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Análise dos constituintes fixos e voláteis de fungos endofíticos dos gêneros Penicillium e Xylaria e de suas plantas hospedeiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-10-08)
Santos Filho, Florisvaldo Clementino
;
Rodrigues Filho, Edson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3667941735597178
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6033248350460741
Was conducted the study of chemical constituents volatiles and fixed of endophytes fungi. For this, we used the Penicillium griseoroseum, Penicillium brasilianum, Xylaria (NICL3) and different species of the genus Trichoderma, was also carried out a study of host plants, such as Cupressus lusitanica and Melia azedarach. Through analysis by GC-MS and methodologies for calculations of retention indices were identified monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and diterpenes in the oils of plant and fungus. Compounds similar to essential oils of plants and associated microorganisms led to believe in the existence of biochemical interactions. Transesterification acid reactions was used for extraction of lipid compounds that were identified, characterized and quantified by techniques GC-MS, ¹H NMR and GC-FID. Profiles of methyl esters of fatty acids were found varied according to the species used, leading to mounting a chemo-taxonomic classification. Data quantification according to EN 14 103 showed that two endophytic fungi can be considered a promising source of biofuels. Antifungal assays of essential oil of Cupressus lusitanica were performed against endophytes be showing the importance of volatile compounds in the plant-endophytic microorganism.
Efeitos do chumbo sobre o desenvolvimento do tecido ósseo de ratas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-10-08)
Mattos, Valéria Gonçalves Albieri
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Nonaka, Keico Okino
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4551036775738296
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of lead on femurs and vertebrae during development and skeletal maturity of female rats. For this purpose, one month old female rats were treated with lead acetate 100mg/kg BW or saline 0,9% 0,1ml/100g BW . The treatment was administrated by gastric gavage, once a week, during two months. After the treatment period, the animals received only tap water and commercial chow ad libitum until they completed 6, 9 and 12 months of life. The 3 months old groups were sacrificed soon after the treatment. The incorporation of lead in bone tissue occurred in all groups of intoxicated animals. The lead did not interfere the body development of experimental animals. The lead intoxication induced reduced maximum load, stiffness and resilience of the femur in the threepoint bending test in the groups 6, 9 and 12 months of life. The compression test of vertebrae of contaminated rats showed reduction of biomechanical parameters only in skeletally mature rats (9 months). The present study revealed that lead exposure during early stage of development affected the bone mineral profile leading to biomechanical weakness with skeletal maturity. The results allow us to conclude that lead exposure affects the biomechanical properties of mature bone increasing susceptibility to fractures.
Convergência de elites: a sustentabilidade no mercado financeiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-10-08)
Sartore, Marina de Souza
;
Grün, Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6028266827740491
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7935836189977378
The launch of the Brazilian Corporate Sustainability Index in Sao Paulo s Stock Market, analyzed through an economic approach, can be reduced to a new financial tool which measures the profitability of Sustainable listed companies. However, through a sociological approach, the launch of this index is equivalent to the creation of the Brazilian Socially Responsible Investment Market. The creation of this market demonstrates the emergence of new polarizations in the Economic Field, particularly in the Financial Field. These new polarizations indicate a change in the Financial Field, which presents a new way of thinking the Financial Market based on taking account of social, environmental and financial criteria. This change emerges from an elite convergence which challenges the limits of the Financial Field, at the same time trying to reinvent the Financial Market through a proposal of a Sustainable Capitalism. This thesis indicates that it s possible to understand the creation of Socially Responsible Investment Market by studying the actors and institutions that participate in the Corporate Sustainability Index s Committee. As a result, this study emphasizes the urge of developing a Sociology of Indexes. At last, this thesis concludes that the Sustainability insertion in the Financial Field is legitimated by a group acting in the financial area, which converges with the Corporate Social Responsibility s and The Environmental Movement s elite, in an attempt to turn the table of mainstream finance. However, this mainstream turn does not push towards the ending of financial market, but it s strengthening instead.
Determinação simultânea de íons metálicos utilizando voltametria de redissolução anódica e métodos de calibração multivariada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-10-14)
Marreto, Paola Daniele
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Faria, Ronaldo Censi
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8659496864305621
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3608366417250207
This work describes the determination of Cu2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Zn2+ and Co2+ using electroanalytical techniques and analyzing the data with chemometric tools. First, an univariate approach was used to investigate RMSEParately each ion using anodic stripping voltammetry in two different concentration range, mg L-1 and μg L-1. Then, the voltammetric profiles were measured for the mixture to check for interaction among them. In a second step, an orthogonal array with 16 experiments was used a calibration matrix and a second one with 10 samples as validation group. Then the profiles were mean centered and the PLS algorithm with different kind or data transformation were used to calculated both the cross validation and external validation. To improve the results KS and SPXY methods were also used. PLS results were the best method for the cross calibration detection but such procedure leaded only to correct measuring of 3 different ions. Following, the SPA method were used together with KS and SPXY and results shown the correct determination of 4 ions with external validation. A further improvement of the results were obtained when the SPA procedure were used together with MLR method to select the variables (potentials, in the present case). In this case, the prediction capacity increased and also the effect of variables selection and its correlation with the formation of intermetallic compounds were evaluated.
Aproveitamento do caroço do açaí como substrato para a produção de enzimas por fermentação em estado sólido
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-10-14)
Santos, Rodrigo Rafael Mendonça dos
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Pessoa, José Dalton Cruz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4212703554284544
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5649914970078519
The açaí agroindustry is the most important productive chains in northern Brazil. The residues in the marketing of açaí consists mainly of its pits, which are discarded in landfills and waterways without any treatment. A possible application to açaí pits is its use as substrate for solid state fermentation (SSF) for the production of lignocellulolytic enzymes as CMCase and xylanase, which act in the conversion of lignocellulosic materials into fermentable sugars. Currently, the cost of production of these enzymes has emerged as the biggest obstacle to the use of agro-industrial waste and the process of SSF gained prominence in this context due to several advantages over other technologies. The SSF process presents a large number of variables that affect the production of metabolites of interest, highlighting the sources of carbon and nitrogen, inducing growth and mineral salts. This study aimed to evaluate the use of pits of açaí as substrate for enzyme production by SSF evaluating the influence of the composition of culture medium for SSF through application of the methodology of statistical design full factorial 24 for selection of significant variables. The variables studied were the initial medium moisture and the concentrations of meat peptone extract, yeast extract, and CMC. After extraction of the enzyme complex and quantification of CMCase and xylanase activities, the variables of concentration of meat peptone extract and yeast extract were significant for enzyme production. Subsequently, a central composite rotatable design (CCRD) was made to achieve the optimization of the process parameters. The highest activities were obtained by increasing the concentration of meat peptone extract and yeast extract, reaching 8.24 U g-1 and 8.08 U g-1, to CMCase and xylanase, values, respectively. Additional tests were made at concentrations three times higher than those used at the midpoint of the CCRD, which indicated an increase of 1.59 and 1.16 times in the enzymatic activities of CMCase and xylanase, respectively. However, by Tukey test, these increases did not differ statistically in comparison to the tests results obtained using concentrations of reagents encoded at +1.41, giving economic advantage to the tests made with smaller amounts of reagents. The pit of açai has shown promising as a substrate for SSF, but additional studies are performed to define and optimize the process parameters.
Estudos cinéticos e fotoquímicos de compostos de Ru(II) com ligantes bipiridínicos e bifosfínicos de fórmula geral cis- [RuCl2(P-P)(N-N)] (P-P = bifosfinas e N-N N-heterocíclicos bidentados)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-10-14)
Nascimento, Fábio Batista do
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Batista, Alzir Azevedo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6469642481998660
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8022643415351039
In this thesis it were studied substitution reactions in ruthenium complexes of the type cis-[RuCl2(P-P)(N-N)] and cis-[RuCl2(dppb)(N-O)] (P-P = dppm, dppe, dppp and dppb; N-N = bipy, Me-bipy, MeO-bipy, Cl-bipy and fen; N-O = 2-acpy, 2-bzpy and 2- dpk). For all complexes, in a period of 24 hours, there was only the substitution of a chloride (Cl-) coordinated to the metal. The ligands used in substitution reactions and kinetic studies were: py, 4-pic and coordenant solvents (CH3CN and PhCN). Only the Cl- trans positioned to P of diphosphines was labilized giving rise to the entering ligand, confirming the greater trans effect of phosphine ligands in relation to N-N and N-O. The mechanism attributed to substitution reactions was dissociative because the reactions do not show dependence of ligand entry. DFT calculations showed the effective participation of the Cl atom trans to the P atom of the diphosphines in the formation of the HOMO orbital. This fact shows that the reactivity of Cl atoms is different and they can be replaced selectively. Good linearity was observed for the percentage of participation of d orbitals of ruthenium in the formation of HOMO for the dissociation of Cl- complex indicating that the strength of the Ru-Cl- bond is due to the direct interaction of the orbitals of Cl- and the d orbitals of ruthenium. Exploratory studies using irradiation of light at fixed wavelengths were performed to study possible influence of the effect of the exchange rate of Cl- and also on the isomerization reaction trans/cis-[RuCl2(dppb)(bipy)]. An increase in the rate of exchange reaction was observed in the kinetics of substitution. In the isomerization processes were not observed. The substitution reactions of Cl- in the complexes cis- [RuCl2(dppb)(N-N)] (N-N = bipy and phen) by nitrile ligands (e.g. PhCN and CH3CN), lead to the formation of complexes in which trans ligands L were coordinated by the nitrogen atom of the ligands N-N in the final complex. However, studies of 31P{1H} NMR and cyclic voltammetry confirmed that the reactions take place initially with the replacement of L trans to P atom followed by an isomerization process. This is attributed to the strong competition of π between nitrile and phosphine ligands, and its final position is determined by this effect.
Sinterização, cristalização, desenvolvimento e caracterização de vitrocerâmicas de baixo coeficiente de expansão térmica do sistema Li2O - Al2O3 SiO2 (LAS)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-10-15)
Soares, Viviane Oliveira
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Zanotto, Edgar Dutra
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1055167132036400
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3453493533943934
Glass-ceramics based on the Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 (LAS) system represent the most important (commercial) family. They are required for applications where extreme dimensional stability and thermal shock resistance are of utmost importance. Glass-ceramics are mainly produced by the traditional method of melting and shaping followed by internal crystallization induced by nucleating agents and thermal treatments. In this work an alternative route to obtain glassceramics in the LAS system was developed by sintering with concurrent crystallization. Very low thermal expansion coefficient (TEC), good mechanical strength and nil porosity were the intended properties. Several glass compositions in this system were formulated and evaluated. The samples were characterized by optical and electrical microscopy, X-ray diffraction and dilatometry. The optimized glass-ceramic composition presented 1.4% of residual pore fraction and thermal expansion coefficient of 0.02 x 10-6 ºC-1 between 40C and 500C. The Clusters model was used to simulate its sintering process and good agreement with experimental data was achieved. Excellent thermal shock resistance up to 600C and a flexural strength similar to that of the commercial glass-ceramic Ceranwere obtained. In order to minimize the residual porosity and improve the superficial properties of the sintered LAS glass-ceramic, silica and silica/zirconia coatings obtained by solgel route were deposited by dip coating on the glass-ceramic surface. The silica/zirconia coating (TMZ), which was only 0,4 m thick, was the hardest one and exhibited the highest wear resistance. The sintered glass-ceramic here developed showed similar dimensional stability and mechanical properties to the commercial material Ceran, which indicate its potential application, for example, as cook top panels. viii
Estudo teórico e experimental da interação de elétrons com moléculas poliatômicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-10-15)
Souza, Gabriel Luiz Cruz de
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Tao, Lee Mu
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5112032594921811
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2821352329397835
In this work, we present an improvement on theoretical study of electron scattering by medium-size molecules at intermediate incident energy range, lying from the ionization threshold to 1 keV. More specifically, the absorption effects which represent the influence of inelastic scattering channels on the elastic channel were accounted for via the Padé Approximant technique. Modifications were introduced in the EPolyScat-D computational code, developed originally by Lucchese and co-workers in order to include such effects. The modified code was applied to calculate differential (DCS), integral (ICS), momentum transfer (MTCS), total (TCS) and total absorption (TACS) cross for electron collision with mediumsize hydrocarbon molecules, namely, ethane (C2H6), propane (C3H8) and benzene (C6H6) in the low- and intermediate energies. Our theoretical results were compared with the experimental data measured in Laboratório de Espalhamento de Elétrons DQ UFSCar and with the existing theoretical and /or experimental data. The good agreement seen in such comparison shows the effectiveness of our method. The extension of the applicability of the present code in order to investigate also electron scattering by polar molecules is now underway. Additionally, an experimental part of the present work consists of the measurement of absolute DCS for electron scattering with sulphur dioxide molecule (SO2) in the 100 1000 eV energy range. Our DCS were compared with the existing theoretical and/or measured data reported by others research groups and showed good agreement.
O silêncio dos aprendizes: um estudo sobre o "período silencioso prolongado" de aprendizes de língua estrangeira (inglês)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-10-19)
Toledo, Fabiano Bernardes de
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Viana, Nelson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6252579012192711
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2488246391118032
The aim of this work was to investigate factors that could be related to the silence (in the classroom) of students of English as a foreign language at advanced levels of study, a phenomenon that we will call prolonged silence period, based on Krashen‟s silent period concept. According to this concept, it is natural that students at the beginning of the learning process of a new language go through a period in which they remain silent, just receiving linguistic input, until they have acquired some knowledge and the necessary confidence to start talking. Some students, however, tend to remain silent in class, even at higher levels of language study. In this investigation, we focus on how these students act in class. This work is based on studies about affective factors involved in the language teaching and learning process carried out by Brown (2000), Almeida Filho (1993) and Krashen & Terrell (1998), on studies about students beliefs regarding this process, carried out by Vieira-Abrahão and Barcelos (2006), Barcelos (2001) and Almeida Filho (1993), among others. The methodology of the research involves interviews, field notes, questionnaires, student´s retrospective selfevaluation, and audio and video recordings with students from two intermediateadvanced level groups and three advanced level groups of a private language institute. The goal is to identify and discuss possible factors that contribute to the lack of oral participation of these students in class, as well as their beliefs regarding the foreign language teaching and learning process, especially as it is related to oral practice. Through this work we verified, for example, the existence of a belief according to which being at an advanced level of learning of the target language means not being allowed to make mistakes, due to the thought that at this level of studies the oral production must be free from errors. Consequently, to avoid making such errors, some students opt to remain silent in class.
Estudantes moçambicanos em Belo Horizonte: uma discussão sobre a construção identitária e de redes de sociabilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-10-20)
Ngomane, Yara Neusa
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Machado, Igor José de Renó
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4705450652848752
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7234441229568980
The paper shows how identity processes are built for Mozambican students established in Belo Horizonte - arriving through agreements between governments and higher institutions of both countries - and how are woven their social networks. To this end, these students were observed as they related to each other, with Brazilians and Africans of other nationalities in their daily life. Through the fieldwork was noted in this migration, family networks and kinship being re-built. Likewise, through stories of prejudice and exoticism about the way of being and living of these individuals, their phenotype and behavior, it was perceived as ethnic and race relations were taking place and these students were transformed into Brazilian territory. Thus, throughout the dissertation refers to the concepts of ethnicity, race, nationality, kinship and social networks because they are interwoven to show a better understanding of the presence of Mozambican students in Brazil.
Uso de "ecotécnicas" no manejo de águas pluviais em meio urbano: uma abordagem crítica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-10-21)
Silva, Eduardo Araujo
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Silva, Ricardo Siloto da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5346985934880710
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5330738759062637
The environmental situation of the cities, especially the larger ones, presents serious problems arising from human's inability to meet the demands of the agglomerations as they are settled, generating environments with low conditions of habitability. The supremacy of economic interests on natural ecosystems has established a complex network of impacts in raising resources to build the cities, from the extraction of material to the issuance of its final waste. In the last decades, several issues have been presented, many of them referring to urban systems, however, in spite of all the discussion related to preservation and restoration of ecosystems, there are still few transformations to be seen in the cities. This work aims to identify possible confrontations for this panorama, facing both the needs to meet demands for urban infrastructure and to preserve the environment by broadening the debate about implementation of solutions that comply characteristics and cycles of the territory, as well as increasing environmental quality to conviviality. Emphasis was given to the systems of rainwater management, since its inadequacies or shortcomings have been causing crescent collapses, with catastrophic consequences and severe damage to the affected populations. From reviewing some specific literature to this theme, such as Natural Engineering and Bioengineering of Soils, the concept of Urban Ecotechnique was defined, in which 8 variables have been outlined to analyze the application of 28 building techniques related to rainwater management systems, in order to evaluate the degree of service in qualitative sense. Finally, it has been done a discussion of the results from the interpolation of the information collected in an array, where the 28 techniques were crossed with the 8 variables, in an attempt to synthesize and better illustrate the result of the research process. It was noted that, in addition to the different degrees of service and readings generated, the association in chain of Ecotechniques and the cultural transformation of society can be guiding parameters of new attitudes to overcome the current situation. It was then concluded that the employment of Ecotechniques has been shown as a viable way of allying the resolution of urban environmental issues to the promotion of a cultural transformation that integrates people to the built environment, in a complete and natural way.
Perfil epidemiológico e fatores associados ao óbito por tuberculose no Departamento Regional de Saúde III do estado de São Paulo (2006-2008)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-10-22)
Yamamura, Mellina
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Figueiredo, Rosely Moralez de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2597491235073085
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6221450513629923
The area of the Regional Department of Health (DRS) III has been demonstrating that it possesses good indicators of life quality, besides a number of establishments of health that you/they overcome the average of the state. However, studies demonstrate that the reality of control of TB is far away from the established rates for the organs of health. The death for TB should be a rare event, some authorities of health have been recommending the establishment of a surveillance that qualifies the information through the verification of the death, using methods that identify diagnosis mistakes, what really appears not just for the characteristics of the lethality as a quality indicator and of the treatment opportunity, but it goes much beyond, with the observation of deaths non included previously. It was aimed at to characterize the epidemic profile of the cases of TB that you/they developed for death registered in DRS III of the state of São Paulo, in the period from 2006 to 2008. It was treated of a quantitative and descriptive exploratory study, in which the information of the database were used TBWeb and YES. In the YES, it was used CID regarding the definition of TB, that you/they are the classifications of A15.0 to A19.9. After the individual collection of each bank, the information were confronted for the possible identification of cases subnotificados or sub detected. The characterization of the profile epidemic of the cases of TBWeb identified that, of the 640 cases notified in the period, 22 developed for death, being these 82% of the masculine sex; the predominant age group was of 30-59 years, but with occurrences also among the ends of age, only that in smaller frequency; education from 4 to 7 years of studies; defined occupation as others e not specified in the system; it forms lung clinic in 95% of the cases; in discovery type, 45% happened in the service of Emergency, and the comorbidade alcoholism appeared in 45% of the cases. In the YES, they were identified 34 death declarations that contained as basic cause one of CID with definition of TB and similar occurrence was observed: the masculine sex presents larger acometimento (73,5%), with age group between 30 and 59 years and 91% of the deaths for TB happened in the hospitalar. In the confrontment of the data, he/she identified only 22 cases in common, and 11 were notified in TBWeb, but they were not in the YES and 12 were in the YES, but they consisted in TBWeb. This way, the total of deaths for TB of the area was of 45 cases. The analysis of the systems of information YES and TBWeb identified inconsistency of data pointing flaws in the completion of the same ones. The information disponibilizeds indicate the need of better qualification of the same ones, what can feel through the involved professionals' larger training, as well as for the establishment of periodic confrontments of data in search of possible mistakes. Although they are clear the limitations of the research, imposed partially by the quality of the data, the study made possible to know the profile of the population more reached by the disease and your possible tendencies. It is done necessary also to detach that these information cannot be considered in real time, because although the systems are on-line, it is observed that there is still delay in the flow of the information.
Da filantropia à responsabilidade social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-10-22)
Assis, Karina Gomes de
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Grün, Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6028266827740491
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4058077286734344
In this work, from a case study approach, we discuss social responsibility from the idea of philanthropy. Analyzing the Brazilian subsidiary of a north-american cosmetics company whose disclosures says their social actions began in the nineteenth century, we point out and discuss the changes in the forms of involvement with society and how it deals with the issue of social responsibility. We addressed the most significant changes the behavior of the company in social issues and the kind of engagement with actors outside the firm. Therefore, we performed the analysis of the material of the company and its social projects, interviews with people involved in these projects and a literature search on the topics addressed. The results show a change in the treatment of social issues by the company and the importance of emotion in marketing the company and its social responsibility programs for customers and resellers of the brand, while for the market the use of this emotion is justified in a ' more rational ' manner. It became apparent even to the insertion of new actors in the framework of responsibility and commitment: government agencies, resellers, customers, non-governmental organizations are being included in the context of responsibility, making the idea of social responsibility be seen as a joint and not an individual attitude of the company.
Constituição e sociedade: uma análise sobre a (re)formulação da arquitetura do Estado-Nação na Assembleia Nacional Constituinte de 1933
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-10-22)
Cabral, Rafael Lamera
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Cepêda, Vera Alves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4917331423373631
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8035594335420500
The objective of this research was to examine, within the platform for social change that is promoted by the Revolution of 1930 until reconstitucionalização the country with the National Constituent Assembly - NCA in 1933, the themes (i) federalism, (ii) regulation work and (iii) class representation were incorporated, through the political disputes, when it was projected to be (re) formulation in the architecture of the Brazilian Nation-State. The constitutional process performed showed the presence of the state politics (through the issues and social work) and Law (in its formatting in the legal framework Law of State) would be critical to the passage of modernity in Brazil. This constitution would be the first of the historic constitutional political and legal thinking about the modern Brazilian and both had important characteristics, because it gave voice to political and social actors in the ANC (the recruitment election result was a generalization multiplied in their representations to the model classical liberal model and the class/organic, with the participation of women, capital and labor). More than institutional innovations in engineering these changes expressed the structural transformation of Brazilian society in the period. If the new actors and interests could not be concerted in the frame of the old Constitution, it became necessary to further the political agenda and a new form of negotiation. Analyses were performed by mapping three phases of political disputes culminating in the final text of the Constitution: it was to a) draft constitution sponsored by the subcommittee of the Foreign Office (official proposal of the Provisional Government), b) discussions constituents (represented by opinion of the 26) and c) the final text of the Constitution. Across these three crops appear in the disputes highlighted the themes of federalism, the regulation of labor rights and class representation, expressions of changes in the modernization process underway in the country as resources and strategies with regard to constitutional procedure.
Economia solidária como estratégia para o desenvolvimento territorial: a atuação da INCOOP no Jardim Gongaza e entorno, São Carlos, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-10-25)
Ferreira, Danilo Malta
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Shimbo, Ioshiaqui
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6315114291031702
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2047056981012254
Considerações sobre a utilização de pavimentos intertravados e betuminosos em áreas urbanas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-10-25)
Carvalho, Denise Barroso Andrade
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Ferreira, Marcos Antonio Garcia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2643134259454260
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6253896178328457
The reality of pavement in médium and small brazilian cities is the execution of urban roads devoid of study, planning and sizing. This situation occurres a less useful life, a big maintenance cost and a big environmental degradation. Concerning this situation, allied the fact of the financial resources are usually insufficient since there is also the necessity of improvement in other social areas like basic sanitation, health and education, this work searches to establish guideline to help minicipal administrations to choose better the type of pavement to be used, concerning the trafficability, environmental and economic aspects. It is still imperative, it notes the cost of new ambiental requirement in the execution of paviments generating main for production process, and for taxes quarterly collected for the public organ. This study contemplates the interlocked and bituminous (bituminous hot machined concrete) pavements. It is presented a study of case in Passos city, Minas Gerais, searching to do a comparative analysis of these two types of pavements accomplishment. The result permited to collect an extense group of variables that can be used for definition of economic, tafficability and environmental aspects. It also permited a satisfatory evaluation of choosed methods for comparative analysis done by case study.
As múltiplas funções da agricultura familiar: um estudo no assentamento Monte Alegre - Araraquara/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-10-25)
Gavioli, Felipe Rosafa
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Costa, Manoel Baltasar Baptista da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4748534388515487
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6986957391734201
From the emergency of the idea of sustainability, agriculture has acquired new connotations beyond the productive aspect, and associated with conservation of natural resources and rural territories, in recognition of their multifunctionality. Based on this concept, which values the socioenvironmental functions performed by rural families, the present work made an analysis on the rural settlement Monte Alegre, in the state of São Paulo, and identifies the functions beyond the production and their expression in this particular territory. The research starts form the hypothesis that family farming, by its polyvalence and by its sociocultural aspects, has the potential to conserve natural resources, ensuring food security of society, maintain cultures and ways of life in the countryside, among other aspects that are tributaries of the practice of agriculture. With a methodology based on qualitative and quantitative information, it was observed that the focused settlement has an agriculture that carries with it questions of identity, territorial cohesion, agrobiodiversity conservation and encouragement to other productive activities being the central element of the rebuild of a rural way of life in this environment.
Dinâmica da inovação tecnológica no Brasil: estudo do segmento de máquinas e implementos agrícolas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-10-25)
Lucente, Adriano dos Reis
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Nantes, José Flávio Diniz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1900976112613026
This study aimed to characterize the dynamics of technological innovation in Brazilian MIA segment. To achieve this objective this work realized a survey with IBGE information, the institution responsible for carrying out PINTECs occurred between 1998 and 2005, which allowed a quantitative analysis about technological innovations on MIA companies. In addition, a national scenario with a qualitative analysis was elaborated, based on surveys conducted by IBGE and on a field research in five MIA´s manufacturers companies of São Paulo state. Results indicate that technological changes have changed the way MIA companies treat the needs of their customers by improving the processes of development and manufacture of products. Moreover, it was found that the variables size and export orientation significantly influence the innovative activities. The influence of size company on innovative activity is justified by the fact that the larger companies find it easier to finance innovative projects and the returns of innovation are more expressive when the company has increased sales volume and the fixed costs are more easily absorbed. The export orientation also generates positive impacts on the ability to innovate, because the international competitiveness encourages investments in innovative activities. Exports, while facilitating the expansion of markets, contributing effectively to the reduction of fixed costs generated in the process of innovation.
Mensuração e controle dos custos na cadeia interna de valor: um estudo de caso na suinocultura da região norte de Mato Grosso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-10-26)
Sornberger, Geovane Paulo
;
Nantes, José Flávio Diniz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1900976112613026
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0905948361902938
The objective of this study was to propose systematic processes to measure and control costs of the Complete Production Cycle in a pork carcass manufacturer. Such processes will evidence the contribution of each internal value chain activity towards the generation of economic result. The methodology used includes a qualitative research and a case study. In addition to the literature review, the data were collected according to the following steps: (i) mapping the productive process in loco, which was considered the direct observation phase; (ii) semi-structured interviews with decision makers and those responsible for value activities; and (iii) documentary research through the analysis of internal documents. Based on the understanding of how the activities manage and use the resources, it was possible to develop systematic processes that enable cost analysis and the assessment of the contribution of each value activity towards the creation of operating results in the company. Those systematic processes can assist decision makers through different analyses of the company s internal value chain allowing comparisons with services provided by competitors. In general, it can be said that the adoption of the systematic processes proposed allows continuous assessment of all value activities of the company ensuring adequate and proper decision making.
Certificação de grãos no estado de Mato Grosso: estudo de caso em uma empresa produtora e exportadora de soja
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-10-26)
Redivo, Arlete
;
Nantes, José Flávio Diniz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1900976112613026
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2210524417319849
Large sized companies in the grain segment are trying to make their products stand out in the market. In order to do so, they seek for certification to meet the expectations of consumer markets, regarding the intrinsic quality of the grains traded, aiming to ensure health and socioenvironmental responsibility. Worries related to the environment expressed by the rejection of consumer class in acquiring goods that throughout their life span may cause environmental harm and the trends resulting from changes in the standards of competition, derived from the new scenario of increasingly open and globalized economy, as well as the lack of quality certificates for those products, justify such market behavior. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the certification programs used by a company that acts as a producer and exporter of soybeans in the state of Mato Grosso, highlighting the benefits and difficulties faced by the organization to obtain and maintain such programs once they were implemented. The proposed research approach was qualitative, exploratory, carrying out a case study, which used a single case, and the information was gathered from those responsible for process of implementation and maintenance of grain certification. Through the development of the research, it was possible to observe the certification process of grains as an instrument that may be compatible with the diversification of production and increase in the interactions established between the producers and the actors involved in the trade and export of grains. The main contributions of this study were the noticed benefits in the implementation of certificates and seals that have the role of catalyzing the changes in the production process with credibility and commitment to continuous improvement. On the other hand, in order to reduce the identified difficulties, what we proposed are some criteria and procedures that could be included in the adoption of the certificate to ease the implementation process.