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Germinação, conservação, produção de mudas e tolerância à inundação da Vochysia divergens Pohl
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-14)
Fernandez, José Ricardo Castrillon
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Perez, Sonia Cristina Juliano Gualtieri de Andrade
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9973185407856723
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8022519807090933
The Vochysia divergens Pohl is an arboreal species of the genus Vochysiaceae, widely distributed in the wetlands of Barão de Melgaço, Poconé and Paraguay across the river Paraguay, usually associated with places that suffer from periodic flooding. Is distributed on an aggregate, forming uniform vegetation types, called cambarazais. Although considered a weed of native grasslands, with potential medicinal, ornamental, and timber melífero. This study examined aspects of germination, storage, vigor, seedling production and survival in an environment flooded. Tests for selection of substrates for germination, indicate that on paper substrates, from paper, roll paper and vermiculite, are effective. The sand substrate was inadequate to conduct tests of germination for this species. To determine the conditions conducive to maintaining the viability of the seeds were tested the packaging in plastic, paper and cans, stored in refrigerator, cold room and under natural conditions. Wrapping in plastic bags or in cans and stored in refrigerator, facilitate the maintenance of seed viability for periods greater than 360 days. To evaluate the efficiency of the accelerated aging test in detecting changes in force, the seeds were incubated in a moist chamber at 41, 43 and 45ºC during the time 12, 24, 36, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144 and 168 hours. After the period of exposition to stress, were conducted germination tests, and temperature 45°C and 72 hours, an efficient combination to verify changes in force. For the production of lantana seedlings were tested three substrate compositions for filling containers such tubes, as follows: commercial substrate, commercial substrate + 20% vermiculite and land area of occurrence of lantana. The results of height, diameter, dry matter indicate that the use of land area cambará fostered the growth of plants for six months. But the use of commercial substrate or with a mixture of vermiculite keeps the plants for only 30 days and is not recommended under these conditions for use in the production of seedlings of this species. To evaluate the tolerance to flooding, lantana plants were subjected to quotas flooding that ranged from zero to 204,5 cm in a hydroperiod in the wetland. The results indicate a survival rate of 30,9% of the plants, when subjected to a maximum level of inundation of 2.04 cm, and 82 days for 73 days without light. Flooding for 32 days with maximum quota of up to 84,5 cm, not interfere with the survival of lantana plants.
Avaliação da diversidade arbórea das ilhas do rio Paraguai, entre Cáceres e Estação Ecológica de Taiamã, Pantanal Matogrossense, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-14)
Castrillon, Solange Kimie Ikeda
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Silva, Carolina Joana da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5253872582067659
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3373034135331436
Several studies have evaluated the mechanisms that determine the different landscapes in the Pantanal, there are multiple factors that are working together on the islands of the Pantanal contributing to the maintenance of its current state. Surveys have been conducted on six islands in the river between Paraguay and Cáceres Taiamã Ecological Station, Pantanal, comparing the diversity of islands from two geomorphological processes: from the rupture of the neck of meander and sedimentation. This study aimed to determine the effects of soil characteristics and flood levels in tree diversity. The samples consisted of 22 plots per island of 10m by 20m down the center and edge, and depositional and eroded sides of the islands. The topographical differences between the plots were measured from the River. We recorded 40 species belonging to 34 genera and 21 families. The indices of Shannon- Weaver diversity ranged from H 'from 1.08 to 2.77. The floristic communities were distinct between the islands of different origins, which are subjected to different periods of flooding. The islands formed by breaking the neck of meander abundace and have higher species richness. The soils of the islands, had an average of clayey to very clayey. The group formed by the most frequent and abundant species in the islands were positively correlated with soil properties that were high on the islands, such as magnesium and saturation of magnesium, and aluminum, clay and silte.O center of the islands is subject to a period of more flooding . There were differences in height between local depositional and erosion occurred in five islands, and the erosional side is higher than the deposition
Estudo da preparação e das propriedades estruturais de catalisadores para a transformação do metano em gás de síntese e hidrocarbonetos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-15)
Mortola, Vanessa Bongalhardo
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Bueno, José Maria Corrêa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0157452280626031
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3939812040651166
Pt catalysts supported on CeO2-La2O3-Al2O3, with different mixed oxide compositions, and CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3, prepared using three different routes, were synthesized by sol gel technique. The samples were characterized using thermal analysis, N2 adsorption, X-ray diffraction, diffusive reflectance spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of CO adsorption and high resolution transmission electronic microscopy. The Pt dispersion was determined from the data of cyclohexane dehydrogenation rate. In situ temperature programmed reduction and Xray absorption near edge structure using redox treatments were performed trying to find a better understanding for the sample behaviors in the reaction conditions. The catalysts were evaluated in the steam reforming and partial oxidation of methane. In the Pt/CeO2-La2O3-Al2O3 catalysts, the substitution of La for Ce caused a higher stability of CeIII in the alumina structure and higher metal electron density. The oxidation at high temperature caused the Pt agglomeration, on the other hand the reduction treatment lead to a support re-dispersion. The mixed oxides samples with elevated ceria content showed higher activity in the steam reforming and partial oxidation of methane. This behavior was attributed to the ability of promoting the gasification of coke. For the Pt/CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3 samples, the solid solution between CeO2 and ZrO2 was dependent on the calcination temperature. Phase segregation was observed for the sample calcined at 950ºC, which decreased the catalytic activity. It was attributed to a smaller O* mobility in this sample.
Diversidade genética em Dourado (Salminus brasiliensis Curvier,1816), uma espécie de grande interesse comercial no Pantanal Mato-grossense
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-18)
Freitas, Lívia Alice de Carvalho Mondin de
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Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478
Salminus brasiliensis is a migratory fish which is distributed in all parts of the rio de la Plata Basin. The Dourado is called the king of the river . It´s one of the most sought after fish by amateur and/or professional fishermen. However, in some regions it is considered to be a vulnerable species. Recent reports have shown the existence of some populations of migratory fish that are genetically structured in the same basin. Considering that the evaluation of variability and genetic structure in natural populations is of great importance for conservation of this species, this study has the objective of examining this question in the populations of S. brasilienses in the region of the Pantanal in Mato Grosso by verifying the existence or not of the genetic structure by means of markers of mitochondrial DNA. Later a phylogeographic approach was carried out to investigate the aspect of genetic evolution of this group of fish, its distribution in all the basin and its relation with the history of the formation of the basins- the relation between the Pantanal, the Parana and Uruguay Rivers Basins. The results shown high genetic diversity and absence of genetic structure, suggesting gene flow between populations of north and south of the Pantanal, probably facilitated by the migratory ability of the species and by the structural characteristics of the region. The presence of shared rare haplotypes evidences this pattern even though exclusive variants occur in each river studied. In relation to the phylogeographic aspects of the group in the limits of the basin of the Rio de la Plata, an old historical contact was verified between the sub-basin of the Parana and Upper Paraguay Rivers, probably occurring at the moment of the formation of the Pantanal. However, analyses has disclosed a current genetic distance between the populations of Dourado in these two areas. Genetic structure was only observed in the Parana River Basin. The Uruguay River Basin and the Pantanal demonstrate genetic similarity. However, it is important to continue evaluation and monitoring of genetic diversity of the natural populations of Dourado to confirm if with other molecular markers if the same pattern will occur as the on in the Pantanal and in the other regions that have been analyzed.
Morfoanatomia do fruto de açaí em função do teor de água utilizando microscopia óptica e microtomografia de raios-X
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-18)
Ribeiro, Gisele Vieira
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Pessoa, José Dalton Cruz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4212703554284544
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3390309188958624
Tendo em vista a escassez literária referente a frutos de açaí (Euterpe oleracea - Mart.), este trabalho foi desenvolvido com ênfase anatômica, recorrendo a técnicas usuais de microscopia de luz e microtomografia de raios-X. Foi descrita a flor masculina e principalmente o desenvolvimento dos frutos de açaí em diferentes estádios de maturação. Durante a maturação destes foi observada a presença de compostos fenólicos presentes no parênquima externo, no caso, antocianinas. As células do endocarpo, que inclusive se projetam para dentro do endosperma, também acumulam compostos fenólicos. Na região intermediária do mesocarpo há um parênquima de reserva, contendo glóbulos lipídicos. Internamente a este, há uma grande quantidade de monostelos (sistema vascular) e, externamente, uma camada de esclerênquima. Após a colheita dos frutos observou-se que sua exposição à temperatura ambiente após 24 horas pode causar efeitos prejudiciais a sua estrutura. Tais alterações causadas pela desidratação dos tecidos foram analisadas através da microtomografia de raios- X. Este método foi eficaz e não destrutivo, preservando a integridade das amostras. Pela técnica de microscopia de luz, haveria dúvida se as alterações seriam causadas pela desidratação ou se seriam artefato de técnica. Nos tecidos dos frutos submetidos à desidratação foram identificadas rupturas e retrações, que causaram efeitos irreversíveis a estrutura interna, com perda de aproximadamente 5% de massa fresca. Ambos os métodos utilizados para a identificação estrutural dos frutos de açaí foram eficazes. As técnicas de microscopia de luz contribuíram para o melhor reconhecimento dos tecidos durante a posterior análise pela microtomografia de raios-X. Através das observações realizadas nas imagens microtomográficas, considerou-se que os efeitos poderiam interferir no processo de despolpamento dos frutos de açaí. Assim os frutos foram submetidos aos processos de desidratação, hidratação e posterior extração do mesocarpo. Foram obtidos valores máximos de rendimento em frutos que tiveram variação de massa fresca com aproximadamente -3% e posteriormente reidratados. Valores próximos de -5% desestruturaram significativamente o mesocarpo, diminuindo os valores de rendimento. Contudo, as desidratações amenas com variação de massa fresca de aproximadamente -3% e posterior imersão dos frutos em água até saturação aumentam consideravelmente os valores de rendimento, obtendo-se assim valores máximos de massa despolpada.
Utilização de uma abordagem híbrida System Dynamics- Factory Physics para a investigação do efeito de ações de melhoria contínua na redução do lead time
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-18)
Guimarães, Alyne de Andrade
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Godinho Filho, Moacir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6136685270563354
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0385394683867028
Nowadays, with the competitive environment dominating the world scene, companies need to be alert to continuous improvement opportunities. In this scene lead time reduction arises as one of the greatest goal to be accomplished. Within this context, the main goal of this research is to study the effect of continuous improvement in shop floor variables (such as variability, setup time, defect rate, among others) on lead time reduction for two productive environments: one with single machine and another flow shop environment. This is done using a quantitative model, which uses a hybrid System Dynamics factory Physics approach. This model was created by Godinho Filho and Uzsoy (2008a, 2008b, 2009). In this research this single machine model is extended by means of adding more workstations in order to create flow shop environment. Besides to the main goal, this research has the following specifics goals: (1) Check if the results found by Godinho Filho e Uzsoy (2008a, 2008b, 2009) are the same for scenes with different characteristics of productive system. (2) Determine if the positive effect in lead time of a continuous improvement action in the shop floor variables is sensitive to characteristics of productive system. If so, how is the relationship between the improvement action and the productive system. (3)Compare the results related with the two previous objectives for the single machine and flow shop cases. The results found in this research proved that conclusions made by Godinho Filho e Uzsoy (2008a, 2008b, 2009) are robusts for different characteristics of productive system in the single machine and flow shop environments studied in this research. In simulated scenes for these environments, the continuous improvements actions in processing time variability and setup time are the most effective in lead time reduction. Furthermore, the positive effect made by the improvement action in lead time is proved sensitive to almost the same characteristics of productive system for single machine and flow shop environments. For these environments, improvement actions in time to failures and repair time are the most sensitive to different characteristics and the most appropriate in productive systems with negative characteristics (e.g. high setup times, high processing time variability, among others). Results generated by quantitative model in this research were analyzed using design of experiments to obtain conclusions.
Gestão competitiva em empresas brasileiras: a prática da estratégia por meio de suas visões, ferramentas e atores do processo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-18)
Maia, Jonas Lucio
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Alves Filho, Alceu Gomes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7885557554922569
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0078457646573985
The complexity assigned to the strategy term has been largely discussed in the literature. The large amount of theoretical contributions to this issue, brought by several knowledge areas; the different tools proposed by academicians and consultants to operationalize its concepts, the plurality of actors that play their roles inside the organizational field are just some examples of the building blocks of such complexity. Also relevant to this discussion is the movement named Strategy as Practice , initiated by European researchers in order to bring a sociological focus to organizational strategies, considering them as something a company does instead of something a company has. Thus, the main goal of this thesis is to identify and compare how Brazilian companies actually practice their competitive strategy, and to what extent/in which way such practice is aligned with the main firm s idiosyncratic variables and with their competitive environments. In order to achieve such goal, this work took advantage of a mixed research method, with a survey with companies listed on Brazilian Stock Exchange and six case studies. Concerning industry perception and company praxis, the main findings indicate that: (1) the internal and external views of competitive advantage are, indeed, perceived as complementary regarding firm strategies; (2) even in more traditional industries, companies perceive their environment as dynamic, due to companies´ mobility, group consolidations or internal rivalry; (3) even in industry with high barriers to entry, firms regularly adopt a surveillance approach to monitor newcomers; (4) innovation tends to be more focused on process than on products, and there is a gap between intended and implemented innovation; (5) the perception of resources and competences spread throughout company networks suggests that controlling these resources may be more important than owning them; (6) at least in the studied companies, low relevance has been assigned to knowledge as a strategic advantage. Regarding strategy practices: (7) an annual strategy planning cycle takes place, focused on formulation activities and perceived as static in nature; (8) workshops and performance meetings were the most often identified strategic events; (9) strategy tools were perceived as highly effective and mainly targeted at structuring analysis and ensuring strategy implementation, with special emphasis to the abundance of financial tools and lack of creativity ones. Concluding, concerning practitioners: (10) it could by empirically identified the existence of an organizational structure responsible for companies strategic planning, generally close to financial areas; (11) those generally involved in strategic activities show a primarily analytical profile, with low presence of women; (12) senior executives have developed their careers mainly inside the company or inside the industry, with relevant business knowledge, while middle management plays its role by implementing decisions made by high executives; (13) consultancies tend to be highly used, and their recontracting is contingent upon the patterns of their involvement in the strategy process; (14) business press has been assigned low relevance, being substituted in some cases by financial releases or by information from industry entities.
WOntoVLab: um processo para autoria de laboratórios virtuais baseado em workflows e ontologias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-21)
Cugler, Daniel Cintra
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Santos, Marilde Terezinha Prado
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9826026025118073
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6695618899739556
Virtual laboratories can be used by educational institutions to facilitate and enrich the learning of specific procedures, however they can be also used by industry in demonstrations, tests and trainings. Laboratorial practices are normally performed in physical laboratories, but sometimes it is necessary to afford a great amount of money to acquire apparatuses and physical space to build them. In this context, virtual laboratories have been used as a solution at less cost to provide environments that support the simulation of experiments in computers. However, in order to provide such an environment, it is recommended that users not only create experiments that require the accomplishment of a protocol (guide), but also be able to identify different possibilities of execution of a same task, considering similar apparatuses and procedures. In this context, it is defined in this research the WOntoVLab, a virtual laboratory authorship process based on workflows and ontologies that performs recommendations of apparatuses in the authorship process and also represents experiment protocols based on semantic vocabulary and alternative steps. It is also detailed a estudy case performed in the molecular biology domain, focused in the DNA extraction experiment. The study case is performed using the virtual laboratory prototype developed, which is totally based in the WOntoVLab process. Lastly, it is mentioned the contributions of this research: the WOntoVLab process, WPF framework and WPF-WS framework.
O uso de informações semânticas do PALAVRAS : em busca do aprimoramento da seleção de unidades textuais correferentes na sumarização automática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-21)
Tomazela, Élen Cátia
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Rino, Lúcia Helena Machado
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0315640846525832
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5260837297000438
This dissertation aims at presenting a theoretical heuristic model which not only takes into consideration the Veins Theory, but also semantic information obtained from the Parser PALAVRAS to improve the selection of correferential textual units to be included in automatic summaries. Based on the analysis of the problems presented by VeinSum, an automatic summarizer, two main issues have been raised: the necessity of improving its summaries salience and reducing their size so that they suit the compression rate more adequately. Better results can be achieved through the elimination of irrelevant textual units although the summaries referential clarity may not be damaged. Heuristics based on the semantic information have then been proposed. Despite the semantic annotation inconsistencies, all the noun phrases that compose the Summ-it Corpus have been post-edited manually, which increases the credibility of the heuristics. Eleven texts from the corpus have been analysed and the results obtained are satisfactory, although a wider study would be required to better evaluate the results of this proposal.
Hipoelipticidade global de campos vetoriais no toro TN
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-21)
Nascimento, Moisés Aparecido do
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Santos, Luís Antônio Carvalho dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5936461714940890
In this work, we will see that if the transpose operator of a smooth real vector field L defined on the N-dimensional torus, regarded as a linear differential operator with coefficients in C1(TN), is globally hypoelliptic, then there exists a vector field with constant coefficients L0 such that L and L0 are C1-conjugated, with such constants satisfying a condition called Diofantina (*). We will also show the converse of this fact, that is, if there is a coordinate system such that in this new system L has constant coefficients with such constant satisfying the Diophantine condition (*) then its transpose L* is globally hypoelliptic. We will see that the Diophantine condition implies that the flow generated by the field, regarded as a Dynamical system is minimal.
Descrição de estratégias educacionais entre estudantes de fisioterapia e deficientes físicos favorecedores de adesão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-22)
Soares, Monica da Silva Trabuco
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Reis, Maria de Jesus Dutra dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4583927932887522
The physical disabilities impact the individual's life, affecting it in different ways. Disabled people in rehabilitation treatment brings a broad history of extinction of previously reinforced repertoire, coupled with the experience of aversive restrictive conditions, and the actual practice of intervention exposure to repetitive activities and challenging new ones that may even produce pain. Thus it is essential that professionals responsible for such intervention are able to model and maintain new behaviors that lead to the promotion of wellness and a better utilization of the potential of individuals, and thus ensure better patient compliance to treatment. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the use of educational strategies for professionals in training and possible indicators of adherence to treatment offered by them. This study had two objectives. The first was to identify the use of educational strategies by the students of physiotherapy, the second was to identify situations where the use of these strategies would be related to adherence to physical therapy or not. Participants were three dyads physiotherapy student / patient, composed of three graduate trainees in physical therapy and two adults with physical disabilities. The study was conducted with the unit of care in public health, linked to a public university in the State of São Paulo. Intervention sessions the physiotherapist were recorded in full by a camera equipment installed in the attendancing room. The interaction between the student-patient dyad was analyzed by observing instances of verbal and nonverbal behaviors emitted by the students and patients. The record of the events took place at intervals of 10 seconds of observation and 10 seconds to register. The behaviors analyzed were divided into two broad sets of categories: (1) Educational Strategies for the intervention and (2) Strategies Facilitators of Adherence. The results regarding the Educational Strategies showed that 87% of the occurrence of the same referred to the instructions, oral or demonstration of physical activities proposed. The use of educational strategies to promote change, setting performances by modeling or general information on health occurred at low frequency. The categories relating to the membership seems to indicate that the physical therapist in training issues in favor of joining behaviors (98%) focused more on an effort to maintain socially reinforcing relationship with the patient. The discussion shows that although physiotherapy students demonstrate mastery of strategies that strengthen the therapeutic relationship, we must emphasize the need to strengthen the training of occupational therapy in early learning and the establishment of educational strategies in the course of their work together the disabled, to ensure the maintenance of behavior modeling and compatible with new conditions of learning.
Efeitos do laser terapêutico e do ultrassom pulsado de baixa intensidade na expressão de genes relacionados à diferenciação celular durante o processo de reparo ósseo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-22)
Pípi, Elaine Fávaro
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Renno, Ana Claudia Muniz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4106611304688552
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2598282475781316
Fractures of delayed consolidation and fractures with non-union are commonly found in medical practice and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Within this context, biochemical and biophysical resource have been studied in an attempt enhance bone healing. Among these may be highlighted the use of low level laser therapy (LLLT) and low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS). Several studies suggest that both resources are able to stimulate osteogenesis at the fracture site, promoting a greater deposition of bone mass and accelerating the process of bone healing. However, despite a series of biomechanical and radiographic evidence of the effectiveness of LLLT and LIPUS in the bone repair, the celullar and molecular mechanisms that regulate and modulate the acceleration of the fracture consolidation are unknown. So the main purpouse of the present work was to measure the effects of LLLT and LIPUS in the expression of osteogenic genes during the process of bone healing and to extend prior histological description after a bone created defect on of the tibiae in rats. For the study 90 male Wistar rats were underwent surgery for creation of bone defects in both tibias. The animals were randomly distributed into three groups: control group ( bone defect without treatment), bone defect treated with LLLT and bone defect treated with LIPUS. Each group were divided into 3 different subgroups (n=10) that received 3,6 and 12 sessions of treatment, and after 24 hours of each session was the euthanasia of animals on days 7, 13 and 25 days after surgery, respectively at each treatment session. Both tibias were removed and subjected to protocols for histological analysis and gene expression analysis by real time real time PCR. Was observed in the qualitative histological analysis that the animals treated with LLLT showed a greater area of new bone formation within 7, 13, 25 days. Furthermore, morphometric analysis demonstrated increased bone tissue only in animals treated with LLLT in 13 and 25 days. It was verified an increase in mRNA levels of BMP4 in the 13 days of the LLLT group and the ALP, Runx2 and BMP4 in 25 days after the application of LLLT and LIPUS, and the mRNA of ALP was more expressed in the LLLT group . We conclude that LLLT stimulates bone formation by increasing the mRNA expression of BMP4 in the 13 days and the ALP in the 25 days.
Proposta de modelo de estrutura do custo logístico do escoamento da soja brasileira para o mercado externo: o caso do Mato Grosso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-22)
Kussano, Marilin Ribeiro
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Batalha, Mario Otávio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015001063418091
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4561352383651237
Soybean is one of the most important commodities in Brazil, contributing positively to the growth in Brazilian trade balance. Although the country has strong comparative advantages in relation to land availability, productivity, and costs of production, these competitive advantages start to weaken whilst the product is burden by poor logistics infrastructure in Brazil. All logistical bottlenecks are reflected in costs for the producer and loss of competitiveness for Brazil. However, it is of paramount importance to be acquainted with the logistics structure and its bottlenecks as well as fixing the costs associated with the movement of goods and their further quantification seeking to propose solutions in order to minimize costs and losses. This paper aimed to define a logistics cost framework of the soybean crop logistics flow to cover the external demand. Secondly, it has also sought to stimulate a debate on the characteristics of soybean product and its logistics process. The proposed model presented herein was applied in three supply flows taking into account both unimodal and intermodal routes. The adoption of such a method has encouraged debates about critical issues including the intermodality. Thus, this paper demonstrates that, due to a number of factors, it is not always beneficial the logistics flow employing a range of modals.
Comparação dos processos de eletrodeposição de íons cobre usando reatores de leito fluidizado e leito de jorro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-22)
Martins, Rosimeire
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Ruotolo, Luís Augusto Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8550247962242598
In this work was studied the process of removal of ions has covered simulated effluent gifts in watery having used electrochemical reactor of fluidized stream bed and of stream bed of I gush out whose porous cathodes were composites for conducting copper particles. Applying an factorial planning Box-Behnken the effect of the electric chain had been studied, electrolyte concentration have supported and expansion of the stream bed for the electrode of fluidized stream bed and the effect of the electric chain, thickness of the reactor, distance of the central canal and the electrolyte concentration has supported for the electrode of stream bed of gushes out on the efficiency of chain (EC), income space-time (YC) and energy consumption (CE) of the process for both the reactors. The results had been analyzed statistical and the effect of each variable on the studied answers was made using reply surfaces. It was verified that for the electrode of fluidized stream bed all the studied variable are influential as much in linear terms, quadratic and interactive. The electrolyte concentration was the variable most significant in all the 0 variable reply, while for ECC and YC, was observed that the expansion did not have a significant effect when was applied a chain of 4,0A, however, case had a great increase of the energy consumption in this. For the current greater the increase of the expansion caused a great increase of the ECC and the YC, which had mainly to the improvement of the mass transport; in the case of the energy consumption, also it had a reduction of its value almost that for the half. The condition of excellent for the process of electroplating in ELF is of bigger electrolyte concentration has supported current greater and bigger expansion. In these conditions a high value of ECC and YC occurs simultaneously, with a low value of CEC still considered. In the case of the ELJ, the independent variable distance of the central canal, did not influence in the behavior of the variable reply, indicating that the tax of solid circulation did not have influence on the process. The thickness of the electrode was very significant, being that an increase of the ECC occurs for lesser thicknesses and current greaters that an increase of the income of the electrochemical reactor in terms of the electroplating promotes. The best conditions of process that simultaneously optimize the ECC, YC and CEC for ELJ, are of current greater, lesser thickness of stream bed and greater electrolyte concentration has supported.
Estudo da oxidação superficial do copolímero propileno/etileno durante o tratamento corona e sua influência no comportamento de termosoldagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-23)
Mazzola, Nícolas Cardoso
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Canevarolo Júnior, Sebastião Vicente
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4153664441338178
Different ethylene-propylene copolymers (Ziegler-Natta and Metallocene) were exposed to corona discharge and analyzed by spectroscopic, morphological and fractionation techniques. Effects of different treatment configurations (types of electrodes and polarity of treatment) were explored, as well as the relationships between molecular configurations and corona discharge effects. Using FTIR, CRYSTAF, DSC and SEC techniques, the differences among the samples on ethylene content, stereo-defects and crystalline phases were identified. Measures of AFM, contact angle, XPS and FTIR-ATR were used to analyze the surface modification - energy, composition and topography - caused by the corona treatment. The results show that surface energy levels increase with the introduction of polar groups (hydroxyl, carbonyl and insaturations) forming a second phase with different elastic response during AFM measurement. The heat sealing behavior for the copolymers was measured by testing heat seal and hot tack. Theses results demonstrated dependence on the melting behavior of materials and molecular weight distribution of each sample. The films after corona treatment were sealed and the main difference observed was a changing on the failure mechanism, going from cohesive to delamination. The heat seal and hot tack maximum resistance dropped for all treated but the hot tack values for low temperatures increased, indicating the existence of polar interactions on the surface. Finally, the technique of fractionation by DSC / SSA demonstrated to be an important tool to correlate heat seal properties and melting behavior of propylene based materials. Cumulated heating enthalpy presented a good fit with values from conventional heat seal tests regarding heat seal initiation temperature.
Efeitos da microcistina-LR (Microcystis aeruginosa) sobre parâmetros cardio-respiratórios de tilápia-do-nilo (Oreochromis niloticus)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-23)
Martins, Nathan Dias
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Kalinin, Ana Lúcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5493936744279888
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8750681952201253
Cyanobacteria, in favorable conditions can form large superficial masses of green color called blooms. Some genera of cyanobacteria are producing toxins, and during the bloom, there may be risks of contamination of water bodies and thus of those organisms that depends on this. Among the toxins produced by cyanobacteria, stands the microcystin. This type of toxin has pronounced effects on the liver, although it may show its effects in several organs. Moreover, it is the cyanotoxin which is more widely distributed in various types of ecosystems. The aim of this study was to examine the cardiorespiratory responses of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, in control situation and 48 h after intraperitoneal injection of microcystin-LR (MC-LR - 100 μg.Kg-1 body weight) submitted to gradual hypoxia. Exposure to MC-LR decreased metabolic rate ( VO2 ) and significantly increased the critical O2 tension (PcO2), reducing the ability to maintain constant the 2 VO . The gill ventilation (Vg) increased significantly and progressively in both experimental groups in order to maintain 2 VO during hypoxia. Both groups showed the same pattern of respiratory response, while increases in G V& were characterized by increases in tidal volume (VT), while respiratory frequency (fR) remained little changed. However the magnitude of this response was markedly lower in the group exposed to MC-LR, showing that the toxin somehow interfered in the homeostasis of the animal preventing it from developing a respiratory response normal. The MC-LR also reduced the ability to extract O2 during acute hypoxia, probably due to its action injuring the gill tissues of infected animals. Heart rate (fH) was significantly reduced by microcystin-LR in all the experimental concentrations of O2. The control group developed bradycardia only in tension of 10 mmHg, while the group exposed to MC-LR has exhibited such a response to 20 mmHg. The direct effect of MC-LR on the cardiac tissue was probably the cause of the decrease in heart rate in the exposed group compared to the control and relative to their normoxic values. Together, the results of this study showed that exposure to MC-LR reduces the chances of survival of the species studied in hypoxic environments.
Cineastas e a formação da ANCINE (1999-2003)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-24)
Alvarenga, Marcus Vinícius Tavares de
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Sá Neto, Arthur Autran Franco de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5055550097454248
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7090306559784074
This paper studies the Brazilian cinematography corporation political joint between 1999 and 2003. Starting from fiscal renounce model crisis in the national film production, wherein the dialog narrowing between filmmakers and the State led to the creation of the National Cinema Agency (Ancine), which generated the cinematographic group split concerning the agency link in the federal organization chart. In this context, I analyze the problems showed by the filmmakers to the sector sustainability and the possible solutions for this, including its limitations inside the scenario involving the cinematographic corporation, the State, the foreign distribution companies and national broadcasting companies. To do this research, it was used books, articles, internet site information, congress documents, federal legislation and interviews to set up the Brazilian cinema political joint development and its problems to execute the sector demands oriented to the sustainability.
A conjectura de Zariski para a multiplicidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-24)
Carvalho, Emílio de
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Tomazella, João Nivaldo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0051564735964760
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1470194346779040
In his retiring Presidential address to the American Mathematical Society in 1971, Zariski proposed some questions in the Theory of Singularities. One of them concerns the topological invariance of the multiplicity of complex hypersurfaces. In more accurate terms, Zariski asked: if two complex hypersurfaces are homeomorphic as embedded varieties, then are their multiplicities at the origin the same? The multiplicity of a complex hypersurface at the origin is the number of points of intersection of the hypersurface with a generic complex line passing close to the origin, but not through it. The problem still remains unsolved. However, there are some special cases which were answered affirmatively, such as the case of homeomorphic hypersurfaces by a bilipschitz homeomorphism. This work aims at understanding the main results settled for the problem. In the present dissertation, we will make a precise concept of multiplicity of a complex hypersurface and we will give special emphasis to C1-invariance of the multiplicity, bilipschitz invariance and quasihomogeneous hypersurfaces. Besides having great importance by themselves, these cases bring their own interpretations of multiplicity helping us to understand better such an object.
Modelo de mistura padrão com tempo de falha exponencial e censura informativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-25)
Freitas, Luiz Antonio de
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Rodrigues, Josemar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4359114733394761
In this work we consider the long-term survival model introduced by Berkson & Gage (1952), for modeling survival data of nonhomogeneous populations, where a subpopulation does not present the event of interest, despite a long follow-up period. The cure rate models presented in the literature usually are developed under the assumption that censorship is noninformative. In the usual survival models Lawless (1982) considers that the variable of censoring is informative if its density function and its distribution function involve some parameter of interest. We propose a new definition of informative censoring in a similar way. This de_nition is extended for the unified long-term survival models (Rodrigues et al., 2009). Moreover, we verify, with simulated data, the impact caused by informative censoring in the coverage probabilities and in the lengths of asymptotic confidence intervals of the parameters of interest. A Bayesian approach with Jeffreys prior is also proposed. An example with real data is analysed.
Respostas cardiorrespiratórias do teleósteo de respiração aérea, Clarias gariepinus, exposto à hipóxia gradual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-25)
Belão, Thiago de Campos
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Rantin, Francisco Tadeu
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3546242299713690
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8876132456472368
Air-breathing fish are classified as obligatory (when breathing obligatory atmospheric air independently of the water O2 tension) or facultative air-breather (using an air breathing organ ABO -, when theirs gills are not able to extract all O2 necessary to maintain the aerobic mechanisms under hypoxic conditions). The catfish, Clarias gariepinus, is airbreathing fish that shows modifications on the gill lamella, forming a ventilatory fan, and on the 2o e 4o gill arches, forming an arborescent organ. These structures form the ABO of this specie.The objectives of the present study were: 1. To determine if C. gariepinus is an obligatory or a facultative air breather. 2. To analyze the cardio-respiratory responses ( VO2 - metabolic rate; VG - gill ventilation; VT ventilatory volume; fR respiratory frequency; EO2 O2 extraction from the ventilatory current; fH- heart frequency) in response to progressive hypoxia. 3. To verify if the critical O2 tension (PcO2) of this specie is correlated with the O2 uptake from the atmospheric air.To classify the air-breathing mode of C. Gariepinus, the fish (Wt ~ 350 g; n = 7) were maintained in normoxia during 24 hours without access to air. The fR maintained constant during all the experiment and there was no mortality, indicating that C. gariepinus is a facultative air-breather. To analyze the cardio-respiratory responses to progressive hypoxia, VO2 , EO2, fR, VT, VG , EO2 and fH were recorded under the following water O2 tensions(PwO2): 100, 70, 50 e 30 mmHg. Fish maintained a constant VO2 until the PcO2 (~ 55 mmHg), below which VO2 decreased significantly. This decreasing was followed with the significant reduction of EO2 in PinspO2 of 62,7 ± 1,30 mmHg reaching values of 19,6 ± 1,9 % in severe hypoxia. The VG and the VT increased progressively until PinspO2 of 28,0 ± 0,5 mmHg, reaching highest values of, respectively, 1545,7 ± 63,5 mLH2O.kg-1.min-1, 33,9 ± 0,8 mLH2O.Kg-1.resp-1 e 57,2 ± 1,4 resp.min-1. The fH reduced progressively from 43,4 ± 0,4 bpm, in normóxia, arriving significant values just above the PcO2 and reaching minimum values (19,2 ± 3,0 bpm) in severe hypoxia. Under progressive hypoxia (100, 70, 50, 30 e 20 mmHg) and with the access to the atmospheric air, C. gariepinus (Wt ~ 610 g; n = 9) presented a 5-fold increase in the air-breathing frequency (fRA). A bradycardia was observed just before the air breath and a tachycardia just after.Concluding, C. gariepinus is a continuous facultative air-breathing fish that regulate the 2 O V until the PcO2 of ~54 mmHg. Below this tension fish increase the VG mainly due to a larger increase of VT (lower metabolic cost of VG ). The hypoxic pre-air breath bradycardia is characteristic of aquatic breathers while the post-air breath tachycardia is typical of air respirators. The fRA increased proportionally with the progressive hypoxia, mainly just above the PcO2. These results show that C. gariepinus is adapted to survive at hypoxic habitats and that this species show a higher dependence of the atmospheric air than the others facultative air-breathing fishes.