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As análises do tempo de Wittgenstein e o argumento da linguagem privada: o fim da memória como parte da estrutura lógica do mundo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-05)
Silva, Guilherme Ghisoni da
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Ferraz Neto, Bento Prado de Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0084436724293824
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3762247800421770
The aim of this thesis is the study of Wittgenstein s analyses of time, during the middle period, and the connections of those analyses to the private language argument. This study showed the importance granted to memory, in 1929-1930, which allowed using it as a key concept for the understanding of a major change that happened to Wittgenstein s philosophy in the early thirties (the abandonment of the thesis of the complete determination of sense). The understanding of this abandonment, through the perspective of the analyses of time, taking memory as a key concept, was used as a backdrop for the comprehension of some important passages from the book Philosophical Investigations, in which Wittgenstein deals with the problem of the language of sense-data and private experience.
Variação genética de uma população cativa de Mutum-do- Sudeste (Crax blumenbachii Spix, 1825) (Aves: Cracidae) como subsídio para manejo e conservação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-06)
Diegues, Savana
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Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5623321124104093
The biodiversity conservation is necessary for the natural ecosystems maintenance and their ecological interactions. The loss of species by human actions, which has been accentuated over the last decades, must be minimized and the search for its conservation is necessary. The endangered species of fauna require efforts for a proper management and the maintenance of genetic diversity is essential to the management success. The Cracid birds are an important group to the maintenance and regeneration of the ecosystems where they live. Thus, support studies to analyze the genetic diversity of these animals are critical for an appropriate management in captivity and wild life. Microsatellites are molecular markers for genetic diversity analyzes widely used and they have advantages over other methods, however, they are specific and they need to be isolated for each species in research. Therefore, microsatellites were prospected to Crax blumenbachii, an endangered type of cracid, validating them and supplying researches for their genetic diversity in search of biodiversity conservation. These markers have been used to analyze the genetic variation and the kinship degree of a captivity population of southeastern curassows from Poços de Caldas/MG breeding site. The results show a number of alleles per locus from two to four, the expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.35 to 0.70 and the observed one ranged from 0.41 to 1.0, which do not have a significant difference. Based on the found PIC values none locus is considered uninformative. The PID, considering all the loci, was 2.46 x 10-7 which means that the loci, characterized together, present a good resolution to individual identification. All the polymorphic loci were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and it was not found significant linkage disequilibrium among any loci pair. It was found no evidence of a recent population bottleneck. The FIS results do not indicate neither excess nor heterozygote deficit at the analyzed loci, implying that the captive management and breeding are being planned properly. With the obtained data from the kinship analyzes it was possible proposing not related couples to reproduction which would maximize the captive population s genetic variability. The developed molecular markers in this research proved to be a good tool for genetic variation assessing of the captive population of the studied species and they supply genetic researches to maximize the management efficiency for cracid birds conservation.
A contribuição da sistematização de experiências para o fortalecimento do campo agroecológico e da agricultura familiar no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-06)
Sanches, Cinara Del'Arco
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Abreu, Lucimar Santiago de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7025928931374268
Despite all the advances, Brazil remains under the governmental politics orientation. This framework strengthens the support to agribusiness and agroindustrial sector, which leads to exportation, especially the agrochemicals dependent crops. This has contributed for the increase of the land concentration and the extension of agricultural borders. In this context the Agroecology emerges as a scientific proposal and delineates a set of actions and strategies that especially base the new paradigm of agricultural development demanded for familiar agriculture. The confrontation of the hegemonic model of production and consumption takes place in a playing field in society, which is primarily political. The increase of the agroecological experiences allows greater visibility and forges the creation of a socio-political environment conducive to networks and increasing connectivity between the networks and alliances, that fulfill the role to interchange the experiences and to actively participate of public spaces of debate and construction on the agricultural development. From this perspective, the systematization of experiences can help addressing the challenges of today therefore representing a strategy. That strategy analyzes critically the experiences in course and allows the sharing of the learning extracted during the process. For its strategic character, the systematization has been gaining space among civil society organizations and social movements even though still timidly. This research intends to develop the understanding of the relevance of the systematization of experiences, especially those facilitated by civil society organizations to strengthen the agroecological field and familiar agriculture. To this end, it revises the concepts Agroecology, Familiar Agriculture and Systematization, then it composes a method and systemizes the experience in the Policulture in semi-arid region Project, describing the main learning generated during and after initiative.
Erosimetria a quente: equipamento, adequações e correlações dos valores obtidos com as propriedades de concretos refratários
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-09)
Gonçalves, Lidia Regina Garcia
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Pandolfelli, Victor Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369376873984839
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7485286945856414
The erosion wear is a mechanism that results in the removal of material from the surface by erosive particles. In some applications, such as calciners used in the aluminum industry and risers of the petrochemical industry, the erosive wear is one of the most critical problems of the refractory lining. Since they are equipments used in the critical phases of these industries production process, needs of long maintenance stops can severely impact their productive process, resulting in significant financial losses. Aiming to maximize the periods in which maintenance calls are not required, refractory materials qualifications are periodically performed in order to help on selecting the highest performance materials. However, even though the service temperatures for these applications are usually high, nowadays the erosion tests are performed only at room temperature in these qualification processes. Additionally, it uses a correlation that assumes that a higher hot modulus of rupture will result in a higher erosive resistance, in the same temperature range. Thus, aiming to reproduce the operation conditions in a more realistic way, the main goal for the present work (which was conducted in partnership with Alcoa and Petrobras) was to enhance the operation of the hot erosion equipment previously developed by other members of GEMM/UFSCar (Materials Microstructure Engineering Group), by making adjustments on its initial design. This enhancement resulted in the development of a calibration methodology for the equipment and the elaboration of a standard procedure for hot erosion tests. And finally, refractory materials were characterized and the results indicated that, for the analyzed materials, the erosive behavior varies as function of the temperature and that there is not always a linear correlation between erosion resistance and the other properties analyzed.
Estudo da atividade biológica do motivo ECD do domínio tipo-desintegrina da botropasina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-10)
Ike, Priscila Tomie Leme
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Souza, Dulcina Maria Pinatti Ferreira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4100119317525940
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6087440082982145
Integrins are cell surface receptors that mediate cell adhesion and platelet aggregation, although they do part of important physiological processes in the organism, are also related pathologies such as tumorigenesis, metastasis and thrombosis. Thus integrins are important targets in development of drugs for the treatment of these diseases. Snake venoms metalloproteases (SVMPs) of PII and PIII class possessing a disintegrin domain, capable of binding to integrins inhibiting its activity, have been widely studied for this purpose. PII-SVMPs bind integrins via the RGD motif found in disintegrin domain. PIII-SVMPs have three domains: metalloprotease (M), disintegrin-like (D) with the ECD motif instead of RGD and 'Cysteine-rich' domain (C). PIII-SVMPs containing only DC domains are able to interact with integrins inhibiting cell adhesion and platelet aggregation. However it is not known which region of these molecules is involved in binding to integrins, and two regions are identified as likely responsible for integrin-ligand interactions: the motif ECD and a region called the hyper variable region (HVR) present in some PIII-SVMPs. The intention here was to assist the understanding of this interaction, assessing the importance of ECD motif present in disintegrin-like domain of Bothropasin, a PIIISVMP. For the three-dimensional structure of bothropasin, we have that in the ECD motif, aspartic residue (D) made a interaction with calcium ions, and cysteine (C) is involved in a disulfide bridge, but the glutamic acid (E) which is very reactive, is free to interact with other molecules. Thus, the proposal was to obtain a recombinant molecule consisting in the D and C domains of bothropasin (BDC) and a mutant molecule (BDC-ACD), where the glutamic residue of EDC motif present in disintegrin-like domain of BDC is replaced by a alanine residue. BDC-ACD, was obtained by PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) using the QuikChange@ Site-Directed Mutagenesis Kit, with the DNA template pGEX-4T-BDC and primers containing the desired mutation. The recombinant proteins were expressed in the soluble form in fusion with glutathione Stransferase protein. Purification of recombinants proteins was made in Glutathione Sepharose resin and the fusion proteins, immobilized on the resin were cleaved with enzyme thrombin. BDC and BDC-DCA were evaluated for their ability to inhibition of platelet aggregation which found that the mutation did not cause a significant change in protein activity, indicating that the glutamic residue of ECD motif is not involved in connection with integrins. Were also assayed for inhibition of adhesion of breast adenocarcinoma cells (MDA-MB- 231) to collagen and no inhibition was observed suggesting that, like the other PIII-SVMPs, BDC interact with α2 subunits of intergrins, which are not expressed in tested cells.
Avaliação espacial das variáveis ambientais e da estrutura trófica da ictiofauna de tributários da Bacia Tocantins Araguaia, Brasil Central
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-10)
Melo, Tatiana Lima de
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Peret, Alberto Carvalho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0995579236780271
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5554075100354026
This study aimed to compare the ichthyofauna and characterize the physical environmental variables and trophic structure of fishes in tributaries of the Tocantins- Araguaia, state of Goias. The samples were collected in 54 streams and rivers, 28 tributaries of Araguaia River and 26 of Tocantins River. For comparison of the ichthyofauna was used CPUE biomass and for the characterization of the variables were considered the altitude, channel width, luminosity, channel depth, turbidity, water velocity and organic detritus. The trophic structure was determined based on the diet of the fish fauna through analysis of stomach contents and data from literature. The results showed that the biomass of fish fauna present difference between the basins and rivers and streams collected. The analysis showed that the highest values of turbidity and water velocity were more significant for rivers, while in the streams the velocity, luminosity and width were more important. The trophic structure of fish fauna of rivers and streams of the Tocantins-Araguaia was represented by eight trophic guilds (algivore, carnivore, detritivore, herbivore, invertivore lepidophage, omnivore and piscivore), being composed mainly omnivores, invertivores, piscivores and detritivores species of the fishes. The heterogeneity of habitat found in sites sampled may be the main factor for the differences between the rivers and streams studied. For some of the stretches sampled in the basin of Araguaia River are inserted in a flood plain, while those of the Tocantins River basin draining mountainous areas.
Expressão de miostatina, ActRIIB, ALK4 e folistatina em músculo esquelético e tecidos adiposos de ratos diabéticos submetidos ao exercício de natação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-11)
Dutra, Daniela Bassi
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Leal, Ângela Merice de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7202663545989206
Introduction: Myostatin (MSTN), a member of TGF-β family, is characterized as a negative regulator of muscle mass and is present in small quantities in adipose tissue. Accumulating evidences suggest its participation in energetic metabolism. Follistatin (FS) is a non-related protein which inhibits MSTN action. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the influence of exercise in the expression of MSTN, its receptors (ActRIIB and ALK4), and FS in muscle (white gastrocnemius) and fat (epidydimal, mesenteric, subcutaneous and brow adipose tissue BAT) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Material and Methods: Control and diabetic animals were randomly assigned to a swimming training group (EC and ED) or a sedentary group (SC and SD). Exercising animals swam for 4 weeks. MSTN, ActRIIB, ALK4 and FS mRNA was quantified by real time RT-PCR and protein expression by Western blotting. Results: Blood glucose was significantly lower in ED than in SD. MSTN and FS mRNA expression increased in SD compared to SC in muscle and subcutaneous fat. The expression of ActRIIB mRNA increased in SD compared to SC in muscle, mesenteric fat and BAT. Expression of ALK4 mRNA increased in SD compared to SC only in BAT. The protein expression of MSTN increased in muscle of the DS when compared to CS. The expression of N-terminal propeptide from the MSTN increased in DS compared to CS in mesenteric fat and TAM. After training, MSTN and ActRIIB were lower in EC compared to SC in BAT. MSTN increased in mesenteric fat and FS mRNA expression decreased in muscle, mesenteric, subcutaneous fat and BAT in ED when compared with SD. ALK4 mRNA expression was lower in BAT when compared to ED with SD. The expression of LAP of MSTN decreased in muscle and mesenteric fat f DE compared to DS. Conclusion: The results indicate that MSTN, its receptors and FS expression changes in both muscle and adipose tissues in diabetic rats and that their expression can be modulated by exercise in Diabetes Mellitus.
Levantamento das subfamílias de Braconidae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonoidea) em área de diferentes estágios de conservação, no Vale do Paraíba, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-11)
Barbieri Junior, Celso Alfredo
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Dias, Angélica Maria Penteado Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8637344058859147
Was conducted a survey of the subfamilies of Braconidae (Hymenoptera) on tree different ecosystems of Vale do Paraíba region, São Paulo state, Brazil: a degraded pasture, a secondary forest and an area in the recovery process, using native tree seedlings, during the period of September, 2007 to August of 2009. The objective was to verify the use of these animals as a tool to check the local conservation by examining the Shannon´s diversity index. Ten subfamilies were identified and Microgastrinae was predominant in number of individuals. The diversities index calculated vary between the sampled areas, thus showing a correlation with vegetation cover with the number of individuals collected and number of subfamilies found. The data analysis showed changes in the community of Braconidae, in the recovery area between the first and second year of study, showing that the community of these animals is highly sensitive and of rapid response to environmental changes, allowing concluding that animals are indicators of environmental quality.
O Easy Java Simulations como ferramenta de ensino e aprendizagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-12)
Gonçalves, Marco Antonio Spiropulos
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Studart Filho, Nelson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0451310772113076
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3972349691638406
The aim of this dissertation is to introduce a simulation tool called Easy Java Simulations (EJS), created by Francisco Esquembre, and also to provide guidelines to Physics teacher at the High School level in how it could be used by promoting differentiated learning activities for his students. An analysis of the strength of the tool EJS is performed and it is introduced the whole basic and necessary procedure for constructing a simulation, from the mathematical modeling of the evolution of the physical system until the elaboration of the interface that allows the visualization of the graphic elements. As a final product of the dissertation, it is presented an introductory guide to EJS for all teachers interested in learning and applying it within the classroom. It is intended that this work could motivate the teacher to improve his professional practice, breaking up with the actual classroom environment, based essentially on lectures and recitation classes, and through a continuous work of study and reflection, he could turn Physics teaching more efficient at the High School, since a significant portion of the students has shown little or none interest in studying Physics. Keywords: EJS. Easy Java Simulations. Physics Teaching. Teacher Preparation. Physics Simulation
Uso e manejo adaptativo dos recursos pesqueiros por comunidades tradicionais do rio Cuiabá, Pantanal - MT
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-13)
Ferraz, Luciana
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Silva, Carolina Joana da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5253872582067659
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4757316911689265
The present work was developed in the Middle Cuiabá River, Pantanal of Mato Grosso, as the objective to describe the type of fishing on traditional fishing communities relating to traditional ecological knowledge (CET) of artisanal fishermen, characterizing and analyzing the use and adaptive management of fishery resources the survey was conducted in the fishing communities of Bonsucesso, Sucuri and Barranco Alto.Para research were developed surveys the field and guided tours of the communities and fishing spots. snowball methods were used, open interviews, semi-structured and free list of technical questionnaire, for data analysis were used analysis Speeches, similarity analysis by Smith index, consensus analysis, scheduling multidimenciona by Antropac program and analysis of networks social Ulcinet the program. The results demosntram that fishermen have traditional ecological knowledge robust due to know, identify and use directly and indirectly on artisanal fishing practice 74 species of fish in the Pantanal, aimed at maintaining the fishing activity of subsistence and comercialização.A information obtained from this survey demonstrate the historical, generational and economic link between fishermen and link these with the floodable ecosystem that use, live and handle over gerações.Essas information is translated by the adaptability of the artisanal fisherman, due to observations and ecological experiments conducted by them, this knowledge produces a diversity of practices and fisheries strategies, conditions territoriality among fishermen, guaranteeing adapted fisheries management environmental conditions imposed by the river flood pulse Cuiabá.As pressures fisherfolk occur frequently in the Cuiabá river and Pantanal of Mato Grosso, originating from the market and the government, through institutions such as legislation and coercive surveillance, which are operationalized more rigid and threatening forms of traditional fishing communities. From this study it was concluded that the CTE of the artisanal fisherman is reliable with respect to the diversity of fish in the river Cuiaba, this knowledge and know-how systematic is informative to generate basic data on biology and ecology of fish categories, locally managed in fishing as the Cuiabá river flood pulse in the Pantanal and neglected by fisheries managers in Mato Grosso.
O rap e suas ressignificações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-13)
Teodósio, Marcela Dias
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Barbosa, Lúcia Maria de Assunção
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5030878430187815
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1697979962665916
z This study aims to analyze the linguistic practices by hip hop young activists, specially, through the artistic expression of the rap, conceived as the most expressive face of the movement, where the young people use a specific language to referring to the problems related to the daily routine of the suburbs. Among them, may be cited, violence, the poverty, unemployment and the failures in the government. To accomplish the proposed research, the main themes presented in the rap lyrics were selected, and, later, the semantic fields concerning the same themes, composed from the following lexical units, mother, suburbs, slums, ghettos, politics, hip hop and school were elaborated. From the elaboration of these semantic fields, it was possible to observe how such units are described in accordance with three dictionaries from different typologies, O Mini Houaiss Dicionário de Língua Portuguesa, o Dicionário Aurélio e o Dicionário de Usos do Português, in comparison with the meanings proposes in the rap lyrics, to verify the maintenance occurrence or removal, according to the relation of the sense of the words.
Educação científica e cidadania: as diferentes concepções e funções do conceito de cidadania nas pesquisas em Educação em Ciências
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-15)
Toti, Frederico Augusto
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Pierson, Alice Helena Campos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5154949759339458
The participating citizenship so central to the goals proclaimed Science Education in the 21 th century. However, there are different conceptions of its meaning and different relations between Science Education and citizenship, not always reconcilable. Despite this, little is clear about the ideas related to citizenship in the research papers in Science Education. Through a survey of theoretical and literature based on elements of Sociology, are characterized these different conceptions of citizenship and functions of the relations between Science Education and citizenship, from articles published in periodicals of international circulation, the area of Science Education. The results lead to significant debates about the relationship between Science Education and citizenship. The functions of these relationships, we analyzed papers seized, have common elements despite presenting itself in different conceptions of citizenship. The analysis suggests that the papers are reflected in four core ideas that currently influence the Science Education in the context of citizenship. These core ideas have been characterized and named: the emergence of a citizenship impulse; emergence of a cognitive impulse; emergence of environmental issues, the emergence of multicultural issues.
Fisioterapia respiratória em cirurgia bariátrica: procedimentos de avaliação e intervenção
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-16)
Moulim, Marcela Cangussu Barbalho
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Costa, Dirceu
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6474585165880832
Obesity, considered a worldwide epidemic, causes serious damage to health, especially to the respiratory function. These changes are caused by the extra adipose tissue in the chest wall and abdominal cavity of obese patients, which impairs the movement of the diaphragm and compress the lungs. In view of the limitations of conservative treatments, surgical interventions have been recommended as treatment of choice. This procedure can be carried out by laparoscopy or laparotomy (open). Because the pulmonary function is already in a compromised state before the operation in obese individuals, the choice for the surgical procedure to be used should consider the impact on respiration, thereby reducing the risk of developing postoperative pulmonary complications. Thus, the goal of the first study was to compare the effect on lung function and on pain of bariatric surgery performed by laparoscopy and laparotomy. Participated in this study 26 obese women who underwent bariatric surgery by laparoscopy (LG, n = 13) or laparotomy (OG, n = 13). The respiratory evaluation was performed in the preoperative period and on the second postoperative day by spirometry and other tests that evaluated respiratory muscle strength and diaphragmatic mobility. Pain was assessed by visual analogue scale on the second postoperative day. The results indicate that although there was no difference in the incidence of pulmonary complications and hospital stay between the groups, bariatric surgery performed by laparoscopy caused less pain and less impairment of pulmonary function in the postoperative period. Knowing the degree of impairment of pulmonary function in the postoperative period of bariatric surgery, especially by lapartomy, some strategies have been studied in order to attenuate these changes, such as preoperative inspiratory muscle training (IMT). Therefore, the objective of the second study was to determine whether the preoperative IMT in open bariatric surgery, is able to mitigate the impact of surgical trauma on muscle strength, in lung volumes and diaphragmatic mobility. We evaluated 32 obese women who underwent open bariatric surgery and randomized into two groups: one group that underwent preoperative IMT (IMT group - n = 15) or who received only conventional treatment (control group - n = 17). Tests were conducted to evaluate the respiratory muscle strength, lung volume and diaphragmatic excursion before the training period, after the training period and the first postoperative day. According to the results, could be verified that preoperative IMT improves inspiratory muscle strength (MIP) and attenuates the negative impact of open bariatric surgery to this variable, although it seems not to influence the MEP, the lung volume and diaphragmatic excursion. Additionally, studies have suggested that weight loss can reverse many changes in lung function caused by obesity. Therefore, in the third and final study, we evaluated the lung function of some patients (n = 14) of first and second study, sedentary, 1 year after bariatric surgery by means of spirometry and respiratory muscle strength tests. From the results we found that weight loss induced by bariatric surgery provides an improvement in ventilatory mechanics, increased lung volumes and respiratory endurance (MVV). However, there was also a reduction in respiratory muscle strength, probably caused by loss of lean body mass and reducing the burden breathing after weight loss.
Projeto de superestruturas de pontes de concreto protendido aplicando a técnica de balanços progressivos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-16)
Lima, Vanessa dos Santos
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Carvalho, Roberto Chust
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3633394168236221
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5099583275596724
This dissertation deals with main considerations on design of bridge superstructures, applying the cantilever balanced technique, bringing a procedure to be followed during pre-dimensioning this type of bridge. Presents the literature review used as the basis to dissertation, with the theories already studied on the subject. Based on these studies is drawn up the roadmap, involving the step of choosing the geometry, defining the structural scheme, the calculation of structural strain, calculating the losses of prestress, predimensioning of the prestressing steel considering the ultimate limit state and the service limit state, evaluation of the moment of closure and some important items for the detail section with steel. A numerical example is solved to illustrate the use of the concepts presented throughout the dissertation. Ends with considerations on the results obtained in the example and work and presents suggestions for future work.
Caracterização de quatro espécies de quebra-pedra utilizando cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência hifenada a espectrometria de massa em múltiplos estágios
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-18)
Sprenger, Ricardo da Fontoura
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Cass, Quezia Bezerra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9197210255594409
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0974948816384258
This work presents the results of the use of High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry in the chemical differentiation/characterization of aqueous extracts of plant samples of the genus Phyllanthus, commonly named as "stone braker". The species studied were P. amarus, P. stipulatus, P. niruri and P. tenellus. For medical purposes, the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia recognizes only P. niruri and P. tenellus. Samples of the plants used were grown and collected on the campus of Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar). The goal of the work here reported was to compare the four species through the characterization of secondary metabolites. Structural characterization of secondary metabolites was achieved by interpretation of fragmentation data obtained in the online experiments of MS/MS and MS3using ion trap mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionization source in positive and negative mode of ionization. Several chemical compounds were elucidated; some of them presents in all four species while others were found in a single species, this work presents and discusses the results. Furthermore two compounds from the species of P. stipulatus were isolated by semi-preparative liquid chromatography. These two isolated compounds were fully characterized by mass spectrometry and NMR, as corilagin and quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside, an unusual flavonol in natural products
Ditadura militar, esquerda armada e memória social no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-18)
Angelo, Vitor Amorim de
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Villa, Marco Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4045059477271704
The thesis discusses the relationship between the Brazilian s military dictatorship and the armed left in the years 1960-70 and its effects on the social memory about that period. The preparation of the 1964 coup and the structuring of the military regime are often attributed to the National Security Doctrine (DSN), which would have be the rational basis of the action and the thought of the Brazilian military. From this point of view, build an efficient information-repressive apparatus would result by the DSN s guidelines. However, as the thesis demonstrates, the armed left never represented a real threat to the dictatorship. Using precisely the guerrillas as a justification for the intensification of the regime, part of the Armed Forces tried to impose on other military trends. Later, when the social memory about the military period began to be built, the armed left appeared as responsible for the end of the dictatorship, when we know that the regime was the one who gained strength in the combating of guerrillas. The establishment, consolidation and reproduction of this and other myths about the old left armed occurred during the amnesty mobilization, in the late of the 1970 s, and the Diretas Já!, in the next decade, when the former guerrillas have been in contact with several sectors society that opposed the dictatorship and fought for the return of democracy.
Determinação simultânea de íons metálicos por meio de técnicas eletroanalíticas e quimiométricas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-19)
Farias, Marco Antonio dos Santos
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Souza, Ernesto Chaves Pereira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1505400360366643
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2589951282251863
In this work, the determination of three metallic ions was performed, namely Zn2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+, in very different concentration range, from _g/L until mg/L, using differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry over Carbon Fiber electrode where a Mercury film was deposited. Initially a factorial design of 23 was built where all possible combination among the ion concentrations were contemplated and in this way all interactions among the metallic ions were measured. The voltammetric curve was mean centered before the chemometric analysis. After that, the data were analysed using Partial Least Squares in the Principal Components domain was the used to quantify the ion concentration. The data treatment has been validated using cross and external validation methods. The final results showed low precision in the validation compared to those methods commonly used in the literature. After the chemometric treatment realized at first group of samples, two more groups in an extended concentration range, were built and tested using the same methodology. In these cases, again, the data validation lead to a low precision for practical application. It is important to emphasize that the low precision in the validation does not mean a chemotric approach to analyse electroanalytical data is not adequate, instead it means that among those chemometric technique, in the dissertation, we chose an inadequate one.
Geometria e simetrias do emaranhamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-20)
Braga, Helena Carolina
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Mizrahi, Salomon Sylvain
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8143137168199991
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0645038758843485
In the present work we present a geometric method to identify and measure the degree of entanglement of a two-qubit state. It is based on writing a map of the system state, from a non-unitary transformation. By introducing new parameters for such 4X4 matrix, the product of eigenvalues, two by two, acquire the form of squared 4D distances, having a Minkowski metric. If the squared distance is of the kind timelike, i.e.non-negative, the two-qubit system is separable. Otherwise, if it is spacelike, namely, the squared distance is negative, the two qubits are entangled. Besides being invariant by unitary transformations on the system state, the distances can be represented in a hyperbolic parameterized phase space, allowing a suitable graphic representation, i. e., in a phase space where the system trajectories can be drawn. The method is extended to a large class of 4x4 positive matrices having at most seven independent parameters, the D-7 manifold class. Using group theory methods we classify these states according to the symmetries of seven generators, where one of them commutes with the others. We illustrate the method and the theory by presenting several two-qubit systems found in the literature. We also study the symmetry breaking and the criticality in two-qubit Heisenberg Models, looking for signatures of quantum phase transitions in terms of the squared distances as well as in its derivatives.
Processo de adaptação de trabalhadores com deficiência intelectual em trabalho competitivo com suporte natural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-23)
Sartori, Juliana Ribas
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Almeida, Maria Amélia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1599718893031259
The social inclusion of people with intellectual disability becomes reality as they start occupying public spaces and do activities common to all people. In this sense, working is an important factor of social inclusion. Several legal mechanisms have been developed to help the access and permanence of people with disability into work force, such as the Quota Law and the determination of support to facilitate their adaptation. However problems related to education, prejudice and difficulty in having the necessary adjustments have been shown to be major obstacles when it comes to the fulfillment of the right of people with disability to be accepted into a job. The objective of this study was to analyze the process of adaptation of people with intellectual disability in situations of competitive labor through the use of natural support. Therefore two young people with intellectual disability were placed in competitive employment in an agricultural company, working as production assistants. Each of these young people received support from a coworker, who participated in one training to teach people with intellectual disability. Evaluations were performed before and after the training, aiming to identify changes in the work performance of colleagues in relation to teaching tasks and the impact of these changes in work performance of employees with intellectual disability. It was observed that the instructions provided by coworkers were sufficient for the employees with intellectual disability to adequately perform their work. They quickly learned and did activities with quality and skill, and showed other behaviors consistent with the work situation, such as punctuality, persistence and commitment to the activities. However, there were some behaviors that brought difficulty to their adaptation, such as social skills deficits. Some characteristics of company functioning, such as the requirement of productivity and lack of flexibility of time to adjust to the working conditions, as well as prejudice against people with intellectual disability were identified as hindering aspects of the inclusion of persons with disability in the workplace. The data obtained in this study pointed to the potential participation of colleagues in the adaptation of people with intellectual disability to work, and conducting training to make these colleagues able to play the role of coaches. It was concluded that for the inclusion of people with intellectual disability in a work situation be possible, it is necessary a larger change, involving employers, employees without disability, and persons with disability.
Crescimento, hematologia e metabolismo de pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) submetido ao exercício aeróbico e alimentado com níveis crescentes de proteínas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-24)
Nunes, Cleujosí da Silva
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Moraes, Gilberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4427903557163246
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9835844193090407
The composition of the diet, the metabolic adaptations and variations in the activity of the fish are the main factors responsible for seasonal changes in physiological variables. It is known that aerobic exercise can improve the fish growth due to: the enhancement of feed conversion, reduced dominance, increased protein synthesis and lipid and glucose catabolism. The diet must satisfy the nutritional requirements of each species. Knowledge of the appropriate protein level is critical because maximizes feed conversion efficiency, lowers costs and reduces the load of nutrients released to the aquatic ecosystem. In Brazil, the pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus, is an important fish in aquaculture, especially for hardiness, fast growth, excellent meat quality. This species may respond to exercise with lower levels of protein catabolism and for directing them to growth. Thus, a balanced diet and a well established aerobic exercise protocol could promote better growth for pacu. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the combination of different levels of crude protein in the diet and sustained exercise in pacu through growth performance, hepatosomatic and viscerosomatic indexes, metabolic and hematological parameters. The experiment followed a completely randomized 2 x 3 factorial arrangement, consisting of two swimming activities (exercised-E, non-exercising) and three levels of dietary protein percentage (24, 28 and 32). The pacu exercised and fed 24 % crude protein (CP) showed better growth. The hematologic variables were responsive to nutritional status and exercise. When comparing the exercised groups all together, it was observed that the high levels of CP in the diet increased protein catabolism and lipogenesis in the liver and white muscle and lipid catabolism in red muscle. High levels of CP in the diet of non-exercised pacu increased protein catabolism in white muscle and lipogenesis in the liver. Sustained swimming activity increased the use of liver glycogen at all levels of protein studied, and protein anabolism and lipogenesis in pacu fed higher-protein diet. Based on the responses obtained in this study we can infer that for exercised pacu, the appropriate level of protein in the diet is 24 % of crude protein and levels above that promote the use of protein as an energy source.