Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2010-03-11"

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    No altar e na sala de aula : vestígios da catequese e educação franciscanas no sudeste goiano (1944-1963)
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-11)
    Barros, Aparecida Maria Almeida
    ;
    Bittar, Marisa
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/1742823730701223
    The survey, whose object throve institutional relations of church and society mediated by education, aimed to examine the remains of catechesis and education materialized in the Franciscan parish schools established in Goias in the first half of the twentieth century. These institutions intregraram Franciscan missionary project of two American religious orders: the Friars Minor (1944) and the Sisters of Allegany (1946). The theoretical assumptions of cultural studies and historical research located in the field of educational institutions guided search fundamentals. The research methodology documentation, which was essentially the basis for the analysis of empirical data. The specific object of catechesis, education and society, had the contribution of sociological theory and historical interpretation for the variables of social and economic context in which they entered the missionary and educational analyzed. Among the findings from the route and analysis, remains indicated that the Catechesis and Education Taught at the altar and in the classroom, they would have supported the project of evangelization and sacralization, strengthening the movement for renewal of the Roman Church and the new Christianity in Brazil . Uniquely, the consolidation of the Franciscan missionary work led to the syncretism of religious practices and the likely eclecticism of pedagogical practices and school strongly marked by active methods, in contrast to the structure and format of traditional religious order. The originality with the Franciscans not only spread their missionary project also defined as agreements and mediations with local realities, through the educational and catechetical work, resulted in the demarcation of spaces and competitors alike and the coexistence of the diverse.
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    Ciclos de greves : o peso da variável salário na literatura internacional e nacional de greves
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-11)
    Ponce, Pedro Augusto
    ;
    Noronha, Eduardo Garuti
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/6908348693613769
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    https://lattes.cnpq.br/8602386970247101
    This research continues the study of strikes and collective action in Brazil. From the conception that the strikes have a cyclical character, determination of complex and changeable, this study shows the weight that the variable pay - traditionally seen as the main determinant of strikes - has in determining the conflict at different times given. The salary issue is in Brazil and the world's central theme of labor relations, but is not, in most cases, the main determinant of the phenomenon striker. In the theories of collective action and strikes a set of variables competes in explanatory power. In Brazil, for example, from the inaugural 1978 strikes, most of the demands of national strikes have been directly or indirectly pay, it does not presume that only wages could explain the reduction or expansion in the number of strikes. Through a mapping of national and international discussion of the topic and theoretical and methodological assumptions that guide this work, we try to compare the weight given to variable pay relative to other explanatory variables such as inflation and unemployment in determining the conflict industrial. To achieve this purpose, is part of the main explanations of cycles European, American, Latin American and national strikes, the authors grouped according to year and location of the debate. But this general observation hides different approaches that establish causal relationships or no causation between the variables considered. Thus, the American model said the strikes fall when unemployment is rising which is not shown to be true for Europe. On this continent, the wages seem to figure in the background, sometimes as a result of unemployment, as shown by the Danish case. In Brazil noted that the wages figured in the foreground and led to the outbreak of strikes in 1978 does not mean that they explain, by itself, the expansion or reduction of labor.
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    Os gêneros do discurso e a prática da produção textual: dialogando sobre os conhecimentos necessários aos educadores dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-12)
    Garcia, Stella de Lourdes
    ;
    Reyes, Cláudia Raimundo
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/1903278004759421
    The aim of this research was to verify and analyze which skills are necessary to the educators of 9-year-old pupils at the discourse genres as a teaching subject so that they can guarantee the pupils learning regarding the textual production which covers beyond the genre marks, i.e. the elements which ensure the discourse dynamics. Such skills were approached during an Extension Course in a dialogic collaborative process between researchers and educators, which was grounded in the development of a didactic sequence for the teaching of the writing discourse genre. It is an investigation of qualitative nature based on the dialogic collaborative methodology. The data collection was carried out during a continuing education course attended by educators and pupils from a municipal public school in São Carlos-SP which integrates the Project Learning Communities: betting on the learning quality, differences equality and democratization of the school management . We adopted a language conception which is constitutive of the individuals and used the studies by Freire, Bakhtin and researchers such as Schneuwly and Dolz as guidance. The data analysis, which was orientated by the assessment of themes present in the meetings with the educators as well as in the meetings with a third-year group of pupils, led us to conclude that the knowledge basis about teaching, more specifically the one regarding the knowledge of specific contents which refer to the discourse genres of the educators was not enough to guarantee that the discourse genres were conceived as a teaching subject. Although they were present in the classroom in reading activities, such a fact did not guarantee that the pupils appropriated them and started to produce them textually. As for the knowledge built during the education course, we believe that the reflections provided by the dialogic collaborative dynamics might have contributed to a change in the practice of the educators in question. We highlight the importance of the definition of the genre to be apprehended by the pupils, as well as the need to contextualize the writing process in an interlocutive situation, i.e. the pupils need to know what, why, how and to whom they write. Therefore, we can claim that using the didactic sequence to a writing genre teaching worked as instrumental to both the educators and the pupils. As for the educators, it provided methodological guidance to the systematized teaching of a writing discourse genre, thus contributing to the construction of a teaching knowledge basis; as for the pupils, it provided them with writing assurance, since they could learn and experience the knowledge and procedures which the textual production practice entails, taking into account the characteristics of the genre and the interlocutive situation.
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    Efeito da ovariectomia e treinamento de força no conteúdo lipídico no músculo esquelético, fígado, coração, depósitos de gordura e perfil lipídico
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-12)
    Leite, Richard Diego
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    Perez, Sergio Eduardo de Andrade
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/9408953831211309
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    https://lattes.cnpq.br/9102502940689012
    The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of resistance training on skeletal muscle lipid content, liver lipid content, heart lipid content, fat depots and lipid profile in ovariectomized rats. Wistar adult female rats were grouped into: sedentary (Sed-intact); ovariectomized sedentary (Sed-Ovx); strength trained (ChronicEx-intact) and ovariectomized strength trained (ChronicEx-Ovx) (n= 10 per group). A 12-week strength training period that consisted in climbing a 1.1-m vertical ladder with weights attached to rats tail was used. The sessions were performed once every 3 days with 4-9 climbs and 8-12 dynamic movements per climb. Ovariectomy increased liver lipid content, fat depots, heart and muscle lipid content. There was an increase in atherogenic index and negative change in lipid profile due to ovariectomy. Resistance training decreased lipid content in liver, soleus, tibialis anterior, fat depots (mesenteric and retroperitoneal) and lipid profile, independently of ovarian hormone status. These results indicate the potential benefits of resistance training as an alternative strategy to control the effects of ovariectomy on fat depot, lipid profile, and tissue lipid content.
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    A educação na trajetória intelectual de Arthur Ramos: higiene mental e criança problema (Rio de Janeiro 1934-1949)
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-12)
    Garcia, Ronaldo Aurélio Gimenes
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    Ferreira Junior, Amarilio
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/0748545841167046
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    https://lattes.cnpq.br/9007404555091852
    In this research we look for to critically reconstitute the paper of the education in the intellectual trajectory of Arthur Ramos. This author carried through an intense work of research and developed practical actions throughout its professional and academic experience. Ramos elaborated a theory of psychoanalysis base and humanist who resulted in an important set of concepts, proposals and social intervention that surpassed the limits of the school to reach the family and the community as a whole, extending in such a way the proper concept of education. The intellectual mentioned one was collaborator of Anísio Teixeira in the reform of public education next to the Department of Education of the Federal District during the administration of mayor Pedro Ernesto Batista in the decade of 1930. As part of the reform of Anísio Teixeira the Service of Ortofrenia and Mental Hygiene commanded by Ramos was installed. The objective to receive the children who were considered as incapable to learn and who presented a misadjusted behavior directed from the public school. It enters the objectives of the present research we can detach: to present Arthur Ramos as an intellectual of its time, involved with the controversies of its time in the interior of the field and thinking about forms of overcoming of the educational and social quandaries of the nation under the prism of the humanism and the democracy; to analyze its pedagogical proposals and of intervention in the school by means of the mental hygiene; to referential the child concept problem and to analyze its workmanship of scientific spreading Spirit Health of the 1939. The reverential theoretician methodology had been used the patrimonialism concepts, of authoritarian modernization, of intellectual field and habitus. The developed research search to use of the analysis of the intellectual production and the practical politics of Arthur Ramos from some documentary sources as published workmanships, periodic and manual assays, scientific articles in of spreading. Everything indicates that the proposals of Arthur Ramos were beyond the historical possibilities of the decades of 1930 and 1940. The work of the alagoano doctor of undeniable pioneers in the field of the applied psychoanalysis and the anthropology to the education was not enough to hinder that its accomplishments were condemned to the intellectual ostracism the one that had been deliver during many decades. The rescue of the thought and the practical one of Ramos is a form to retake the memory intellectual of that historical period especially of the field of the knowledge of the history of the education.
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    Estudos de separação enantiosseletiva para uma série de sulfóxidos quirais em colunas poliméricas
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-12)
    Lourenço, Tiago de Campos
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    Cass, Quezia Bezerra
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/9197210255594409
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    https://lattes.cnpq.br/7899438213629513
    The liquid chromatography enantiomeric separation of a series of seventeen chiral sulfoxides was systematically investigated using multimodal elution with the new synthetic polymeric stationary phases based on monomers N-(2- acryloylamino-(1R,2R)-cyclohexyl)-acrylamine (P-CAP®), N,N0-[(1R,2R)-1,2- diphenyl-1,2-ethanediyl]bis-2-propenamide (P-CAP-DP®) and trans-9,10-dihydro- 9,10-ethanoanthracene-(11S,12S)-11,12-dicarboxylic acid bis-4-vinylphenylamide (DEAVB). The sulfoxide series was composed of aryl alkyl sulfoxides, benzoimidazole sulfoxides and the drugs modafinil, albendazole sulfoxide, omeprazole, lansoprazole, pantoprazole and rabeprazole. This work examines the effectiveness of the polymeric chiral stationary phases for the separation of chiral sulfoxides and describes the superiority of DEABV for these separations in three different elution modes. The first ever reversed phase enantiomeric separations on these columns is demonstrated. Besides that, the use of non standard chromatography solvents was evaluated for the sulfoxides series on the polymeric stationary phases. The study of the development of polysaccharides chiral stationary phases (CSPs) immobilized on to aminopropilsilica was carried out using thermal or photochemical methods. The photochemical method was more effective and provided the production of a CSP based on amilose tris-3,5- dimethylphenylcarbamate (CSP 7). This column showed stability for non standards mobile phases; however, has showed low enantiorresolution power for the compounds investigated. Using the photochemical approach an amilose tris-3,5- dimetoxiphenylcarbamate (CSP 8) was also prepared. The immobilization conditions needs, however, futher investigations and these results will be also presented and discussed in this work.
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    Tensão e extensão: ensaio sobre a ontologia bergsoniana
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-12)
    Henriques, Fernando Meireles Monegalha
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    Marques, Silene Torres
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/4822141288006918
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    https://lattes.cnpq.br/6598854428295430
    In this work, our aim is to show how Bergson s consciousness analysis is linked to his ontology. For that, we will begin with an analysis of temporal dimensions that are implicit in the idea of duration. Then, we will approach the idea that Bergson thinks our consciousness as a temporal field within past, present and future are linked. From there, we will try to show that this temporal field acknowledges several levels, as he put forward by his degrees of duration s theory. Thereafter, we will be ready to display the internal link between temporality and ontology according to Bergson, insofar our consciousness will be, for the French philosopher, just one of varied levels composing real s internal structure, insomuch other degrees of duration can be thought being high or low from this average temporal degree that our subjectivity is. Low: minimal temporality of our own body and lowermost duration of the matter. High: the concretion of duration or eternity of life , which is going to be called God by Bergson. In all these cases, the point is to think in duration, that is, to think varied strata of real by their temporal features, defining their respective places in a sole temporal structure, that we can go through by our own being s immanent intuition, in a movemente which Bergson will assert to be the metaphysics itself . These varied degrees of duration, in turn, will reveal being in a reverse relation to the consciousness extension: the bigger the past contraction made by our consciousness, that is, the bigger its intensity, the lesser its extension in the world. We will attempt to show that this idea of a reverse relation between the duration degrees and extension ones permeates a large part of Bergson s work, and it is very helpful in order to make Bergson s work clearer. Finally, our aim is to show how Bergson thinks his ontology from a genetic point of view: for that, we will elucidate what the concept of vital impulse hides and we will understand what the singular procession presented by Bergson in the third chapter of Creative Evolution consists of.
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    Concretos refratários avançados com alto teor de carbono
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-12)
    Luz, Ana Paula da
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    Pandolfelli, Victor Carlos
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369376873984839
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    https://lattes.cnpq.br/3470395641242374
    Refractory castables in the Al2O3-SiO2-SiC-C system are applied in the iron making process, including runners for molten slags and metals. Over the past years, several attempts to increase the carbon content of these materials have been performed, aiming to attain good performance when in contact with slags and bath, due to the low wettability of the carbon particles. However, carbon is highly vulnerable to oxidation. Therefore some actions, such as the use of antioxidants, are necessary to keep this element in the refractory microstructure during service. In this work the main objective is the design and development of castable formulations in the system Al2O3-SiO2-SiC-C containing 7 and 10 wt% of a mixture of carbon sources (pitch, coke and carbon black). Besides that, the evolution of the refractories reactions, associated to the use of one of the following antioxidants (Si, B4C and sodium borosilicate glass) or their combination, was investigated by several experimental and practical (i.e. application of one composition on a tilting runner in a metallurgical company) tests and by the thermodynamic simulations developed in the FactSage® software. The wettability technique, using the sessile drop method, was also applied in the evaluation of the interactions between slags and the castables. It was verified that the combined use of three antioxidants resulted in lower oxidation and excellent thermo-mechanical properties for the designed castables. However, when one of the compositions were applied in a tilting runner equipment, a superior mass loss was observed due to the refractory peeling. The excessive sintering of some parts of the castable (and the chemical corrosion at the contact with molten metal/slag led to the wearing of this material. Additionally, thermodynamic calculations pointed out that the Al4O4C, Al2OC, TiO2, and other antioxidants are good options for the refractory system investigated in this work.
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    Regressão de dados binários : distribuição Weibull
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-12)
    Caron, Renault
    ;
    Campos, Adriano Polpo de
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/4867996651212204
    In this work a new class of models for binary data based on Weibull distribution is introduced. A review is made of the most known linkage functions. This class of models has as special case the complementary log-log model and approximates well the logit and probit models. Three real data sets are given to compare the proposed model with many others. In one of these data sets the model is extended to allow multinomial data, that is, a discrete variable with more than two outcomes. The results are very good, because the estimation of parameters is quite simple and the model has shown to be very eficient.
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    Atividades para aprendizagem do conceito matemático de função
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-12)
    Guimarães, Rita Santos
    ;
    Paterlini, Roberto Ribeiro
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/6240750958932738
    The choice of the mathematical content of this work came from the identification of the difficulties of students in High School 1st year with the theme functions through the experiences of this researcher in her teaching practices. In order to facilitate the teaching and learning of the mathematical concept of function, some proposed activities mixed scripts and problems, to use the concept of spontaneous relationship as the basis for the construction of the scientific concept of function. The activities also have the language necessary for basic scientific understanding of the concept that we use to situations of perceived patterns for students to build functions represented by formulas. We explored the transition from discrete to continuous and covered some graphical situations for functions. The activities were settled in small groups of students from two schools in the first year of High School, one public and thr other on a cooperative style. Applications took a week in each school. All data collected were analyzed and compared with the previous observations, following Didactic Engineering as research methodology. So we could reformulate some parts of the sheets of activities to obtain more positive results of its application. We found that these dynamics in general stimulated and encouraged the participation of students in their own learning process. As it was not possible to follow any longer the same class, this prevented us from obtaining more precise information on the effects of the activites. Anyway, we believe that the produced material produced can help other professionals, even if they have to suffer minor changes to be compatible with each situation.
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    Efeitos da ovariectomia e treinamento resistido na atividade da metaloproteinase-2 no tendão calcâneo de ratas
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-12)
    Pereira, Guilherme Borges
    ;
    Perez, Sergio Eduardo de Andrade
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/9408953831211309
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/0159911069166581
    Tendons remodeling relies upon extracellular matrix restructuring by the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The aim of this study was to investigate MMP-2 activity in different regions of the calcanear tendon after resistance training in ovariectomized rats. Wistar adult female rats were grouped into: sedentary (Sed-Intact); ovariectomized sedentary (Sed-Ovx); acute exercise (AcuteEx-Intact); ovariectomized acute exercise (AcuteEx-Ovx); resistance trained (ChronicEx-Intact) and ovariectomized resistance trained (ChronicEx-Ovx) (n= 10 each group). The resistance training protocol required the animals to climb a 1.1-m vertical ladder with weights attached to their tail was used. The sessions were performed once every 3 days with 4-9 climbs and 8-12 dynamic movements per scaling. The acute groups performed one session, and the chronic groups underwent a 12-week of resistance training. There was an increase in total MMP-2 activity in Sed- Ovx, AcuteEx-intact and ChronicExintact compared with Sed-Intact in the proximal region of calcanear tendon. AcuteEx-Ovx exhibited higher total MMP-2 than Sed-Ovx and AcuteEx-Intact in the distal region of calcanear tendon. Chronic-Ovx presented lower total MMP-2 activity than Sed-Ovx and Chronic-Intact in the distal region of tendon. The active MMP-2 was higher for the AcuteEx- Ovx than Sed-Ovx and AcuteEx-Intact in proximal region of tendon. There was higher active MMP-2 in the distal region of tendon in the Acute-Ovx than Sed-Ovx and AcuteEx-Intact. Ovariectomy and resistance exercise modulate MMP-2 activity according to specific tendon region, indicating a differentiated tissue remodeling.
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    Logaritmos no ensino médio: construindo uma aprendizagem significativa através de uma sequência didática
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-12)
    Rossi, Patrícia Rodrigues da Silva
    ;
    Paterlini, Roberto Ribeiro
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/6240750958932738
    The objective of this dissertation is to describe the work that we carry through in the elaboration of didactic material that became the teaching of logarithms more significant for the students of high school level. For this we constructed a didactic sequence using resources of mathematical education. To organize our research we use principles of Didactic Engineering. Our sequence also includes exposing lessons, activities with the use of the computer and the calculator. This didactic sequence includes Worksheets elaborated with the concern to make the student had the maximum autonomy as possible to decide them. As well as these activities, exposing lessons, activities with the use of computer and calculator are also part of our sequence. The sequence was applied to 42 students of two classrooms of first grade of high school level, in a cooperative school of the city of Araraquara - SP. For that, 15 lessons of 50 minutes each were used. Most of the activities was developed in pairs. The results were gotten through the analysis of the activities solved by the students and also through the comment and the notes that we made during the application of the sequence. According to these results we consider that our objectives were reached, because the activities were developed successfully and a posteriori analysis showed us that the applied sequence contributed for the learning of the students to occur of significant form.
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    As relações concretas com o outro em Entre quatro paredes
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-12)
    Souza, Maria Inez de
    ;
    Fonseca, Thelma Silveira da Mota Lessa da
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/2798630687155711
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    Otimização das propriedades superficiais dos aços inoxidáveis AISI 304, AISI 316L e ASTM F138 recobertos com filme de alumínio e nitretados
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-12)
    Kapp, Mario Sergio Vinicius
    ;
    Souza, Sylvio Dionysio de
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/9114778666084317
    Many industrial applications of stainless steel require the modification of surface properties, such as corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties such as hardness. For this purpose several surface modify techniques have been used and researched. In this work, samples of three different stainless steels, AISI 316L, ASTM F138 and AISI 304 were coated with aluminum thin film with different thickness and plasma nitrided. The characterization of AISI 316L samples was performed by X-ray diffraction analysis, micro Vickers hardness measurements and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). For samples of ASTM F138 and AISI 304, besides techniques further, were also performed Mössbauer spectroscopy analysis and corrosion tests (NaCl). The results for samples of AISI 316L indicated that is possible to form the AlN phase on the surface of samples with Al film and the nitriding parameters (temperature, time and pressure) has a fundamental role in the thickness and composition of the layer formed and the film adherence. Moreover, we observed that the thickness of the film influenced the formation of Fe2Al5 and AlN (Hex.) phases. The results of ASTM F138 samples indicated that the composition of the matrix seems to play an important role in the formation of the CrN film as well as the adhesion to the substrate seems to be important to increasing the corrosion resistance. As amostras de AISI 304 apresentaram resultados satisfatórios para o aumento da dureza superficial, cerca de 10 vezes a dureza da matriz, bem como para a resistência à corrosão, que para algumas regiões analisadas superou a resistência à corrosão da matriz. The AISI 304 samples showed satisfactory results for surface hardness, increasing about 10 times the hardness of the matrix, as well as corrosion resistance, that in some analized regions it was greater than the matrix. The procedures used in this work allowed us to select an efficient treatment method for increasing surface hardness of stainless steel, without losing its characteristics of corrosion resistance.
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    Metodologia da resolução de problemas no planejamento de atividades para a transição da Aritmética para a Álgebra
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-13)
    Pimentel, Danilo Eudes
    ;
    Baldin, Yuriko Yamamoto
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/8785562528979416
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/2305262757779011
    Difficulties in learning algebra found on high school, especially among students of the first year have motivated this research, in order to discover and understand the origins of the problem and consider proposals for possible solutions. The first target of the present research was to explore the possible causes of difficulties on the transition from arithmetic to algebra, which should be done in the second half of elementary school but occurs most notably in the eighth year / seventh grade. Activities configured as problem solving were planned and implemented to detect problems and to support the introduction to algebraic reasoning on three groups of seventh grade students at Escola Estadual Professor Euclides de Carvalho Campos , Botucatu, SP. The objectives of those activities are: 1 Search the steps involved in planning activities for teaching algebra; find the students difficulties in its learning; 2 Implement classroom activities in the seventh grade; collect and analyze the results in order to support the dissertation work and prepare proposals to assist the learning of algebra. In order to reach it, the problem solving methodology was used with proposals for contextual problems involving modeling problems with first-degree equations, linear systems, geometry and counting. In addition to explanative lessons, in which the results were synthesized, the group work and participatory learning were emphasized. As a result, the students shown their difficulties to discern the role of the unknowns in the equation s solving, the meaning of characters as variables in modeling problems and also a strong tendency of trying to solve only arithmetic s exercises, especially through the method of trial and error. The present research examined the difficulties found as by the points of view of the theoretical conceptual transition from arithmetic to algebra as by the contextual problem solving methodology, which involves the school planning and the social environment.
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    Estudo de casos na promoção da argumentação sobre questões sócio-científicas no ensino superior de química
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-15)
    Sá, Luciana Passos
    ;
    Queiroz, Salete Linhares
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/7925870606416937
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/9320228970020024
    This study was guided mainly in the application of the case study method of instruction. We analyzed the students‟ argumentation on socio-scientific issues in an undergraduate chemistry course in Brazil. Firstly, we investigated the place of argumentation in undergraduate chemistry teaching, created fourteen cases, and characterized them as structured, ill-structured, and multiple problems based on the Ideal Problem- Solving Model. Next, groups of students presented their solutions to the cases orally and participated in debates on the subject. The cases were applied in two different contexts: first, the argumentation occurred spontaneously; second, the students were instructed about the characteristics of a good argument. Considering the different contexts, we investigated if the students that were taught to argue, based on Toulmin Model, would developed this skill better. Furthermore, we developed an argumentation model of analysis appropriated to assess other relevant aspects related to the arguments elaborated by the students in discussions of socio-scientific issues. This model, called Argumentation Model of Analysis Applicable to Processes of Resolution of Socio-Scientific Issues, was applied aiming at understanding the nature of the arguments, argumentative strategies, and the sources of evidence usually employed by the students to solve the cases. From this perspective, we evaluated the quality of argumentation in discussions on socio-scientific issues and observed to what extent the method of case study favored the development of arguments. The perceptions of the students on the teaching proposals were also investigated through questionnaires. The conclusions of the study indicated that the discourse observed in undergraduate chemistry teaching was teacher dominated and tended not to foster the reflective discussion of scientific and/or socio-scientific issues. Structural analysis of the arguments indicated that to teach students about the characteristics of a good argument favored the development of more elaborated arguments. The Argumentation Model of Analysis Applicable to Processes of Resolution of Socio-Scientific Issues showed that the type of cases influences the types of learning strategies, the nature of the criteria considered in the analysis of the problem, and the sources of evidence employed to their solution. Moreover, we found that certain strategies are strongly encouraged in situations of oral presentations, whereas others are encouraged in situations of debates. The xv proposed model was adequate to our purposes, and it may also be useful in other situations involving problem solving on socio-scientific issues. The teaching strategies were well received by the students. We believe that the results can provide guidance for directing future research in Science Education related to the development of teaching strategies favorable to the practice of argumentation.
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    Sustentabilidade e a gestão compartilhada dos resíduos sólidos no município de Ribeirão Preto/SP: conflitos e desafios
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-15)
    Pirani, Nikolas de Camargo
    ;
    Vargas, Marcelo Coutinho
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/4780853657814776
    In urban Brazil, environmental problems have multiplied and have impacts in the worse conditions of living. The social sciences fall into this debate with the understanding that environmental problems arise as a result of economic and social organization. Are the differences in social form of production that determine what materials to use, the rate that will be used and the interaction with the environment. Currently, the production of solid waste is increasing and its inappropriate disposal in most municipalities. Since the late 1980s, have multiplied the experiences of municipal waste collection programs in partnership with recyclable material, organized in associations and cooperatives. These partnerships are called shared management of municipal solid waste and represent a model that seeks to promote economic, environmental and social. However, in practice, these partnerships face serious challenges to the efficiency of the municipal waste collection. The research aims to examine the guidelines of the joint management of solid waste in the municipality of Ribeirão Preto in order to raise the proposals put into practice and the noticeable results of these policies on an assessment that takes into account the three pillars of sustainability.
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    O manejo da cidadania em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-16)
    Sartori, Lecy
    ;
    Villela, Jorge Luiz Mattar
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/8301325600502054
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/7435592706913728
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    Fabricação e caracterização elétrica de dispositivos orgânicos emissores de luz derivados de poli-p(fenilene vinilene) (PPV)
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-16)
    Amorim, Cleber Alexandre de
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    Mergulhão, Sérgio
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/3112407060223489
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/2813319640699964
    Molecularly doped polymers have been widely studied in recent years due to their electronic and optical properties, and application in the manufacture of opto-electronic devices, light emitting diodes (LED) and others. These materials are very promising since they can be used in the manufacture of common and flexible displays and reduced thickness screens, and they also offer low power consumption and high image quality. A series of polymers has been studied and despite the importance of these materials and all the knowledge acquired in the past years, the transport mechanism is still partially unknown. The mobility of charge carrier and the exact nature of the states are little studied due to experimental problems found in a conventional measurement of transit time and especially in low thickness samples. Because of that, this present work aims the manufacturing and electrical and optical characterization of polymer devices, and implements a new and powerful technique to determine structures mobility of a few hundred nanometers of thickness. This technique is based on Charge Extraction in a Linearly Increasing Voltage, CELIV. Beside determining the mobility, we have studied result validity by comparing them to more conventional techniques such as TOF - time of flight, DI-SCLC Dark Injection current limited by space charge and characterization J vs. V, where J is the current density and V the voltage applied, reaching thickness when techniques such as TOF and DI-SCLC are no longer valid. Another focus of this work is to use mobility to study structures degradation and examine how the mobility of samples stored behaves in different ways, vacuum and air, over time and how this interferes with the process of carrier injection.
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    Análise da regeneração do nervo isquiático de ratos em lesões moderadas e graves sob ação do laser de baixa intensidade
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-17)
    Benato, Davilene Gigo
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    Parizotto, Nivaldo Antonio
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/5527703735628408
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/1386161474488016
    Peripheral nerves are frequently target of traumatic injuries and their functional recovery is generally incomplete. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of 660 or 780 nm low-level laser therapy (LLLT) GaAlAs using different energy densities (10, 60 and 120 J/cm2) on nerve sciatic recovery after severe (neurotmesis) or moderate (axonotmesis) injuries in rat. One hundred and twenty eight Wistar male rats (275g) were divided into 16 groups, and they were performed as follow: For axonotmesis: Normal (N); axonotmesis (CR); axonotmesis and 660 nm LLLT with 10 J/cm2 irradiation (CR660 10J); CR660 60J; CR660 120J; CR780 10J; CR780 60J; CR780 120J. For neurotmesis: N; neurotmesis (TT); TT660 10J; TT660 60J; TT660 120J; TT780 10J; TT780 60J; TT780 120J. The LLLT irradiation was performed using a fix potence of 40 mW and a spot area of 4 mm2. Nerves submitted to axonotmesis or neurotmesis were irradiated with LLLT daily during 10 consecutive days starting on the first post-operatory. However, neurotmesis groups received additionally one month of LLLT applied every other day. Tibialis anterior (TA) muscles and sciatic nerve were evaluated 28 (axonotmesis) and 84 (neurotmesis) after surgery. The follow analyses were performed: muscle fiber, axon, myelin and nerve fiber cross-sectional area (CSA); matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 2 and 9 activities; sciatic functional index; S-100 immunofluorescence. Data were submitted to homogeneity and normality tests. Anova one-way followed by Tukey tests and Kruskal-Wallis followed by Newman-Keuls tests were performed when data was parametric or non-parametric, respectively. Significance level was set at 5%. The results of the present study showed that groups irradiated with 660 nm LLLT with 10 or 60 J/cm2, and 780 nm 10 or 120 J/cm2 showed normal values of nerve fiber and myelin CSA. The 660 nm LLLT, regardless the energy density used, accelerated muscle fiber recovery and increased the MMP-2 activity in nerve. Furthermore, it also decreased the MMP-9 and MMP-2 activities in nerves and muscles respectively. All axotomized animals recovery normal levels of function on the 28 day after surgery. Regarding neurotmesis groups, TT660 120J presented higher values of myelin and nerve fiber CSA compared to TT. Superior values of muscle fiber CSA were observed in TT660 60 e 120J e TT780 10J compared to TT. These LLLT parameters were also efficient to decrease MMP-2 activity in TA muscles. All groups submitted to neurotmesis did not recover normal function after 84 days of injury. Based on the proposed objective, it is possible to conclude that LLLT, considering specific protocols vi of application, recovered nerves effectively, avoided muscle fiber atrophy and acted on the muscle and nerve extracellular matrix remodeling via MMPs regulation.