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Descrição de estratégias educacionais entre estudantes de fisioterapia e deficientes físicos favorecedores de adesão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-22)
Soares, Monica da Silva Trabuco
;
Reis, Maria de Jesus Dutra dos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4583927932887522
The physical disabilities impact the individual's life, affecting it in different ways. Disabled people in rehabilitation treatment brings a broad history of extinction of previously reinforced repertoire, coupled with the experience of aversive restrictive conditions, and the actual practice of intervention exposure to repetitive activities and challenging new ones that may even produce pain. Thus it is essential that professionals responsible for such intervention are able to model and maintain new behaviors that lead to the promotion of wellness and a better utilization of the potential of individuals, and thus ensure better patient compliance to treatment. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the use of educational strategies for professionals in training and possible indicators of adherence to treatment offered by them. This study had two objectives. The first was to identify the use of educational strategies by the students of physiotherapy, the second was to identify situations where the use of these strategies would be related to adherence to physical therapy or not. Participants were three dyads physiotherapy student / patient, composed of three graduate trainees in physical therapy and two adults with physical disabilities. The study was conducted with the unit of care in public health, linked to a public university in the State of São Paulo. Intervention sessions the physiotherapist were recorded in full by a camera equipment installed in the attendancing room. The interaction between the student-patient dyad was analyzed by observing instances of verbal and nonverbal behaviors emitted by the students and patients. The record of the events took place at intervals of 10 seconds of observation and 10 seconds to register. The behaviors analyzed were divided into two broad sets of categories: (1) Educational Strategies for the intervention and (2) Strategies Facilitators of Adherence. The results regarding the Educational Strategies showed that 87% of the occurrence of the same referred to the instructions, oral or demonstration of physical activities proposed. The use of educational strategies to promote change, setting performances by modeling or general information on health occurred at low frequency. The categories relating to the membership seems to indicate that the physical therapist in training issues in favor of joining behaviors (98%) focused more on an effort to maintain socially reinforcing relationship with the patient. The discussion shows that although physiotherapy students demonstrate mastery of strategies that strengthen the therapeutic relationship, we must emphasize the need to strengthen the training of occupational therapy in early learning and the establishment of educational strategies in the course of their work together the disabled, to ensure the maintenance of behavior modeling and compatible with new conditions of learning.
Efeitos do laser terapêutico e do ultrassom pulsado de baixa intensidade na expressão de genes relacionados à diferenciação celular durante o processo de reparo ósseo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-22)
Pípi, Elaine Fávaro
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Renno, Ana Claudia Muniz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4106611304688552
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2598282475781316
Fractures of delayed consolidation and fractures with non-union are commonly found in medical practice and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Within this context, biochemical and biophysical resource have been studied in an attempt enhance bone healing. Among these may be highlighted the use of low level laser therapy (LLLT) and low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS). Several studies suggest that both resources are able to stimulate osteogenesis at the fracture site, promoting a greater deposition of bone mass and accelerating the process of bone healing. However, despite a series of biomechanical and radiographic evidence of the effectiveness of LLLT and LIPUS in the bone repair, the celullar and molecular mechanisms that regulate and modulate the acceleration of the fracture consolidation are unknown. So the main purpouse of the present work was to measure the effects of LLLT and LIPUS in the expression of osteogenic genes during the process of bone healing and to extend prior histological description after a bone created defect on of the tibiae in rats. For the study 90 male Wistar rats were underwent surgery for creation of bone defects in both tibias. The animals were randomly distributed into three groups: control group ( bone defect without treatment), bone defect treated with LLLT and bone defect treated with LIPUS. Each group were divided into 3 different subgroups (n=10) that received 3,6 and 12 sessions of treatment, and after 24 hours of each session was the euthanasia of animals on days 7, 13 and 25 days after surgery, respectively at each treatment session. Both tibias were removed and subjected to protocols for histological analysis and gene expression analysis by real time real time PCR. Was observed in the qualitative histological analysis that the animals treated with LLLT showed a greater area of new bone formation within 7, 13, 25 days. Furthermore, morphometric analysis demonstrated increased bone tissue only in animals treated with LLLT in 13 and 25 days. It was verified an increase in mRNA levels of BMP4 in the 13 days of the LLLT group and the ALP, Runx2 and BMP4 in 25 days after the application of LLLT and LIPUS, and the mRNA of ALP was more expressed in the LLLT group . We conclude that LLLT stimulates bone formation by increasing the mRNA expression of BMP4 in the 13 days and the ALP in the 25 days.
Proposta de modelo de estrutura do custo logístico do escoamento da soja brasileira para o mercado externo: o caso do Mato Grosso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-22)
Kussano, Marilin Ribeiro
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Batalha, Mario Otávio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015001063418091
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4561352383651237
Soybean is one of the most important commodities in Brazil, contributing positively to the growth in Brazilian trade balance. Although the country has strong comparative advantages in relation to land availability, productivity, and costs of production, these competitive advantages start to weaken whilst the product is burden by poor logistics infrastructure in Brazil. All logistical bottlenecks are reflected in costs for the producer and loss of competitiveness for Brazil. However, it is of paramount importance to be acquainted with the logistics structure and its bottlenecks as well as fixing the costs associated with the movement of goods and their further quantification seeking to propose solutions in order to minimize costs and losses. This paper aimed to define a logistics cost framework of the soybean crop logistics flow to cover the external demand. Secondly, it has also sought to stimulate a debate on the characteristics of soybean product and its logistics process. The proposed model presented herein was applied in three supply flows taking into account both unimodal and intermodal routes. The adoption of such a method has encouraged debates about critical issues including the intermodality. Thus, this paper demonstrates that, due to a number of factors, it is not always beneficial the logistics flow employing a range of modals.
Comparação dos processos de eletrodeposição de íons cobre usando reatores de leito fluidizado e leito de jorro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-22)
Martins, Rosimeire
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Ruotolo, Luís Augusto Martins
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8550247962242598
In this work was studied the process of removal of ions has covered simulated effluent gifts in watery having used electrochemical reactor of fluidized stream bed and of stream bed of I gush out whose porous cathodes were composites for conducting copper particles. Applying an factorial planning Box-Behnken the effect of the electric chain had been studied, electrolyte concentration have supported and expansion of the stream bed for the electrode of fluidized stream bed and the effect of the electric chain, thickness of the reactor, distance of the central canal and the electrolyte concentration has supported for the electrode of stream bed of gushes out on the efficiency of chain (EC), income space-time (YC) and energy consumption (CE) of the process for both the reactors. The results had been analyzed statistical and the effect of each variable on the studied answers was made using reply surfaces. It was verified that for the electrode of fluidized stream bed all the studied variable are influential as much in linear terms, quadratic and interactive. The electrolyte concentration was the variable most significant in all the 0 variable reply, while for ECC and YC, was observed that the expansion did not have a significant effect when was applied a chain of 4,0A, however, case had a great increase of the energy consumption in this. For the current greater the increase of the expansion caused a great increase of the ECC and the YC, which had mainly to the improvement of the mass transport; in the case of the energy consumption, also it had a reduction of its value almost that for the half. The condition of excellent for the process of electroplating in ELF is of bigger electrolyte concentration has supported current greater and bigger expansion. In these conditions a high value of ECC and YC occurs simultaneously, with a low value of CEC still considered. In the case of the ELJ, the independent variable distance of the central canal, did not influence in the behavior of the variable reply, indicating that the tax of solid circulation did not have influence on the process. The thickness of the electrode was very significant, being that an increase of the ECC occurs for lesser thicknesses and current greaters that an increase of the income of the electrochemical reactor in terms of the electroplating promotes. The best conditions of process that simultaneously optimize the ECC, YC and CEC for ELJ, are of current greater, lesser thickness of stream bed and greater electrolyte concentration has supported.
Estudo da oxidação superficial do copolímero propileno/etileno durante o tratamento corona e sua influência no comportamento de termosoldagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-23)
Mazzola, Nícolas Cardoso
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Canevarolo Júnior, Sebastião Vicente
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4153664441338178
Different ethylene-propylene copolymers (Ziegler-Natta and Metallocene) were exposed to corona discharge and analyzed by spectroscopic, morphological and fractionation techniques. Effects of different treatment configurations (types of electrodes and polarity of treatment) were explored, as well as the relationships between molecular configurations and corona discharge effects. Using FTIR, CRYSTAF, DSC and SEC techniques, the differences among the samples on ethylene content, stereo-defects and crystalline phases were identified. Measures of AFM, contact angle, XPS and FTIR-ATR were used to analyze the surface modification - energy, composition and topography - caused by the corona treatment. The results show that surface energy levels increase with the introduction of polar groups (hydroxyl, carbonyl and insaturations) forming a second phase with different elastic response during AFM measurement. The heat sealing behavior for the copolymers was measured by testing heat seal and hot tack. Theses results demonstrated dependence on the melting behavior of materials and molecular weight distribution of each sample. The films after corona treatment were sealed and the main difference observed was a changing on the failure mechanism, going from cohesive to delamination. The heat seal and hot tack maximum resistance dropped for all treated but the hot tack values for low temperatures increased, indicating the existence of polar interactions on the surface. Finally, the technique of fractionation by DSC / SSA demonstrated to be an important tool to correlate heat seal properties and melting behavior of propylene based materials. Cumulated heating enthalpy presented a good fit with values from conventional heat seal tests regarding heat seal initiation temperature.
Efeitos da microcistina-LR (Microcystis aeruginosa) sobre parâmetros cardio-respiratórios de tilápia-do-nilo (Oreochromis niloticus)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-23)
Martins, Nathan Dias
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Kalinin, Ana Lúcia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5493936744279888
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8750681952201253
Cyanobacteria, in favorable conditions can form large superficial masses of green color called blooms. Some genera of cyanobacteria are producing toxins, and during the bloom, there may be risks of contamination of water bodies and thus of those organisms that depends on this. Among the toxins produced by cyanobacteria, stands the microcystin. This type of toxin has pronounced effects on the liver, although it may show its effects in several organs. Moreover, it is the cyanotoxin which is more widely distributed in various types of ecosystems. The aim of this study was to examine the cardiorespiratory responses of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, in control situation and 48 h after intraperitoneal injection of microcystin-LR (MC-LR - 100 μg.Kg-1 body weight) submitted to gradual hypoxia. Exposure to MC-LR decreased metabolic rate ( VO2 ) and significantly increased the critical O2 tension (PcO2), reducing the ability to maintain constant the 2 VO . The gill ventilation (Vg) increased significantly and progressively in both experimental groups in order to maintain 2 VO during hypoxia. Both groups showed the same pattern of respiratory response, while increases in G V& were characterized by increases in tidal volume (VT), while respiratory frequency (fR) remained little changed. However the magnitude of this response was markedly lower in the group exposed to MC-LR, showing that the toxin somehow interfered in the homeostasis of the animal preventing it from developing a respiratory response normal. The MC-LR also reduced the ability to extract O2 during acute hypoxia, probably due to its action injuring the gill tissues of infected animals. Heart rate (fH) was significantly reduced by microcystin-LR in all the experimental concentrations of O2. The control group developed bradycardia only in tension of 10 mmHg, while the group exposed to MC-LR has exhibited such a response to 20 mmHg. The direct effect of MC-LR on the cardiac tissue was probably the cause of the decrease in heart rate in the exposed group compared to the control and relative to their normoxic values. Together, the results of this study showed that exposure to MC-LR reduces the chances of survival of the species studied in hypoxic environments.
Cineastas e a formação da ANCINE (1999-2003)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-24)
Alvarenga, Marcus Vinícius Tavares de
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Sá Neto, Arthur Autran Franco de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5055550097454248
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7090306559784074
This paper studies the Brazilian cinematography corporation political joint between 1999 and 2003. Starting from fiscal renounce model crisis in the national film production, wherein the dialog narrowing between filmmakers and the State led to the creation of the National Cinema Agency (Ancine), which generated the cinematographic group split concerning the agency link in the federal organization chart. In this context, I analyze the problems showed by the filmmakers to the sector sustainability and the possible solutions for this, including its limitations inside the scenario involving the cinematographic corporation, the State, the foreign distribution companies and national broadcasting companies. To do this research, it was used books, articles, internet site information, congress documents, federal legislation and interviews to set up the Brazilian cinema political joint development and its problems to execute the sector demands oriented to the sustainability.
A conjectura de Zariski para a multiplicidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-24)
Carvalho, Emílio de
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Tomazella, João Nivaldo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0051564735964760
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1470194346779040
In his retiring Presidential address to the American Mathematical Society in 1971, Zariski proposed some questions in the Theory of Singularities. One of them concerns the topological invariance of the multiplicity of complex hypersurfaces. In more accurate terms, Zariski asked: if two complex hypersurfaces are homeomorphic as embedded varieties, then are their multiplicities at the origin the same? The multiplicity of a complex hypersurface at the origin is the number of points of intersection of the hypersurface with a generic complex line passing close to the origin, but not through it. The problem still remains unsolved. However, there are some special cases which were answered affirmatively, such as the case of homeomorphic hypersurfaces by a bilipschitz homeomorphism. This work aims at understanding the main results settled for the problem. In the present dissertation, we will make a precise concept of multiplicity of a complex hypersurface and we will give special emphasis to C1-invariance of the multiplicity, bilipschitz invariance and quasihomogeneous hypersurfaces. Besides having great importance by themselves, these cases bring their own interpretations of multiplicity helping us to understand better such an object.
Modelo de mistura padrão com tempo de falha exponencial e censura informativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-25)
Freitas, Luiz Antonio de
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Rodrigues, Josemar
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4359114733394761
In this work we consider the long-term survival model introduced by Berkson & Gage (1952), for modeling survival data of nonhomogeneous populations, where a subpopulation does not present the event of interest, despite a long follow-up period. The cure rate models presented in the literature usually are developed under the assumption that censorship is noninformative. In the usual survival models Lawless (1982) considers that the variable of censoring is informative if its density function and its distribution function involve some parameter of interest. We propose a new definition of informative censoring in a similar way. This de_nition is extended for the unified long-term survival models (Rodrigues et al., 2009). Moreover, we verify, with simulated data, the impact caused by informative censoring in the coverage probabilities and in the lengths of asymptotic confidence intervals of the parameters of interest. A Bayesian approach with Jeffreys prior is also proposed. An example with real data is analysed.
Respostas cardiorrespiratórias do teleósteo de respiração aérea, Clarias gariepinus, exposto à hipóxia gradual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-25)
Belão, Thiago de Campos
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Rantin, Francisco Tadeu
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3546242299713690
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8876132456472368
Air-breathing fish are classified as obligatory (when breathing obligatory atmospheric air independently of the water O2 tension) or facultative air-breather (using an air breathing organ ABO -, when theirs gills are not able to extract all O2 necessary to maintain the aerobic mechanisms under hypoxic conditions). The catfish, Clarias gariepinus, is airbreathing fish that shows modifications on the gill lamella, forming a ventilatory fan, and on the 2o e 4o gill arches, forming an arborescent organ. These structures form the ABO of this specie.The objectives of the present study were: 1. To determine if C. gariepinus is an obligatory or a facultative air breather. 2. To analyze the cardio-respiratory responses ( VO2 - metabolic rate; VG - gill ventilation; VT ventilatory volume; fR respiratory frequency; EO2 O2 extraction from the ventilatory current; fH- heart frequency) in response to progressive hypoxia. 3. To verify if the critical O2 tension (PcO2) of this specie is correlated with the O2 uptake from the atmospheric air.To classify the air-breathing mode of C. Gariepinus, the fish (Wt ~ 350 g; n = 7) were maintained in normoxia during 24 hours without access to air. The fR maintained constant during all the experiment and there was no mortality, indicating that C. gariepinus is a facultative air-breather. To analyze the cardio-respiratory responses to progressive hypoxia, VO2 , EO2, fR, VT, VG , EO2 and fH were recorded under the following water O2 tensions(PwO2): 100, 70, 50 e 30 mmHg. Fish maintained a constant VO2 until the PcO2 (~ 55 mmHg), below which VO2 decreased significantly. This decreasing was followed with the significant reduction of EO2 in PinspO2 of 62,7 ± 1,30 mmHg reaching values of 19,6 ± 1,9 % in severe hypoxia. The VG and the VT increased progressively until PinspO2 of 28,0 ± 0,5 mmHg, reaching highest values of, respectively, 1545,7 ± 63,5 mLH2O.kg-1.min-1, 33,9 ± 0,8 mLH2O.Kg-1.resp-1 e 57,2 ± 1,4 resp.min-1. The fH reduced progressively from 43,4 ± 0,4 bpm, in normóxia, arriving significant values just above the PcO2 and reaching minimum values (19,2 ± 3,0 bpm) in severe hypoxia. Under progressive hypoxia (100, 70, 50, 30 e 20 mmHg) and with the access to the atmospheric air, C. gariepinus (Wt ~ 610 g; n = 9) presented a 5-fold increase in the air-breathing frequency (fRA). A bradycardia was observed just before the air breath and a tachycardia just after.Concluding, C. gariepinus is a continuous facultative air-breathing fish that regulate the 2 O V until the PcO2 of ~54 mmHg. Below this tension fish increase the VG mainly due to a larger increase of VT (lower metabolic cost of VG ). The hypoxic pre-air breath bradycardia is characteristic of aquatic breathers while the post-air breath tachycardia is typical of air respirators. The fRA increased proportionally with the progressive hypoxia, mainly just above the PcO2. These results show that C. gariepinus is adapted to survive at hypoxic habitats and that this species show a higher dependence of the atmospheric air than the others facultative air-breathing fishes.
Integrando processos ambientais e espaciais na ecologia de comunidades aquáticas em escala regional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-25)
Barros, Tadeu de Siqueira
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Strixino, Susana Trivinho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1804083229761186
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3312992120803629
For decades the search for determinants of biodiversity and structuring processes of natural communities has been concentrated on the role of environmental factors and differences in species niche. The neutral theory of biodiversity challenged this view by assuming functional equivalence between species and a major role of stochastic spatial processes. In this thesis, I aimed at analyzing how local and regional ecological processes interact to influence the structure of aquatic metacommunities. The thesis has three chapters. In the first one, I investigated one of the most widespread patterns in ecology, the relationship between species local abundance and regional distribution. I used niche characteristics, estimated independently from local and landscape metrics, to explain the relationship. In the second chapter, I tested whether common and rare species are influenced by environmental and spatial processes in a different manner. In the last chapter, I tried to identify taxon association within the Chironomidae that occur in São Paulo State. Besides, I built ecological models considering information from environmental and spatial processes at different scales aiming at predicting theses associations. In general, I conclude that to understand the dynamics of aquatic metacommunities one must include local, landscape and spatial variables in the analyses. Furthermore, it seems that some species do not differ in their realized niches. In other words, they occupy parts of the environmental gradient in a similar way, thus they respond in a similar way to the same type of ecological processes. This opens an avenue for monitoring and conservation programs. For example, we can use a reduced number of species to monitor entire communities. In my opinion, now we need to advance the way we measure and include spatial processes like dispersal in our models.
SIAF: um sistema de informação, a ser integrado num ambiente de computação ubíqua, para gerenciamento de atividade física
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-26)
Portocarrero, Jesús Martín Talavera
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Souza, Wanderley Lopes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3742302894743620
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3014957845498452
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends performing regular physical activities as a way to combat the population inactivity. In São Carlos-SP municipality such activities are promoted by the health units and generate a large amount of data that needs processing. The aim of this work are to develop and evaluate an information system for managing physical activity data of the population enrolled to the São Carlos-SP health units, allowing for the generation of health and performance indicators, which will support the planning of public policies for the promotion of physical activity. Qualitative researches and field observations were conducted in order to capture the system requirements, and quantitative researches were done for its evaluation. This system was developed in Java using the Netbeans IDE 6.7.1. tool, and has interfaces that allow the management of the health units, physical activity groups, physical activity sessions, participants, and the caregivers responsible for these groups. For evaluating the system interfaces and usability, SAM questionnaires were applied to caregivers, with the following results: 84.44% for Satisfaction, 78.89% for Motivation, and 92.22% for Control Sense. For evaluating other system characteristics, a QUIS based questionnaire was applied to these same caregivers, with the following results in a 1-5 scale: 4.0 for Ease of Use, and 4.6 for Utility. This system has proved to be useful and easy to use, and its main contribution is to support the WHO recommendation for the practice of regular physical activity, since it provides the computational means for the effectiveness evaluation of physical activity groups of the São Carlos-SP health units.
Reforma sanitária e política paulista: as relações entre o processo de profissionalização dos médicos de São Paulo e políticas de saúde do governo estadual de Adhemar de Barros (1947-1951)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-28)
Almeida, Fabio de Oliveira
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Bonelli, Maria da Glória
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6908556393056032
Comunidades ribeirinhas, engenheiros e conservação da floresta: construção participativa do espaço tecnológico em empreendimentos econômicos solidários na Amazônia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-28)
Candido, Silvio Eduardo Alvarez
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Eid, Farid
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0194644249955417
The purpose of this research is to analyse the participatory construction of the technological space of a solidarity economy organization of production and commercialization of Brazil nuts integrated by inhabitants of riverside communities of the Lower Madeira River, in Rondônia. The restore of household extractive economies is one of the proposals of forest peoples social movements to match life quality improvement and environmental conservation. This opposes to the hegemonic model of development of the Amazon Rainforest region, based on technocratic state intervention, which is responsible for the harsh social and environmental crises that hit the region and which has in the expel of.traditional forest people from their home lands one of the most perverse effects. New extractive economies have two features that also oppose the early rubber tapping period. Firstly it is based on democratic work relations, what suggest a connection with solidarity economy movement. On the other hand, it purposes it should incorporate new technologies which would radically improve productive forces, calling for integration with social technology movement. Exploring the existing synergies of these counter-hegemonic movements, the dissertation aims to demonstrate that engineers, technologists and other professionals involved with technological development may assume an important role to merge community strengthen and forest conservation. To do so, the methodology developed by Herrera (1981), alluding to the generation and technology for rural areas, is taken as an important reference. The scope of this method is adapted to be applicable to a solidarity economy organization including extractivists of the Lower Madeira River producing and commercializing Brazil nuts. Recognizing the social character of rational systems, the methodology demands qualified participation of the workers and results in the technological space of the organization, agreed upon the associated producers and the professionals aiming to support them. The experience of the adapted method proved to be effective, pointing out that real engagement of specialists with social transformation demands the capacity of dialoguing with groups which and usually considered irrelevant in the technological development process.
Influência do tipo de fermento e do envelhecimento sobre a qualidade da cachaça artesanal orgânica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-28)
Gabriel, Afra Vital Matos Dias
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Ceccato-Antonini, Sandra Regina
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7600793543184032
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4733088669579609
The current market of artisanal cachaça has growing continuously in the last years, especially in the last decade. This is a result of governmental programs to stimulate low-scale producers, which correspond to 30% of the cachaça production in Brazil. These familiar producers have been using traditional and rudimentary processes and techniques, with a little or no quality control. The ferment is prepared in an artisanal way (caipira ferment or natural ferment), with autochthonous yeasts and bacteria present in the sugar cane juice. This obviously difficultates the quality control of the beverage, however, it may contribute to a better sensorial quality. The organic cachaça production appears to be a promising alternative for low-scale producers because the demand for natural products, healthy and ecologically correct is increasing. In this context, this work aimed to evaluate the contribution of the type of the ferment (caipira and commercial) and the ageing (in oak barrels) to the chemosensory quality of the cachaça and to the development of this agro-industrial segment. The fermentation with the caipira ferment has shown a great number of wild yeasts and a lower number of total yeasts, however, there was no difference in the number of bacteria comparing to the fermentation with a commercial strain. For the latter, an increased or stabilized number of wild yeasts was observed along the fermentative cycles, white for the caipira ferment this number decreased or stabilized. There was an intense acidification of the medium during the preparation of the caipira ferment, which was repeated in the initial cycles of the fermentation with this ferment, decreasing afterwards. Significant alterations in the composition of redistilled cachaças were observed after ageing in oak barrels, especially concerning to pH, total acidity (fixed and volatile), alcoholic content and secondary compounds, as npropanol, acetaldehyde, isobutanol and total volatile compounds. All the parameters presented values within the limits of Brazilian laws. The type of the ferment influenced the beverage quality, because the cachaça produced with the caipira ferment has shown increased fixed acidity with the ageing, while for the one produced with the commercial strain, there was an increase in the volatile acidity. The sensory tests of preference revealed that the cachaças produced with the caipira ferment were significantly different (p<0.05) from the cachaças produced with the commercial strain regarding the aroma and global impression, after ageing. Although the fermentation with caipira ferment has shown a great number of wild yeasts in the inoculum and in the sugar cane juice, the cachaça produced with this ferment showed better preference. There were no differences in the sensory tests concerning both ferments for the non-aged cachaças, showing that not only the ageing influenced the quality of the cachaça, but also the type of ferment utilized in the fermentation for the cachaça production.
Uma abordagem ACO para a programação reativa da produção
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-28)
Fonseca, Marcos Abraão de Souza
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Kato, Edilson Reis Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8517698122676145
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5145882170059241
In the context of automated manufacturing systems, combinatorial optimization problems, such as determining the production schedule, have been focused in many studies due to the high degree of complexity to their resolution. Several studies point to use of metaheuristics for the problem dealt, where different approaches perspectives have been proposed in order to find good solutions in a short time. In this paper, we propose an approach based on Ant Colony Optimization metaheuristic (ACO) for the reactive production scheduling problem in an FMS aiming the combination of problem characteristics with metaheuristic characteristics. For this, the problem is addressed from two perspectives, based on modeling and the search method. The problem representation is characterized by a description of the problem at the operations level, since the production schedule is included in this context. On the model is applied a constructive search method based on ACO that using the collaboration principle, establishing a relationship between operations so that it lead the search for promising regions of the solution space. The goal of this work is to obtain a reactive programming in acceptable response time in order to minimize the makespan values. Experimental results showed an improvement of the results obtained so far by other approaches.
Partilha de polinizadores por espécies quiropterófilas em um fragmento de Cerrado, São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-29)
Teixeira, Reinaldo Chaves
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Matos, Dalva Maria da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4728734263109138
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0597199857360007
Flowering plants need some external pollen vectors to accomplish sexual reproduction. For plants, the access of sexual mates by pollinators agents is a limiting factor, wich make pollen vectors a critical resource for plants to reproduce successfully. Simpatric plants that share the same pollination guild avoid direct competition differing the pollinators use mode. These thesis investigate in a cerrado community the coexistence mechanisms between plant species that use the same pollinators guild, the bats. The work was carried out in a cerrado area in Brazilian southeast, between July, 2007 and June, 2009. First of all, I assessed the chiropterophilous species composition in the area, describe the floral biology and the interactions with their flower visitors. I found nine species framed in the chiropterophily syndrome, and which the flowers received visits mainly from the bat Glossophaga soricina (except in Irlbachia alata). The species flowers are adjusted to the bats morphology, ethology and physiology, and offer flowers all year long, assuring food for the bats. Then I verify the mechanisms that allow the chiropterophilous species coexistence or the facilitative interactions in the area by pollinators share. I assess the floral characteristics, blooming phenology, nectar attributes and floral visitors. Nine plant species share similar floral characteristics that are noted by the bats sense, which play as facilitative interaction between species, which produces a single floral display for attract the pollen vector in common. However, the plant species differ in the places for pollen deposition in the bats body due to differing in floral morphology, species offered distinct nectar volume and concentration which may select/segregate the pollinator and share the pollinator use during the year by flowering at different moments, which allows species that share pollinators to coexist. At last, I checked how two species in the same genus and that use the same bats as pollinators differ in the way to use the same pollen vector. I estimate the bats role in the plants species floral biology and if the species differ in floral characteristics, nectar attributes and secretion time, flowering period. I verified that group - flowers with different size shall avoid pollen mixture among species, nectar with distinct soluble concentration shall attract higher number of visitors in distinct moments, massive flowering in different periods and sequentially, allows the Bauhinia holophylla and B. longifolia coexistence in the area, even sharing the G. soricina use as main pollinator.
Modelagem de sistemas de manufatura usando Redes de Petri Coloridas Fuzzy focando a solução de conflitos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-29)
Sgavioli, Mayra
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Kato, Edilson Reis Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8517698122676145
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6722587587201794
A Flexible Manufacturing System is a production system where more than one event can occur simultaneously in parallel, asynchronously or concurrently. These are designed to meet the needs of the market, demand for improved product quality, lower costs and shorter delivery times. Due to the complexity and flexibility of these systems, conflicts can occur when more than one process requests the same resource, such as machines or AGVs, or when a product can be produced in more than one production routing. Thus, a conflict resolution policy is needed in this type of environment. This study uses Fuzzy Coloured Petri Nets for modeling a manufacturing system. The manufacturing system is modeled considering the resources, buffers, production routings, AGV routes and identifying conflict points. The conflict resolution is performed considering both information on the shop floor and production management. Fuzzy rules are constructed to prioritize conflicting processes and a fuzzy rule-based system is modeled on Fuzzy Coloured Petri Nets in the same network as the manufacturing system, making the model of the system independent of other systems of support for the resolution of conflicts. In this work we considered the conflicts that can occur when loading and unloading station and the input and output buffer. According to the source of conflict, a rule base is shaped to assign priorities to processes. From this model it is possible to make the control system and ensure that identified conflicts are resolved.
Cultura e nação brasileiras no discurso da reforma de Estado: a nova burocracia paulista e a modernização do Estado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-29)
Silva, Victor Hugo Fischer Ribeiro da
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Leirner, Piero de Camargo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6682239833879808
Desenvolvimento de ligas de Mg em formas maciças para armazenagem de hidrogênio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-06-29)
Lima, Gisele Ferreira de
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Kiminami, Claudio Shyinti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5443002033733395
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9313100199075545
In the present work, bulk magnesium metallic hydrides (MgH2 and Mg2FeH6) were produced. Commercially pure Mg and mixtures of 2Mg-Fe were processed by severe plastic deformation (SPD) by using High Pressure Torsion (HPT) method, and also by hot extrusion. Studies were accomplished with relationship to the possibility of bulk hydrides production from those materials. Also, it was evaluated the influence of the obtained microstructure from different processing conditions and also the influence of the iron in the hydrogen sorption properties. It was verified that cycles of hydrogenation do not cause bulk disintegration in any samples. The formation of Mg2FeH6 was verified in all samples of the 2Mg-Fe mixtures. This hydride is known by the difficulty of synthesizing. In spite of the excellent results regarding the hydrogenation properties improvement and, in the ability to resist superficial oxidation, a large limitation still exists regarding the use of these results in automotive applications. Bulk hydrides were produced following the conditions studied in this work, however the kinetics is still reasonably slow and the operational temperatures are still high. This fact takes to the consideration of the verification of others possibilities of application types. In the current state of this work, the most probable application is in the static storage of hydrogen, where such problems are not so significant.