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Dilemas vividos por duas professoras da escola pública ao ensinarem ciências em uma perspectiva de formação para a cidadania
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-26)
Camargo, Cristiane Cordeiro de
;
Mizukami, Maria da Graça Nicoletti
The present investigation was guided by the question, which are the dilemmas faced by public school teachers whilst indicating public policies sacred stories considering education for citizenship? The term sacred story was developed by Clandinin and Connelly ( 1995) to refer to the manner in which the theoretical speech of educational research is presented to teachers. In the context of this research, education for citizenship in the teaching of science is regarded as sacred story. Above all, in the Science-Technology-Society approach to teaching science, education for citizenship has been a strongly emphasized speech in researches as well as in official curricular guidance. Commonly, research in the area of teaching science has treated the issue of education for citizenship in terms of teaching methods, curricular proposals, content selection and the teachers´ representations in respect to the meaning of the term education for citizenship (SANTOS e SCHNETZLER, 1996; PRAIA, GIL-PEREZ e VILCHES, 2007; SANTOS, 2007). In this work, the attempt is to approach the theme from another perspective, proposed by the narrative inquiry. In the educational research, the narrative approach to teachers´ knowledge identifies itself with the comprehensive, interpretive and interactional studies (BORGES, 2001). It is an epistemological approach which understands the experience as a means in which human beings present themselves in relation to reality (CLANDININ e ROSIEK, 2006) and, consequently, takes narratives not only as the phenomena intended to investigate, but also as a research method. The theoretical reference for the comprehension of the teachers´ professional knowledge founded itself in concepts of practical personal knowledge and of professional knowledge landscape (CLANDININ e CONNELLY, 1995). Classroom observations, interviews and informal conversations with the participants, with or without the help of a digital register using a recorder, were methods used for the account and register of stories. Narrative accounts were composed and shared with the participants for the analysis of data, in which it was intended to identify the narrative unities comprehended as elements which allowed to unify as a whole, the stories told by the teachers. The results point out as to how the teachers´ dilemmas relate themselves to their practical personal knowledge and their professional development landscape, indicating how the context assumes a relevant role in the experience of these dilemmas. As possible contributions to this investigation, these results allow a further complex analysis of the teaching in science and education for citizenship theme, giving indication of transforming movements and resistance in teaching practice, frequently analyzed partially by other theoretical-methodological approaches, and how in these movements, actuates the teachers´ professional knowledge landscape.
Teoria de invariantes de formas binárias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-26)
Fehlberg Júnior, Renato
;
Tomazella, João Nivaldo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0051564735964760
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4297634330123270
In this work, we studied article [6], that answers the following questions:how are all covariants of binary forms? What are and how to find the canonicalforms of the binary forms of degree n? Is there a finite generating set for theconvariants of binary forms of degree n? The first question will be answered bythe First Fundamental Theorem. The second question will be answered using thetechniques of apolarity. And for application, we will show the results for binaryforms of low degree. Finally, the third question will be answered by the FinitenessTheorem.
Análise de impactos de vizinhança decorrentes da implantação de supermercados no Município de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-26)
Gonçalves Neto, Pedro Silveira
;
Lollo, José Augusto de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8987677644041247
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5691692930877152
The study of the neighborhood impact deals chiefly the question of the limit intervention in the urban area. Due to the high population growth and the absence of laws to propose a direction to the use and land cover, these were conducted in a disorderly way. The result can be seen in the spatial segregation experienced by low-income population and the ineffectiveness of infrastructure urban systems that permitted the placement of large buildings without the proper review within the current legal parameters. The Federal Law 10.257/2001, also known as City Statute, emerged as one of the guidelines for analysis of urban land, because imposes the rules that permit a better reclamation of land use through the study of the neighborhood impact (EIV). The City Statute relieves a significant importance as regards the provision of urban and community, transport and public services, to the interests and needs of the population and the local characteristics in the development of RIV, since the man's action on urban land, without a prior planning, already shows signs of degradation not only of the urban environment, but also with regard to the physical environment. In this context, this project was developed, with the help of GIS tools, in a study covering the municipality of São Carlos and different categories of supermarketsized (small, medium and large - defined based on the area occupied by development and volume of activity) in order to assess the influence of the size of the business in the neighborhood impacts generated by these supermarkets. The work has developed about how the positioning of companies (in addition to other factors such as size of the building and nearby) contribute to the increase in population density and change of use of buildings, thus the result post-deployment directly affects attendee population of the nearby building. The results showed that the Geographic Information System enabled relationships between the variables and was capable to spatialized them effectively. In addition, was found that the legislation does not have total conditions to guide the studies of urban impacts due to the complex integration between the urban environment and impacting components.
Parentalidade e conjugalidade na adolescência : uma proposta interventiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-26)
Maia, Joviane Marcondelli Dias
;
Williams, Lúcia Cavalcanti de Albuquerque
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6962646759651464
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4023154634977944
Adolescent pregnancy rate in Brazil is a public health problem. In general, research in the area of adolescent parenthood, and official data, are directed to motherhood in this phase with descriptive studies. Marital relationship in adolescence is a largely neglected theme, with lack of intervention research. Thus, the importance of the present study due to the lack of research in the area, the risks involved in adolescent pregnancy for the couple of teen parents and for child development, and the need to develop public policies. This research involved two studies. Study 1 was aimed at developing, implementing and evaluating the effectiveness of an intervention program for young couples, when at least one couple member had their first child during adolescence, and whose firstborn were less than seven years of age. The intervention seeked to improve marital and parental skills. Study 2 was aimed at replicating the intervention program for parents in Study 1, and evaluating it with adolescents parents whose children were in early infancy. Participants were referred by institutions of Sao José do Rio Preto area, São Paulo estate. Two couples of parents participated in the Study 1 and at least one had been an adolescent parent, with ages ranging from 24 - 30 years. In study 2, two couples of parents aged between 15 - 18 years participated. Schooling in the two studies ranged from incomplete Elementary School to incomplete High School. All participants had dropped out of school. Multiple measures were taken, with some instruments applied in three moments (pretest, posttest and follow-up), and records of self-reporting during the interventional procedure. In Study 1 the instruments and types of data collection used were: Parent Interview, Brazil Economic Classification Criterion, Marital Social Skills Inventory, Parental Styles Inventory, The Child Abuse Potential Inventory, Daily Record of Parental Satisfaction, Daily Record of Marital Satisfaction, A Field Diary, Final Interview and Followup Interview; and in Study 2: Parent Interview, Daily Record of Parental Satisfaction, Daily Record of Marital Satisfaction, Diary of Field, Final Interview and Follow-up Interview. Interventions were performed in the house of participants, lasting approximately three months with each couple. The intervention consisted primarily of interactive games directed to relevant skills training and instructions on the main themes of the study. The procedures was responsible for maximizing engagement and participation of couples. Results of the studies showed the effectiveness of intervention terms of improving parenting and marital skills expressed with an increase of scores of the instruments, as well as with their statements during the interventional procedure. Analysis of the satisfaction of participants in daily marital and parental roles indicated in several cases, a mutual influence between structures of autocorrelation and cross correlation parental and marital subsystems, at the beginning and end of the study, indicating could changes, tending to independent responses. It is hoped that this research contributes to the appropriateness of intervention programs that address parenting and marital relationship in adolescence, to stimulate significant protective factors and the resilience process. Prevention could occurs at various levels, including parents who had their children in adolescence and their children. Due to the fact that they are no longer adolescents, it does not mean they should be free from adolescent parenthood risks. Such issues should be reviewed by professionals of the area with development of public policies.
Processamento de nanofibras de poliamida 66 / nanotubos de carbono de múltiplas camadas por eletrofiação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-26)
Godoy, Vitor Alexandre Garcia
;
Bretas, Rosario Elida Suman
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2805349172281345
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3484250902754351
Nanocomposite fibers with polymer matrix have many applications, such as protective clothing, filtration and artificial blood vessels. Many of these applications require that the fiber has nanometric size due to some properties, as high surface area and high aspect ratio. In this research, aligned and non-aligned nanocomposites of polyamide 6,6 with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) in formic acid solvent were produced by electrospinning, studying the influence of the process variables (as polymer concentration in the solution, electrical field and functionalization of MWNT) in the fiber morphology and diameter.
Estudo sobre o mecanismo de reações de hidrogenação em complexos do tipo [RuCl2(P)2(N)2][(P)2= mono ou bifosfina; N= piridina ou derivados]
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-26)
Rodrigues, Claudia
;
Batista, Alzir Azevedo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6469642481998660
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8800486122052253
In this study, it was performed synthesis and characterization of the complexes of general formula cis-[RuCl2(PPh3)2(N)2], cis-[RuCl2(PPh3)2(N-N)], trans- [RuCl2(dppb)(N)2], cis-[RuCl2(dppb)(N-N)] and cis-[RuCl2(P-P)(N-N)] [PPh3 = triphenylphosphine, dppb = 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane, (P-P) = bis(diphenylphosphino)methane, 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane and 1,3- bis(diphenylphosphino)propane, N = pyridine (py), 4-picoline (4-pic), 4-tertbutilpyridine (4t-Bupy ), 4-vinylpyridine (4-vpy) and 4-phenylpyridine (4-Phpy), N-N = 2,2'-bipyridine (bipy), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine (4- Mebipy), di-2-piridilcetona (dpk) and 4,4'-dimethoxy-2,2'-bipyridine (MeO-bipy)]. The characterizations were performed using elemental analysis, conductivity, Infrared spectrometry (IR), NMR 31P {1H}, cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry as well as X-ray diffraction, when suitable crystals were obtained. Kinetic studies of substitution of one chloride ligand from the coordination sphere of the complex by a monodentate L ligand (pyridine (py) or 4-picoline (4-pic)) were performed for the complex series of cis-[RuCl2(P-P)(N-N)] in terms of pseudo-first order conditions. The catalytic studies of some of the complex obtained in this work in hydrogenation reactions of cyclohexene were carried out. For the catalytic reactions were used a stainless steel reactor purging with H2 pressure, temperature and agitation were controlled and the analysis of results were performed in a gas chromatograph with detector flame ionization detector (GC-FID) with a capillary column DB5. The catalytic reactions performed with the complex series of [RuCl2(PPh3)2(N)2] showed a high conversion of reactant (cyclohexene - CXE) to product (cyclohexane - CXA) and a high value of TOF (turnover frequency) above 1000 h-1, during 24 hours of reaction. For complex series of [RuCl2(dppb)(N)2] the values of conversion (%) and TOF (h-1) were not as high, but still significant. For the other tested complexes, the values were low and the conversions were not significant.
Síntese e caracterização de nanopartículas de TiO2 pelo método do precursor polimérico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-26)
Zoccal, João Victor Marques
;
Gonçalves, José Antônio Silveira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0337997526924402
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7008185222940479
Currently, scientific research in the field of nanotechnology has attracted growing interest because of its several applications, either through design of new products, materials characterization, production and application of structures, devices and systems in the form or function are features of the nanoscale. Thus, there is advancement in technology and industrial application involving nanoparticles, however, raise the concern with control of nanoparticles released into the environment, which is one of the most harmful to human health by causing an increase in the incidence cardio-respiratory disease. Several techniques for production of nanoparticles, and methods of chemical synthesis, have been developed and improved. Among the various methods of chemical synthesis used in the preparation of nanoparticles of titanium dioxide (TiO2), the polymeric precursor method, also called Pechini method, has stood successfully for the issue of nanomaterial. In this context, this work aims to generate in the laboratory a nano material alternative that can be dispersed in a gas stream, forming an aerosol in motion. Furthermore, it should be synthesized in sufficient quantities to use as the test aerosol relatively simple and inexpensive. The technique is primarily on the reaction between citric acid with titanium isopropoxide, obtaining as a product of titanium citrate. After the synthesis of citrate, the addition of ethylene glycol polymerization promoted by a reaction polyesterification, resulting in a polymeric resin clear and viscous. At the end of the process, the resin is burned to remove organic matter and oxidation of the metal cation, forming nanoparticles of TiO2. The powders were characterized by several techniques, among them the thermal analysis, absorption spectroscopy in the infrared, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, UV Visible spectroscopy, method of nitrogen / helium adsorption (method BET), and the Particle Scanning Mobility Sizer (SMPS), which examined the dispersion of the size of nanoparticles as a function of concentration in the gas stream. The results obtained in the characterization techniques showed that the polymeric precursor method was promising in obtaining nano-TiO2. In addition, the SMPS can be observed a high concentration of TiO2 nanoparticles in the range of 15 to 50 nm.
Estudos de sistemática molecular e de biogeografia histórica do bagre de água doce Pseudoplatystoma Bleeker, 1862 (Pimelodidae) na América do Sul
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-26)
Costa, Luis Fernando Carvalho
;
Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4800779539865670
The catfishes of the Pseudoplatystoma genus are carnivore pimelodids, migratory and important for fisheries in all major river basins from South America. Only three species were recognized for the genus (P. corruscans, P. fasciatum and P. tigrinum), but a new revision raised to eight the number of species (P. fasciatum, P. punctifer, P. orinocoense, P. magdaleniatum, P. reticulatum, P. tigrinum, P. metaense and P. corruscans). Recently, Pseudoplatystoma was the subject of a molecular phylogeny study based on mitochondrial markers, where monophyletic clades where found for P. tigrinum, P. corruscans, P. reticulatum+P. punctifer+P. fasciatum and P. magdaleniatum. Despite these advances on the knowledge of the evolutionary history and systematics of the group, there are still questions to be answered. Thus, this study aimed a molecular phylogenetic analysis on Pseudoplatystoma to try to answer pendant questions about the systematics and taxonomy of the group, and propose a scenario for its diversification history in the geographic area of South America. In order to do this, we employed the mitochondrial Cytochrome b gene and introns from Rag1 and S7 genes, whose phylogenies were estimated by Maximum Likelihood using TREEFINDER software. Nodes were dated on BEAST software. It was shown that some Pseudoplatystoma species, resulting from the last revision of the genus, do not correspond to monophyletic groups or they were not significantly supported clades in all trees. The only monophyletic species in all markers were P. magdaleniatum and P. corruscans. Pseudoplatystoma orinocoense was a monophyletic lineage only on Cytochrome b. In light of these results, it is suggested that the old terminology P. fasciatum to be revalidated for the taxa here defined as P. fasciatum clade: P. punctifer (Amazon, Maranhão, Tocantins-Araguaia), P. reticulatum (Paraná-Paraguay) and P. fasciatum (Guyanas). Under the same rationale, P. tigrinum should be revalidated for Orinoco, given the paraphyletism of P. metaense. However, some cases of nonmonophyletic species in one or more markers may be due to incomplete lineage sorting, although this possibility needs to be investigated using other markers. The history of diversification of Pseudoplatystoma was the result of millions of years of evolution and and it was strongly influenced by the evolution of the South America geographical matrix. The biogeographic study allowed us to identify and date the important diversification events for the genus and relate them to the historical geomorphological and/or climate changes reported for South America, which would be the primary diversification causes for other freshwater fishes from the continent.
Laser vermelho e infravermelho em diferentes fluências na viabilidade do retalho cutâneo randômico em ratos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-26)
Cury, Vivian
;
Parizotto, Nivaldo Antonio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5527703735628408
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9820501636414074
Skin flaps are widely used in plastic surgery, mainly in reconstruction surgeries (transference of skin graft, pre-made tissues). After the surgery one of the major complication is ischemia, which may cause necrosis of the flap. Several features have been studied with the aim of increasing the viability flaps. Among these features, the low laser therapy is an alternative treatment, since it can promote an increase in microcirculation and vascular neoformation. However, there are discrepancies in the literature of the parameters employed in the use of laser, especially the fluence used in treatment . The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 2 different laser wavelengths (660nm e 780nm) at 30 and 40J/cm2, on the viability of skin flap in rats evaluated by the paper template, vessels blood counting, activity of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), evaluation of plasma levels of NO, and expression hypoxiainducible Factor 1_. Sixty male animals Wistar were used in this study and they were distributed into the following groups (n=12 each group): control group, group irradiated with 660nm, at 30J/cm2; group irradiated with 660nm, at 40J/cm2 group irradiated with 780nm, at 30J/cm2, and group irradiated with 780nm, at 40J/cm2. The skin flap was performed on the back of all animals studied, with a plastic sheet interposed between the flap and the donor site. The animals received laser irradiation immediately after surgery and within 4 days, using the technical point of contact, on 24 points on the skin surface and around it. On the seventh postoperative day was evaluated the percentage of necrotic area and collected samples of tissue for histological analysis, zymography and protein expression by Western blotting, animals were euthanized by exsanguination, and blood were evaluated plasma levels of NO. The data obtained from the evaluation by the method of the paper template showed no increase in the viability of skin flaps after laser treatment. For biochemical analysis we found that the laser modulates the activity of MMP-2 and expression of HIF-1_ and induced an increase in the number of vessels especially in the groups irradiated with 40J/cm2 Measurement plasma level of NO did not differ between groups. Molecular analysis showed that the application of laser parameters used here, although it stimulated angiogenesis by modulating HIF-1_ and activity of MMP-2 was not able to improve the viability of skin flaps. Thus, we conclude that to find the beneficial effects of laser therapy we need to understand their mechanisms of action and know the best parameters to use.
Estudos de efeitos de spin em diodos de tunelamento ressonante do tipo-p
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-26)
Bezerra, Anibal Thiago
;
Gobato, Yara Galvão
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7558531056409406
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8478305453281130
The aim of this work was to complement the studies of the mechanisms of control of the degree of circular polarization of emission from resonant tunneling diodes p-type (RTD) by analyzing the optical properties and transport of this type of structure. We focus primarily on the influence of the width of quantum well to these properties and the possible injection of spin-polarized charge carriers, from the two-dimensional hole gas formed in the accumulation layer adjacent to the barriers. First, we discuss the theoretical foundations necessary for understanding the work, followed by the description of samples and experimental methods to perform this study. The results showed that the degree of circular polarization of luminescence of the quantum well is strongly correlated with the transport across the diode and with the separation of the emission energy of each spin component. We note also that reversal signal degree of polarization in the regions of resonant tunneling, which were associated with different Landè g-factors of electrons and holes and the injection through the spin channels. Regarding the issue of contacts emition, we observed the presence of two major contributions, one related to the three-dimensional contact and other related two-dimensional hole gas formed in the accumulation layer. The luminescence of gas did not show significant spin polarization, preventing direct analysis of its influence on the spin properties of quantum well. Finally, we conclude that the variation in width of the quantum well can greatly influence the spin properties of RTDs, and the study of these properties may allow the architecture of new spintronic devices.
A nação e seus outros: uma leitura subalterna de Os Sertões de Euclides da Cunha
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-26)
Pimentel, Talita Cristina
;
Escudeiro, Richard Miskolci
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1623888309974862
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4705905045016763
The present work presents a subordinate reading of Os Sertões of Euclides da Cunha also informed for sources of the Brazilian social thought and the incursion in the historical archives on the episode of Canudos. This at the beginning crystallized a true moral panic of the Republic. Euclides of the Wedge told the revolt of Canudos as a shock between races where the miscegenation gained a fincado historical clipping in the binary division of the Brazilian society in caboclos x mulatos (or interior x the coast). One underlines the panic that account of the Brazilian society with regard to the racial mixture between whites and blacks took and the fear moral of that the life in the cities would be a degenerative threat for our nationality. From this division racial of the society established for Euclides - and endorsed for intellectuals, politicians and artists in the consolidation of the Republic - the hinterland and its people if consecrate as the place and the citizens of a genuine nationality. This allowed, also, that the others were established, the undesirable one in the formation of the Brazilian nationality.
Middleware de serviços multi-camadas para redes de sensores sem fio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-29)
Ribeiro, José Eduardo
;
Araujo, Regina Borges de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8964123297688432
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0645626993269346
Technological evolutions in the microelectronic systems and in the wireless communication allowed the development of devices called sensor nodes, which are smalles have low cost and low energy consumption. The sensor nodes integrate sensing modules, data processing and of wireless communication. The use of sensor nodes in a distributed way makes possible the communication among them providing the formation of the Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). WSN are being used more and more as powerful monitoring tools of applications of environmental monitoring the monitoring of emergency situations in environments subject to risk situations to the life and the patrimony such as fire, leaks of poisonous gasses and explosions. Emergency management systems that integrate networks of wireless sensors have been used as support to the making of decision for response teams to the emergencies where the response time in these conditions becomes preponderant factor, aiming at the success of rescue practical operations. In order to the system of emergency management to be efficient a support layer to provide integration and reusability of the services is necessary supplied by the system besides a solution to abstract all the communication complexity and data processing inside WSN. In this work a middleware for WSN was designed and partially implemented to aid the work of the developers applications. The main characteristics of this middleware are to supply an expressive and flexible mechanism for subscriptions of interest of the application in the WSN and reusable interfaces that use technologies standard of the Web to provide interoperability between the services and applications. An initial evaluation accomplished with a prototype of some functions of the middleware. An estimate of occupation of memory in the sensor nodes was made with base in studies reported in the literature, and display that middleware projected is viable for the platform of the hardware of motes Mica 2. The mote Mica 2 is the third generation of commercial sensor nodes of the mica family motes, used to enable low energy in WSN.
Resposta do condrócito, proteoglicana, colágeno e fibronectina da cartilagem articular, após aplicação de um protocolo de imobilização, alongamento e remobilização articular
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-29)
Renner, Adriana Frias
;
Rosa, Stela Márcia Mattiello Gonçalves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1406279816228350
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7079740194427120
The function of articular cartilage depends on the chondrocytes and on the components of the extracellular matrix, which in turn may be regulated by mechanical stimuli. Thus, changes in load support may affect its composition or its structure and interfere with their functional ability to sustain and distribute loads and minimize the stresses of contact. Thus, investigations of articular cartilage components, such as chondrocyte and or matrix components are essential for prevention and treatment of arthritic disease. A greater understanding of the relationship of use / disuse and degeneration as well as the consequences of situations such as shear stress, static load or unloading can generate in this tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of chondrocytes, proteoglycan, collagen and fibronectin in articular cartilage after application of a protocol of immobilization, stretching and joint remobilization. Material and Methods: We used 36 animals divided into six groups (n = 6): immobilized (I), immobilized and stretched seven days per week (IS7), immobilized and stretched three days per week (IS3), stretched seven days per week (S7), stretched three days per week (S3) and control (C). Groups I, IS3 and AS7 underwent four weeks of immobilization of the left hind limbs. Groups IS7 and IS3, after immobilization, were subjected to three weeks of the posterior muscle stretching of the left hind leg daily or three times per week, respectively. The S3 and S7 groups remained free in the cage for 4 weeks and subsequently underwent three weeks of posterior muscle stretching of the left hind limb daily or three times per week, respectively. After these procedures, the left ankle were collected, decalcified, processed in paraffin and stained with H&E, Safranin-O, Picrossiruius Red and immunostained with fibronectin and chondroitin sulfate 4 for further analysis. Two observers evaluated parameters such as chondrocyte cloning, loss of proteoglycan content, thin and thick fibrils collagen content, intensity of staining for fibronectin and chondroitin sulfate 4. For statistical analysis we used the following tests: Kruskal Wallis and post hoc Newman Keuls: cloning and the proteoglycan content of the different groups); Duncan multiple comparison: morphometric evaluation of cellularity; ANOVA and post hoc Tukey: proportion of thin and thick fibrils of collagen. For analysis of the immunohistochemistry reactions of fibronectin and chondroitin sulfate 4 it was used nonparametric test Kruscal Wallis and post hoc Newman Keuls. In all tests the significance level was p ≤ 0.05. Results: With respect to the cellularity IS7 group showed significant increase in cellularity compared to groups I and C. The IS3 group also showed significant celullar change with the formation of chondrocyte cloning compared to groups S7, S3 and C. The most significant loss of proteoglycan was in IS7 group compared to all other groups. The I group also lost significantly more proteoglycan than the others, except for IS7 group. With respect to collagen fibrils was observed that immobilization (I) significantly reduced the thin fibrils in relation to groups IS3, S7, S3 and C. The quantity of thick fibrils was influenced by mechanical overload, as there was a significant decrease of it in all groups compared to control. With respect to the findings of the fibronectin, the groups immobilized and stretched (IS3 and IS7) had significantly higher intensity staining of fibronectin than other groups. There was no statistical difference of chondroitin sulfate 4 immunostaining among the different groups. Conclusion: The protocols of muscle stretching after immobilization, applied on alternate days and daily provoked distinct adaptive responses in articular cartilage. The immobilization stimulated tissue atrophy that when stimulated by muscle stretching on alternate days, kept some matrix components, such as fine fibrils of collagen and proteoglycan, unlike the protocol used daily. Thus we can conclude that muscle stretching applied in previously immobilized joints should be applied with caution, on alternate days of mechanical stimulation.
Desenvolvimento da agricultura orgânica no município de Mata de São João - Bahia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-29)
Viana, Leonardo Gomes
;
Stolf, Rubismar
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0303842146742277
The practice of conventional agriculture over time has left its mark in the natural environment; the saturation of the productive capacity of the land is one of its side effects. The emergence of a new perspective with respect to the model of agricultural production brought with it the opportunity to comparatively assess the strengths and weaknesses of each model and its adaptation to different contexts found. The information of the exact time of occurrence of the emergence of organic agriculture in Brazil, it is passive point and everyone agrees with the version of the emergence of Demeter Resort in Botucatu - SP, in the 70's and from there, the occurrence of emergence of other points throughout the country. In order to understand the time of onset and development of the organic agriculture in the municipality of Mata de São João Bahia, This research was developed and made using a quantitative and qualitative methodology, acquiring an exploratory descriptive feature, essential for the start of the construction on this knowledge in the state. According to the type of the research elected, was chosen the semi-structured instrument for collecting data. This instrument consists of objective questions related to the characterization of the research subjects and subjective questions drawn from the general and specific objectives with a view to answer the research question. Were considered research subjects organic producers that have properties located in the municipality of Mata de Sao Joao - Bahia, which were active and willing to participate. Results that emerged from the research brought the perception of the exact moment of the emergence of organic agriculture in the county, forms of producer s organization, the forms of trade, barriers to production and marketing and its future prospects.
Fotorreatividade e biodisponibilidade da matéria orgânica dissolvida produzida por Microcystis aeruginosa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-30)
Bittar, Thais Beraldo
;
Vieira, Armando Augusto Henriques
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4428377384377272
Photochemically and biologically mediated reactions are key processes on the transformation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in natural waters. The aims of this study were to evaluate these isolated and coupled processes over the DOM produced by the Cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa, which contributes with great amounts of biomass in the Barra Bonita Reservoir. Our results showed that photodegradation occurred, but also showed that there were cyanobacterial photoresistant molecules and photoproducts that were identified in the Reservoir s DOM. Pre exposure of the DOM released by M. aeruginosa caused decrease in bioavailability of this type of DOM due to competition, i.e., removal of the biolabile portion of the DOM by irradiation. The bioavailability of intracellular DOM was not significantly altered by pre exposure to UV radiation. Detailed chemical characterization showed that competition between photo and biodegradation and photoproduction of biolabile compounds, equilibrated negative and positive effects of irradiation on the bioavailability of the intracellular DOM.
Associação entre a presença de citocinas, medidas morfológicas articulares e controle sensório-motor de indivíduos portadores de osteoartrite grau I e II
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-30)
Say, Karina Gramani
;
Rosa, Stela Márcia Mattiello Gonçalves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1406279816228350
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5096508613057074
Dimensões da relação família-escola: programa de intervenção para professores como agentes de promoção do envolvimento parental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-30)
Pamplin, Renata Christian de Oliveira
;
Martinez, Claudia Maria Simões
Literature highlights family and school as important agents to the infant development, having special influence on child‟s learning. In this perspective, partnership between scholar and familiar systems has been seen as one of the alternatives to prevent and/or to attenuate difficulties in learning and behavioral problems presented by children at the school. Based on these assumptions and on the theoretical framework of the Bioecological Perspective on Human Development, the present study shows the need to train teachers to work with children with learning difficulties. The goal of this study was to elaborate, implement and assess an intervention program for high school teachers working with students with learning difficulties. This program enables the teachers to work with families and to increase the parental involvement in the academic activities, creating better conditions for the children to learn. In order to control the variables investigated, it was used a quasiexperimental design composed by two groups (Experimental Group GE and Control Group GC). We provided measurement of pre-test, post-test and follow-up. Overall, the study involved 180 participants. The 60 teachers, 60 parents and 60 children were divided in GE and GC groups. The program entitled Intervention Program for Teachers as Agents of Promoting Parental Involvement (PROAPEP) was consisted of 1 lecture per week during 10 weeks. The goal of PROAPEP was to provide information to teachers about the strategies to involve parental in the learning process of their children, mainly through their homework. Teachers developed practical and theoretical activities focused on the involvement of the families with their students. The instruments used to collect data from teachers, children and families were: Questionnaire (pre-test, post-test and follow-up situations, Criterion of Brazil Economic Classification, Protocol of Session Evaluation of the Intervention Program, Protocol of Final Evaluation of the Intervention Program, Parental Involvement Scale Teacher´s Perception, Parental Involvement Scale Teacher´s Practice, Home Environment Resources Scale, Rutter A2 Parent Scale, Parental Involvement Scale Practices of Families and Test of School Performance. The results were analyzed through qualitative criteria, descriptive statistics and ANOVA and MANOVA tests. The scope was to verify differences between the participants of GE and GC. We also used the pair-t test to investigate differences in the teachers‟ repertoire of the GE group between the post-test and follow-up phases. The results indicated: a) the teachers of GE group gave more importance to the parental involvement and implemented more activities than the teachers of GC group; b) the families of GE group practiced more activities related to the learning process of the children than those in GC group; c) the children of GE group had better academic performance and fewer behavioral problems compared to children of GC group; d) there was a major difference between pre-test grades and post-test grades for both groups, which indicated the improvement of the GE teachers‟ repertoire at the end of PROAPEP; and e) there was a significant differences between two of the three questions that were answered by GE teachers in the post-test and follow-up, which pointed to an increase in the repertoire of teachers even after six months elapsed from the end of PROAPEP. This way, it is possible to conclude that PROAPEP program was effective to train teachers as agents of the parental involvement in the learning process of children with difficulties. For future research, we suggest the development of studies with the randomization of participants, the monitoring the effects of long-term program and the selection of stratified samples for possible comparisons.
Otimização do cultivo de Bacillus megaterium recombinante em bateladas alimentadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-31)
Suarez, Carlos Alberto Galeano
;
Giordano, Roberto de Campos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5911055089145779
Penicillin Acylases are enzymes of great industrial importance, being used mainly for production of 6-aminopenicillanic acid, 6-APA from penicillin G. In the late 90's, its use for synthesis of β-lactam semisynthetic antibiotics began on an industrial scale, an alternative in the context of "green chemistry" to the chemical synthesis of high environmental impact. The aiming thesis was to evaluate the influence of the growth media on the strains of Bacillus megaterium that will be used in the cloning of the gene pac in own B. megaterium, aiming at a larger number of copies of the gene, thus increasing the levels of expression of the enzyme penicillin G Acylase (PGA). It was determined the main metabolites produced by strains ATCC 14945 QB 1551 and PV 361 (the latter given by Professor Patricia Vary, corresponding to the wild QB 1551 with all megaplasmids deleted, which will be cloned with enzyme PGA). Evaluated medium has some influence on the metabolism of the organism, in order to optimize the production of the enzyme in cultures of high cell concentrations. The analysis of experimental data showed the strain PV 361 reached the highest cell concentration 16,6 g / L (dry weight), in fed-batch cultivation with the SNB medium with cheese whey (10,0 g / L), compared with 12,5 g / L without the presence of whey and 9,6 g / L in the LB-B medium. In cultures in SNB medium with whey the concentration of lactic acid reached 22,1 g/L, compared with 13,2 g/L in the absence of whey. However for the LB-B medium, the main product was acetic acid with a concentration of 6,7 g /L. Kinetic parameters were calculated as μmax, Yx/s, during the fed-batch cultivations in a bioreactor in stirred tank and aerated in a bench scale (5 L and 2L). The kinetic model for growth and production of metabolites was defined from the test phase in bioreactor batch. The operation of fed-batch culture and pH control were not effective for improving the production of biomass, because it had a high lactic acid production (up to 8 g / L in phase with the batch means SNB) and acetic acid (above 6 g / L at the end of the batch with LB medium-B), concentrations that led to the inhibition of growth of the microorganism and induced its sporulation, biological phenomenon that once started is difficult to reverse and that hinders the production in high cell density (HCDC).
Produção de cefamicina C por Streptomyces clavuligerus em batelada e batelada alimentada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-31)
Bellão, Carolina
;
Badino Júnior, Alberto Colli
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9638894751959867
Cephamycin C (CephC) is a natural antibiotic produced by Streptomyces clavuligerus that presents β-lactamases resistance, enzymes that clives β-lactam of antibiotics. The aim of present work was study cephamycin production by Streptomyces clavuligerus in batch and fed-batch cultivations, in order to define important parameters as culture medium and carbon source feeding conditions for the purpose of maximize the CefC production. First the methodology of analysis of CefC was tested. Due to standard unavailability for analysis of CefC in the fermentative broths, it was evaluated the sensibility of microorganism test (Escherichia coli ESS) face other standards. It was verified that E. coli ESS strain presents super sensibility to penicillin G and cephalosporin C. Due to the presence of clavulanic acid (CA) in the both, a β-lactamase inhibitor, it was evaluated the influence of the sample treatment (acid and basic hydrolisis) on penicillin N hydrolysis by penicillinase. For an adequate CephC analysis, the results showed that both clavulanic acid and cephamycin C were degraded in acid and alkaline medium, with higher degradation was in alkaline pH. The results show that the samples should be treated only with penicillinase for the correct CephC analysis by elimination of intermediates compounds the CephC biosynthetic pathway. For the evaluation of the CephC production, firstly different culture media proposed in the literature were tested with S. clavuligerus ATCC 27064 strain in bench scale bioreactor. The best result in terms of cellular growth and CephC production (374.8 mg.L-1 em 66 h) was obtained in batch cultivation that utilized starch and cottonseed meal as carbon and nitrogen sources. The influence of carbon and nitrogen sources on CephC production was then evaluated utilizing two Streptomyces clavuligerus strains, ATCC 27064 and DSM 41826, a natural mutant indicated as higher CephC producing by literature. Glycerol and soy bean meal have showed more suitable as carbon and nitrogen sources for CephC production due probably to slow and gradual availability of nitrogen from protein hydrolysis of soy bean meal (insoluble nitrogen source). In the fed-batch cultivation utilizing glycerol or starch as carbon source, the best result in terms of CephC production (566.5 mg.L-1 in 108 h) was obtained in the fed-batch cultivation with glycerol feeding at volumetric flow rate of 0,01 L.h-1 and concentration of 177 g.L-1. In the experimental conditions tested in the fed-batch cultivations, ranging carbon source and feeding conditions, it was not possible visualize the dissociation between clavulanic acid and cephamycin productions. The higher CephC in medium with glycerol is probably associated to its favorable energetic balance and metabolization rate in relation to starch.
Processamento e caracterização de ligas amorfizáveis TiCuNiZr e TiFeCoZr
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-31)
Medeiros, Bruno Bellini
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Bolfarini, Claudemiro
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9231627080617037
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6045536501621727
Searching the development of bulk metallic glasses the research takes two directions, the development of alloys with a high glass forming ability and development of new processes or improving existing processes. In this context, the present study aimed at to evaluate the solidification processes suction and centrifugal casting, both using copper moulds. The alloys Ti34Cu36Ni8Zr22 and (TiZr)80Co12Fe8 were investigated. Fully amorphous melt spun ribbons were produced presenting good thermal parameters. However, the production of bulky samples by the foregoing processes showed that the alloys have low glass forming ability. The centrifugal casting process, despite the high cooling rate have failed to keep the chemical composition, presented turbulent filling and was unable to prevent heterogeneities that are carried from the crucible into the sample. The suction process showed high cooling rate with a good combination of appropriate mould filling, maintenance of chemical composition and to avoid the presence of heterogeneities in a satisfactory manner. Both processes kept the oxygen level at satisfactory values, below 1000 ppm. Comparing with the arc melting process using copper crucible, the suction casting process decreased slightly, in average, the oxygen levels. On the other hand, the centrifugal casting process increased slightly the contamination by oxygen.