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A ética e seu lugar na natureza segundo S. Freud
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-09-16)
Piza, Adriana Toledo
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Monzani, Luiz Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2036732603638197
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5987241436359033
The Freudian conception of the unconscious is based on the idea that the human beings and the human actions are essentially determined by the instincts. This notion of instinct , taken from modern biology, refers to the idea that the movements or actions of living beings are designed by fixed patterns of behaviour transmitted genetically. Our research is an attempt to find out how, in such a context, the Freudian theories explain the ethical capacity of human beings, considering such a capacity as the ability of choosing between acting out or not acting out those so-called innate patterns of behaviour. Our analysis of the Freudian texts focuses on the principal shifts of the theories developed by him along his career, trying to point out how his conceptions establish the notion of the human action, as well as how this notion is articulated in the context of the natural sciences.
Desenvolvimento de nanocompósitos poliméricos biodegradáveis a partir de pectina, amido e nanofibras de celulose
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-09-16)
Moreira, Francys Kley Vieira
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Mattoso, Luiz Henrique Capparelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5839043594908917
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7156680316782417
The objective of this project was the preparation of biodegradable films from polymer blends of citrus pectin (PEC) and thermoplastic starch (TPS) and the modification of its mechanical properties by formation of nanocomposites with cellulose nanofibers (NCel). The project was conducted in three stages. Firstly, the nanofibers were obtained from bleached sugarcane bagasse fibers (FBC) by hydrolysis with hydrochloric (HCl) and sulfuric (H2SO4) acids. The characterizations revealed nanofibers with needle-like morphology and diameters lower than 20 nm. The thermal stability of NCel obtained with HCl was higher than H2SO4 one. In the second stage, a factionary factorial design was applied to define a suitable processing condition for TPS/PEC blends (100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75 e 0/100) in a mixer Haake, with posterior microstructural and mechanical characterizations of the blends. It was defined the condition of 130ºC, 160 RPM and 4 min to processing TPS/PEC blends, which showed biphasic microstructure and mechanical strength decreased by increase of TPS content. Due to this, NCel were incorporated at concentration of 1, 5, 10 and 15% (w/w) in the processing under different mixture conditions, aiming the improvement of the mechanical performance of the TPS/PEC blend 50/50. The characterization results evidenced that water vapour permeability, tensile strength and elastic modulus of the blend were significantly improved in 48, 150 and 350%, respectively, only with 5% of NCel. The better results were obtained by use of NCel-S and mixture of the nanocomposite formulations into milling ball equipment. The study of this project evidences the great potential of the cellulose nanofibers to the improvement of the properties in biodegradable polymeric systems based in pectin and starch natural polymers.
Modularização com orientação a aspectos de frameworks desenvolvidos com linguagens de padrões de análise
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-09-17)
Oliveira, André Luiz de
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Penteado, Rosângela Aparecida Dellosso
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4061946080136286
GRN (Gestão de Recursos de Negócio Business Resource Management) pattern language provides a set of patterns in analysis level to support the development of applications which deal with rental, purchase, sale and maintenance transactions of a good or service. GRENJ-OO is an object-oriented (OO) application framework built to support the instantiation of Java applications in the GRN domain. GRENJ-OO instantiates applications that include in their architecture all framework variabilities. The units of this framework, which implement each GRN pattern and their variants, are highly coupled between them, because there are concern tangling and concern scattering related to each one of those patterns. So, the aspect-orientation (OA) techniques were used in each pattern to minimize those problems and a new framework version was obtained, called GRENJ-OA. The improvements of separation of concerns, the coupling reduction, the cohesion increasing and the reduction of the number of lines of code of the majority of the patterns implemented in GRENJ-OA was the result reached after performing a quantitative evaluation based on separation of concerns, coupling, cohesion and size metrics. From the approach used to modularize this framework is introduced the Framework Product Line concept, that consists in a product line which their products are frameworks instead of software applications. From the GRENJ-OO modularization was also possible to extract a process that can be applied to modularize frameworks. This process aims to transform a framework in a Framework Product Line.
Reações multicomponentes de Diels-Alder com parabenzoquinonas : intermediários para Sesquiterpenos Eudesmanos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-09-20)
Vieira, Ygor Willian
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Brocksom, Timothy John
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7055452150201902
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3086973673171449
In the first part of this thesis we describe the study of the oxidation of phenols to p-benzoquinones. The metal complexes used as catalysts in this study are: [CoII(salen)], [CoII(dmsalen)], [CoII(salpn)], [CoII(dmsalpn)], [CuII(salen)], [NiII(salen)] and [VOIV(salen)]. The oxidation with [CoII(salen)] showed better results, oxidizing ten of the eleven phenols employed. We also employed other oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2 30%), OXONE®, dimethyl dioxirane (DMD) and iodoxybenzoic acid (IBX), however, OXONE® and DMD oxidized only the alkyl disubstituted phenols. In the second part, we studied the optimization of the Diels-Alder reaction in multicomponent version (MCR) with p-benzoquinones, as well as the scalingup of these reactions. We also tested this methodology (Diels-Alder/MCR) under microwave irradiation (Scheme 1). The Diels-Alder reactions in the multicomponent version conducted under reflux conditions showed yields in the range of 60-70%. This range was kept up even in the scale up of these reactions to 100 mmol. When these reactions were conducted under microwave irradiation, the yields were obtained in the range of 30-40%. In this case the reactions were conducted in the absence of solvents and was observed a decrease of the reaction time from 24 hours to 30 minutes. A theoretical study of the Diels-Alder reaction was conducted through computer calculations of the frontier molecular orbital energies (HOMO and LUMO), in order to explain the reactivity of diene-dienophiles pairs. Through these calculations we can conclude that the greater the number of alkyl groups attached to double bonds of the dienophile, the lower the reactivity of it face to the Diels-Alder reaction in the normal electron demand. In the case of the dienes it was found by the calculations that the benzamide substituent group is a better activating group to the diene than the acetamide group. Alkyl groups as substituents on the terminal carbon increases the HOMO energy.
História material e formação urbana: a dinâmica socioespacial de Limeira (SP) no século XIX
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-09-20)
Manfredini, Eduardo Alberto
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Silva, Ricardo Siloto da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5346985934880710
This study deals with the socio-spatial dynamics of the city of Limeira, seat of a municipality located in the eastern region of the state of São Paulo, seen primarily through the perspective of the reconstruction of material history registered in this urban nucleus during the 19th century. Research was carried out on the prior period, from 1799 when two Allotments were granted at the confluence of the Jaguari and Atibaia Rivers, the source of the Piracicaba River, and which would become, along with other land allotments, the municipal boundaries up until the final decade of that century. The study is thus based on the apprehension of the process of material evolution that marked the developing urbanization, perceived by the rediscovery of four variable factors which attended the establishment and development of the city: the formation and evolution of the transportation system, the installation and occupation of the urban street network, the location dimension of administrative edifications and the dynamic of urban equipment, both public and private. Research was made to identify how Limeira related to the national, state and regional contexts of that period, to describe the process of establishing towns near the geographical feature known as Morro Azul , or Blue Hill (where the present-day towns of Rio Claro, Araras and Piracicaba are also located), and, lastly, to understand significant social and historical facts related to physical expansion and to economic factors. The occupation of the land before the urban settlement was also dealt with, giving special attention in this process to the socio-spatial issues linked both to Allotments granted in the region and to the farms that were born out of those properties. Besides looking into pertinent scientific and technical literature available, direct documental sources were researched, found in collections of church documents in parishes and diocesan offices, in collections of public documents, in museums and libraries both public and private along with consultation and interpretation of historiographic bibliographies, as well as articles and laws, among others. The analyses which were elaborated show the materiality of space both as a result and as a basis for the evolution of social relationships and for the dominant class to stay in control, evidenced by forms of land appropriation and by the presence of a basis for the socio-spatial segregation found in the city in the next century, even though new configurations for the latter were adopted.
A criança com cegueira congênita na escola: uma análise da mediação de conceitos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-09-20)
Paulino, Vanessa Cristina
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Costa, Maria da Piedade Resende da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5235654050505504
Children grasp information through several senses: touch, sight, smell, taste, and kinesthetic, among them the vision can be considered one of the most important for the acquisition of rich information and less time as well as responsible for the integration of different sensory content. We agree that children with blindness due to the absence of a sensory channel, must have an education that enhances their chances of understanding the world, so do not present conceptual inconsistencies identified in research on the topic. Consistent with these notes aim with this study to analyze the characteristics used by students with congenital blindness in the definition of concepts in the classroom as well as identify which learning contexts were crucial to the meanings. The study included three students with congenital blindness, without other sensory impairments, enrolled in the first cycle of basic education and their regular teachers common. In order to achieve the stated objectives of the Protocol was drafted Observation Activities and Teaching Strategies, which guided the activities record and Detailing of Framework Concepts, which supported the analysis and categorization of data. In addition, interviews were held for the Characterization of Participants - students (A, B and C) and teachers (PA, PB, PC) and applied the questionnaire in Brazil Economic Classification Criterion, those responsible for students. For the analysis of the concepts covered in class, each was categorized as to: Level Approach (primary, secondary or tertiary), Predominant Characteristics, Sensory Attributes / Access and Context of Reference (daily life, school or daily life / school). The results indicated that the conceptual definitions of the participant were based mainly on features related to function (21%) of the concepts and tactile attributes / experience (31%), the participant B was based on the action (38%) of the concepts and auditory attributes / description (20%) and participating in the function C (27%) questioned the concepts and attributes in hearing / description (31%). It is noteworthy that among the three participants in the olfactory and gustatory sensory attributes were not mentioned although they are important resources for obtaining information. With respect to the context of reference, the participant noted the context in daily life situations and 28% of the school at 7%, in other not reported, the participant quoted the daily context B in 40% of their responses and 15% in school, and participant pointed to the daily life context C in 24% of inquiries and 23% in the school context. These results indicate that even when the concepts had been asked tackled primary classroom were related to appropriate information in previous school settings and / or in everyday life. It was also among the participants, mistakes or deviations regarding the conceptual contents that had been made possible in schools, so in addition to motivating environments, educators and family members should assess the understanding of children with blindness in regard to information. Consistently raised the questions that this research concludes that, although it is not possible to generalize their results, that provided information relevant to both parents and for educators regarding the pathways to learning for children with blindness, and provided important , the new studies that suggest strategies that can be used in the context of regular classroom policy, which favors an education for EVERYONE, and to consider the specific learning of students with blindness.
Morfometria de lagoas marginais da bacia do alto Paraguai : relação com a estrutura e dinâmica das comunidades de peixes no Pantanal de Cáceres-MT
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-09-20)
Moura, Nelson Antunes de
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Peret, Alberto Carvalho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0995579236780271
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1153409100467009
Most ecological studies of tropical fishes involve limnology related to reproductive behavior, feeding and migration. This work is an attempt to consider, in the area of fish ecology, a new approach that involves addition of limnological variables, environmental variables morphometric and morphologic environment and determine whether, beyond the flood pulse, these characteristics determine the community structure fish in the wetland. Were chosen ten ponds, regionally called "bays" on the banks of the rivers Paraguay, Paraguaizinho, and Sepotuba Cabaçal. Their morphology and physical and chemical variables of water were measured. A sampling of the ichthyofauna was done in three sampling points in each pond using trawl 3mm between us, 2.5 x25m long. Species richness was analysed using indices of Margalef and Minhinicke. We used multivariate analysis to determine the environmental variables that contributed in determining the structure of fish communities. Correspondence Analysis showed that the major groups of fishes related to species richness in two main groups: periods of low water, drought and flood, and the flood period. The abundance showed clustering contrast, the higher observed during periods of low water, drought and flood and the lowest found during the flood. Results of discriminant analysis demonstrated that the lakes are listed in four categories, depending on the degree of similarity of environmental characteristics. In each category groupings were more strongly related collection period than the limnological and morphometric analysis. However, the group found in the discriminant analysis, the lake VI (Ximbuva) shown by the rounded morphology and the morphometric values smaller lake VIII (the right bank of the river Cabaçal), show that the two are related to the structure of fish community wetland at the local level, while the flood pulse events determined the regional level.
Honra, prudência e justiça na obra política de Thomas Hobbes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-09-21)
Silveira, Ricardo dos Reis
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Cass, Mark Julian Richter
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6549114665097353
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9174752187146794
The work of Thomas Hobbes, based on the Renaissance concepts, builds a new political philosophy which results in original concepts of the state, rights and justice. This thesis focus on Thomas Hobbes most relevant political works: The Elements of Law, Natural and Politic; De Cive and Leviathan to show that the use of a contract, or an agreement enforceable by law, results in a new law concept which the sovereign power is established by the wishes of the individuals. The analysis starts with Hobbes ideas as opposed to the Aristotelic thinking of the politics and the human nature. A critical examination is performed on how Hobbes thinking approached the mechanistic theses, the actual need of these theses to the foundation of his work and finally the main impacts of Hobbes s political works. The examination also explores the concept of honor, prudence, the individual-state relationship and the controversies about justice in the Theory of Plato, Aristotle, Hobbes and Christian. It is concluded that Hobbes's work is among the greatest legacy to the modern States and has a deep influence on the political organizations.
Estudo fitoquímico de Rhabdodendron amazonicum, Conchocarpus inopinatus e avaliação dos compostos isolados na inibição da fotossíntese
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-09-23)
Sá, Israel Cívico Gil de
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Silva, Maria Fátima das Graças Fernandes da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0457632122660653
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6675398945671059
The Rhabdodendron amazonicum is a species of the monogeneric family Rhabdodendraceae, whose species are concentrated in the Amazon, Guianas and northern Bahia-Brazil. Phytochemical study of ethanolic extract of Rhabdodendron amazonicum leaves led to the isolation of a esterified steroid with cinnamic acid, the sitosteril cinnamate, two compounds of the class of ionone sesquiterpenes, Blumenol C and rhabdodendronlactona (unpublished). Another compound nor-ionone was identified via GC-MS analysis, selecting the chromatogram peak corresponding to ion m/z 208, which was identified as 1,5,5-trimethyl-6β-hydroxy-6-but-2-enyl-cyclohexa-1-ene-3- one. The identification of this compound reinforce the proposed biogenesis for rhabdodendronlactona from Blumenol C. Phytochemical study of methanolic extract of stem Conchocarpus inopinatus led to the isolation of three alkaloids: one acridones (methylarborinine), one quinolones (1-methyl-2-phenyl-4- quinolone) and one furoquinoline (dictamnine) and two coumarins, the marmesin and scopoletin. All substances, except for scopoletin were submitted to the inhibition tests of electron transport basal, phosphorylating and uncoupled. But only the marmesin showed inhibitory activity in the basal and uncoupled electron transport. Through measures of chlorophyll fluorescence, analyzing the parameters related to transient OJIP, could suggest the marmesin action in the pool of quinones, inhibiting the transport of electrons from this region. However, to confirm this mechanism of action would require the implementation of other partial reactions involving donors and acceptors of electrons, which were not possible due to the low quantity of isolated compound.
Respostas adaptativas de matrinxã (Brycon amazonicos, (Spix & Agassiz 1829) submetido a diferentes regimes de atividade de natação aeróbica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-09-24)
Fabrizzi, Fernando
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Moraes, Gilberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4427903557163246
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1144207796332494
The exercise training has been highlighted by the effects that they produce directly on the animal physiology. In fishes, there is evidence that the practice of forced swimming brings improvements in growth rates, feed conversion and efficiency of nutrient use. This study evaluates the growth parameters, hematological and metabolic on Brycon amazonicus under different exercise during 30 days. In fishes subjected to aerobic swimming regimen was observed the same growth performance in all tested conditions and oligoglobulia and macrocytosis in fishes that underwent intermittent aerobic swimming activity. In fishes subjected to intermittent regimen of aerobic swimming at intervals activity / rest 12/12hs was observed better nutrient utilization, increase hepatic glycogen reserves, reduction of gluconeogenesis from amino acids, decreased the hepatic biosynthesis of lipids and low lactic fermentation. In conclusion, the forced swimming intermittent / home 12 /12hs regimen showed metabolic advantages over other swimming schemes to expand the range of exercise / rest so we can reassess the growth performance and to evaluate its advantages.
Metodologia de pré-processamento textual para extração de informação sobre efeitos de doenças em artigos científicos do domínio biomédico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-09-24)
Matos, Pablo Freire
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Ciferri, Ricardo Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8382221522817502
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1940393978436664
There is a large volume of unstructured information (i.e., in text format) being published in electronic media, in digital libraries particularly. Thus, the human being becomes restricted to an amount of text that is able to process and to assimilate over time. In this dissertation is proposed a methodology for textual preprocessing to extract information about disease effects in the biomedical domain papers, in order to identify relevant information from a text, to structure and to store this information in a database to provide a future discovery of interesting relationships between the extracted information. The methodology consists of four steps: Data Entrance (Step 1), Sentence Classification (Step 2), Identification of Relevant Terms (Step 3) and Terms Management (Step 4). This methodology uses three information extraction approaches from the literature: machine learning approach, dictionary-based approach and rule-based approach. The first one is developed in Step 2, in which a supervised machine learning algorithm is responsible for classify the sentences. The second and third ones are developed in Step 3, in which a dictionary of terms validated by an expert and rules developed through regular expressions were used to identify relevant terms in sentences. The methodology validation was carried out through its instantiation to an area of the biomedical domain, more specifically using papers on Sickle Cell Anemia. Accordingly, two case studies were conducted in both Step 2 and in Step 3. The obtained accuracy in the sentence classification was above of 60% and F-measure for the negative effect class was above of 70%. These values correspond to the results achieved with the Support Vector Machine algorithm along with the use of the Noise Removal filter. The obtained F-measure with the identification of relevant terms was above of 85% for the fictitious extraction (i.e., manual classification performed by the expert) and above of 80% for the actual extraction (i.e., automatic classification performed by the classifier). The F-measure of the classifier above of 70% and F-measure of the actual extraction above 80% show the relevance of the sentence classification in the proposed methodology. Importantly to say that many false positives would be identified in full text papers without the sentence classification step.
A dupla visão da ginástica laboral no corte manual de cana-de-açúcar: profissionais e cortadores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-09-24)
Novack, Tatiana
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Alves, Francisco José da Costa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9183120186518337
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2252778839115572
The rural working activity subdues the worker to weather variations, the risk of venomous animals bites, sweating which leads to dehydration and most of all the intense muscular activity which causes damages to the physical structure and overload the worker which may lead him to death. These characteristics predicate the need of actions to maintain the health. Some measures are mandatory like the ones in the Regulatory Norm-31, and others, of free support like the ones mentioned in the National Commitment to Improve the Work Conditions of Sugar Cane Work. From the knowledge of the sugar cane cutting activity, the implications at the workers´ health, the information obtained through postural activity, pointed in photographic records and the Workplace Exercises view obtained through interviews with the rural workers and the responsible professionals for the Workplace Exercises, was found that the Workplace Exercises were held once a day, before the beginning of the sugar cane cutting activity in a site distant from the plantation, using multipliers for the purpose, through repetitive and monotonous exercises. Therefore, it was found that the Workplace Exercises is ineffective facing the characteristics encountered during the administration of it.
Da economia agrário-industrial à tecnologia da informação e comunicação: Jaguariúna-SP sob o olhar CTS
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-09-24)
Gomes, Geovane Ferreira
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Sousa, Cidoval Morais de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0573233540937425
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8675429126256018
This dissertation examines under the perspective of the STS field (Science, Technology and Society) the installation process of industries related to the branch of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the 1990s and 2000s, in Jaguariuna/SP. Among other issues, this work aims at identifying the factors that enabled the transition from an agriculture-based model to another focused on ICT, and at how this agrarian-industrial transition impacted socio-economic indicators in the municipality. It starts with the assumption that local policies, such as tax incentives, may even attract investments but are not able to build bonds and secure them in the new territories. It is not the companies and therefore their production models that fit in the new territories; these are molded in different scales to meet the companies interests. A descriptive-documentary methodology was adopted, a survey was performed on national databases, and it was consulted legislation on the subject, which enabled an quality-quantitative analysis of the results. The investigation indicates that the installation of ICT companies impacted positively the social indicators of the city; shows a significant but not dominant role of the local policies to attract such investments; as well as demonstrates the transitory nature of territorial ties and schedules an important debate about the real impact of local culture in these organizations modus operandi.
O uso de jogos na sala de aula para dar significado ao conceito de números inteiros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-09-24)
Neves, Renato Silva
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Malagutti, Pedro Luiz Aparecido
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5462523657624050
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6260115832686024
This work was elaborated from the research on a well-known epistemological obstacle: the difficulty that the students have in understanding the concept of negative number and operations with such numbers. The experience in the classroom shows that this difficulty is indeed wide. To investigate the causes and methods to overcome such obstacles to contribute to the development of studies related to the understanding of the rules of signs of integers, four didactic games were applied: the Activity of Positive and Negative Cards, the Dinosaur s Game, the Hexagon Game and the Matix Game. This work evaluated in which aspects these four didactic games help the teacher to develop a meaningful learning, in addition to improve the performance of creativity, spontaneity and autonomy of learners. As the final product of this Professional Master's Degree, the activities developed were posted on the Professor s Portal created by the Ministry of Education and available on: http://www.portaldoprofessor.mec.gov.br, a virtual environment with educational resources which stimulate and facilitate the work of teachers. Thus, it tried to offer some contribution to studies related to mathematics didactic games with the suggestion of these activities for Primary School.
Compreensão de diferenças culturais para identificar pessoas com potenciais interesses comuns em sites de redes sociais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-09-24)
Astolfi, Gilberto
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Silva, Junia Coutinho Anacleto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6200743168568684
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5124671422031558
In this research we described a way to obtain a method, through a cyclical approach of work, which goals to identify people, users of social networks that are talking about the same subject. The motivation for obtaining this method came from the perceived problem in the Social Network Management Systems, which is to identify and/or group people around the same issue in order to make social touch possible among them. The differential this method is related to consider people's culture as the main point to try to identify the various forms they have to express themselves on a particular issue, and thereby to observe what people are writing about it in the social networks, considering the many ways in which people express themselves. In this context, this method makes use of cultural information get by the Open Mind Common Sense in Brazil Project (OMCS-Br), that goal to collect Brazilians‟ cultural knowledge (ANACLETO, 2008), in order to identify similarity of contexts among different vocabularies. With the purpose of to observe the feasibility of this method, we performed a case study with the participation of people that through questionnaires could opine on the results obtained by the method, in order to observe the feasibility of its applicability.
Os conceitos de liberdade de Isaiah Berlin e a democracia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-09-24)
Simões, Luziana Sant'ana
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Cass, Mark Julian Richter
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6549114665097353
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5684874230547151
This work presents the fundamental differences between Isaiah Berlin‟s positive and negative freedom. It also adds the analysis of other philosophers on the subject. The analysis evaluates the state-of-art on freedom of Berlin‟s work (Two concepts of freedom), seeking its relationship with democracy. In particular, it explores Berlin‟s work in relation to Karl Popper‟s work (The open society and its enemies), where it is noticed that both writers fear totalitarianism, but propose different ways to avoid it. Democracy and the electoral process in Brazil are explained in order to introduce the issue of freedom in which this process occurs, showing that, opposing to what liberal theories say, the Brazilian electoral process occurs inside a fake idea of negative freedom. In practice, this is an exercise of extreme positive freedom.
Comparação entre histologia e espectroscopia de fluorescência para avaliação de atrofia cutânea induzida por glicocorticóide em ratos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-09-24)
Lemos, Moyses Costa
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Polikarpov, Igor
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9669532724764871
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2080016798374773
The gold standard for evaluating skin atrophy is the histological study. When compared to the technique of Fluorescence Spectroscopy (FS), histology requires the physical removal of tissue and their processing in the laboratory, while the FS conducts fast assessments in vivo. The objective of this study was to standardize a methodology for inducing skin atrophy in an experimental model, compare the collagen in normal and atrophic skin, and estimate the potential assessment of FS in skin atrophy. We used 20 adult male Wistar rats, from the UFSCar Central Animal Biotery, kept in a controlled environment. The cutaneous atrophy was induced with topical use of the glucocorticoid Clobetasol propionate 0.05%, 2 times daily for 14 days and evaluated by histological analysis and FS with laser excitation at 532nm and 408nm. We evaluated 96 skin fragments with HE and picrosirius red staining. In biopsies from the first day, the average of epidermal thickness was 44 ± 9μm and, after 14 days of CB, was 16 ± 6μm (p <0.0001), confirming atrophy. This result was confirmed by staining with picrosirius red, which was observed coarsed and disorganized rearrangement of the collagen fibers in the dermis after the use of corticosteroids. For the analysis of results from FS, the spectra have been nominated as "normal" or "atrophic" in correspondence to the histological study. The FS with 408nm laser analysis allowed to distinguish the "normal" and "atrophic" group with fewer spectral parameters. In the future, this technique could be used as a complementary diagnostic method in dermatology.
Análise das práticas da gestão do processo de desenvolvimento de produtos em empresas de revestimento cerâmico do pólo de Santa Gertrudes estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-09-26)
Costa, Marcela Avelina Bataghin
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Toledo, José Carlos de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421627326330417
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7709101582319245
Brazil occupies an outstanding position in the ceramic tile industry worldwide. In 2009 became the second largest consumer market (534.7 million sq), the fifth largest exporter (81 million sq) occupying the second position in the global ranking of producers. The Pole of Santa Gertrudes is responsible for 50% of national production and 15% of total Brazilian exports of ceramic tile. But exports are growing at the Pole a lower rate than the state average. This is due in part to deficiencies in the capacity of the Product Development Process (PDP) by business the Pole, including the management of this process. Product innovations depend on technology suppliers of inputs and equipment which are usually multinational companies. This Master Thesis aims to describe and analyze the management of the process of product development in a representative sample of companies in the ceramic coating Polo Santa Gertrudes-SP, because of their economic importance, focusing on the identification of problems of their management the practices adopted in this process and propose improvements to the performance of the PDP, addressing the needs of current and future capacity of these companies. Was carried out a survey research through visits and face to face interviews in 20 companies of different sizes, located at the Pole ceramic Santa Gertrudes, São Paulo. The Pole has a total of 36 industrial enterprises, therefore the sample represents 55.6% of the population under study. The data are analyzed in order to characterize the companies, test possible correlations between study variables and group companies with similar characteristics into groups (clusters). A correlation analysis showed the dependence between some variables. The cluster analysis generated two clusters, differentiated mainly by the existence of formalized procedures that define the activities of PDP and the realization of export. The cluster I is composed of 14 medium and large and the cluster II by six midsize businesses. The companies in cluster I are characterized by being predominantly family management, the lack of separate design teams, no formal steps that define the activities of PDP and for failure to export their products, while businesses in the cluster II are characterized by a tendency the professionalization of its management, the existence of project teams, formalization of the activities of PDP and even incipient export their products. It was observed that is not common in both clusters the use of tools to support the management of the PDP. In general it is concluded that although the ceramics manufacturers that dictate the pace of production of its suppliers are the suppliers, particularly Colorificio, leading most of the activities of new product development, showing that there is still a dependency in relation to those suppliers, which are usually subsidiaries of multinationals.
Desenvolvimento de compósitos poliméricos baseados em matriz biodegradável e nanozeólitas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-09-27)
Plotegher, Fábio
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Oliveira, Cauê Ribeiro de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5321313558714462
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5490465071052251
The current market demands make with what Brazilian agribusiness search improvements in processes and new materials to reduce waste, pollution and biological contamination. Mainly materials that more are easily degraded by the action of microorganisms or abiotic factors.It is known that the synthetic plastics are difficult of degrade and one alternative to decrease their use and hence the contamination of the environment is the introduction of biodegradable plastics such as thermoplastic starch (TPS). Thus, this study aimed to develop nanocomposites of TPS, seeking conditions for the incorporation of nanozeólitas (ZSM-5) that could confer properties related to control hydrophilicity. The work started in the construction of hydrothermal reactors for the standardization of zeolite. The synthesis gel was based on a molar ratio has been already studied (Al2O3: 60SiO2: 11TPAOH: 900H2O). The hydrothermal treatment was done in five different ways, varying temperatures (100, 150 and 200oC) and time (24, 48 and 72 hours). The five samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen physisorption, particle size analysis by light scattering and scanning electron microscopy at high resolution. The best condition of formation of zeolite phase was 200oC for 24 hours. This synthesis was repeated and characterized by four times to obtain 27g of nanozeólitas to be used to obtain the composite processing. The compositions of thermoplastic starch and nanozeólita were made in a torque rheometer with mass ratios of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10% ZSM-5 TPS, keeping fixed the final mass of the mixture, 45 g. Thermogravimetric analysis of films showed that the increased load of nanozeolites in the matrix polymer no caused change in the temperatures of the events that occur in the mass losses. The results of dynamic mechanical thermal analysis showed no significant variations in glass transition temperatures of the glycerol and starch, which were influenced by the increase of ratio glycerol / starch. The analysis of tensile mechanics showed that up to 6% zeolite added there is no impairment of mechanical properties of films, above this value occurs a lower elastic modulus of the composite and consequently an increase in the deformation of the material also caused by variations in the relationship between ratio glycerol and starch. Statistical analysis of variance for this experiment confirmed the previous supposition. The pervaporation water vapor showed that the increased load of zeolite in the polymer matrix facilitated the passage of water through the polymer matrix due to the presence of the channels characteristic of the zeolite. Statistical analysis of variance showed that the most significant change was the 10% zeolite added. Through these studies we can see that it is possible to incorporation of zeolite in thermoplastic starch using the same equipment used in processing of synthetic plastics. This study also showed that the incorporation of zeolite modified the hydrophilicity of the material facilitating the passage of water vapor by the matrix polymer by channels of zeolite.
Habilidades sociais, depressão, ansiedade e alcoolismo em bombeiros: um estudo correlacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-09-27)
Oliveira, Paula Almeida de
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Del Prette, Almir
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2191226494887247
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6743683762288314
Current researches have elucidated the importance of social skills for the quality of social relations, the well being and mental health of people. Even though mental disorders, regardless of diagnosis, have in common difficulties and losses of social relations, an appropriate social skills repertoire can be considered as a protective factor for depression, anxiety and use of alcohol. Seems relevant to investigate this association and associated factors, because the correlations between social skills deficits and mental disorders, although some disclosures in the literature, is still poorly understood. It is noteworthy also that the job of firefighter has peculiar characteristics that involve risk and compromise the quality of life of these professionals. Considering these aspects, this project aims to examine the relationship between social skills and depression, anxiety and alcoholism among firefighters. Considering these aspects, the present study aims to examine the relation between social skills and depression, anxiety and alcoholism in helping firemen for possible clarifications and understanding of this relationship. It can be defined as specific objectives: (1) To characterize social skills deficits and reserves in this population and also measure indicators for the disorders, (2) identify which classes of social skills deficit are related to mental disorders, (3) relate deficits and reserves of social skills and indicators of depression, anxiety and alcoholism, (4) evaluate possible factors that are related to the repertoire of social skills, for example, working time, gender, job, education, marital status and hierarchical distribution. The sample of this study are 303 military firefighters from a medium-sized city located within the state of Minas Gerais. Participants responded to instruments: Inventory of Social Skills (IHS-Del Prette-), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Anxiety (BAI) and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Data analysis was performed by SPSS statistical software version 15.0 and included descriptive and inferential statistics. It was performed Pearson correlations to examine the relationship between social skills of IHS-Del- Prette and their classes, and indicators of depression, anxiety and alcohol found in psychological tests. It was conducted ANOVA of repeated measures to evaluate intragroup differences between means of different classes of social skills. Considering the social skills repertoire, 22,8% of the firefighters are in need of social skills, while 60,7% amounted to a good and elaborate repertoire. With evidence of depressive symptoms were found 9,9% of firefighters and 8,9% with indicators of moderate to severe anxiety. 72,6% of participants were abstinent or low risk drinkers, other 6,6% reported abuse or dependence. The main findings indicate that social skills correlates significantly in the negative direction with depression (r =-,292, p =,000) and anxiety (r =-,277, p =,000), and not correlated with alcoholism (r =,008, p =,895). Among classes of social skills to obtain a result higher self-affirmation in the expression of positive affect (M = 70,42) and conversation and self-confidence (M = 62,10). The correlation of the first class was negative for depression (r =-,170, p = ,003) and anxiety (r =-,146, p = ,011) and second also being (r =-,277, p =,00) for depression and anxiety (r =-,280, p =,00). Although these correlations are weak, they still are revelant because they indicate a trend in the association between social skills and disorders that should be further investigated.