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Docking de compostos da família das ariloxazinas em enzimas relacionadas com a malária
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-08-06)
Corrêa, Denis da Silva
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Caracelli, Ignez
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8956527354576143
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8543015864671187
Malaria disease, caused mainly by Plasmodium falciparum parasite, afflicts about 500 million people and causes nearly one million deaths every year. For the development of new drugs against this disease, one possible approach is to identify an enzyme that plays a key role in P. falciparum development and presents significantly different properties from the corresponding human one. These differences can be exploited in the design of specific inhibitors of the parasite s protein, thus, three different enzymes were selected as possible targets. As there are evidences suggesting that increasing oxidative stress can effectively inhibit the growth of the malarial parasite the enzyme Glutathione Reductase of P. falciparum (PfGR), responsible for the parasite s antioxidant defense, has become a potential target for the design and development of inhibitors. The second target was the P. falciparum Dihydrofolate Reductase-Thymidylate Synthase (PfDHFR-TS), and in this case blocking its action stops the dTMP production and DNA synthesis in the parasite. The third chosen target was the P. falciparum Lactate Dehydrogenase (PfLDH), whose inhibition interrupts the ATP formation and thus causing the death of the parasite. So that a family of arilloxazines compounds, together with chloroquine and methylene blue, were studied by means of docking simulations in the binding sites of these enzymes and also in the corresponding human enzymes for comparison. The three-dimensional structures of the enzymes and of chloroquine and methylene blue were obtained from the Protein Data Bank (PDB). The structures of the arilloxazines compounds, in turn, were obtained by molecular modeling with HyperChem 6.01 and MOPAC2009 programs, using as starting models similar crystallographic structures deposited in the Cambridge Structural Database. Docking simulations were performed using GOLD 4.0.1. The docking results showed that the enzymes PfGR and PfDHFR-TS are not the preferential targets of chloroquine. For the methylene blue it was possible to elucidate its binding mode in hGR and PfGR. Regarding the arilloxazines it was possible to show that they present their higher affinity for hGR, followed by PfGR, hDHFR, PfDHFR-TS, PfLDH and hLDH. In the case of GRs, the interface site was the preferred binding site. The results suggest that if arilloxazines compounds with higher affinity for PfGR are desirable then a pentafluorophenyl should be attached at the N10 position, as in the 2e compound. When searching for arilloxazines with higher affinity for PfLDH, it seems to be desirable a carboxymethyl group at the N3 position (as in 5b) and a pentafluorophenyl group at N10 (as in 2e). Finally, the results suggest that in general the studied arilloxazines probably will present a higher affinity for hDHFR than PfDHFR-TS. All these results are an important starting point for the design of new arilloxazines ligands so that they can be used as lead compounds in the search for new drugs against malaria.
Estresse oxidativo em matrinxã, Brycon amazonicus (Spix & Agassiz, 1829, Characidae), exposto ao inseticida piretroide Keshet®
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-08-06)
Cortella, Lucas Ribeiro Xavier
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Moraes, Gilberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4427903557163246
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6929168247603601
Estudo sobre a ictiofauna do rio Sapucaí Mirim, afluente da margem esquerda do rio Grande no estado de São Paulo: composição, distribuição espacial e sazonalidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-08-06)
Cesário, Vinícius Vendramini
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Garavello, Júlio César
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2778105126670170
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3929398243179513
The ichthyofauna of Sapucaí Mirim River, a tributary of Grande River at upper Paraná River was studied with a purpose on composition, seasonality and distribution environments. Samples were collected from June 2007 to June 2009. Different fishing gears were used to obtain samples: fine-mesh sieve, gill nets and cast nets of different mesh sizes and trawl. The results included the collection of 2,097 specimens belonging to 76 species of fish, divided into six Orders (Characiformes with 35 species, Siluriformes with 30, Perciformes with 5, Gymnotiformes with 3, Cyprinodontiformes with 2 and Synbranchiformes with one. The ichthyofauna composition showed slight dominance of Characiformes (46%) on Siluriformes (39%) and a high dominance of these two orders in relation to other orders: Perciformes (7%), Gymnotiformes (4%), Cyprinodontiformes (3%) and Synbranchiformes (1%). Defined a group of species listed among the main: Astyanax altiparanae, A. fasciatus, Steindachnerina insculpta, Leporinus friderici, Hypostomus ancistroides, Hypostomus strigaticeps, Hypostomus sp.1 and Rhamdia quelen. Defined a group of accessory species: Astyanax schubarti, Galeocharax knerii, Hoplosternum littorale, Hypostomus sp.2, Loricaria cf. lentiginosa, Schizodon nasutus and finally, a group of rare species: Bryconamericus sp., Leporinus striatus, Megalechis personata, Pimelodus sp., Pseudopimelodus mangurus, Salminus brasiliensis. Considerations on the preferred environment of the species in different sampling points and a comparison of the ichthyofauna Sapucaí Mirim River and the river Grande within the reservoir UHE Porto Colombia are presented here.
A participação da comunidade escolar em uma escola transformada em comunidade de aprendizagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-08-06)
Caires, Sueli de Fatima Barbosa
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Conti, Celso Luiz Aparecido
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6967887143687279
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5240485625681536
This work aimed to characterize and analyze the ways of school community s participation in the daily routine of a school unity transformed into Learning Communities, in particular examining the participation in decision processes as a fundamental aspect of democratic management of education. We tried to understand the factors that facilitated or hindered participation in the context of the school studied. The proposed Learning Communities aims to transform social and cultural life of the school and its surroundings and is based on dialogic learning as a means to seek the highest quality education for everyone. Learning Communities is a proposal developed by the Special Centre for Research in Theories and Practices for Overcoming Inequalities (Centro Especial de Investigação em Teorias e Práticas Superadoras de Desigualdades CREA, in portuguese), of the University of Barcelona, has established in Spain as a successful experience. Today is being developed in several countries, including Brazil. The research was conducted at a school in the São Carlos urban periphery (SP), transformed into Learning Communities, based on some principles of Critical Communicative Methodology, which has references to the Paulo Freire s concept of dialogue, and the Jürgen Habermas theory of communicative action. The study was developed by quantitative data - a questionnaire administered by researchers inserted in the investigation into Learning Communities - and qualitative data - from interviews with managers of the school. Following the principles of critical communicative methodology, the process of data analysis was developed jointly between the participants and the researcher is talking about the content posted, the categories listed and understandings made, and coming to a consensus on the analysis dimensions of transformational and barriers to participation. We have observed that many changes occurred in the life of the school since the implementation of the proposed Learning Communities. Among them, egalitarian dialogue s reinforcement in relationships, which favored the school community participation in various spaces. We stress, however, the necessary support of management education as an indispensable element in creating and sustaining a school environment that stimulates democratic coexistence, because it does not occur spontaneously without intentional and permanent purposeful actions.
Genética de populações e relações de parentesco em Ciconiiformes (Aves)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-08-06)
Miño, Carolina Isabel
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Del Lama, Sílvia Nassif
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7893772074091604
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7893772074091604
Population genetic parameters and genetic relatedness estimates were carried out for Roseate Spoonbill (Platalea ajaja), Wood Stork (Mycteria americana) and Great Egret (Ardea alba egretta) reproductive colonies in Amapa, Pantanal and Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil. Microsatellite genotypes were used to investigate kinship patterns between nestlings sampled inside the same nests, using a variety of analytical approaches. Unrelated nestling-pairs were observed in Roseate Spoonbill nests (6.12% of analyzed nests) and in Wood Stork nests (11.34%); half-siblings were present in Roseate Spoonbill nests as well (1.36%). Only full-siblings were detected inside Great Egret nests. Conspecific brood parasitism (CBP) and extra-pair paternity were proposed to account for the presence of unrelated nestmates and half-siblings, respectively, in Roseate Spoonbill and Wood Stork nests. Those results suggest the occurrence of a mating system different than genetic monogamy in natural populations of those waterbirds. Genetic relatedness was also investigated for adults and offspring, as well as for supposed siblings in Roseate Spoonbill families kept in three zoological facilities in the U.S. Paternity and maternity allocation analyses through maximum-likelihood revealed that errors were present in zoo‟s studbooks in relation to the familial records. We also identified mating between related individuals that were not detected previously by zookeepers. Population genetic parameters were also estimated and demographic processes were assessed for Great Egret reproductive colonies in the Pantanal and Rio Grande do Su, Brazil. Bayesian clustering analyses, assignment tests, analysis of molecular variance, F-statistics estimates, allelic frequency distribution and the G-W index revealed that: i) Pantanal reproductive colonies are genetically differentiated from Rio Grande do Sul colonies; ii) an IBD-like pattern alone cannot explain that differentiation; and iii) genetic signal of a reduction of population size was present for two colonies in the Pantanal and one in Rio Grande do Sul. Results were discussed considering a metapopulation dynamic and also considering that populations from both Brazilian regions represent distinct units and deserve to be treated separately when planning and carrying out conservation and management programs that aim to preserve the species‟ genetic diversity.
Planejamento educacional individualizado na educação especial: propostas oficiais da Itália, França, Estados Unidos e Espanha
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-08-06)
Valadão, Gabriela Tannús
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Mendes, Enicéia Gonçalves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0248341559503184
The Salamanca Statement (1994) advocated the practice of schooling for people with disabilities in the regular classroom and into mainstream schools, stressing the need to optimize the planning tool into pedagogic practices in order to meet the special educational needs of some students within heterogeneous classrooms. In several European and North American countries, the oficialization of the individual education practice plan is one of the intervention tools used to improve the students with disabilities education. Although the names used for this practice vary between countries and terms such as plan/planning/project, educational/scholastic/ enrollment, and personalized/individual are largely employed, these proposals focus on the existence of legal provisions to ensure to all students in situation of disability the right to an individual educational plan (IEP) tailored to meet their individual needs. There is no legal requirement for this issue in Brazil. This lack explains some of the current problems outlined by the inclusive policy and practice in our education system. This paper aimed to describe, analyze and compare the IEP proposals adopted by Italy, France, U.S., and Spain, seeking to comprehend the IEP regulation in these countries and to identify parameters to elaborate proposals enlightening the paths to follow to implement this practice in Brazil. It was a documentary study based on available data from the official websites of the Ministry of Education in those countries between 1994 and 2008. The applied methodology envolved the following stages: 1) preliminary feasibility study for a research proposal; 2) search, identification, and selection of official documents; 3) content analysis of documents related to the practice of IEP; 4) data organization; and, 5) data description and analysis. The results showed diversity between countries including the concept of school inclusion, the radical and/or total inclusion and the inclusion that presumes the existence of the continuum of support services. They also presented the variety in models of IEP from those who relate solely to the schooling to those who contemplate a more widespread attention beyond the realm of school life. The conclusions highlight the importance of legal provisions on the implementation of the IEP for students with disabilities to ensure the right of school education.
Análise estrutural de filmes finos de hematita produzidos por spin-coating para geração de hidrogênio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-08-06)
Lima, Bruno Henrique Ramos de
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Leite, Edson Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1025598529469393
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5096229531831897
Water photolysis at semiconductors is a clean and renewable method for solar energy conversion into hydrogen fuel. Hematite (-Fe2O3) thin films have been presented as a promissory material for water photolysis due to it s abundance, chemical stability, environmental compatibility and appropriate band gap energy to absorb a large part of the solar spectrum and for the water photooxidation process. In this work the influence of synthesis and deposition parameters on the microstructure and photoelectrochemical properties were studied. The films were produced on FTO substrates by spin-coating deposition of Fe+3 polymeric resin prepared by complex polymerization method using ethanol as a solvent. Doped films were prepared by addition of tetraethylortosilicate (TEOS) in Fe+3 resin. Characterizations were made by xrays diffraction, UV-Visible spectroscopy and scanning electronic microscopy. Photoelectrochemical properties were measured in a three-electrode standard electrochemical cell, with the film as a work electrode, platinum as a counter electrode and Ag/AgCl in KCl satured solution as reference electrode. Results have shown that substrate-film interface is responsible for the formation of three regions with distinct morphologies and have shown that just a small percentage of the films are in direct contact with the substrate and contributes with photocurrent. The better silicon incorporation in hematite structure using ethanol as a solvent was also observed. The best photocurrent density were obtained by one layer silicon doped films, at 0,6 V in 1M NaOH electrolyte.
Herói popular sob ironia na cena política: estudo sobre o personagem e o entrelaçamento entre ficção e realidade nos filmes Macunaíma (1969) e Terceiro Milênio (1982)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-08-09)
Araújo, Mauro Luciano Souza de
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Monzani, Josette Maria Alves de Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0505156751073470
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3008173291816360
The dissertation leans over an analysis of aspects of the mise-en-scène at the two chosen films, having focus in the fictional and non-fictional character rendered ironical in the Cinema Novo s (brazilian new cinema) stage political scene, real scene and at the context during the intensification of a conservative modernization: 1 - Macunaíma (1969), of Joaquim Pedro de Andrade; 2 - Terceiro Milênio (1982), of Jorge Bodanzky and Wolf Gauer. Those are two manners of facing the character - of one side ficcional, with origins in the oral tradition of Amazonian legends, transformed in protagonist of a modernist book by Mário of Andrade, later converted in cinema´s character; on the other side the political protagonist's direct filmed in performance for the documentary -, these two lines have its crossing point that allows an observation of a national type, involved in the double-dealing, of Iberian root sighted in the cunning, a type of the subverted epic's hero. This modern character's in the visual expression fall down in the type of the flâneur, bohemian, roguish - the disinterested or inapt Brazilian hero.
Aspectos fisiológicos do fruto de açaí sob armazenamento refrigerado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-08-10)
Stefanini, Thais França
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Pessoa, José Dalton Cruz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4212703554284544
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6293022488155409
The açaí berry market has been increasing due to its high calorie characteristic and antioxidant activity, that contributes to diseases prevention. The market growth makes it the center of attention, upcoming the necessity to study its storage, transportation and processing chain. So this study has the objective to analyze the physiology and storage conditions of the açaí berry through measures of respiration, based on temperature and water content, freezing point detection, water potential due to water content function, cohesion of the mesocarp, color of the parenchymal reserve, pH level, acidity and contents of anthocyanins. The respiration based on the temperature of the açaí berry can be fitted by Arrhenius curve with activation energy of 79.6 kJ.mol-1. Q10 values for the açaí berry were between 2 and 3.The metabolism of the açaí berry showed and exponential result related to the reduction in water content. The average freezing temperature was around -3.4 º C, and maximum of -1.8 ° C. The hidroconservation storage reduces oxidation of anthocyanins, due to its low temperature. However, fruits stored in hidroconservation showed possible characteristics of freezing injury and anaerobic conditions, indicated by the presence of aqueous solution produced by the fruit inside the package, reducing the mesocarp cohesive force, changing the parenchyma s reserves colour and acidity variations. The refrigerator storage leads to a fast decrease in total anthocyanins. The gas permeability of the used packaging process reduces the anaerobic process, and its higher storage temperature decreases the symptoms of freezing injury, but increases fruit water loss.
Fotoluminescência de nanopartículas de Ni(OH)2 e avaliação catalítica de NiO na redução de NO com CO
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-08-10)
Moura, Ana Paula de
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Longo, Elson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9848311210578810
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5657905412702016
In recent years, nanostructured oxides have attracted great interest from different areas of technology due to the possibility of developing new devices or electro-optical equipment. In principle, the physical and chemical properties of these compounds are governed by the distribution, shape and size of their particles. Currently, conventional hydrothermal methods have enabled the training of various oxides with different morphologies and degree of crystallinity, with the use of low temperature synthesis or processing (> 200 oC). Moreover, the main disadvantage of these systems lies in their long treatment times, which was circumvented by the use of microwave radiation as the heating source. This new equipment has become known as microwave hydrothermal (MH). So in this work, nickel hydroxide (Ni (OH) 2) was synthesized by hydrothermal microwave in the presence of cetyl trimethyl ammonium (CTAB) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). Also, these summaries were analyzed the influence of different chemical bases (ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH)) and the effect of hydrothermal treatment times. The nickel oxide was obtained through the thermal decomposition of precursor (Ni(OH)2) previously formed. For this we used thermal treatment temperature of 300 oC and 500 oC in a microwave oven for a period of 2 min. These samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared analysis (FTIR) spectroscopy, micro-Raman (MR) scanning electron microscope by field emission gun high resolution (FEG-SEM), electron microscopy transmission (TEM) and reduction with hydrogen temperature programmed (TPR-H2). The optical properties were studied by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis) and photoluminescence measurements. The X-ray diffraction showed that both Ni(OH)2 and NiO have a high degree of crystallinity and are structurally ordered at long range. The FTIR spectra and MR exhibited characteristic bands for these materials. The microscopy images of FEG-MEV and TEM indicate the formation of plaques with irregular shapes, nature and agglomerated nanometric dimensions. The UV-vis spectra suggested the existence of intermediate energy levels within the band gap. When excited with a Tese de doutorado Ana Paula de Moura VI wavelength of 350 nm, Ni(OH)2 showed a broadband emission photoluminescence in the blue and also red in the visible spectrum. RTP-H2 curves for NiO showed the presence of peaks on the reduction of Ni2 + to nickel metal. The samples showed catalytic properties of NiO on the reaction of CO / NO.
Obtenção de curvas mestre de compósitos poliméricos estruturais utilizando ensaios dinâmicos mecânicos sob fluência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-08-11)
Rocha, Danielle Ferrari Borges
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Agnelli, José Augusto Marcondes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7592090152400440
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6479212033686641
The growing advanced composites appliance in aircraft s structural parts has demanded to spread the knowledge about mechanical behavior prediction in longer time periods. In this way, the main purpose of this study is to establish an accelerated test method based on mechanical-dynamical-thermal analysis (DMTA), to predict the mechanical behavior of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composites. The DMTA technique was used on two modes: multi-frequency and creep. In the first case, three point bending tests on dynamical mode did not present a good fitting to built master curves, considering the experimental parameters used. Though, creep tests showed good results. In these tests, parameters used as temperature range from 25ºC to 235ºC and isothermals at every 15ºC for 100 minutes allowed to obtain compliance modulus versus time master curves with a good fitting. From the obtained results, it is possible to conclude that the proposed method presented good adhesion to the basic concept of material viscoelasticity, therefore can be used to predict mechanical behavior of composite materials.
Produção de mutantes de Streptomyces clavuligerus nos genes lat, cvm7P e rpoZ e estudo de seus efeitos sobre a produção de ácido clavulânico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-08-11)
Lima, Vanderlei Aparecido de
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Silva, Flávio Henrique da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1757309852446263
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9090461949264421
Molecular biology and genetic engineering have been deployed widely in recent years, several protocols have been established, presenting new methodologies capable of altering the genetics of bacterial strains industrial interest. This research had as main objectives: (1) the construction of the following plasmids: plat, pAMB4 and pAMB3RpoZneo, (2) the production of Streptomyces clavuligerus mutants by gene disruption, by insertion of plasmid integrative, and by replication of multi-copy plasmid in Streptomyces clavuligerus by conjugation and (3) study the effect of these mutations on clavulanic acid production and lipolytic activity. In Spain (University of Leon), six mutants Streptomyces clauligerus lat::apr, Streptomyces clavuligerus cvm7P::neo, Streptomyces clauligerus Lat::apr cvm7P::neo, Streptomyces clavuligerus pRAneoZ, Streptomyces clavuligerus pAMB4 and Streptomyces clavuligerus pAMB3RpoZneo were produced. In Leon, the fermentations were performed with the SA culture medium and only with the mutants Streptomyces clavuligerus lat::apr and Streptomyces clavuligerus pRAneoZ. In this case, there was no statistically significant difference at 5% probability by analysis of variance (ANOVA). In Brazil, the fermentations with all mutants in the culture medium-based oil and soybean meal, showed a different pattern in the production of clavulanic acid. The mutants Streptomyces clavuligerus pAMB3RpoZneo and Streptomyces clavuligerus pRAneoZ (= 5%) showed clavulanic acid titles higher when compared with the wild type. The double mutant Streptomyces clavuligerus lat::apr cvm7P::neo, contrary to expectations, showed the lowest levels of clavulanic acid in relation to its parental strain. Streptomyces clavuligerus pRAneoZ mutant and the mutant Streptomyces clavuligerus pAMB4 control, showed the highest lipolytic activity at 5% probability. The double mutant in turn, had the lowest lipolytic activities. A direct relationship between levels of clavulanic acid and lipase production was observed. All mutants produced in this work could be fermented into bioreactor to assess production levels of clavulanic acid and lipase. The construction of a new double mutant named Streptomyces clavuligerus lat::apr RpoZneo from existing ones mutant could be of great interest to investigate this new combination of mutations on clavulanic acid production and lipolytic activity.
Atividade das enzimas celulase e xilanase durante a decomposição anaeróbia de macrófitas aquáticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-08-12)
Nunes, Maíra de Figueiredo
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Bianchini Júnior, Irineu
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0659731944736389
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3902418392932647
Enzymatic activity during decomposition is extremely important to hydrolyze molecules that are assimilated by microorganisms. During aquatic macrophytes decomposition, enzymes act mainly in the breakdown of lignocellulolytic matrix fibers (i.e. cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) that encompass the refractory fraction from organic matter. Considering the importance of enzymatic activities role in decomposition processes, this study aimed to describe the temporal changes of xylanase and cellulase activities during anaerobic decomposition of the aquatic macrophytes community located at Óleo Lagoon, placed in Ecological Station of Jataí, Luiz Antonio, São Paulo, Brazil. After a survey of existing aquatic macrophytes, 10 species were indentified in the lagoon. They were collected and bioassays were accomplished in the laboratory. Decomposition chambers from each species (n = 10) were set up with dried macrophyte fragments and filtered Óleo Lagoon water. The chambers were incubated at 22.5oC, in the dark and under anaerobic conditions. Enzymatic activities and remaining organic matter were measured periodically during 90 days. Besides this analysis, pH, humification index and carbon types were evaluated. Initial cellulose and hemicellulose was measured for each species. For all the plants xylanase s activitiy was greater than cellulase activity. The results showed no correlation between organic matter decay and enzyme production. This could have occurred because of lignocellulolytic matrix fibers structural differences and also because of physical, chemical and biological characteristics. The incubations showed a low pH, what agrees with Óleo lagoon characteristics, supporting that aquatic macrophytes decomposition interfers in its physical and chemical characteristics. Egeria najas presented a dissolved organic carbon (DOC) accumulation pattern during its decomposition which differed from the other species. This pattern tends to accumulate humic substances and consequently alters some water characteristics. Besides it, E. najas presented the largest distribution over Óleo lagoon area. Emergent species presented the greater amount of particulate organic matter (POM) accumulated in sediment, configuring the main available substrate to anaerobic microorganisms.
Diretrizes para o processo de projeto de edifícios hospitalares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-08-12)
Oliveira, Edgar Peixoto de
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Novaes, Celso Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7340467051481570
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6630171234124576
This paper aims to propose guidelines for the design process of hospital buildings. To achieve this objective, literature review and case studies were conducted in three architectural firms specializing in projects for hospital buildings. It was possible to see how management is performed in the design process in each of these companies and what are the difficulties and differences between the design process of hospital buildings and design process of other built environments. The Company 1 has been operating for 11 years developing architectural plans for the hospital and residential segments, which contributed to identifying the differences between the design processes of these two segments. The Company 2 has been operating for 3 years coordinating the design process of residential, hospital, shopping and hotels, bringing a vision of the management process. The Company 3 has extensive experience in developing architectural plans for the hospital segment, serving for 32 years exclusively in this segment. The observation of the work of these companies, together with the literature review served as a subsidy for the drafting of guidelines for the design process of hospital buildings, as a contribution to the quality of it.
Caracterização e análise da participação e dos conflitos em uma escola transformada em comunidades de aprendizagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-08-13)
Pinheiro, Edneia Virginia
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Conti, Celso Luiz Aparecido
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6967887143687279
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3295597349119182
The objective of this study is to understand the impact of Learning Communities (LC) in a school unit in relation to participation and the conflicts existing within them, highlighting in particular those aspects which facilitate and hamper the manifestation and resolution of the conflicts. Taking as reference the critical communicative methodology, and based on the communicative action concepts, of Habermas, and dialogicity, of Freire, the principal means of data collection of this research was in-depth interviews, carried out with: the head of the EMEB, the deputy director, a schoolmistress, who had been acting for approximately two years as pedagogical coordinator, and a family member. All the people interviewed were involved in one of the unit s two bodies (School Council or Management Commission). We sought, in this way, to understand the existing relationship between the participation of everyone in the school and in the decision-making processes, in a egalitarian manner, and the occurrence of conflicts, seeking to identify which factors stimulate conflicts and which factors inhibit them, and how they manifest themselves in the relations within the unit and in what way the egalitarian dialogue, present in the decision processes of a LC, impacts on these conflicts. The analysis of the data, which embraced both transformative factors and those that appeared as obstacles to transformation, took the form of a collaboration between the individuals interviewed and the researcher, in order to promote dialogue on the content raised, the themes chosen and the understandings reached, aiming for consensus. We were able to observe that many changes occurred in the school unit following the implementation of the LC proposal. Noteworthy among them is the incorporation of egalitarian dialogue in all the relationships, involving the different bodies of the EMEB. We observed that the existence of conflicts in the unit demonstrates its openness to dialogue, enabling everyone to state their opinions and arguments. Conflict, therefore, has acted as a point of departure in the search for understanding, which is established with the communicative action, the fruit of consensus reached by means of the best arguments. This investigation integrates the research Learning communities: a wager on the quality of learning, on the equality of difference and on the democratization of school management , which envisages four axes of investigation: (1) learning to read and write, (2) dialogic learning practices, (3) formative needs and educational potentialities of the surrounding population, with focus on the working conditions of family members and on the environmental conditions and ways of life in that environment, (4) management and participation of the community in the life of the school.
Administração do 8-OH-DPAT no septo dorso lateral de camundongos submetidos ao labirinto em cruz elevado promove efeito ansiolítico que é revertido pelo pré-tratamento local com WAY100635
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-08-13)
Silva, Helvia Arandas Monteiro e
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Souza, Azair Liane Matos do Canto de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2352004564367849
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0234596561772982
Research on anxiety often involves the use of animal models for investigation of therapeutic compounds. Thus, the elevated plus maze (EPM) is one of the most commonly model used in research involving anxiety and it has been validated for rats and mice. Serotonin (5-HT) is a neurotransmitter involved not only in anxiety but also in other disorders. Some reports show that increasing the potency and selectivity of agonists demonstrates that the 5-HT1A receptors are involved in mechanisms of behavioral changes, for example, anxiety. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of agonist and antagonist of 5-HT1A receptors, administered intradorsolateral septum in mice exposed by LCE. The behavioral effects were examined by conventional and ethological analysis of the sessions (tripped) test. In experiment 1, the highest dose of the agonist 8-OH-DPAT (10nmol) induced anxiolytic effect, whereas the lowest dose tested (5.6 nmol) did not provide effect. In experiment 2, injection of the antagonist WAY-100 635 (5.6 nmol) did not alter any of the conventional indices of anxiety. In experiment 3, pretreatment with WAY-100 635 (5.6 nmol) reversed the anxiolytic effect of the two doses of 8-OH-DPAT (5.6 and 10nmol). The results showed that the anxiolytic effect promoted by the agonist of 5-HT1A receptors was blocked by local administration of WAY-100 635, the same receptor antagonist.
Desenvolvimento de eletrodo modificado com filme de polianilina e estudo da viabilidade da aplicação analítica para catecolaminas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-08-13)
Barbosa, Nathália Vieira
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Faria, Ronaldo Censi
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8659496864305621
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7052464924811586
This work describes the development of a polyaniline (PANI) film modified electrode for determination of dopamine (DA) in pharmaceutical formulation. The electropolymerization of PANI film on platinum electrode was performed by cyclic voltammetry in a solution containing 0.1 mol L-1 aniline monomer and 0.5 mol L-1 sulfuric acid. The study of PANI/Pt electrode electrochemical response for determination of DA was carried out by cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. The DA electrochemical responses was obtained after applying a cathodic pretreatment of the PANI electrode, that consisting in applied a potential of -0.7 V for 3 s before each voltammetric measurements. The DA determination by differential pulse voltammetry, presented a better response in 0.1 mol L-1 phosphate buffer solution at pH 6.5 and using the parameters of scan rate (v), pulse amplitude (a) and pulse increment (ΔEi) of 10 mV s-1, 50 mV and 2 mV, respectively. The calibration curve for dopamine presented linear response in the concentration range between 2.22x10-5 and 3.23x10-4 mol L-1, with detection and quantification limits of 1.80x10-5 and 6.00x10-5 mol L-1, respectively. DA recovery studies fulfilled in pharmaceutical formulation sample using PANI/Pt electrode showed recoveries between 98.0 and 104%. The results obtained with the modified electrode were in agreement with the spectrophotometric method with a relative error of 2.39%. The repeatability of PANI/Pt electrode responses was studied in solution of 1.0 mmol L-1 DA and a relative standard deviation of 2.68% was obtained for ten successive cyclic voltammetry carried out electrode cathodically pretreated before each measurement. The feasibility of analytical application of the proposed electrode for determination of catecholamines was evaluated for the adrenaline, noradrenaline and levodopa. The results obtained showed the applicability of the PANI/Pt electrode. The characterization of the PANI film, performed by field emission gun scanning electron microscopy, showed granular and fibrillar morphology which is a characteristic of PANI.
Síntese e avaliação de sílica tipo M41S contendo cátions CTA em transesterificação catalítica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-08-13)
Fabiano, Demian Patrick
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Cardoso, Dilson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2462847535959232
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6746672472192131
The investments in the biofuel production have increased a lot in the last years mainly because of smaller damages they cause to the environment in comparison with the derived conventional petroleum fuels. The reaction of biodiesel formation is denominated transesterification and, nowadays that reaction happens in the presence of homogeneous catalyst as the sodium methoxide, sodium hydroxide, (NaOH) or potassium hydroxide (KOH). However, those catalysts create problems such as the possibility of soap formation and they need stages such as the neutralization and washing of the biodiesel. Moreover, the residues of the hydroxides are aggressive to the environment. To eliminate these and other problems, the present work presents a new technology in heterogeneous catalysts with enough basic force to accomplish the transesterification of vegetable oil in tender conditions. For the first time, hybrid catalysts of the type molecular sieves of the family M41S ([CTA]Si-MCM-41, [CTA]Si-MCM-48 and [CTA]Si-MCM-50) were synthesized and used, without modification, in transesterification reactions with monoesters and vegetable oils. The results show that catalysts reach conversions around 96 % in the transesterification of canola oil (1:18) at 79 ºC, however the activity is reduced when the catalyst is reused, due, mainly, to the lixiviation of the CTA+ cation. However, new techniques are being developed in order to increase the catalyst stability.
Eficiência de Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch) Sorok. no controle de cigarrinhas-das-pastagens (Homoptera: Cercopidae) em capim-marandu (Brachiaria bryzantha) em Corumbiara, Rondônia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-08-13)
Teixeira, Vagner Meira
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Sá, Luiz Alexandre Nogueira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0985007035212882
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2676352999249733
Spittlebugs are the main pests of pasture of America Tropical, among which the genera Deois and Mahanarva stand out. These pests have been causing serious losses in the Brachiaria bryzantha pasture of the Rondônia State, Brazil. The fungus entomopathogenic Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin is considered an efficient agent for the biological control of many insects that represent plagues of agriculture. The objective of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of spraying Brachiaria bryzantha pasture with the fungus M. anisopliae (isolate ESALQ 1037) against naturally infestation with the cattle tick spittlebug nymphs was evaluated. In this work the efficacy the fungus of applied at in twice formulations (concentrated emulsifiable oil and wettable powder), trhee doses (1,0 x109, 1,5 x109, 2 x109 viable conidias ha-1) in once for twice during the pest infested with period. The study was conducted from December 2008 to February 2009 at the Daiane farm in Corumbiara, Rondônia State, Brazil. The fungus was applied from 05 pm, under average temperature of 18 ºC and relative air humidity of 69%. The volume of the solution utilized was 300 liter ha-1 with sprayer. The evaluations were performed at the beginning (day 0), and 15, 32, 45, 61 e and 75 days, being one evaluation before the applications, and five after the applications of this fungus, counting the spittlebugs (nymphs) per 0.0625 m² (0.25 m x 0.25 m square). At 0 days the infestation was of 153,6 nymphs/m². It was verified that the levels of nymphs were reduced after the sprayings of M. anisopliae in all treatments. The stinkbug in efficiency control levels were higher of spittlebug nymphs for aplication fungus isolate, between 85,30% to 93,72%, in 75 days the applications, of this fungus. From these data, we conclude that M. anisopliae isolate ESALQ 1037 was efficient to control spittlebug in the B. bryzantha pasture, thus being a promising choice for use as a microbial insecticide and thus being promising choice familiar agriculture integrated pest management of in the Rondônia State
Síntese de uma coleção de cumarinas, possíveis inibidores da enzima acetilcolinesterase
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-08-13)
Vieira, Lucas Campos Curcino
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Corrêa, Arlene Gonçalves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7425467156776144
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1662838473695956
Alzheimer's disease is associated with decreased rates of acetylcholine (ACh) in synaptic process, decreasing the cortical cholinergic transmission, and other neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, glutamate and substance P in lesser extension. Some drugs used to treat Alzheimer's disease available in the market are inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE). The aim of this work was synthesize and evaluate a library of coumarins with respect to inhibitory activity against AChE in IMERs (Immobilized Enzyme Reactor). This study could contribute to establish the structure-activity relationships and the rational design of possible drugs to treat the Alzheimer's disease. During the development of the project it was used the Knoevenagel condensation between salicyladehydes and diethyl malonate to obtain coumarins. The functionalization of the coumarins had been carried by amidation, nucleophilic substitution, multicomponent and cross coupling reactions. The Suzuki reaction has proved to be an interesting tool to obtain 8-substituted coumarins, a method that has not yet been described in the literature. In total 23 compounds were synthesized. The inhibitory activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated using Ellman s method adapted to a IMER, which offers the advantage of the stationary phase retains the activity of the enzyme with superior stability and thus it can be used multiple times and in flow. Among the synthesized coumarins, ethyl 2-oxo-7-(2-(piperidin-1- yl)ethoxy)-2H-chromene-3-carboxylate proved to be the best inhibitor for AChE, with an IC50 of 6.3 μM.