Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2011-03-04"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 10 de 10

A inclusão da abundância na diversidade funcional aumenta o seu poder de previsão?: teste em uma comunidade de cerrado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-03-04) Miatto, Raquel Carolina; Batalha, Marco Antônio Portugal Luttembarck; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3893228815181339; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3215187098685874
Assuming that traditional measures of diversity are rough predictors of functioning and that measures that incoporate information about functional traits are better predictors than the traditional ones, functional diversity measures are intensely used nowadays. However, whether the inclusion of functional traits in biodiversity estimation indeed increases our predictive power is rarely tested. Moreover, dendrogram-based functional diversity measures usually do not take abundance into account. By sampling a southern cerrado site in Brazil, we tested whether, when compared to traditional diversity measures, the inclusion of functional traits leads to an increased predictive power in relating functional diversity to community functioning. We demonstrated that it is possible to include abundance in dendrogram-based functional diversity, and tested whether, when compared to functional diversity as usually calculated, the inclusion of abundance leads to an increased predictive power. No diversity measure was related to community functioning, including functional diversity. Nevertheless, we showed that it is possible to include abundance in dendrogram16 based functional diversity measures, even if most indices were correlated with each other.
Análise do transcriptoma da glândula venenífera de Rhinocerophis alternatus (Bothrops alternatus): identificação de metaloproteases e desintegrinas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-03-04) Hirayama, Silvia Naomi Soida; Araújo, Heloísa Sobreiro Selistre de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4065824911933203; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2334096835474916
The desintegrinas are cys-rich polypeptides without enzymatic activity, some found in snake venoms with an adhesive motif to integrin, unleashing distinct responses. Several research groups have been studying snake venom disintegrins with focus in pharmacological applications in tumor progression and proliferation, angiogenesis, blood clotting, and osteoporosis. This work shows the results of the construction of cDNA library of Rhinocerophis alternatus venom gland, cloning and expression of ALT-C, a disintegrina-like protein, in bacterial system. The library was comprised of 812 sequences that were classified into: (i) coding for hypothetical protein or mismatched in databases (unknown) corresponding to 20.94%; (ii) transcripts for cellular process 17.86%; and (iii) transcripts coding for toxic protein with 61.21%. Among toxic proteins the SVMPs were the most abundant transcripts 58.59%. Other toxic transcripts were C-type lectins (15.56%), bradykinin potentiating peptides (11.8%), serineproteases (5.18%), cys-rich secretory proteins (2.28%), vascular endothelial growth factors (2.28%), L-amino acid oxidases (1.86%) and phospholipases A2 (1.45%). The percentages correspond to this snake venom effects, low enzymatic activity and hemorrhagic and clotting activity as main action, derived from the SVMPs, C-type lectin and serineproteases. One of the SVMPs contigs were chosen based on the similarity with ALT-C, the defined sequence was called ALT-Ch (ALT-C homologue) since there has 4 conservative substitutions compared to the previously determined sequence. The ALT-C-h sequence was used in PCR to inclusion the restriction site for BamHI and EcoRI, cloned in pGEX4T-1 and transformed into E. coli AD494 (DE3) for expression. The cell culture was grown until the log fase and induced with IPTG for 3 hours, the expressed protein's identity was confirmed by Western Blotting using Polyclonal antibody Anti-ALT-C. The construction of the R. alternatus venom gland cDNA library provides a source of interesting active biomolecules, such as desintegrinas, to pharmacological applications in pathologies involving integrins like angiogenesis, tumor progression and metastasis.
Coleoptera aquáticos associados a troncos submersos em córregos de baixa ordem localizados em diferentes tipos de vegetação do Estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-03-04) Valente Neto, Francisco; Gessner, Alaíde Aparecida Fonseca; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8465752836529703; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1766905055028787
Riparian vegetation is source of wood debris in streams so variation in vegetation type promote difference in biomass and richness of these substrates, which affect composition and abundance of insects associated with submerged wood. Aquatic Coleoptera associated with submerged wood debris is pointing out to it importance in the wood breakdown. For evaluated if the vegetation type influences community of aquatic Coleoptera associated with submerged wood debris, we collected submerged wood in eight Atlantic Rainforest streams, eight Cerrado streams and we include two Semideciduous Forest streams. We applied different statistical analysis (redundancy analyses, PERMANOVA and partitioning variation) to test if the taxonomic composition in Cerrado streams was different from Atlantic Rainforest streams and to verify what cause this possible difference, environmental variables, spatial variables or both. We found 1617 organisms distributed in 12 families and 29 genus. We found two boring genus of submerged wood debris for Neotropical region, Lutrochus and Stegoelmis, which play important role to food chain of streams, due to availability of nutrients and microhabitats at wood. The results of taxonomic composition of aquatic Coleoptera associated with submerged wood debris showed differences between Atlantic Rainforest and Cerrado streams, exhibiting that the vegetation type is important factor for the composition of this community. We argued that this is because of differences in composition and structure of vegetation, which cause differences in richness and biomass of submerged wood in streams.
D-classes de homotopia, uma generalização da teoria de ∆-classes de homotopia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-03-04) Andrade, Allan Edley Ramos de; Penteado, Dirceu; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2407287645408153; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6801447171421372
This work is based on Ph.d. thesis of R.Brooks [1]. R.Brooks develops his work in three parts, first establishes Nielsen s theory (Essential class, Nielsen s number, estimates for the Nielsen s number) for determined classes of pairs of homotopy, called _-classes of homotopy. In the second part using homology and cohomology develop an index, that associates to each tuple (f, A,B), a homomorphism L∗(f, A,B). In the third part he relates Nielsen s theory for _-classes of homotopy with the index theory of the second part. In this work we will extend to the concept of _-classes of homotopy for D-classes of homotopy, and will study the D-number of Nielsen, n(f, p,D), for (f, p) ∈ D, after that we will define an index, L∗(f, p, s(B)), with the objective to detect when n(f, p,D) > 0.
A Equação de Codazzi em superfícies
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-03-04) Santos, Maria Rosilene Barroso dos; Figueiredo Junior, Ruy Tojeiro de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9930999514347198; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5772735504029374
In this work, based on the article The Codazzi Equation for Surfaces by Juan A. Aledo, José M. Espinar and José A. Gálvez [8], we describe some applications of an abstract theory for the Codazzi equation on surfaces. This theory deals with abstract pairs of quadratic forms on a surface, in particular the so-called Codazzi pairs, for which the Codazzi equation is satisfied. Among the applications, we give a proof of an abstract version of a classical theorem due to Hopf on immersed spheres in Euclidean space R3 with constant mean curvature. Other applications are proofs of Liebmann s theorem on complete surfaces with constant Gaussian curvature in R3 and of Grove s theorem on the rigidity of ovaloids. We also study the existence of holomorphic quadratic differentials associated with Codazzi pairs. This is used, in particular, in the classification of complete embedded elliptic special Weingarten surfaces of non-minimal type in R3 whose Gaussian curvature does not change sign.
Esfera pública e meio ambiente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-03-04) Cava, Roberta; Azevedo, Fernando Antonio Farias de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4026202611885816
The advance of techonologies, especially the mass communication means, had approached not only the world economies, but also cultures and societies. The emergency of a called global society brings the coletivities together, and throws them into planetary orbit. It promotes a redefinition of the Nation-State and, consequently, a reflection of the traditional public sphere concept. Observing the new amplitude of communicational flows allows to observe the rising of civil society on international scenary. Its space for deliberation is related to comprehensions of international dinamic, as well to the human relations transcending national frontiers. National movements point out the recognizement of the transversality of human interests, marked by world public opinion tendencies, tied to the informational growth and the globalization process. This research intends to approach Jürgen Habermas public sphere traditional concept, revisited in a transnational dimension, once themes previously belonging to national agendas move to world agenda, establishing commom concerns, as environment and climate change.
A diversidade beta de comunidades de macroinvertebrados é menor em córregos degradados? Uma avaliação experimental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-03-04) Libório, Rogério Aparecido; Tanaka, Marcel Okamoto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2768658925977757; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9813845021079562
Aiming to answer the question: preserved streams can sustain higher beta diversity than degraded streams? We estimated beta diversity of preserved and degraded streams during the rainy season of 2009 in pool and riffle areas using as substrate bags of leaf litter of tree species Talauma ovata. We analyzed the similarity in taxonomic composition of different mesohabitats using different indices of similarity (Sørensen, Morisita-Horn and Horn) and their corresponding estimators of diversity. Our study showed higher values of beta diversity in streams degraded when estimated by the similarity indices of Sørensen and Morisita-Horn. On the other hand the Horn index indicated no differences between the streams. This greater differentiation in faunistic composition between the different streams in degraded mesohabitats seems to be related to degradation of the riparian zone which favored the largest effect of hydrological disturbance due to increased volume of water especially in areas of pool resulting in elimination of taxa and increase local the dominance of more tolerant taxa, affecting beta diversity. This study paves the way for new understandings of the effects of degradation of riparian zones in streams, because the comparison between habitats within a given stream may provide a basis to assess their state of degradation, making possible new approaches to biomonitoring.
Escala de avaliação da metacognição infantil: elaboração dos itens e análise dos parâmetros psicométricos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-03-04) Pascualon, Jussara Fatima; Schelini, Patrícia Waltz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6185333517392859; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6944428231595473
Metacognition represents thoughts and knowledge that individuals have about their own thoughts and cognitive processes. Two basic elements of metacognitive functioning are metacognitive knowledge, characterized by awareness of the processes and skills required to perform a certain task, and control or cognitive self-monitoring, which includes judgments about the effectiveness of the strategies initially proposed, and if necessary, the establishment of new ones. Given the lack of brazilian instruments that measure this ability, this study focused on the development of items and the analysis of evidence with respect to the validity and reliability of a scale for assessing metacognition in children between nine and 12 years of age. The first phase involved the construction of Likert-style Metacognition Scale, using a six points rating scale for the respondent to indicate the extent to which he would using each strategy. During the second phase, three experts evaluated the instructions and the 70 items to verify the content validity of the new scale. These experts were university professors with doctoral degrees, and two were specialists in metacognition. The third judge, given her expertise in elaboration of scales, assessed the adequacy of the instructions for the task. The reliability analysis performed on the responses of the experts presented a 70.3% of agreement. The specialist in elaborating scales suggested some modifications in the instructions, which are incorporated into the scale. Two samples of each which led to further changes in the instructions and reduction in the number of items from 70 to 67. The factor analysis performed on large sample of 196 participants revealed the presence of a single factor denominated Metacognition , responsible for 16.84% of the variance in the scale. After exclusion of items that had factor loadings below 0.30 of items that indicated misunderstandings by the participants and similar items, the new version of the EMETA was composed of 40 items with an internal consistency of 0.90. There were no significant differences related to performance variables such as gender, school type and age of the participants. As such, the analysis of validity and reliability of the items indicated adequacy of the concept initially proposed and good internal consistency of the final version of the scale.
Escolha e preferência por alimentos com ou sem valores calóricos em crianças com deficiência intelectual e sobrepeso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-03-04) Macedo, Marina Zanoni; Goyos, Antônio Celso de Noronha; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3407008711535651; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6741519320606547
Obesity and pre-obesity have been considered as one of the major health problems in modern society, both in developed and in developing countries is the increase in rates of overweight or obese individuals. Although much is known about the types of foods that contribute to it, few results have been observed in the control of impulsivity commonly involved in food intake behavior. This study investigated whether the caloric component of food and its magnitude have control over choice behavior and preference in subjects ranging from seven to thirteen years old, with overweight and intellectual developmental delay. The research was conducted in a charity institution specialized in serving individuals with intellectual developmental delay. Two identical gums were prepared for this study, in relation to the organoleptic characteristics, differing only for the calories they contain. For data collection, we used an experimental apparatus that operated in concurrent chain schedule of reinforcement. The first link was operating on values of fixed ratio (FR- 1), followed by another scheme, also operating in FR-1. The schedules were controlled by a computer program. Choice responses in Button 1 were followed by one caloric gum in its terminal link, and choice responses in Button 2 were followed by a non-caloric gum in its terminal link. The session consisted of four presentations of the schedules. The data of interest were the responses in the initial links of concurrent chain schedules. A single subject design was applied, with the participant as his own control. The results, first, illustrated that there was no preference for calorie-rich foods, and will be considered as baseline for continuing the study, in which each of the possible variables controlling food choice could be introduced (eg, delay of reinforcing contingency , cost of response). Studies on the nature of choice and preference for non-caloric and caloric foods are important to identify and describe appropriate procedures for understanding and controlling food intake in overweight or obese children with intellectual developmental delay.
Estudo das propriedades mecânicas, térmicas e de transporte do compósito com carbonato de cálcio nano e microparticulado em polipropileno
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-03-04) Barbosa, Juliano Martins; Ruvolo Filho, Adhemar Colla; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7511722134943618; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3824323081408422
In this work were determined and compared to mechanical, thermal and barrier of the polypropylene composites containing micropartilate and microparticulate calcium carbonate. To prepare the composites, the filler was incorporated into the homopolymer PP, with the aid of the compatibilizer PP grafted with maleic anhydride in a twin-screw extruder, producing concentrates of calcium carbonate. Were subsequently diluted in PP, in different conditions and at four different concentrations. Based on the results of mechanical tests, the condition that generated the best result was obtained with screw speed of 500rpm and 10kg/h flow of the extruder. The other mechanical, thermal and barrier were performed on samples prepared in these processing conditions and from this point forward, we evaluated the influence of the concentration of filler on the test results, as well as the particle size. In this condition, the impact resistance of nanoparticulate increased from 4.60 to 4.96 KJ/m2 concentration of 7.87% of CaCO3. As for the Tensile strength, only 0.48% of nanoparticulate CaCO3 increased from 32.8 MPa to 35.2 MPa. HDT in the gain was 12ºC with respect to the homopolymer PP and a 2.9 ºC on the microparticulate composite. The addition of CaCO3 OOT reduced as its concentration increased and the flammability, the nanoparticulate compound showed a slight reduction in burning rate with respect to the PP. Regarding ownership of permeability to water vapor, the microparticle behave remained stable for all concentrations, however, as the oxygen permeability, we can highlight the compound with 1.51%. In the nanoparticles, we can highlight the compound with which generated a 0.48% reduction to 52% of the value found for the PP, but did not produce good results with oxygen. Comparing the results we can conclude that the composite nanoparticulate has interesting properties and superior to the microparticle, depending on its concentration.