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Involuções fixando FnUF3
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-12-15) Barbaresco, Évelin Meneguesso; Pergher, Pedro Luiz Queiroz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3328545959112090
Let Mm a closed and smooth m-dimensional manifold and T : Mm - Mm a smooth involution defined on Mm. It is well known that the fixed point set F of T is a finite and disjoint union of closed submanifolds, with possibly different dimensions. Write F = [n i=0Fi, n _ m, where Fi denotes the union of those components of dimension i. Suppose that F has the form Fn [ Fj , 0 _ j < n, and that F does not bound. From the Five Halves Theorem of J. Boardman, one then has m _ 5 2 n. In this work, our interest is to obtain improvements of this general bound in the case F = Fn [ F3, where n > 3. Results of this nature were obtained by R. E. Stong and P. Pergher for j = 0, S. Kelton for j = 1 and F. Figueira for j = 2. We will see that a general bound in this case is m(n-3)+6, where m(n) is a number discovered by Stong and Pergher which works as a best possible bound for the case F = Fn [ fptog (j = 0).
Uma abordagem heurística para o problema de roteamento de veículos com designação de entregadores extras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-12-15) Ferreira, Vanessa de Oliveira; Pureza, Vitória Maria Miranda; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9516094339302132
The pursuit of excellence in customer service drives companies to investigate strategies that help to produce satisfactory solutions to the market, as is the case of beverage companies. One of the obstacles faced by this sector is the difficulty in distributing the demanded products within regular working hours due to long service times in each demand site. An alternative for reducing violations of route time consists in including the assignment of extra deliverymen to the usual routing and scheduling decisions. Such treatment is hardly often explored in the literature and it was not found any evidence of commercial softwares that consider it. In this sense, the current work addresses the Vehicle Routing Problem with the assignment of extra deliverymen, with the aim of generating routes in which the number of unserved clients in regular working hours is minimized. To this end, we propose an extension of Clarke and Wright heuristic. The proposed extension is applied to sets of examples generated based on classic instances of Solomon (1987) and Christofides et al. (1979). The results of the application are compared to those provided by the heuristic of Clarke and Wright according to a set of performance criteria.
Definição de rotas para coleta porta-a-porta de óleo residual de fritura visando o reuso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-12-15) Binoto, Renato; Sanches, Suely da Penha; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3857424839674606; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6086974563644068
The collection of solid waste generated in urban areas is a growing concern for governments, health professionals and environmentalists. Among these concerns is the disposal of vegetable oil used in homes, which requires a more appropriate final allocation. For this to be attained, it is necessary, in addition to public awareness, the planning for the collection, with pre-defined routes. This study simulates alternative systems to collect waste oil in some sectors of the city of São Carlos SP using a Geographic Information System GIS. Using this system, routes to be travelled by the collectors from door to door, are defined. The program used was the TransCAD, which is a GIS specific for transportation planning, transport professionals, enabling the development routes using algorithms that include a procedure for arc routing. For this study it was assumed that a collector truck would be parked at some defined points and the collection would be performed by collecting agents with carts following pre-defined routes. Several simulations were made, aiming at minimizing the length of the routes and the number of agents necessary for the task. The results obtained with the simulations demonstrated that it is possible to define sets of routes that minimize the cost and the manpower required for the door to door collection of discarded frying oil.
Metodologia participativa aplicada ao manejo da zona de amortecimento das Estações Ecológica e Experimental de Itirapina, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-12-15) Dutra-Lutgens, Helena; Santos, José Eduardo dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8533387365058570; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0597896011849889
Protected Areas represent a fundamental strategy for biodiversity conservation, yet it is essential to consider the inclusion of each in its regional context. The support and participation of society are very important to the conservation of these areas, especially with regard to their buffer zones. The aim of the present study was to develop a proposal for limits and management for the buffer zone of Itirapina protected areas, according to technical parameters and with the participation and integration of various groups of social actors, to support its effective implementation and maintenance of social and environmental functions provided by it. The research was based on the methodological principles of action research and was conducted in three stages:in the first of them was performed a dynamic analysis of the use and occupation of land in the study area and identification of groups of social actors from around the Itirapina protected areas; the second stage examined through semistructured qualitative interviews, the meaning of Itirapina protected areas and the role of the buffer zone from the perspective of groups of social actors from around these areas. The third stage brought together the people interviewed in the second step, in a planning workshop for a proposed definition of boundaries and zoning for the buffer zone of Itirapina protected areas.The surrounding population identified the goods and services provided by natural ecosystems, related them to the maintenance of environmental functions with the presence of protected areas in the region, reported changes in environmental functions due to human activities in the surrounding, and also are able to participate in decision-making processes that involve the protected areas and its buffer zone.
Blendas de PHBV e PCL para uso em dispositivos de osteossíntese
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-12-15) Casarin, Suzan Aline; Agnelli, José Augusto Marcondes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7592090152400440; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9959295737759646
This study aimed to develop and characterize polymer blends using biodegradable and bioabsorbable polymers poly (hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate) PHBV with 12% valerate, and poly (ε-caprolactone) PCL, in order to make the PHBV less fragile for applications such as osteosynthesis devices. We studied the binary mixture of these polymers in the compositions PHBV / PCL (75/25 and 50/50). The polymer blends were prepared in order to simulate a large-scale industrial process, by extrusion followed by injection. The pure polymers and polymer blends were evaluated and characterized by: Melt Flow Index (MFI), Thermal Analysis (TG, DSC and DMTA), Optical Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Thermal Test of the Heat Deflection Temperature (HDT), Mechanical Tests (impact, tensile and flexural), Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC), analysis of in vitro degradation and Cytotoxicity Analysis, direct and indirect. The results obtained through different techniques indicated the immiscibility of PHBV / PCL blends. In terms of mechanical properties, the polymer blends analyzed indicated better characteristics than copolymer PHBV, presenting a less brittle behavior. In the in vitro study, in phosphate buffered saline solution with pH 7.3, the PHBV and PCL samples indicated a slow degradation behavior when compared to other bioabsorbable polymers. Along the degradation period, the polymers became more rigid, increasing the values of the Tensile Modulus of Elasticity. It was verified that, depending on the degradation period, there was a reduction in the values of molar masses of the samples studied. Through the cytotoxicity analysis, it was found that the pure polymers and the blends studied did not indicate indirect toxicity. However, the results indicated toxicity through the direct contact with the polymers studied, which may be related to the superficial characteristics thereof.