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Informática como recurso pedagógico para a prática de uma professora de Educação Especial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-07-02) Leme, Lívia Maria Ribeiro; Denari, Fátima Elisabeth; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5575213011914394; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0709258031384024
This paper proposes a case study in a computer room at a school for Special Education of a midsize city in the State of Sao Paulo, with a teacher of this modality of teaching. The objective was to develop computerized teaching strategies which foster the learning of children with disabilities in special classes through the process of training teachers for this purpose. As a research problem arose the question: How to transform the teaching of a computer room dedicated to serving people with disabilities? To identify the practices of the teacher in the computer room before the stage of intervention was developed and implemented an initial questionnaire, immediately after the intervention was administered a questionnaire to determine the final outcomes after this step. Data collection for the entire intervention process was described in a diary, which was completed in the ending of each stage of intervention. The digital literacy of the teacher was important for the new feature available in the school favored the formation of its students with a teaching practice consistent with current reality. However the computer room was only used when the researcher was present at the school. For the teacher the research contributed to her teaching practice because she did not know before how to use the computer resources as a teaching resource. Other relevant data is the scarcity of time and lack of organization of school hours for use of the school environment.
Uma proposta de ensino envolvendo geometria fractal para o estudo de semelhança de figuras planas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-07-02) Gomes, Antônio do Nascimento; Salvador, José Antonio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2487171069472158; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6811702285923172
The main objective of this research is develop a teaching material by exploring the Fractal Geometry helps students and teachers in teaching-learning process the concepts of Similarity of Figures, among others, present in the curriculum of 8th grade of Elementary School. In this sense, we work with Activities Sheets that connect content that are part of the curriculum with the Fractal Geometry, because it looks playful and investigative. From activities undertaken and the testimony of interviewees we note the great commitment and interest from them. We also intend to show how was the process of developing this material by students and their acceptability in terms of a Research on Their Own Professional Practice (PONTE, 2002). We still investigated the Euclidean Geometry, from which much of the school geometry comes and the Fractal Geometry systematized by Mandelbrot in the last decades of the twentieth century, considering the possibility of its presence in the curriculum of Basic Education, particularly in São Paulo s Curriculum Proposal.
Avaliação da diversidade de macrófitas aquáticas do rio Paraguai, entre a cidade de Cáceres e Estação Ecológica de Taiamã, Pantanal Mato-Grossense, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-07-02) Abdo, Mara Silvia Aguiar; Silva, Carolina Joana da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5253872582067659; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3699052118192145
The Paraguay River, show spatial and temporal heterogeneity, due it had many secondary channels, oxbow lakes, baías, corixos floodplains, due to the Flood Pulse. Therefore these sets of factors are important for the aquatic macrophyte structuration on floodplains. This research had as main purpose, to evaluate the aquatic macrophyte of the Paraguay River, from Cáceres to Taiamã Ecological Station into the Pantanal of Mato Grosso State. For so, the sample collects were realized between April of 2008 to April of 2009, covering all the hydrological periods. Therefore on each period it was registered the environmental variables, water and air temperature, water level, transparency, pH, dissolved oxygen, water electric conductivity, nitrogen and phosphorous nutrients, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium and the biological variable: though the cover of the community of water macrophyte, using a square, where was measured the cover degree according to the visualization. With these data were possible to analyze the composition, abundance, diversity and biological way of life. To shown the results of this study, it was separated into two chapters. The first one, The spatial and temporal dynamics of the aquatic macrophytes in the Paraguay river and in the parental lakes . On this were addressed the spatial and temporal dynamics of the structure and composition of the aquatic macrophyte composition and the environmental variables on many lakes with different degree of connectivity with the Paraguay River. The samples collects were realized on 11 neighboring lakes along the Paraguay river, showing three different kinds of connectivity (unconnected, directly connected to river and indirect connected to the river) While into the river the collects were realized onto ten points, downstream to each lake. The limnologic variables show strong correlation with flood pulse. The Paraguay River show high values of dissolved oxygen and pH during dry period and filling water period and the lakes shown high values of conductivity. The directly connected lakes show big richness of species and biologic way of life, and high values of diversity during all hydrologic periods. Eichhornia azurea, Eichhornia crassipes and Salvinia auriculata were the species who show the biggest abundance mainly in the river. The aquatic macrophyte ordination of the free floating kind showed the biggest abundance during flood in the river and in all hydrological periods in the lakes. The fix floating/emergent dominated on the Paraguay River. The environment studied shown difference during dry and filling period and was grouped on the flood period, when the water levels make the homogenization of the System River, lake and flood plain. The second chapter The functional sectors of the Paraguay river determine the aquatic macrophyte 9 domination , The text show the discussion about the dynamic and the community of the aquatic macrophyte, into three sections of the Paraguay river, which are different in the geomorphology. Where this functional sectors describe the segments of the river differentiated by the changes in the kind of the standard of the Channel flooding area, on the width of the river, in the inclination of the valley, on the sinuosity and on the effect of the confluence of the tributaries with the entry of different water and sediments. The sectors analyzed were: Meander, Straight and transition. On each sector were analyzed the cover the aquatic macrophyte community and the environmental variables of the lakes and the Paraguay river, during dry and flood period. The variable dissolved oxygen (dry period) and water electric conductivity (flood and dry period), analyzed though the ANOVA text, shown exist significant differences between sectors. Analyzing the composition and structure of the aquatic macrophyte community, it was observed that in the meander sector, the lakes, both periods, shown bigger richness and bigger diversity of species in relation to another lakes in another sectors, while the transition sector shown bigger richness and diversity during flood period. Probably these differences are related to the fluvial geomorphology, typical of each sector. The meandric sector is a sector with high sinuosity, which favor a high number of lakes, secondary channels, ancient channels of the river and floodplain. The Paraguay river shown bigger richness and diversity of species on the transition sector, on both hydrological periods, probably due to the presence of many fix floating species and/or emergent. However it is possible to verify that the abundance of Eichhornia azurea and Salvinia auriculata species, on the meandric and transition sectors, enforce the similarity which exists between these lakes during dry period. The lakes of the straight sector are more deep in relation to the another, what probably, favor the high abundance of Salvinia auriculata, make these not similar to another.
Extração de forma compacta de regras Fuzzy de uma rede bayesiana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-07-02) Hsien, Yin; Hruschka Júnior, Estevam Rafael; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2097340857065853; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7629440592615530
The decision support tools are importants in many domains of our society. But there is a need to make users understand the decisions made by those tools in order to increase the faith of the users on the results. In the literature, Bayesian networks are considered as a probabilistic classification system with good performance. But it still need a better presentation of it results to make it more understandable to the users. In other hand, the fuzzy logic ofer potential to deal with imprecision and uncertainty, as well as a linguistic representation, which facilitates user's understanding. The combination of Bayesian networks and fuzzy logic is proposed by the method BayesFuzzy, which make use of fuzzy rules as a form of explanation of a Bayesian network, it aims to obtain a decision support tool with good performance and easy to be understood by users. So we are proposiing the method Pruned BayesFuzzy (PBF), it is a BayesFuzzy incorporated with minimum certainty degree, default rule and Rule Post-Pruning as a form to select the most important rules for classification between all the rules generated, it also simplifies those rules. The results of PBF show an improvement in understanding but a loss in correct classification rate. But the improvement in understanding is promising enough to further research and enhance of the PBF. Then beside PBF, we also propose the Pruned BayesFuzzy 2 (PBF2), which is PBF incorporated with a feature selection technique based on Markov Blanket. With the incorporation of this technique, it's possible to deal with situations that contains a large amount of variables inside of the Markov Blanket of the class variable. The results show a loss in correct classification rate, that is already expected when we try to simplify further more the Markov Blanket. However, the availability to be able to deal with big scale problems is something to be considered.
Lugar, recursos e saberes dos ribeirinhos do médio rio Cuiabá, Mato Grosso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-07-02) Ferreira, Maria Saleti Ferraz Dias; Silva, Carolina Joana da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5253872582067659; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7509657429371843
In this study we address the relationships and interactions in riverine communities, from the long-term observation of the riverine of the middle Cuiabá River in their quotidian and anchored for a closer look and a more detailed accompaniment in Bonsucesso, community located in the Várzea Grande city, State of Mato Grosso. This study had two objectives: The first one was to learn the ways of handling, the practical uses of ecosystem services, the living place, and biodiversity representations, to know the riverine communities, the relationships they establish with the ecosystem services, the perception and the knowledge that they build on the area where they develop their experiences. The research was qualitative, and during the fieldwork we contacted riverines, hearing their stories of life, to pursue the path of representations in the world and of the world of these social actors. We, also, could diagnose the current situation of riverine landscape of the Cuiabá River in its middle course. The second objective was to develop environmental education activities to mediate the approach of pedagogical practices and the experienced practices. Thus, we mediate the dialogue between structured and local knowledges, empowering teachers and community members in thematic workshops for dealing with the environmental problems perceived. We recorded the riverines perceptions of Cuiabá River, and their associated ecosystems, through reports of their experiences and observation in the living environment. We identified the principal sites of interaction with the ecosystem services, and the categories of biodiversity uses. We described procedures for obtaining production services and transformation processes in cultural services, mediated by traditional knowledge. The prospects for sustainability of the people on the riverbank are centered on the traditional knowledge, which are cultural services built over time from experience with the river and land, and biodiversity and social relations established on daily basis along the river. The riverine communities require many ecosystem services, and survived because they have developed cultural techniques for the maintenance of these services. In conclusion, keeping the communities along the river, assuring them the continuity of their practices, is a way to conserve ecosystem services.