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Variação genética em Salminus hilarii (Valenciennes, 1849) na região do Alto Rio São Francisco, MG e contribuições para a conservação do grupo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-26)
Nunes, Aline Galindo
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Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7305656895958851
The São Francisco river comprises one of the largest and most important river basins of Brazil and one of its main characteristics is the variety of fish species. The genus Salminus (Characiformes: Characidae) constitutes a group of migratory fish with great economic importance in fishing and gastronomy. Within this genus, Salminus hilarii (tabarana), due to its high degree of selectivity for the environment and to occupy the top of the food chain, of great importance to the ecosystem and a good indicator of environmental impacts. Many studies on conservation and population genetics have been conducted using molecular markers such as microsatellites, which can provide data on the genetic processes that are acting in a given population. These markers have relatively conserved flanking sequences, which allows the use of primers that were originally designed for other phylogenetically related species. In this study, nine polymorphic microsatellite loci isolated from Salminus franciscanus were used to assess the genetic variation of S. hilarii collected in three localities in the upper São Francisco river basin, aiming to evaluate the level of genetic variation and identify evidence of population structure, providing support for conservation of this group of fish and contributing effectively to maintain the biodiversity of this ecosystem. The cross amplification results were efficient and were able to identify a relatively high level of genetic variation. Moreover, it was possible to observe the absence of genetic structure between populations, suggesting the occurrence of gene flow between them enough to maintenance of the genetic homogeneity of this populations. These results are important tools, since they can provide information for understanding the behavior and biology of these fish to fisheries management and conservation programs.
Estudo sobre o hidróxido de potássio no processo de produção industrial de poliol poliéter
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-26)
Baixo, Rogério Dias
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Tsunoda, Mitsukimi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7842686360162069
Metallic ions may interact with polyether polyols giving macromolecular complexes. From this approach, it was investigated the interaction of cationic potassium with polyether polyols by means of several techniques in order to proof complexation as well as its ocurrence. The industrial synthesis of polyether polyols does not result in a pure product but gives a mixture with a range of molecular weights. The preparative chromatography was used to isolate a selection of products with representative molecular weights. The mass spectrometry was used to analyse the chromatographically separated fractions with representative molecular weights. The conductivimetric study of polyether polyols solutions containing potassium ions allowed detection of interactions occurring between the organic molecules and the metallic ions, implying the existence of complexation capacity in the linear ligands. The complexation of the cationic potassium was further confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance. The small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) spectroscopy allowed the characterization of the size and morphology of the macromolecular complexes. The polyether polyols used in the present study were supplied from DOW Brasil S.A.
Perfil epidemiológico dos casos de tuberculose resistente em hospital especializado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-26)
Zanoti, Márcia Diana Umebayashi
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Figueiredo, Rosely Moralez de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2597491235073085
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8992030800589489
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major challenge to the health sector, both by the high incidence of the disease and the emergence of resistant strains, making it a priority on the global agenda of Health. The aim of this study was to characterize the epidemiological profile of TB cases resistant at the Hospital Estadual Nestor Goulart Reis in Américo Brasiliense - SP. This is a retrospective, exploratory and descriptive study, which analyzed 55 adult patients of both sexes, with positive culture results for Mycobacterium tuberculosis that presented any antibiotic drug resistance and who were tested at the hospital between January 2005 to December 2008, comprising 10.9% of inpatients. All of them had pulmonary tuberculosis disease, 70.9% were men, at admission 69.1% were unemployed and 81.8% had one hospitalization. Among the associated comorbidities, alcoholism emerged with 43.6% and AIDS with 10.2%, over 70% were referred from primary care and specialty clinic; 32.7% were resistant to at least one drug and 54.5% TB were multiple drugs resistant. The treatment most used was the Scheme 1 in 31% of patients and Scheme 1R in 18,2%. It was observed fragility in the adequacy of the therapeutic scheme with the sensibility test, beyond the average time of 65 days to its return. Regarding the closure of cases, 23.6% were successfully cured and 12.7% died. It is concluded that the situation of TB drug-resistant in the study area deserves special attention considering that the cure rates are lower than recommended levels. It is suggested that the process of local work must be reassessed, particularly the flow of biological material, as well as a guarantee that such results subsidize the institution of drug therapy.
Estudo biológico de linhagens do protozoário ciliado Paramecium Caudatum Ehrenberg, 1833 e avaliação experimental do efeito tóxico do agrotóxico Fipronil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-26)
Alves, Henrique Cezar
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Seleghim, Mirna Helena Regali
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5998337634888263
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8695372570802215
Protozoans has been proposed as biological indicators of water pollution due to their sensitivity to environmental changes, their short life cycle and easy cultivation, this work intended to study two strains of the ciliated protozoan Paramecium caudatum Ehrenberg, 1833 (PC1 isolated from the Monjolinho Reservoir - São Carlos-SP and maintained in monoxenic culture at the Laboratory of Ecology of Aquatic Microorganisms of UFSCar and PC2 isolated from Óleo Lagoon an oxbow lake in the Moji-Guaçu River floodplain Luiz Antônio- SP). Experiments were done aiming to study the life cycle, best cultivation conditions and to verify the toxicity of the pesticide fipronil to these protozoan lineages, considering that the local from which they were isolated have differing history of contamination with the pesticide. The experiments were executed aiming to verify the possibility of the utilization of these organisms as environmental bioindicators in a standardized bioassay. The best culture condition obtained for PC1 was at pH 9 and 30 °C and for PC2 was at pH 7 and 27.5 °C. For the two lineages the best results were obtained with no light and agitation and the increase of the cultivation scale not interfered significantly in the growth. It was possible to observe that in culture, the PC2 has a slower growth and, in the other hand higher densities than PC1. Compared with other organisms, the two lineages are very resistant to fipronil, and as a result not suitable as bioindicators of environmental contamination by this pesticide. Besides, because they are food items for the higher trophic levels, their resistance to the pesticide led us to consider that in the contaminated ecossystems, these organisms can be important for the fipronil accumulation in the food web. However, the studied ciliates displayed potential to be used as test-organisms for ecotoxicological assays.
Empresário e dependência no pensamento político de Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1957-1967)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-26)
Laporta, Daniel Osterreicher
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Cepêda, Vera Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4917331423373631
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0006735123016198
This text aims to study the Fernando Henrique Cardoso s works focusing the author s ideas concerning the industrial society and the brazilian post 1930 s modernization. It is intended to make a short descriptive and theoretical examination about the academic carrer of this intelectual and to analyse part of his political thoughts, which is those of greater theoretical centrality and contribution for the development theories, both the cepalinas and the latin american orthodoxal marxism ones. It is highlighted that one aspect of the existing literal analysis about Cardoso s work is that the brazilian political studies have been underexplored, which take us to revisit this intellectual importance to the study of brazilian society formation.
Efeito de enzimas comerciais e naturais utilizadas na hidrólise da mandioca sobre a qualidade sensorial da tiquira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-26)
Zurita, Erick
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Ceccato-Antonini, Sandra Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7600793543184032
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5641602992072391
The amilaceous materials need to be hydrolyzed for the release of fermentable sugars and this process may be carried out by chemical or enzymatic way. The latter is the most efficient way for the starch conversion, however a limiting factor to the usage of commercial enzymes is the high cost. In this context, a substitute for the enzymes aiming the saccharification of starch should be searched for. This study evaluated the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of aged tiquiras (cassava spirits) produced from the hydrolysis of cassava with commercial enzymes and with sweet potato, comparing to the traditional cachaça (sugar cane spirit), in two alcoholic strengths (33 and 38% v/v). Initially, an optimization of the hydrolysis process of the cassava was carried out, in order to verify the best concentrations of cassava, sweet potato for liquefaction and saccharification, water volume and commercial enzymes, in the laboratory scale, based on the results of yield in reducing sugar/g cassava. Physico-chemical analysis of the tiquiras produced was taken according to the parameters required by legislation. For the sensory analysis, the quantitative descriptive method and the acceptability and purchase interest tests were used. The utilization of sweet potato for the cassava hydrolysis (liquefaction and saccharification) has showed yields in reducing sugars significantly higher than those obtained with commercial enzymes. The proportion among cassava/sweet potato/water utilized in the semi-industrial scale for the tiquira production, established in the optimization step, was 20% cassava (m/v); 7.5% sweet potato (m/v) for liquefaction; 7.5% sweet potato (m/v) for saccharification; and 65% distilled water. The tiquiras presented physico-chemical characteristics in accordance with the Brazilian specifications, exception for the tiquira produced with sweet potato for the alcoholic strength, which was slightly below vii the minimum required. The sensory attributes which described the spirits by the quantitative descriptive analysis were based on appearance, aroma, flavor and texture, utilizing fourteen descriptive terms. According to the results, there were no significant differences (p≥0,05) for the majority of the attributes, but for yellowish coloration, wood aroma and flavor, whose values were higher for the cachaça. There was a greater acceptance and purchase interest for the cachaça and for the tiquira produced with commercial enzymes, showing that that the replacement of the commercial enzymes by the sweet potato enzymes did not result in a better sensory quality of the beverage, although better yields in reducing sugars were obtained with the hydrolysis treatments with sweet potato.
Catalisadores de Pd/Al2O3 modificados com La: preparação, caracterização e propriedades catalíticas nas reações de reforma a vapor e autotérmica do metano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-26)
Cassinelli, Wellington Henrique
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Marques, Clélia Mara de Paula
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0451284088402660
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8800458933689577
The Pd catalysts were prepared by wet impregnation method of the supports using an aqueous solution of palladium nitrate. (x)La2O3-Al2O3 carriers, with x = 0 to 20 wt %, were obtained by wet impregnation and sol gel methods. The supports and catalysts were characterized by N2 physisorption, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry, temperature-programmed reduction, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy of the adsorbed CO, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and dehydrogenation of cyclohexane reaction. The La2O3 presence on the carriers promotes a decrease in the Eaap and an increase in the TOFap and CH4 consumption values at 510 °C in the steam reforming of CH4 reaction. This increase in activity was related to Pdº*Pd+-OLa interfacial species type formation. These interfacial species promote the formation of Pd° sites of higher electron density, most activ e to C-H bond cleavage, and are also likely to be oxidized by H2O and CO2 co-reagents, promoting the O * transfer to the metal surface, which act on the oxidation of chemisorbed carbon (C *). This fact makes that the determining steps process to be more balanced, promoting a greater of CH4 accessibility to the Pd surface. The nature of the supports has a high influence on the properties of Pd catalysts in autothermal reforming of CH4 reaction (ATR). The Pd/Al catalysts showed a high deactivation in the ATR, due to strong agglomeration of Pd crystallites during the time the catalyst was maintained at 800 °C. For La 2O3 containing catalysts, the Pdº*Pd+-O-La interfacial species type formation promoted a higher activity and stability in ATR. However, was observed the formation of graphitic carbon type for Pd/12LaAl samples. The interfacial species promote both an increase in the CH4 activation rate, as in the removal of the C* species formed during CH4 activation. However, the CH4 activation and C* formation rate should be higher than diffusion or removal carbon rate. This effect coupled with the suitable particle size formed during the ATR tests results in a greater C* accumulation and growth in the filaments form.
Um estudo sobre as condições de vida e a qualidade do saneamento ambiental local como fatores de interferência para o desenvolvimento de práticas agroecológicas - um estudo de caso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-26)
Lopes, Keila Cássia Santos Araújo
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Borges, Janice Rodrigues Placeres
The present study aimed mainly to carry out a mapping of living conditions and quality of environmental sanitation in the Assentamento Horto Loreto, SP.The objective was to determine the outcome of the inter-relation living conditions / local environmental sanitation may be factors affecting the development of agroecological practices in the study area. It also aimed to reconstruct the history of the settlement, through the life trajectories of its residents. To collect the data was used for qualitative and quantitative approaches. Quantitative data were obtained through the application of questionnaires, consisting of thematic blocks, which contain indicators on the quality of environmental sanitation and living conditions, such as schooling, income, source of water supply at home, use of water from various sources, forms of sewage disposal, solid waste disposal, use, storage and disposal of packaging of agricultural chemicals, health care. Qualitative data were obtained by conducting semi-structured interviews, which permits to understand the perception of the settlers regarding their health, environmental and living conditions in the areas of settlement, as well as their expectations of life, dreams and plans. We used univariate statistical analysis and the speech of interviewees for the discussion and analysis of results. The data infer that the population of the settlement is in a vulnerable socio-economic and environmental. Everyday practices undertaken by the settlers have identified that 25% of the settlers use water sources that do not receive treatment for irrigation of food crops, 92.1% use of cesspits and 77.3% opted for burning solid waste, due to lack of garbage collection and 82.9% of farmers use pesticides on their lots. Moreover, it was observed in the settlement low levels of education, as 19.6% of the settlers have only incomplete primary and 36.1% completed elementary school. The income of farmers is another extremely important factor, since 31.4% of farmers survive on one or less than a minimum wage and 20.4% said they have no fixed monthly income. Agroecology is a science that seeks positive interaction between the natural and agricultural ecosystems and to adopt sustainable agricultural practices, or searches for sustainability and socio-economic environment, it is concluded that the daily practices of the settlers, are factors that lead to negative interference in rural areas, preventing the natural resources are in healthy conditions for use in the adoption of farming practices.
Gramática como habilidade no ensino-aprendizagem de língua inglesa: um estudo sobre implicações na acuidade da produção lingüística e percepções dos aprendizes a essa proposta
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-29)
Linhares, Maria José Xavier
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Viana, Nelson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6252579012192711
Research on grammar involving teaching-learning English as a foreign language has shown the necessity to change the focus on the way grammar has been taught in communicative classrooms. Much inquiring has been elicited concerning the best way to teach grammar so that it can contribute to the learners accuracy. The aim of this investigation is to analyze the process and the results, as studying a group of university students at a public university in Sao Paulo State, related to oral and written accuracy. We based our discussions and pedagogical activities design mainly on Batstone (1994) and Larsen-Freeman proposals (2003), called, respectively, Grammar as Skill and Grammaring. Besides being based on themes, the course design has followed two elements of the grammar as skill: noticing and reflection, which have guided the activities and the development of the classes as well as their perception to this grammar approach. Students proved to be receptive to this type of teaching grammar inductively, being able to use it in their oral and written linguistics production.
Intervenção pedagógica individualizada para alunos com deficiência intelectual : ensino de leitura em salas de recursos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-29)
Oliveira, Glaucimara Pires
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Gil, Maria Stella Coutinho de Alcântara
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1673770301699940
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8392528173156552
In contemporary society the acquaintance of reading is considered a fundamental resource for the individual s citizenship achievement. Despite the schools dedication to their students, there is no guarantee that all students learn with the mastery and fluency required. Within this context , there are students who present Intellectual disabilities , and by their specific characteristics have significant limitations, both in intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior. Many of these students are inserted in regular schools which offer assistance in specialized pedagogical extra hours, but nevertheless they often reach the upper grades of elementary school without the necessary reading and comprehension skills . Studies in the area of stimulus equivalence have demonstrated that the application of systematic methodologies with individualized procedures can reverse that problem in several steps and ways of teaching. The purpose of this research study was to verify the effectiveness of an individualized reading e writing Program in order to improve the skills of students with intellectual disabilities , and attend the resource classes at elementary school. The participants were two students, which presented different stages of literacy, both students with intellectual disabilities enrolled in primary education in regular classes and resource rooms. The participant 1 was exposed to the program 1, which teaches the reading of simple words( consonant vowel ) and the participant 2 was exposed to the program 2, which teaches the reading of more complex language s words . In both cases the results indicated the effectiveness of the teaching reading Program. In conclusion It could be verified that the effectiveness of the Program as an additional instructional procedure to those already used in the classroom, since it enhances the student s learning in Literacy. The resource room features as a specialized pedagogical service with different resources and It can be effective, with small number of students, as an important space to the application of the program as well as monitoring the student s performance.
Formação de professores para a educação inclusiva nos cursos de Pedagogia das Universidades Públicas Paulistas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-29)
Macedo, Natalia Neves
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Caiado, Kátia Regina Moreno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0803778280883949
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5059722794651091
This study aimed mainly at understanding how the Special Education in the perspective of the Inclusive Education has been regarded in the Pedagogy courses of the three Public Universities of São Paulo State from the analysis of the Political Pedagogical Proposal, the course structure and the subject amendments offered in these courses. For this, we adopted as a research method the qualitative approach with technical analysis of documents. We analyzed the documents related to the Educational Policy Project, the course structure and the subject amendments of six out of the nine Pedagogy courses offered by the State Universities of São Paulo. The adopted theoretical approach comprises the school inclusion politics, the studies and research on teacher s education and initial training offered by Pedagogy courses, as well as the policy that underlies this training. The results show that the analyzed courses have not regarded, according to the principles that guide their Political Pedagogical Proposal, the training of future teachers to the perspective of inclusive education, with the exception of one course (Course E), which states in its proposal that students should be prepared, as prospective teachers, to identify and care for students with special education needs in their classrooms. All courses have covered the requirements of Resolution CNE / CP No. 1 / 2006, regarding the training of teachers for the "diversity awareness", as they offer at least a compulsory subject on Special Education in its course structure, besides other non-specific disciplines that deal with content or topics related to this issue. Despite the reduced number of required disciplines on Special Education in the structure of these courses, we noticed that Special Education has become increasingly more discussed in different subjects of the course structure. From the data analysis, we observed a considerable number of disciplines that include content or topics related to Special Education in some courses. These disciplines, which relate to different fields of knowledge, show in their amendments content related mainly to diversity and school inclusion. However, the specific disciplines seek to address content related to, among others, training of teachers for the identification and working with students with Special Education Needs enrolled in regular education, both in the theoretical and methodological framework. It was possible to observe, also, a considerable number of subjects not related to Special Education that include topics on this subject in their educational plans. From the results, we believe that a viable alternative to expand discussion concerning the Special Education on the perspective of the Inclusive Education in the structure of Pedagogy courses is the interdisciplinary work, in which teachers seek, besides the theory and practice, the inter -relation of different contents with the issues of Special Education in its theoretical, methodological and practical dimensions, aiming at formation of future teachers to the school reality in the context of inclusion. And it seems that this interdisciplinary model has gained strength in Pedagogy courses, despite the rational logic that still rules the structure organization of these courses.
Personalização de programas de TV no contexto da TV digital portátil interativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-29)
Gatto, Elaine Cecília
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Zorzo, Sérgio Donizetti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2523715806470871
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8559022477811603
Interactive Digital Television allows several services to be offered to users, in order to provide entertainment, e-learning and new mechanisms for social inclusion. Broadcasters and TV shoes may be created, which may gradually increase the amount of information to be displayed on the screen. As a result, users may experience discomfort and difficulties in finding information that really matters. In a portable environment, the user wants to make the most of his time when watching TV. Thus, investing too much time in searching for TV shows of interest is something undesirable. Recommender systems are used to minimize such shortcomings, help users with their searches for contents of interest and also to reduce the time spent on searches. This study focused on the development of a hybrid recommender system called BIPODiTVR, which is able to make recommendations from the observation of users behavior while watching television on the portable device. This system recommends TV shows through a collaborative and content-based filtering. The proposed system was evaluated by using metrics of acceptability of recommender systems applied to data provided by IBOPE, from six households for the period of fifteen days.
Racismo e injúria racial sob a ótica do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-29)
Santos, Elaine de Melo Lopes dos
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Silvério, Valter Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2281918252357780
[sem resumo]
Algumas contribuições do paradigma de escolha para o trabalho de pessoas com deficiência intelectual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-12-01)
Escobal, Giovana
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Goyos, Antônio Celso de Noronha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3407008711535651
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2350037809874590
For the Analysis of Operant Behavior, between behavior and choice there is a bidirectional relationship, because each environmental stimulus has the potential to control various responses and the repertoires of individuals are complex. The selection of the response to be emited before each stimulus in each context constitutes in a condition of choice. The choice behavior is typically studied by concurrent schedules and chain concurrent schedules of reinforcement, and practical applications of the experimental model have been increasingly frequent. The present study aimed to investigatie the choice of adults with intellectual disabilities under work conditions; assess the preference for work components and to evaluate the influence of the situation of choice and no choice on parameters performance in such conditions. Four individuals have learned a task, with and without environmental work support. The work task was to assemble notebook s cover by gluing pieces of paper on the background cover. The arrangement developed for the work task, contained devices for placement of shredded paper, background covers and glue. Its goal was to provide immediate assistance to increase or maintain the frequency of the behavior and prevent errors in routine task. Then, the chain concurrent schedules of reinforcement were introduced. The participant could choose, in the first link, pressing a button on a fixed ratio schedules (FR 1), the condition, with or without environmental work support, with which would work on the second link. In Phase 2, participants could choose, still pressing a button and under fixed ratio schedules (FR1) among multiple schedules of reinforcement, without choice, and concurrent chain schedules of reinforcement, with choice. In multiple schedules, the components alternated in an almost random manner and differed in relation to the presence or absence of environmental work support. The criterion for response stability for parameters performance in relation to time and number of errors, respectively, was maximum variation of a minute around the average for the time parameter and a maximum variation of one error around the average for the number of errors parameter, both for three consecutive trials. The criterion for stability of the choice response was to emit at least 12 choices in the initial link of the chain concurrent schedules and emission of 100% of choice responses in the initial links of the chain concurrent schedules with a preference for one of the alternatives with or without environmental work support and with and without choice in four trials (one session) in two consecutive sessions. The performance under multiple schedules, without choice of component, was compared with performance under concurrent schedules, in which participants could choose the alternative that would work to verify the function of choice on performance in the alternatives, with and without environmental work support. In the teaching phase, participants learned the six steps of the task and showed a higher amount of instructions without the environmental work support. Both in the teaching phase and in Phases 1, 2, 3 e 4, all participants completed the task, on average, faster in the presence of the environmental work support. The condition with environmental work support and the alternative with choice proved to be preferable from the point of view of the individual with intellectual disabilities. Moreover, in general, working in the presence of the condition of choice, the participants completed the task with lower average of total time, and kept the number of errors in low level. Choice was made, therefore, without prejudice to its performance in the parameters analyzed. The study contributes to the development of professional training programs of individuals with intellectual disabilities, and brings important practical implications for planning education for this population.
Ictiofauna do semi-árido potiguar, Nordeste do Brasil: composição, riqueza e ecologia reprodutiva de espécies endêmicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-12-02)
Souza, Liliane de Lima Gurgel
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Chellappa, Sathyabama
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4657086910453785
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8383861001436139
Understanding the factors related to the reproductive strategy of endemic fish species at spatial and a temporal scale is essential for their conservation and management. The present study investigated the reproductive strategy of Prochilodus brevis and Cichlasoma orientale in the River Assu, located in the semi-arid Northeastern Brazil. Population structure, sex proportion, length at first maturity, stages of gonadal development, gonadosomatic index, condition factor, reproductive period and limnological variables were determined. Temporal distribution of mean rainfall, water temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration, pH and electrical conductivity values were related to the reproductive period of P. brevis and C. orientale. The present study deals with the composition, species richness and endemism in fish species of River Assu. Analyses of GSI, K and size of oocytes indicate the reproduction of P. brevis occurs from January to March and that this species is a total spawner. Rainfall influenced alterations in limnological characteristics and the reproductive period of this species. The reproductive strategy of P. brevis is well adapted to the environmental characteristics of the semi-arid region. Cichlasoma orientale is a batch spawner with a reproductive period between the months March to June and in September, with a reproductive peak in the beginning of the rainy season. Multiple spawnings in one breeding season indicate that C. orientale is well adapted to the environmental characteristics of the semi-arid region. A total of 556 individuals were captured which were distributed in 3 orders, 10 families and 17 species, of which, 13 were endemic, 4 introduzed and one exotic. The orders more representatives in terms of number of fish species were Characiformes, Perciformes and Siluriformes. Among the families, Prochilodontidae was dominant followed by Cichlidae. P. brevis, an endemic species was most expressive followed by Trachelyopterus galeatus. Nine species were considered constant, five accessories and three accidental. The results demonstrate an elevated number of endemic species, among them the rheophilic fish which migrate to the head river to spawn, and a reduced number of introduced species. The presence of endemic species increases the importance of conservation and adequate management practice of this natural semi-arid ecosystem.
Programação de montagens em gabaritos com restrições de adjacência na indústria aeronáutica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-12-03)
Silva, Bruno Jensen Virginio da
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Morabito Neto, Reinaldo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1595591838209296
This work deals with a production scheduling problem that appears in the aeronautics industry, involving special structures called assembly fixtures, composed of several workstations in parallel to assemble parts of the aircrafts. Tasks should be scheduled to be performed in these workstations in order to minimize the quantity of manpower needed to do the assembly and determine the production capacity of the assembly fixture, which means minimizing the makespan (the total time needed to finish the tasks). However, in addition to the usual constraints such as due dates and precedence among tasks, there are also constraints that prevent two tasks to be performed at the same time in two adjacent workstations on the assembly fixture. The assembly and the teams who work there are in continuous improvement of assembling processes, according to the cumulative production increases and the learning curve is traversed. The learning curve was divided in four stages with specific characteristics in each. Mixed integer linear programming models are proposed to represent the production scheduling problem of each stage, based on practical cases studies of assembly fixtures scheduling in an aeronautics company. Those models are solved using a modeling language and optimization software. The solutions are analyzed and compared and based on then, it is evaluated how the learning curve affects the airplane production over time and it is shown, in the results, that there exists potential of improvement in the use of assembling resources, using production scheduling and levelling the resources.
Direito à educação e ampliação da escolaridade obrigatória em Ponta Grossa (2001 – 2008)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-12-06)
Flach, Simone de Fátima
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Bittar, Marisa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0412260083540737
The work presented here analyses the impact that the process whereby the compulsory education period was extended from 8 to 9 years had on the state of Paraná, focusing on the political and educational conditions of the city of Ponta Grossa in the period between 2001 and 2008. The general purpose of this investigation was to point out the effects such change had on the lives of the citizens of Ponta Grossa, taking into account the government‟s commitment to allow every child the right to have access to education (nursery education for children below 6 years, and primary education for children above that age). The investigation sought to identify the link between the city education policy and broader social, political and historical influences and determinations, aiming to show that there is a dialectical movement between the particular and the universal. The research was developed through the observation and experience of the effects of the educational policy concerned in daily classroom practice and social life. In order to understand the effects produced in people‟s real lives, it was necessary: to carry out a historical and statistical survey based on the official documents and records available; to follow the discussions related to the extension of the compulsory education period at city, state and national levels, by carrying out a survey of norms and recommendations issued by normative and legislative bodies, according to records from the City Education Board of Ponta Grossa; to take part in public hearings held by the legislature of Paraná and follow the discussions and decisions of the state judiciary; to carry out a particular study on the historical formation of compulsory education as well as on the related political agenda at local, state, national and international levels; and finally to achieve a better knowledge on the guarantee of both the right to education and the respect to Brazilian citizens. The central point of the discussion is the importance of guaranteeing people the right to education, rather than it just being prescribed by law, because this initiative not only shows people being acknowledged by the government but is fundamental to allow them to have access to the means by which their citizenship is enhanced. The conclusion reached by the research is that the political actions analysed and their effects have been weak and incomplete; furthermore, the right to education for Brazilian citizens living in Ponta Grossa, Paraná, is in a contradictory situation in which social, economic and cultural interests are elements dialectically involved in the political and intellectual struggle occurring within the places where the procedural steps for public education policies are taken. The scientific merit of this research is to open the black box of the policy of the extension of the compulsory education period and allow its effects to be known and analysed. Particularly, the information presented here contributes to raising individual and collective awareness about how citizens‟ right can be violated by means of apparently correct and well-intentioned measures.
Um estudo preliminar sobre o imaginário de aprendizes de ensino fundamental e médio da rede pública com relação à língua espanhola
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-12-06)
Raizer, Paula Barros
;
Yokota, Rosa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9230517686993400
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7157709550260372
El objetivo del presente trabajo es obtener datos indiciarios sobre el imaginario de alumnos brasileños respecto a la lengua española. Por reconocer la importancia de investigaciones anteriores que se detuvieron en el público adulto, buscamos estudiar los futuros alumnos de español de la red pública de enseñanza de Brasil. En el contexto de aplicación de la ley 11.161/2005, esta investigación busca contribuir a la comprensión del proceso de aprendizaje de español, señalar caminos para la producción de materiales didácticos y para la formación de profesores de español como lengua extranjera. Nuestra hipótesis inicial era la de que los aprendices tenían una imagen dicotómica de la lengua española dividida en Español de España y Español de América, tal como apuntó Fanjul (2002) y con valoraciones acerca de los hablantes nativos de las diferentes variedades de la lengua, como señaló Santos (2005). Respecto al aprendizaje, creíamos que, así como los adultos, el público joven cultivaría el imaginario de español como lengua fácil cuya competencia sería alcanzada inmediatamente. Para comprobar tales ideas, realizamos una investigación de carácter calitativo-descriptivo, de enfoque inductivo y que considera el significado que las personas atribuyen a las cosas y a la vida. Los informantes de la investigación son 7 estudiantes de Brotas (SP), entre 13 y 16 años, todos de la red pública y que no tuvieron experiencia institucional con la lengua española. Para la recogida de datos usamos dos técnicas: asociación libre de palabras y una producción de texto. Como resultados primarios, identificamos que, pese a la confirmación del imaginario de lengua fácil y competencia espontánea, los jóvenes agregan a ese imaginario la representación de lengua fácil, poco usada en el mundo y hasta desconocida. Por otro lado, no tienen una visión dicotómica de la lengua, sino una visión de lengua homogénea, que demuestra desconocimiento acerca del espacio geográfico y político que ocupa la lengua. Palabras-clave: Español; adolescentes; Enseñanza básica; Enseñanza Secundaria
A educação profissional e os fundamentos da escola unitária gramsciniana: o caso do Campus São João da Boa Vista do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-12-07)
Gianelli, Juliana Gimenes
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Ferreira Junior, Amarilio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0748545841167046
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9439027934502753
In the new context of professional education entered in the federal system of vocational technology, we will investigate the professional education offered here on campus Sao Joao da Boa Vista Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Sao Paulo. From the historical and dialectical materialism, we find that the institutional and government documents there are references to a unitary school of Gramsci and humanistic development, however, when we analyze the fundamentals that guide educational practices, we found the necessary elements to bring forth such a proposal education. In order to determine that the socioeconomic context of the region of Sao Joao justifies the provision of technical and technological courses Campus SBV before the logic of capitalism in this society today, we present the socioeconomic characteristics of the region, and we report data that reflect the origin social indicators of school and work-related activities, according to questionnaires completed by 265 students from Campus SBV. The report of empirical research revealed that the pedagogical courses come from the local and regional demand, and highlight the work as an educational principle with the relations between industry, technology and alienation of man in relation to work. Thus, we find that capitalist relations are present throughout the history of Brazilian professional education in such a way that indicated their social and economic consequences in the history of the Federal Institute of Sao Paulo. Given the current scenario of the new setting of professional education, due to a new government plan, we interpret the pedagogical institutional bias at the school gramscian unit, described in Book 12 in 1932. Therefore, we intend to demonstrate that the educational principle enunciated by Gramsci is necessary to develop technology education professional men omnilaterais from gramscian educational practices, such as the expansion of physical infrastructure, maintenance of the theoretical and practical , humanistic training for faculty and restructuring of the school curriculum. This allowed us to understand that school and creative unit is present in the school context which calls on its "selfless", aiming at moral and intellectual autonomy as well as the integrated development of human being.
Validação de metodologia analítica para determinação de cromo e zinco em biossólido
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-12-07)
Benzan, Régis
;
Rezende, Maria Olimpia de Oliveira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6164624893473124
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1992409461689585
The use of sewage sludge on agricultural soils has the main benefits the incorporation of the macronutrients nitrogen and phosphorus and the micronutrients zinc, copper, iron, manganese and molybdenum. You could say that, normally, the sewage sludge provides nutrients to the soil for crops, however, you must have knowledge of their composition in order to calculate the appropriate quantities to be incorporated, without the risk of toxicity plants and animals in certain situations and to man, and also without contaminating the environment. In this paper it is proposed the use of sewage sludge in addition to agricultural soils. Therefore, it is necessary to characterize the sludge to be added. Several parameters are used to characterize the sludge, namely: agronomic value, heavy metals, stability and sanity. The officially accepted analytical methodology for determination of elements involves atomic absorption spectroscopy or optical emission spectroscopy coupled to inductively coupled plasma. In this project, it is proposed to validate the methodology for determining the parameters: Zn and Cr by spectrophotometry using equipment Spectrophotometer, model DR/2500, HACH brand. Therefore, because of demand, it is necessary to validate a method where the tests are done with speed, safety, reliability and low cost compared with the official methods. The validation of the elements Cr and Zn was successful. All parameters for the physical and chemical characteristics were within the values permitted for disposal of biosolids as agricultural legislation.