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Conflitos no campo jurídico em torno da profissionalização da mediação judicial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-04-27)
Ozores, Audria Helena de Souza Perez
;
Bonelli, Maria da Glória
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2534537894297019
The present work seeks to analyze the relationship between the mediators in the judicial sector Judicial Mediation in the city of São Paulo called Comarca Azul and agents of the world of law: lawyers and judges. Just as lawyers, mediators develop different strategies to achieve better positions and distinctions within this field. Our goal was to understand the meanings of these local around the mediation field marked by the pursuit of ownership of the practice of this activity and the authority to speak and act with legitimacy. The methodology used was based on a qualitative approach with interviews, participant observation and document analysis, aiming to realize negotiations and dispute within the group of professionals in the legal world.
Análise das questões do ENEM da área de Ciências Naturais pelo enfoque CTS
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-04-27)
Ferreira, Sergio Daniel
;
Pierson, Alice Helena Campos
ENEM has been viewed as a strategy to develop competencies and skills in students, making them more participatory and integrated with the environment in which they live. Added to this, scientific literacy has been developing research and debate on issues involving science, technology and society. Realizing the importance and political dimension, both social and educational issues have taken, this research develops through Content Analysis, a research from the perspective of a particular conception of education in the evaluation of CTS present ENEM in the years 2005, 2006 and 2007. We propose to first do a survey and study of the present discussion of STS education in line with science teaching, then do the same in the documentation and materials ENEM in the area of Natural Sciences, Mathematics and its technologies and, finally, examine the issues in the assessments ENEM, looking for answers: The array of references ENEM, used for construction of the questions from the skills and abilities, brings correlations with the assumptions of an STS Education adopted in this work? The intention with this project, contribute to the study of STS education and focus on this analysis in the development and qualification of high school.
Ação das enzimas extracelulares na dinâmica da decomposição de macrófitas aquáticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-04-28)
Sciessere, Luciana
;
Bianchini Júnior, Irineu
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0659731944736389
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0782646321102015
Given the importance of mineralization processes to the knowledge of biogeochemical cycles in aquatic environments and aiming to detail these processes through enzymatic activities of microorganisms which act on aquatic macrophytes detritus, this study had as main goals to determine the dynamics of five enzymes activities which act on degradation of lignocellulosic wastes (endoglucanase (EC 3.2.1.4 and EC 3.2.1.91), β- xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8), β-1,4-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.21) peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7) and polyphenol oxidase (EC 1.10.3.2)) and the annual succession and efficiency of these enzymes during aquatic macrophytes decomposition, according to intrinsic (fiber content and chemical quality) and extrinsicconditions (temperature, pH, condition of oxygenation and proximity of sediment) in two aquatic systems. The experiments were conducted in the ecological station of Jataí (Luiz Antonio SP). For each experiment 216 litter bags (20 × 20 cm; ф pore = 0.4 mm) were prepared with fragments of Salvinia molesta (10 g (DW)), Eichhornia azurea (15 g (DW)), Cyperus giganteus (Exp. I) and Eleocharis sp. (Exp. II) (15 g (DW)) previously dried. The litter bags were incubated in 3 different sites in two depths: surface (≈ 0.2 m) and sediment-water interface (≈ 3.0 m) at Lagoa do Óleo (oxbow lagoon) in January 2008 and Represa do Beija-Flor (reservoir) in January 2009. Each sampling day (1, 3, 5, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 200, 250, 300 and 350) three litter bags of each depth were collected and taken to the laboratory for remaining particulate matter analysis. Taking into account the similarity observed between the systems, it was considered that those detritus were decomposed into acid environment with low nutrient availability (at least part of the year) and, mostly, aerobic (anaerobic periods could have occurred in s-w interface). The chemical quality, characterized by C:N ratio, exercised greatest influence on POMR mass loss and decay coefficients. Enzyme activity on the studied detritus was initiated at the same time of leaching process, intensively. After this period, a decrease in this activity was observed, occurring intermediate peaks. Until the 350th day of decomposition there was a predominance of hydrolytic enzymes activity in relation to oxidative enzymes. There was a direct relationship between mass loss and enzyme activity, related mainly to xylanase activity.
Nanopartículas de Pt suportadas em Al2O3 e CeO2-Al2O3: síntese e caracterização de catalisadores aplicados à reação de deslocamento gás-água
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-04-28)
Ribeiro, Renata Uema
;
Bueno, José Maria Corrêa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0157452280626031
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9202692096525582
Colloidal Pt nanoparticles were synthesized according to an adapted procedure from Song and co-workers [1], which it was based on the reduction of dihydrogen hexachloroplatinate by ethylene glycol in a basic solution, but using two PVP/Pt = 0,2 and 10 ratio. Both the ratio lead to monodisperse platinum nanoparticles with similar sizes (2.0 and 2.8 nm). Colloidal Pt nanoparticles solutions were incorporated into alumina during sol-gel synthesis and showed different stabilities when submitted to thermal treatment in synthetic air, He and H2 atmospheres. PVP/Pt ratio added to nanoparticles after synthesis was the main parameter considered to the stability of the particles on the support. Using a minor PVP/Pt ratio lead to particles agglomerates during calcinations step in synthetic air. On the other hand, when an excess of PVP was used stable and disperse particles were obtained during a severe thermal treatment. The anchoring of particles into support during incorporation stage could be the most plausible explanation for this. Platinum nanocatalysts supported on alumina and ceriaalumina showed catalytic activity for the water gas shift reaction. CO conversion data indicated that the increasing of CeO2 loading of 12 to 20% lead to an improvement in the catalytic activity. XPS measurements after pre-treatment in H2 confirmed the presence of Pt+on the catalyst surface containing ceria, suggesting some metal-support interaction. In situ characterization techniques allowed to a better understanding of species involved into water gas shift reaction mechanism. Through X-ray absorption near edge structure in the Pt edge measurements showed reduced Pt during reaction for all catalysts, suggesting that similar electronic density of sites was present. This was also observed in CO adsorbed DRIFTS measurements. Nevertheless, XANES spectra in the Ce edge showed some changes in oxidation state of Ce during the reaction, indicating the occurrence of redox mechanism, mediated by ceria. In situ DRIFTS experiments showed little concentrations of formates and carbonates species on the catalyst surface during the reaction, suggesting that more than one mechanism may occur simultaneously.
Desenvolvimento de procedimentos eletroanalíticos para a determinação de antioxidantes e corantes em produtos alimentícios empregando um eletrodo de diamante dopado com boro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-04-29)
Medeiros, Roberta Antigo
;
Fatibello Filho, Orlando
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9859737944357808
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3760577547828061
The following topics were investigated in this thesis: a) the electrochemical response of a boron-doped diamond electrode, after different electrochemical pretreatments, for two antioxidants (butylated hydroxyanisole BHA and butylated hydroxytoluene BHT) and three food colorants (tartrazine TT, sunset yellow SY, and brilliant blue BB); b) the development of electroanalytical methods for the simultaneous determination of these antioxidants and colorants, using pulse voltammetric techniques (SWV and DPV) and the multiple pulse amperometric technique coupled to a FIA system (MPA-FIA). In general, for the antioxidants as well as the food colorants, lower redox potentials and higher intensities of peak current were obtained after the BDD electrode underwent cathodic pretreatment on its surface. Better analytical conditions for the determination of both antioxidants in 0.01 mol L-1 KNO3 (30% v/v ethanol; pHcond. = 1.5) were obtained using SWV, which was selected for the simultaneous determination of BHA and BHT, when a 300 mV separation between their oxidation peak potentials was attained. The corresponding analytical curves were linear in the concentration range 5.99 × 10-7 to 1.01 × 10-5 mol L-1, with detection limits of 1.45 10-7 mol L-1, for BHA, and 2.47 10-7 mol L-1, for BHT. The simultaneous determination of these antioxidants was also carried out using MPA-FIA, applying a dualpotential waveform: Edet.1 = 850 mV / 200 ms and Edet.2 = 1150 mV / 200 ms vs. Ag/AgCl (3.0 mol L-1 KCl). Only BHA is oxidized at Edet.1, while both BHA and BHT are oxidized at Edet.2; thus, IBHA = IEdet.1 and IBHT = IEdet.2 - IEdet.1. The respective analytical curves presented a good linearity in the investigated concentration ranges (4.80 10-8 - 3.00 10-6 mol L-1, for BHA, and 6.80 10-7 6.80 10-5 mol L-1, for BHT), with detection limits of 3.00 10-8 mol L-1, for BHA, and 4.00 10-7 mol L-1, for BHT. DPV was used for the simultaneous voltammetric determination of the colorant pairs TT and SY or BB and SY; in the 0.10 mol L-1 H2SO4 supporting electrolyte, the separation between the reduction peak potentials was 150 mV, for TT and SY, and 189 mV, for BB and SY. The corresponding analytical curves were obtained in the concentration ranges 9.99 × 10-8 - 5.66 × 10-6 mol L-1, for TT, and 2.00 × 10-8 - 4.76 × 10-6 mol L-1, for SY, 5.96 × 10-7 - 9.90 × 10-6 mol L-1, for BB, and 9.99 × 10-8 - 4.76 × 10-6 mol L-1, for SY. The obtained detection limits were 6.27 × 10-8 mol L-1 and 1.31 × 10-8 mol L-1 for the pair TT and SY, respectively, and 1.43 × 10-7 mol L-1 and 2.56 × 10-8 mol L-1, for the pair BB and SY, respectively. An MPA-FIA procedure for the simultaneous determination of these pairs of colorants was also developed. The dual-potential waveform was the following: Edet.1 = -150 mV / 400 ms, when only SY is reduced, and Edet.2 = -450 mV / 100 ms vs. Ag/AgCl (3.0 mol L-1 KCl), when both TT and SY or BB and SY are reduced. Detection limits of 2.55 10-6 mol L-1 and 8.10 10-7 mol L-1 were obtained for colorant pair TT and SY, respectively, and 3.52 10-6 mol L-1 and 8.54 10-7 mol L-1, for the pair BB and SY, respectively. Finally, the proposed methods were successfully applied in the simultaneous determination of those antioxidants and colorants in food products; the obtained results were satisfactory and similar to those obtained using high-performance liquid chromatography methods adopted as comparative methods.
Avaliação sistemática do efeito de matriz em ensaios bioanalíticos por LC-MS/MS para a análise de rifampicina em fluidos biológicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-04-29)
Iceri, Taciane Mitsuko
;
Oliveira, Regina Vincenzi
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6609377714413073
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9365883330503284
Bioanalytical assays by LC-MS/MS were conducted in order to investigate the matrix effect (ME) in the analysis of rifampicin (RIF) in biological matrices, human plasma or microsomal fractions, which were submitted to different sample pretreatment procedures: 1) off-line – solid phase extraction (SPE), protein precipitation using acetonitrila (PP(ACN)) or methanol (PP(MeOH)) and 2) on-line – by using of a restricted access media (RAM) bovine serum albumin (BSA) octyl column in a single or multidimensional mode of analysis. The ME was also determined through the employment of different chromatographic conditions and different mechanisms of ionization. Conventional stationary phases (C18 Nucleosil homemade; 5 μm, 100 Å) and columns with Fused Core technology (C18 Supelco Ascentis® Express; 2,7 μm, 90 Å), as well as, atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) and electrospray (ESI) were investigated in this work. Among the off-line sample clean-up (RIF 50 g/mL) procedures evaluated in the quantitative ME experiments by LC-ESI-MS/MS, it was found that SPE showed to be more efficient in the reduction of ME. Additionally, the chromatographic conditions using the Ascentis Express column provided the best result for ME reduction. Therefore, the Ascentis Express column was chosen to be used in the evaluation of the ionization mechanisms in either quantitative or qualitative experiments using off-line extraction configuration and, in all results obtained, the ESI ionization was less susceptible to ME than APCI. The assays of biological samples spiked before and after the off-line clean-up procedures also provided results for recovery (RE) and process efficiency (PE). For the sample preparation using the on-line RAM-C8-BSA column (5,0 x 0,46 cm I.D.; 10 m, 100 Å) two methods were developed: 1) single mode and 2) multidimensional configuration of analysis, with the C18 Ascentis Express in the second chromatographic dimension. In these procedures the ESI ionization was the ionization source employed. The ME was measured for RIF (500 ng/mL) and when the microsomal fractions was the biological fluid, the multidimensional configuration allowed a reduction of ME from 47.86 % to 14.63 % by comparing to the single mode result. For the human plasma was not possible to obtain a ME profile since this Abstract / xxvi comparison was hampered by the unidimensional data (RSD = 38.73 %). In most cases, when the results obtained from microsomal fractions and human plasma were compared, there was no predominant ME correlation between both matrices for all extraction procedures off-line and on-line. In this work, the rifampicin LC-MS/MS analysis was performed in positive ion mode, monitoring the m/z 823  791 transition.
As vicissitudes de famílias que convivem com a violência: um estudo longitudinal com intervenção
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-04-29)
Pereira, Paulo Celso
;
Williams, Lúcia Cavalcanti de Albuquerque
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6962646759651464
Family violence is an international phenomenon, victimizing, among others, primarily women and children. The child may be the target of abuse (direct violence) and/or being exposed to marital violence (indirect violence). Women are the preferential victim of marital aggression. Such factors are serious risk factor for any stage of development. The objectives of the present study were: 1) conducting a longitudinal study to investigate the events over time (four years) of families living with violence, in order to: a) determine the impact of family violence on children's school performance; b) identify risk and protective factors present in the current context of family violence, and c) identifying a history of victimization of the father and his views on family violence (Study 1); and 2) implementing and evaluating an intervention program to teach parenting skills to mothers who are victims of domestic violence, and whose children were also victimized (Study 2). Participants in Study 1 were 18 adolescents, 17 mothers and 12 fathers. The adolescents were assessed at school and responded to the Parenting Styles Inventory (IEP), presented a sample of their school notebook and Report Card in terms of Math and Portuguese grades, as well as producing an essay in terms of a particular drawing as analysis of their writing skills. Mothers and fathers were assessed in their respective homes, answering a semi-structured interview. The data obtained from the longitudinal study (Study 1) revealed that most families overcame two serious risk factors which had ceased: family violence and the use of alcohol or drugs. In terms of domestic violence, the cessation of violence against women was statistically significant, a positive outcome, which also means the end of the exposure of children to marital aggression. The condition of poverty in the families has remained over time. Except for one adolescent, all others attended school, which in this study served as a protective factor. More than half of youngsters maintained or improved their school performance. In Study 2, these 17 mothers participated of an intervention program called Project Parceria (Partnership), consisting of 16 weekly sessions conducted in the homes of participants. Mothers filled an Evaluation Sheet Daily of their sense of well-being and of maternal competence. The intervention program was evaluated in three stages: pre-intervention, post intervention and followup. In addition, for the evaluation of the intervention mothers answered the following instruments: Parenting Styles Inventory (IEP), The Inventory of Child Abuse Potential (CAP), and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire for Children (SDQ). The intervention program had total attendance by mothers, which is unusual, considering the vulnerability profile of these families. The data that evaluated the program indicated favorable results, especially regarding the IEP and SDQ, as the increase in scores from pre-intervention to post-intervention, for such instruments was statistically significant. In conclusion, despite the crystallization of risk factors, family, social and/or school resources have acted as facilitators of resilience. The study showed that it is possible and feasible to conduct intervention with vulnerable families with psychosocial risk. Implementation of other longitudinal studies is suggested, as well as the replication of the intervention program.
Análise do alinhamento da estratégia de marcas próprias do atacado distribuidor em relação às perspectivas dos clientes varejistas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-04-29)
Piato, Éderson Luiz
;
Silva, Andrea Lago da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1439984077907071
For the past few years, wholesalers have shown strong involvement with marketing strategies, including private labels management. This study aims at evaluating the alignment between wholesalers private labels strategy and its retailing customers perspectives, analysing the marketing elements involved in this relationship. This is a qualitative research with exploratory purpose. The research was developed in five sequential phases. In phase one, secondary data was collected though bibliographic research. During phase two, research s elements and questions were defined. Wholesalers were contacted during phase three, asking for retailers contacts from their database (retailers that buy private labels from the wholesalers). During this phase, a pre-test of the study was developed with two different retailers. In phase four, semi-structured interviews with managers and owners of fifteen food retailers in Sao Paulo and Minas Gerais were developed. The interviewed retailers are wholesalers private labels customers. Phase five was characterized by the data analysis, using content analysis and data sources triangulation. As a result, the study presents an analysis of wholesalers private labels strategy based on retailers perspectives about the marketing elements involved in this strategy. Through a comparative analysis of these elements, it was possible to evaluate how retailers understand the marketing elements developed and managed by wholesalers. It was also possible to analyse which aspects facilitate or not the alignment between agents perspectives, as well as strategic and managerial implications of the gaps in this strategy. From the results, it was possible to develop an analytical scheme with suggestions to facilitate the alignment between wholesalers private label strategies and the role of its customers (the interviewed retailers), specially in terms of joint management and implementation of the strategy. Finally, limitations of the research and suggestions for future researches were presented.
Melhoria do software de medição de desempenho com base na satisfação do usuário numa empresa de celulose e papel
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-04-29)
Pinheiro, Sandro Bressan
;
Martins, Roberto Antonio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3518820028045730
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6463855391860576
The performance measurement implementation fails in many companies because of lack of information technology (IT) support. Hence it is obvious that IT is one of the critical success factors for performance measurement implementation. The successful implementation of performance measurement depends less on selecting the right measures and more on the way the measures are implemented and used by the people in the business. The data collection, analysis and reporting should be automated as much as possible to save time and effort as well as to provide consistency. Software from PMS is defined as an ideal the better designed (technical factors) and meet people (personal factors) of the organization. The successful deployment of an PMS is related to the ability of organizations to react to changes and manage the use of automated performance measurement, exploiting the latest technology. This thesis aims to improve software performance measurement based on user satisfaction in a business of pulp and paper. The quasi-experiment showed that the end user participating in the full development of PMS, since its design and in all stages of validation or the definition of improvement, they realize the benefits of deployment, and can understand the logic of the management model the company, its tools and concepts. The results of research in this thesis, we hope to benefit many users who have or are planning to implement performance measurement software.
Desenvolvimento de procedimentos de digestão e especiação para amostras biológicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-04-29)
Matos, Wladiana Oliveira
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Nogueira, Ana Rita de Araújo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7034773971317045
In general, sample preparation is the most critical step in an analytical sequence. The development of faster, simpler, cheaper and greener procedures is required. In this work, two digestion methods for biological samples using microwave radiation have been developed. One of proposed digestion methods consist on the partial decomposition of meat tissues using PTFE micro vessels under microwave radiation. In this procedure, it was used 50 mg of sample and 50 μL of concentrated HNO3. Digestion is carried out in 7 min applying 650 W microwave power. Recoveries around 100% were obtained for determination of Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn and Zn by ICP OES, when the method was applied to bovine liver and muscle certified reference materials. The second proposed digestion method combines the use of infrared radiation with microwave radiation, which allowed the decomposition of 1 g of human food and coffee samples by using microwave oven cavity. Recoveries around 80-100% were reached in the determination of Al, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn and Zn by ICP OES in certified reference materials. Another part of the thesis work was dedicated to the study of selenium fractionation and identification of its organic and inorganic species in samples of bovine semen. Selenium presents essential role in several biological functions of mammals. Infertility in humans and animals, including bulls, is related to the lack of this element. In this context, selenium distribution in lipids, proteins and low molecular weight compounds fractions of bovine semen was evaluated. Besides, a chromatographic separation method for Se(IV), Se(VI) and selenomethionine methylselenocysteine species was developed, in order to identify these species in a semen bovine sample.
Criação e visualização de interfaces do usuário cientes de contexto para realidade aumentada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-04-29)
Oliveira, Állan César Moreira de
;
Araujo, Regina Borges de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8964123297688432
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1729081803965609
Augmented reality is a research area that aims to enrich the user´s interaction experience with his/her surrounding environment by weaving together computer generated synthetic elements with the real world, making the distinction between real and virtual world less perceptible. The increasing integration of sensors in entities like mobile devices, intelligent buildings and infrastructures, vehicles, clothes, and even the human body, allows information about these entities (denominated contexts) to be used as part of both the interface and the user interaction experience, what makes AR interface project a challenge. According to researchers of AR area, Augmented Reality (AR) User Interface (UI) is an underexplored area, which faces many design and implementation challenges. These interfaces have the potential to use elements such as 3D and 2D and adapt them according to contexts in real-time. There are not many AR tools available for the building and visualization of AR UIs, especially considering context awareness. Therefore, this work presents two different tools that together can assist in the creation and visualization of context aware augmented reality interfaces: a pattern-driven AR interface visualization framework (VISAR), which allows AR interfaces to be developed by using pre-programmed interface components (patterns); and an AR Interface Editor (VISAR-IE) that supports interface design through modeling their patterns and adaptation rules. These patterns help to speed up implementation and design time, enabling the design of adaptive interfaces, and providing sharing and reuse of interfaces components. Three study cases are also presented to validate the developed tools: AR in a tangible multi-touch tabletop, AR drag and drop, and an AR system for firefighters in emergency management applications.
Dias de visita: uma sociologia da punição e das prisões em Itirapina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-03)
Silvestre, Giane
;
Sinhoretto, Jacqueline
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7743699562476490
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3990594434455024
The aim of the present work is to understand the transformations in São Paulo State prisons policies in the last three decades, from a case study on the city of Itirapina, located in the central region of the state. There are two prisons facilities installed at different moments, the city of Itirapina presents peculiarities in the prisons scene, therefore it is possible to observe the existence of two prisons implanted with distinct models and philosophies operating simultaneously. The first prison was founded in 1978, still under Brazilian s military dictatorship rules, and the second was founded in 1998 in a democratic context. The research realized a literature review on studies on violence, crime, punishment and social control, both globally and locally. The empirical research consisted of an archival research on local media reports, interviews with shopkeepers, prison agents and ethnography of the visit days with prisioners wives and on the meetings of the Itirapina s Community Security Council. It was possible to observe that the subjects involved with prison s daily life in the city of Itirapina, have a different perception and relationship with each one of the prisons installed, thus showing the coexistence of two distinct models of prisons policies where global perspectives cross local instances. The analysis point out a change in São Paulo State incarceration policies directives, in line with the changes that occurred worldwide, where the ideal of punishment as a social reinsertion element of prisoners, fell into decline, giving way to the policies of accelerated imprisonment turned to the control and management of prisoners, beyond the expansion of the prison system to the countryside municipalities. The presence of prisons impacts the local sociality, reordering the moral life and denying integration to the prisoners relatives in city life.
Sobre a lei em Aristóteles
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-04)
Amorim, Ana Paula Dezem
;
Lopes, Marisa da Silva
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5427042421727621
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4666134230177268
RÉSUMÉ Selon Aristote le but de l'homme et de la cité est l´eudaimonia, but que seulement peut être atteint par l'exercice d'une vie vertueuse dans la cité. Parmi les importants instruments politique sur lesquels la cité peut se valoir pour inciter la pratique d´actions bonnes et justes, c est-à-dire, les actions vertueuses qui produisent ou conservent l eudaimonia pour la communauté politique c est la loi. Cet instrument politique apparaît dans la cité en même temps avec la force coercitive et éducative, inculquant aux hommes à travers l´habitude une manière de vie compatible avec la vertu. Cependant, ce double rôle légal n'est pas toujours acceptée par les commentateurs, tel est le cas de Pierre Aubenque. Selon ce commentateur, la loi surgit dans la politique aristotélicienne avec la fonction d´empêcher la pratique des actions vicieuses, ne prenant pas la loi comme un outil pour l'éducation des citoyens dans la ville. Contrairement à ce commentateur, nous pensons que les deux fonctions légales, la coercition et l'éducation, sont essentielles à l'éthique et à la politique aristotélicienne, comme on peut le voir dans plusieurs passages de l'Éthique à Nicomaque et la Politique. Ce mémoire vise à présenter des arguments qui renforcent l'interprétation de ce double fonction de la loi, en particulier en ce qui concerne son rôle éducatif, indispensable à la réalisation de l´eudaimonia, autant pour la cité autant pour les citoyens.
As análises do tempo de Wittgenstein e o argumento da linguagem privada: o fim da memória como parte da estrutura lógica do mundo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-05)
Silva, Guilherme Ghisoni da
;
Ferraz Neto, Bento Prado de Almeida
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0084436724293824
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3762247800421770
The aim of this thesis is the study of Wittgenstein s analyses of time, during the middle period, and the connections of those analyses to the private language argument. This study showed the importance granted to memory, in 1929-1930, which allowed using it as a key concept for the understanding of a major change that happened to Wittgenstein s philosophy in the early thirties (the abandonment of the thesis of the complete determination of sense). The understanding of this abandonment, through the perspective of the analyses of time, taking memory as a key concept, was used as a backdrop for the comprehension of some important passages from the book Philosophical Investigations, in which Wittgenstein deals with the problem of the language of sense-data and private experience.
Variação genética de uma população cativa de Mutum-do- Sudeste (Crax blumenbachii Spix, 1825) (Aves: Cracidae) como subsídio para manejo e conservação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-06)
Diegues, Savana
;
Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5623321124104093
The biodiversity conservation is necessary for the natural ecosystems maintenance and their ecological interactions. The loss of species by human actions, which has been accentuated over the last decades, must be minimized and the search for its conservation is necessary. The endangered species of fauna require efforts for a proper management and the maintenance of genetic diversity is essential to the management success. The Cracid birds are an important group to the maintenance and regeneration of the ecosystems where they live. Thus, support studies to analyze the genetic diversity of these animals are critical for an appropriate management in captivity and wild life. Microsatellites are molecular markers for genetic diversity analyzes widely used and they have advantages over other methods, however, they are specific and they need to be isolated for each species in research. Therefore, microsatellites were prospected to Crax blumenbachii, an endangered type of cracid, validating them and supplying researches for their genetic diversity in search of biodiversity conservation. These markers have been used to analyze the genetic variation and the kinship degree of a captivity population of southeastern curassows from Poços de Caldas/MG breeding site. The results show a number of alleles per locus from two to four, the expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.35 to 0.70 and the observed one ranged from 0.41 to 1.0, which do not have a significant difference. Based on the found PIC values none locus is considered uninformative. The PID, considering all the loci, was 2.46 x 10-7 which means that the loci, characterized together, present a good resolution to individual identification. All the polymorphic loci were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and it was not found significant linkage disequilibrium among any loci pair. It was found no evidence of a recent population bottleneck. The FIS results do not indicate neither excess nor heterozygote deficit at the analyzed loci, implying that the captive management and breeding are being planned properly. With the obtained data from the kinship analyzes it was possible proposing not related couples to reproduction which would maximize the captive population s genetic variability. The developed molecular markers in this research proved to be a good tool for genetic variation assessing of the captive population of the studied species and they supply genetic researches to maximize the management efficiency for cracid birds conservation.
A contribuição da sistematização de experiências para o fortalecimento do campo agroecológico e da agricultura familiar no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-06)
Sanches, Cinara Del'Arco
;
Abreu, Lucimar Santiago de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7025928931374268
Despite all the advances, Brazil remains under the governmental politics orientation. This framework strengthens the support to agribusiness and agroindustrial sector, which leads to exportation, especially the agrochemicals dependent crops. This has contributed for the increase of the land concentration and the extension of agricultural borders. In this context the Agroecology emerges as a scientific proposal and delineates a set of actions and strategies that especially base the new paradigm of agricultural development demanded for familiar agriculture. The confrontation of the hegemonic model of production and consumption takes place in a playing field in society, which is primarily political. The increase of the agroecological experiences allows greater visibility and forges the creation of a socio-political environment conducive to networks and increasing connectivity between the networks and alliances, that fulfill the role to interchange the experiences and to actively participate of public spaces of debate and construction on the agricultural development. From this perspective, the systematization of experiences can help addressing the challenges of today therefore representing a strategy. That strategy analyzes critically the experiences in course and allows the sharing of the learning extracted during the process. For its strategic character, the systematization has been gaining space among civil society organizations and social movements even though still timidly. This research intends to develop the understanding of the relevance of the systematization of experiences, especially those facilitated by civil society organizations to strengthen the agroecological field and familiar agriculture. To this end, it revises the concepts Agroecology, Familiar Agriculture and Systematization, then it composes a method and systemizes the experience in the Policulture in semi-arid region Project, describing the main learning generated during and after initiative.
Erosimetria a quente: equipamento, adequações e correlações dos valores obtidos com as propriedades de concretos refratários
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-09)
Gonçalves, Lidia Regina Garcia
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Pandolfelli, Victor Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369376873984839
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7485286945856414
The erosion wear is a mechanism that results in the removal of material from the surface by erosive particles. In some applications, such as calciners used in the aluminum industry and risers of the petrochemical industry, the erosive wear is one of the most critical problems of the refractory lining. Since they are equipments used in the critical phases of these industries production process, needs of long maintenance stops can severely impact their productive process, resulting in significant financial losses. Aiming to maximize the periods in which maintenance calls are not required, refractory materials qualifications are periodically performed in order to help on selecting the highest performance materials. However, even though the service temperatures for these applications are usually high, nowadays the erosion tests are performed only at room temperature in these qualification processes. Additionally, it uses a correlation that assumes that a higher hot modulus of rupture will result in a higher erosive resistance, in the same temperature range. Thus, aiming to reproduce the operation conditions in a more realistic way, the main goal for the present work (which was conducted in partnership with Alcoa and Petrobras) was to enhance the operation of the hot erosion equipment previously developed by other members of GEMM/UFSCar (Materials Microstructure Engineering Group), by making adjustments on its initial design. This enhancement resulted in the development of a calibration methodology for the equipment and the elaboration of a standard procedure for hot erosion tests. And finally, refractory materials were characterized and the results indicated that, for the analyzed materials, the erosive behavior varies as function of the temperature and that there is not always a linear correlation between erosion resistance and the other properties analyzed.
Estudo da atividade biológica do motivo ECD do domínio tipo-desintegrina da botropasina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-10)
Ike, Priscila Tomie Leme
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Souza, Dulcina Maria Pinatti Ferreira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4100119317525940
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6087440082982145
Integrins are cell surface receptors that mediate cell adhesion and platelet aggregation, although they do part of important physiological processes in the organism, are also related pathologies such as tumorigenesis, metastasis and thrombosis. Thus integrins are important targets in development of drugs for the treatment of these diseases. Snake venoms metalloproteases (SVMPs) of PII and PIII class possessing a disintegrin domain, capable of binding to integrins inhibiting its activity, have been widely studied for this purpose. PII-SVMPs bind integrins via the RGD motif found in disintegrin domain. PIII-SVMPs have three domains: metalloprotease (M), disintegrin-like (D) with the ECD motif instead of RGD and 'Cysteine-rich' domain (C). PIII-SVMPs containing only DC domains are able to interact with integrins inhibiting cell adhesion and platelet aggregation. However it is not known which region of these molecules is involved in binding to integrins, and two regions are identified as likely responsible for integrin-ligand interactions: the motif ECD and a region called the hyper variable region (HVR) present in some PIII-SVMPs. The intention here was to assist the understanding of this interaction, assessing the importance of ECD motif present in disintegrin-like domain of Bothropasin, a PIIISVMP. For the three-dimensional structure of bothropasin, we have that in the ECD motif, aspartic residue (D) made a interaction with calcium ions, and cysteine (C) is involved in a disulfide bridge, but the glutamic acid (E) which is very reactive, is free to interact with other molecules. Thus, the proposal was to obtain a recombinant molecule consisting in the D and C domains of bothropasin (BDC) and a mutant molecule (BDC-ACD), where the glutamic residue of EDC motif present in disintegrin-like domain of BDC is replaced by a alanine residue. BDC-ACD, was obtained by PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) using the QuikChange@ Site-Directed Mutagenesis Kit, with the DNA template pGEX-4T-BDC and primers containing the desired mutation. The recombinant proteins were expressed in the soluble form in fusion with glutathione Stransferase protein. Purification of recombinants proteins was made in Glutathione Sepharose resin and the fusion proteins, immobilized on the resin were cleaved with enzyme thrombin. BDC and BDC-DCA were evaluated for their ability to inhibition of platelet aggregation which found that the mutation did not cause a significant change in protein activity, indicating that the glutamic residue of ECD motif is not involved in connection with integrins. Were also assayed for inhibition of adhesion of breast adenocarcinoma cells (MDA-MB- 231) to collagen and no inhibition was observed suggesting that, like the other PIII-SVMPs, BDC interact with α2 subunits of intergrins, which are not expressed in tested cells.
Avaliação espacial das variáveis ambientais e da estrutura trófica da ictiofauna de tributários da Bacia Tocantins Araguaia, Brasil Central
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-10)
Melo, Tatiana Lima de
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Peret, Alberto Carvalho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0995579236780271
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5554075100354026
This study aimed to compare the ichthyofauna and characterize the physical environmental variables and trophic structure of fishes in tributaries of the Tocantins- Araguaia, state of Goias. The samples were collected in 54 streams and rivers, 28 tributaries of Araguaia River and 26 of Tocantins River. For comparison of the ichthyofauna was used CPUE biomass and for the characterization of the variables were considered the altitude, channel width, luminosity, channel depth, turbidity, water velocity and organic detritus. The trophic structure was determined based on the diet of the fish fauna through analysis of stomach contents and data from literature. The results showed that the biomass of fish fauna present difference between the basins and rivers and streams collected. The analysis showed that the highest values of turbidity and water velocity were more significant for rivers, while in the streams the velocity, luminosity and width were more important. The trophic structure of fish fauna of rivers and streams of the Tocantins-Araguaia was represented by eight trophic guilds (algivore, carnivore, detritivore, herbivore, invertivore lepidophage, omnivore and piscivore), being composed mainly omnivores, invertivores, piscivores and detritivores species of the fishes. The heterogeneity of habitat found in sites sampled may be the main factor for the differences between the rivers and streams studied. For some of the stretches sampled in the basin of Araguaia River are inserted in a flood plain, while those of the Tocantins River basin draining mountainous areas.
Expressão de miostatina, ActRIIB, ALK4 e folistatina em músculo esquelético e tecidos adiposos de ratos diabéticos submetidos ao exercício de natação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-11)
Dutra, Daniela Bassi
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Leal, Ângela Merice de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7202663545989206
Introduction: Myostatin (MSTN), a member of TGF-β family, is characterized as a negative regulator of muscle mass and is present in small quantities in adipose tissue. Accumulating evidences suggest its participation in energetic metabolism. Follistatin (FS) is a non-related protein which inhibits MSTN action. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the influence of exercise in the expression of MSTN, its receptors (ActRIIB and ALK4), and FS in muscle (white gastrocnemius) and fat (epidydimal, mesenteric, subcutaneous and brow adipose tissue BAT) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Material and Methods: Control and diabetic animals were randomly assigned to a swimming training group (EC and ED) or a sedentary group (SC and SD). Exercising animals swam for 4 weeks. MSTN, ActRIIB, ALK4 and FS mRNA was quantified by real time RT-PCR and protein expression by Western blotting. Results: Blood glucose was significantly lower in ED than in SD. MSTN and FS mRNA expression increased in SD compared to SC in muscle and subcutaneous fat. The expression of ActRIIB mRNA increased in SD compared to SC in muscle, mesenteric fat and BAT. Expression of ALK4 mRNA increased in SD compared to SC only in BAT. The protein expression of MSTN increased in muscle of the DS when compared to CS. The expression of N-terminal propeptide from the MSTN increased in DS compared to CS in mesenteric fat and TAM. After training, MSTN and ActRIIB were lower in EC compared to SC in BAT. MSTN increased in mesenteric fat and FS mRNA expression decreased in muscle, mesenteric, subcutaneous fat and BAT in ED when compared with SD. ALK4 mRNA expression was lower in BAT when compared to ED with SD. The expression of LAP of MSTN decreased in muscle and mesenteric fat f DE compared to DS. Conclusion: The results indicate that MSTN, its receptors and FS expression changes in both muscle and adipose tissues in diabetic rats and that their expression can be modulated by exercise in Diabetes Mellitus.