Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2011-05-26"

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Modernidade e iluminismo na ciência crítica de Max Weber
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-26)
Campos, Daniel Vasconcelos
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Maar, Wolfgang Leo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8746615407370574
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2585249817969838
Modificação por nitretação a plasma das superfícies dos aços AISI-4140, AISI-420C e DIN16MnCr5
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-26)
Zambon, Marcel Fabiano
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Nascente, Pedro Augusto de Paula
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1387043320265189
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6619889420170234
Plasma nitriding is a surface modification technique used for improving hardness, wear resistance, and fatigue. In this work, samples of AISI-4140, DIN16MnCr, and AISI-420C steels were heat treated, forming martensitic structures, and then were submitted to plasma nitriding for 5 hours at 400, 450, and 500oC, under a hydrogen and nitrogen gas mixture having a pressure of 5 mbar. The samples were characterized by hardness tests, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. There has been an increase in surface hardness as expected from the literature. The rise of nitriding temperature produced an increase in the surface layers thickness. The results obtained show a compact layer composed of Fe4N nitrides and CrN nitrides, identified by X-ray diffraction, characterizing the hardness. With these nitriding temperatures, there was a decrease in hardness caused by the annealing.
Avaliação de respostas metabólicas e de imunidade inata em pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus, Holmberg, 1887) alimentados com dietas suplementadas com vitamina E e submetidos à variação de temperatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-26)
Barbosa, Lívia Maria Gruli
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Moraes, Gilberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4427903557163246
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9982600216105612
Demands for seafood are growing in the whole world and the fish farming industries are in frank development over the last decade. However, stressful conditions, which favor higher incidence of diseases and impair growth in fishes, are usually found in fish farming. Therefore, several studies are focused in the improvement of management to reduce stress and keep the animals healthy, reducing losses in farm production. The use of immunostimulants in the diets, such as vitamin E, has been suggested as an alternative to improve fish resistance to diseases under stressful conditions. Pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus, is one of the main species from the Brazilian aquatic fauna and is of great importance in fish farming. Hence, the objective of this study was to evaluate the metabolic responses and innate immunity of pacu fed with vitamin E supplemented diets and challenged to temperature variation. The experiment was conducted as a totally randomized design in a factorial scheme 3x3x2, with three levels of dietary vitamin E (0, 100 and 300 mg/kg), three sampling spans (0, 24 and 72h) and two temperature conditions (controlled and variable), with four replicates (tanks) per treatment. The main responses observed to cope with stress were 1) elevation of plasma cortisol in the animals subjected to temperature variation, independent of the concentration of vitamin E in the diet, 2) hyperglycemia only in the animals subjected to temperature variations and fed with not supplemented diets and 3) hyperlactemia in the fish subjected to temperature variation and fed with not supplemented and supplemented diets with 300 mg of vitamin E. Animals fed with diets supplemented with 100 mg of vitamin E and subjected to temperature variation depicted the highest percentage of granular leukocytes, the highest concentration of serum lysozyme and the highest activity of alternative complement pathway. There upon, supplementation with 100 mg of vitamin E seems to be the best one for this species under the studied conditions.
Número mínimo de indivíduos e diversidade genética de Onça-parda (Puma concolor) no Núcleo Santa Virgínia, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-27)
Martins, Niara
;
Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8227849982052024
ABSTRACT The cougar (Puma concolor) is the second largest feline species in Brazil. It has a wide distribution across the Americas, occurring from southwestern Canada to the Strait of Magellan, in the extreme south of Argentina and Chile, throughout the Brazilian territory. In this study we estimated the minimum number of individuals and genetic diversity of cougars in the Santa Virginia Unit, Serra do Mar State Park (PESM), São Paulo, based on fecal DNA analysis. Hair snares were also used to an attempt to obtain more samples. For the diagnosis of the species, we amplified a 146bp fragment of the cytochrome b gene of mitochondrial DNA. We used six microsatellite loci for the fecal samples individualization, to estimate the minimum number of individuals and genetic characterization of the population. No hair sample was obtained during the study. Among the 40 fecal samples obtained, 34 were successfully diagnosed, and we found 25 samples of P. concolor, eight of Leopardus tigrinus and one of Leopardus pardalis. The multiloci genotypes were obtained for only 15 samples belonging to 12 different puma individuals. The allelic dropout average rate was 10.43%. The mean observed heterozygosity was 0.6202, lower than that found for the species in fragmented areas of Cerrado, in the northeastern São Paulo. There were deviations in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) for one locus and a deficit of heterozygous for the set loci used. However, there was no evidence of recent population bottleneck. Therefore, the deviation in HWE could be caused by the presence of null alleles or the low number of samples. Little relationship was found between individuals (6.1% Half-Sibs), indicating a possible continuous stream of cougars in the region. Thus, the PESM deserves special attention for being the largest continuous remnant of Brazilian Atlantic Forest and, therefore, similar studies are needed in the others Units of this Park so that together they can provide a more comprehensive view of the P. concolor situation in this biome.
O problema de Cauchy para a equação da onda cúbica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-27)
Farias, Marcos Alves de
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Santos Filho, José Ruidival Soares dos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6112529384454347
In this work, we study the result of global well-Posedness for the cubic wave equation @2 t u��_u+u3 = 0 in R_R3, where the Cauchy data is in the Sobolev space Hs(R3)_ Hs��1(R3) with 13 18 < s < 1. The proof is based on the work of T. Roy, [23], in this paper Roy propose a almost conservation law for the energy and from this he get a inequality that together with the local well-posedness theory proved by Lindbald and Sogge in [18] guarantee the global well-posedness for the problem.
Espécies de Eiphosoma Cresson, 1865 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cremastinae) em áreas de mata e cerrado da bacia hidrográfica do rio Mogi-Guaçu
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-27)
Melo, Ivy Frizo de
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Dias, Angélica Maria Penteado Martins
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8637344058859147
This work is a study of Eiphosoma s species. The sampling was done in areas of seasonal semidecidual forest and savanna in Mogi-Guaçu River Basin, aiming to increase knowledge about the taxonomy, geographical distribution, population structure, and the influence of seasonality in the occurrence of the species of this genre. Malaise traps were installed in ten fragments along the entire basin. We studied 217 specimens of Eiphosoma distributed in 25 species, among them we found five new records for Brazil - E. strontorium Gauld, 2000; E. kelpanum Gauld, 2000; E. macrum (Enderlein, 1921), E. henorum Gauld, 2000; E. cerfen Gauld, 2000, and also 11 possible new species. The most abundant species was E. macrum with 52% of total individuals, followed by E. laphygmae (13.8%) and Eiphosoma sp. n. 2 (14.2%) which have strong dominance in the places they occurred. In Minas Gerais the two most abundant and richest areas were Jacutinga with 31.8%, and Andradas with 30,6 % of total individuals, richness index was similar at both points, which showed 55.5% of all species (S=5).The municipality of Jacutinga also had the highest diversity index (H =1.21), but the highest equitability index was observed in Damázio district of Bom Repouso (J =0.91). In São Paulo, the fragment with highest abundance was the riparian area in the city of Luiz Antônio (E.E. Jataí) with 40.3% of total individuals. The highest richness index was observed in the fragment of Pontal with 65% of species collected throughout the state (S=13).The areas with highest diversity indexes were the legal reserve area of Usina Bela Vista in Pontal (H =1.73) and a fragment of cerrado on the Luiz Antônio (E.E. Jataí) (H =1.83), which also demonstrated the highest equitability index (J =0.88). We verified no significant correlation between total abundance and seasonality (Fr= 10,3 ; p = 0.32). Amongst main results we point out the description of eleven new species, an increase of information about the distribution of genus with the record of five species in Brazil and the better knowledge of patterns of species richness, diversity and equitability.
Recuperação de modelos de classes orientados a aspectos a partir de sistemas orientados a objetos usando refatorações de modelos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-27)
Parreira Júnior, Paulo Afonso
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Penteado, Rosângela Aparecida Dellosso
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4061946080136286
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4567261968633725
Aspect-Oriented Programming allows encapsulating the so-called "Crosscutting Concerns (CCC) - software requirements whose implementation is tangled and scattered throughout the functional modules - into new abstractions, such as Aspects, Pointcuts, Advices and Inter-type Declarations. The reengineering of an OO software to an AO is not an easy task due to the existence of different abstractions in these technologies. We develop a set of nine refactorings of annotated OO class models to AO class models. In the context of this work, "annotated class models" are UML class diagrams whose elements (classes, interfaces, attributes and methods) are annotated with stereotypes representing the existing CCC in the application source code. The set of refactorings developed is divided into: i) generic refactorings; and ii) specific refactorings. Three generic refactorings and six specific refactorings to the persistence (which is divided into management and connections, transaction and synchronization) and logging concerns and to the Singleton and Observer design patterns were created. The generic refactorings are responsible for transforming an annotated OO model with indications of CCC into a partial AO model. This model is called partial because it is usually not fully modularized, i.e., there are remaining software elements stereotyped with indications of particular concerns. These refactorings are applicable to any kind of CCC; this is possible, because what is taken into consideration is the scenario in which these concerns appear in the class model. The specific refactorings are responsible for transforming partial AO models into final ones, whose CCC have been fully modularized in aspects. For that, each refactoring has a set of specific steps for modularization of a particular kind of concern. An Eclipse plug-in, called MoBRe was developed to assist the software engineer in the tasks of refactoring application. As a major contribution, the refactorings proposed in this paper allow obtaining well designed AO models. This is so because: i) they provide a step-by-step guide to the modularization of certain CCC and can avoid that software engineers choose inappropriate strategies for modularization of these CCC; and ii) they were prepared based on good design practices recommended by the scientific community. Thus, besides, the models the use of refactorings can lead to generation of better-quality code, for example, free of bad smells. A case study was conducted to assess the applicability of the proposed refactorings in order to compare an AO model generated by them with an AO model obtained from the literature.
Avaliação do status taxonômico e análise populacional de Clyomys bishopi, um roedor endêmico dos Cerrados do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-27)
Arantes, Ana Carolina Ramos
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Rodrigues, Fernando Pacheco
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1351286774058975
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0108120233415752
Cerrado is one of the brazilian biomes with the highest concentration of species and endemism, and is considered a hotspot of global biodiversity. Only 20% of its original area remains intact in the country and has been permanently transformed by human actions, which makes this biome a priority area for conservation. Due to the great loss of habitat and biodiversity, it is necessary to increase knowledge of basic characteristics of the existing species. Conservation genetics makes use of the genetic variation to infer the taxonomic status and life history of a species, making possible the study of characteristics such as the pattern of social structure and dispersion. Thus, basic data from species to which we have difficult assess can be accessed and better conservation strategies can be adopted. Mitochondrial and nuclear markers are important tools for studies of genetic and social structure in animals. In this study we assessed the taxonomic status of Clyomys bishopi, a colonial and semi-fossorial rodent inhabiting the Cerrado of São Paulo, and also the social and spatial genetic structure of individuals collected in the Estação Ecológica de Itirapina- SP. To evaluate C. bishopi taxonomic status we analyzed the cytochrome b gene of 21 individuals belonging to the genus and from various localities of its distribution. Phylogenetic methods based on Bayesian Inference, Maximum Parsimony and Neighbor-Joining showed high values of branch support separating individuals from São Paulo with respect to the rest of the samples, and genetic distance of about 4% between these groups, suggesting a significant genetic separation between them. For population analysis, ten microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized within C. bishopi. Through the analysis of 40 individuals sampled at three areas within EE de Itirapina, we verified high levels of genetic diversity (NA = 10, average HO = 0,76 and averaged HE = 0,90). Nine microsatellite loci and the control region of the mitochondrial DNA were used to assess the spatial and social genetic structure of the EE de Itirapina population. The Bayesian clustering analysis indicated no genetic structure, suggesting the occurrence of gene flow between sampled areas. Relatedness analyses indicated, in general, low relatedness indices between analyzed individuals (0.05), with slightly larger values when only individuals in a small geographic scale are considered. The average relatedness by sex indicated no significant differences, suggesting similar dispersion between males and females. Results suggest that colonies of Clyomys bishopi are composed largely by unrelated individuals, and present genetic structure compatible to that showed by species with solitary habits.
Anotação genômica e caracterização de locos microssatélites em sequências expressas do genoma do camarão marinho Litopenaeus vannamei
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-27)
Santos, Camilla Alves
;
Freitas, Patrícia Domingues de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6905869491807202
Litopenaeus vannamei is known as Pacific white shrimp and is the main species marketed worldwide. Its geographical distribution includes the Pacific coast, ranging from Mexico to Peru. Due to its outstanding economic importance, this species has been farmed and showing great adapting levels to captivity, having been introduced in several countries, including Brazil. However, despite all the concern to properly manage the farming populations, many countries have not had a renewal of their breeding herds because of the risk of introduction of exogenous pathogens, which has increased the degree of inbreeding of these stocks and decreased levels of genetic diversity. To monitor this loss, microsatellite markers or SSRs (Simple Sequence Repeats), from genome arbitrary and expressed regions have been used. In the specific case of SSRs present in expressed regions of the genome (ESTs, Expressed Sequence Tags) or SSRs-ESTs, they allow the access to the genetic variability of populations, and the ESTs markers devoid of SSRs may be related to genes of interest, subsidizing the development of breeding programs based on Marker Assisted Selection (MAS). Moreover, EST-SSRs loci may show an excellent rate of transferability in taxonomically related species, since they are in more conserved regions of the genome. Within this context, this study aimed (i) the validation population of EST-SSR loci isolated through dataming from L. vannamei ESTs database (www.shrimp.ufscar.br), (ii) the genomic annotation of ESTs and EST-SSRs markers (iii) the determination of EC numbers (Enzyme Codes), aiming respectively, (i) the characterization of polymorphic markers (ii) the description of genes and their protein products and (iii) the establishment of information to describe the possible pathways for the penaeid group. Therefore, we tested 32 EST-SSRs loci in PCR reactions. After establishing the best pattern of reaction and subsequent loci genotyping, nine SSRs-ESTs were polymorphic, with allele number ranging from two to 20, levels of observed heterozygosity from 0.32 to 0.86 and average PIC (Polymorphism Information Content) of 0.78. No pair of loci presented in linkage disequilibrium. However, after Bonferroni correction, we found that one of these showed a significant deficit of heterozygotes. The nine polymorphic loci from L.vannamei showed satisfactory amplification in at least one of the seven native species tested: the marine ones Xiphopenaeus kroyeri, Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis, Farfantepenaeus paulensis, Rimapenaeus constrictus and Litopenaeus schmitti and the freshwater ones Macrobrachium amazonicum and Macrobrachium jeskii, being useful also for genetic studies of these species. The genome annotation performed by access in ShEST website (Litopenaeus vannamei EST Genome Project) showed that only three of nine loci 4 have the gene and its protein product described. The other loci showed no matches with any other genomic database available for research. In this work, gene product could be elucidated for 99% of ESTs, being possible to establish 209 EC numbers, highlighting enzymes responsible for xenobiotics metabolism, immunity, energy production, reproduction, oxidative stress, among others. These codes were used for construction of some metabolic pathways present in the penaeid group, contributing for building a wide database of the genome of this important animal group. These data may be applied in genetic improvement programs as well as gene expression studies, such as realtime PCR and microarrays.
Mínimos locais de funcionais com dependência especial via Γ-convergência: com e sem vínculo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-30)
Biesdorf, João
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Nascimento, Arnaldo Simal do
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6609243657130387
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9789976538941920
We address the question of existence of stationary stable solutions to a class of reaction-diffusion equations with spatial dependence in 2 and 3-dimensional bounded domains. The approach consists of proving the existence of local minimizer of the corresponding energy functional. For existence, it was enough to give sufficient conditions on the diffusion coefficient and on the reaction term to ensure the existence of isolated minima of the Γ-limit functional of the energy functional family. In the second part we take the techniques developed in the first part to minimize functional in 2 and 3-dimensional rectangles, with and without constraint, solving in a more general form this problem, which was originaly proposed in 1989 by Robert Kohn and Peter Sternberg.
Uma abordagem apoiada por linguagens especificas de domínio para criação de linhas de produtos de software embarcado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-30)
Durelli, Rafael Serapilha
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Penteado, Rosângela Aparecida Dellosso
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4061946080136286
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0805947997778420
Embedded systems have been used in a myriad of devices that are present in our daily lives, thereby the market for such sort of system has increased significantly over the last few years. These systems were once associated with low-level code, however, this is an outdated view of embedded systems technology. Although the current embedded systems are mostly composed of software, no systematic reuse technique is used in throughout their development. Thus, since previous successful experiences are not reused, forcing the developer to create some of the involved elements from the scratch, there is a considerable delay in the production of these systems. Due to the ever increasing complexity of embedded systems it is necessary to apply reuse techniques in order to lessen the effort needed to develop such systems. Within this context, software product lines (SPL) are reuse techniques that allow the creation of several systems belonging to a certain domain. SPL can be used to generate products of a specific domain that share common features but are each different in a specific way. Model-driven development is another reuse technique whose main objective is to reduce the semantic distance between the domain problem and its solution/implementation; thus, the developer does not need to direct interact with the solution source code, being able to focus on models and transforming those models in source code or yet other models. Based on these techniques, a process for the development of SPL in the domain of mobile robots was developed. In order to properly use the proposed process, a SPL called LegoMobileRobots Software Product Line (LMRSPL) was devised. Moreover, a domain specific language (DSL) was also developed. This DSL, called F2MoC, assists the application engineer in instantiating LMRSPL members.
Model Driven RichUbi - processo dirigido a modelos para a construção de interfaces ricas de aplicações ubíquas sensíveis ao contexto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-30)
Cirilo, Carlos Eduardo
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Prado, Antonio Francisco do
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2668568143800755
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0327273828015356
Web 2.0 allowed users more interactivity with Web applications. The so-called Rich Internet Applications (RIAs) have transposed the boundaries of simple interfaces built only in Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). Through the adoption of technologies that enable the creation of more advanced interfaces, RIAs resemble the appearance and behavior of desktop applications. On the other hand, the demand for software in Ubiquitous Computing, in which access to applications occurs anywhere, at any time and from different devices, has raised new challenges for Software Engineering. One of these challenges is related to the adaptation of the contents of an application to the numerous devices that can access it in distinct contexts. Given the diversity of devices, access networks, environments and possible contexts, providing applications that meet the peculiarities of each access device, while keeping a consistent appearance and behavior in view of the changes occurring in the surrounding environment, has become a difficult task for software engineers. In applications that use rich interfaces in Web 2.0 for improving the interactivity, this task becomes even more complex due to the need of preserving the interaction aspects that afford users a richer experience with the application. This task can be facilitated using a software process that guides developers in building a ubiquitous application, considering the different contexts involved in its execution. Faced with these challenges, this work proposes a software process, named Model Driven RichUbi, aiming at supporting the development of rich interfaces for ubiquitous applications that adapt themselves when viewed on different types of devices. Based on the Model Driven Development and Domain-Specific Modeling conceptions, in the process are defined activities and artifacts that help in modeling and partial code generation of rich interfaces for different platforms. Besides, dynamic content adapters that refine the produced interface versions are also employed in the process, so that the developed interfaces can adapt to the peculiarities of the access device identified from the interaction context at runtime. The computational support focused on the Rich Interfaces Domain employed in the process is advantageous since it can be reused to simplify the development of adaptive rich interfaces for ubiquitous applications of several fields, which contributes to effort reduction and productivity increasing.
Fatores de influência na decisão de compra de bovinos em frigoríficos: proposta de um sistema de informação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-30)
Menezes, Shirley Martins
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Alcântara, Rosane Lúcia Chicarelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5597241402348055
The share in the agribusiness GDP (gross domestic product) and in the Brazilian GDP, the conquest of demanding markets and the expressive growth of slaughterhouses are some of the indicators of the importance and of good results of the cattle market in Brazil. However, there are many challenges which require adequacies in the slaughterhouse industry to operate in different scenarios and to meet a demand that is more and more rigorous. The few theoretical references of the decision making in supplies in slaughterhouses point to a difference between the increase in purchasing complexity and the level of the structure of information flow which sustains decisions in this area. This fact leads managing tools to be low explored and jeopardizes the development of adequate tools, increasing the effort to meet the demand and limiting the share in markets considered more profitable. The hypothesis of this study is that slaughterhouses are using different purchasing processes due to sales; however, without the support of a structured information flow to help in this decision. The objective is to detect how the animal purchasing process is influenced by the different characteristics of the different sale channels, in a way to draw the structure of an information flow which allows to adequate better purchasing choices to sales needs. The type of the research question, the coverage of the control over events and the need of a contemporary focus led to the application of the multiple case study. The necessary information to the decision making in supplies and the influence of decisions from other areas to decisions and purchasing activities were analyzed. The relation between purchases and sales processes were highlighted. This study also involved an analysis of the existence of a gap between the theory of decision of organizational purchases and the reality of the sector and the study about flow information in supply area. Among results, the list of the main factors which influence in the decision making in purchasing, processing and sales areas and the classification of Distribution Channels, considering its levels of exacting, are highlighted. Conclusions involve the confirmation of the gap between the purchase managing theory and the reality of the studied cases, as well as the purpose of structuring the System to the decision making in purchasing. Moreover, conclusions promote reflections regarding the level of influence of the information, processes and sales decisions in the purchasing area.
Morfometria geométrica de populações subterrâneas e epígeas dos caranguejos de água doce do gênero Aegla Leach 1820, (Crustacea: Anomura: Aeglidae) no Vale do Ribeira, Iporanga, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-30)
Fernandes, Camile Sorbo
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Bichuette, Maria Elina
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8453043393798516
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1479234559878695
This study was developed with Aegla species from Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (PETAR) and Parque Estadual Intervales (PEI) areas. The facultative cavernicoles Aegla schmitti and A. marginata are distributed in these areas, as well as the only exclusively subterranean Aeglidae species reported, A. leptochela, A. microphthalma and A. cavernicola. With the purpose of elucidating the influence of the restrictive environmental conditions of the subterranean domain in the troglophiles and, also, the role of extrinsic barriers in distribution and speciation patterns of these crustaceans, we visited epigean and hipogean stream reaches between March 2009 and August 2010. In addition, loans of specimens from the Museu de Zoologia from Universidade de São Paulo (MZUSP) and Laboratório de Estudos de Eglídeos from Universidade de São Paulo (LEEUSP) scientific collections were used. Individuals identified as A. schmitti were analyzed using morphometric geometrics in order to evaluate if this species, rarely registered in caves, establish viable populations in the subterranean environment and, moreover, if shape variations related to adaptations to life in caves were present. The results showed that Santana Cave and Betari River individuals correspond to two distinct morphotypes. These ones are evidences that the species colonize successfully the subterranean environment and, possibly, results from environmentally induced phenotypes or ecotypes selection associated to subterranean environment. Furthermore, it could suggest that the colonization of caves occurs by means of epigean migration, following a metapopulation dynamics with, consequently, transitory subpopulations in some places. The distribution pattern of the species in the studied area allows the conclusion that it depends not only on the absence or presence of extrinsic barriers but, also, on their behaviour and mobility. The absence of individuals in caves previously recorded in the literature could suggest populational decline of Aegla species in the study area. Hence, further ecological studies are needed aiming an effective environmental management and, mainly, the parks inspection.
A análise das estratégias de desenvolvimento acadêmico da UFSCar e suas implicações para a distribuição de recursos do MEC: indicadores de gestão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-31)
Silva, Antonio Carlos Lopes da
;
Quoniam, Luc
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4754764003480925
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9533895390628271
The fast growth experienced by UFSCar in recent years, in the spheres of education, research and extension was accompanied by a growth in its physical structure, with the creation of two new campuses. The immediate consequence was the increase in spending this new funding structure, which was not accompanied by corresponding increase in transfers of government funds, which has the matrix distribution of budget resources of the Ministry of Education, composed of academic and research indicators for each institution, a major source of federal funding of institutions of higher education. This dissertation, first, to present a review of the forms of financing higher education in Brazil, and particularly at UFSCar, and analyze and understand the many variables that make up the matrix distribution of budget resources of the MEC, based on the indicator Equivalent Student. For this second goal we applied the multivariate regression analysis on data matrix in order to subsidize an institutional policy to improve the current rate which determines the allocation of resources to UFSCar. As a result, the first objective, it was possible to confirm the difficulty of financing the maintenance of federal institutions of higher education, in this way, are dependent on the ability of its managers to seek extra resources for the development of education, research and extension. Regarding the results of the multivariate analysis, we identified that the main variables of the matrix are the number of graduates and the number of new students, showing that the model focuses on productivity without regard to quality. A model consisting of quantitative and qualitative variables would be more in line with the characteristics of the Brazilian federal universities, namely the pursuit of excellence.
"Feita só por mãe!". Sentidos de maternidade e família entre mulheres prostitutas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-31)
Sganzella, Natália Cristina Marciola
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Lanna, Marcos Pazzanese Duarte
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8355559441138016
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5090609705707061
This paper is an anthropological analysis of the love and family relationships of women involved in prostitution in Marília, besides other characters who are directly or indirectly linked to such practice. The objective of the research is to investigate these women s realm of relationships which include their family, love partner, and career. The methodological framework is ethnography through which contacts and exchanges have taken place with prostitutes in the city, and these elements are going to be presented in this dissertation. The paper shows two parts very distinctively marked both spatially and chronologically. The first part of the ethnography maps the relationships between the prostitution of women and the periods of the day. On the one hand, daytime on Nove de Julho Street mainly holds the prostitution of women in bars and hotels. They have more experience on the streets and in the occupation, and they form a more cohesive and less hierarchical group, which causes the relationships established at work to become family relationships. On the other hand, nighttime encompasses other types of prostitution, such as transvestites, making spatial and power relationships more limited and the area more competitive. There is a prestige hierarchy among the prostitution points according to the flow of the street, the prices charged, and the female attributes negotiated. The second part of the ethnography focuses on the family relationships that are developed in the points and homes of four of my interlocutors; motherhood and godmotherhood are strong factors in the structure of such families.
"Mas professora, isso é arte?": uma abordagem antropológica da arte na sala de aula
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-31)
Tragante, Christiane Aparecida
;
Cohn, Clarice
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1714080901123094
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8777271179365141
This dissertation is an anthropological study about the relations constructed by children of art and its objects in Art-Education classes. Following concerns built from my experience as a teacher, I have conducted an ethnographical research that pointed out to differences in the definition, classification and contemplation of art objects between students and teachers at Art-Education classes. From an ethnography carried out at two 5th grades of elementary education at public schools in Sao Carlos-SP, it was possible to notice on processes of construction of knowledge that children, besides teachers, as well as art objects and other field agents, are active subjects in those learning relationship. Their drawings contributed to highlight that relationships constructed in the teaching-learning process affect the ways of knowing, appreciating and making art. They also showed that children act in a particular way toward art objects. Finally, ethnography led to reflections about art-education for children, as well as about our own art system.
e-Rural: ambiente web para geração de conteúdos considerando a cultura e o nível de letramento do aprendiz
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-31)
Magalhães, Vanessa Maia Aguiar de
;
Silva, Junia Coutinho Anacleto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6200743168568684
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0629001943214577
This paper describes the process of developing and prototyping environment high-fidelity to develop culturally contextualized hyperdocuments web, adapted and made available according to the level of literacy of the learner, so it has access to and can understand the information and technological knowledge allowing your individual improvement and professional in the area it serves. This work focuses on health education, adopting the promotion of inclusive learning and continuous approaches using IHC, considering the literacy levels of learners, providing simplified lexical and syntactic processing and analogies based on common sense knowledge as an expression of the cultural context of the learner. The generation of hyperdocuments intended primarily for users involved in the Brazilian production of milk having difficulties in reading and access to technical information, presenting different levels of literacy and cultural profiles. To provide this inclusive and culturally diverse environment, firstly, there is a need for hyperdocuments are produced through translation of vocabularies and the identification of meanings, adapting them to the cognitive and linguistic needs of users, to assist them in understanding the training content and meaning. It is noteworthy that these hyperdocuments be adapted and made available according to the level of literacy of users, helping them to overcome cultural barriers, social, emotional, perceptual, and cognitive technology that impede their access to knowledge. For this it is necessary that these contents are to be made available providing text equivalents that replace or supplement the textual contents of the hypermedia, whether through images, videos, narration, text, or audio. In order to observe the process of development of computing and its functional prototype, collecting the views of the target audience and partners, were conducted feasibility studies and experiments with specialist area of computing and agribusiness research, reported in this paper, to verify the feasibility and applicability of the proposal in a real scenario. As a result, it is hoped that researchers and agricultural technicians to create content in context for many producers with different levels of literacy, and they can get an understanding of digital technical knowledge available, and therefore incorporates the technologies offered to improve the quality and productivity milk and other foods in your day-to-day.
Chem-risk: avaliação e gerenciamento de risco químico em alimentos empregando técnicas de lógica nebulosa e ontologias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-05-31)
Magalhães Junior, Walter Coelho Pereira de
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Santos, Marilde Terezinha Prado
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9826026025118073
This research presents the Chem-Risk approach which is applied to chemical food safety domain, in order to circumvent a problem often encountered: data with little semantic or presenting low quality results that lead to results of low quality, unreliable and therefore inadequate to the reality of domain analyzed. In response to this purpose, the approach creates a Flexible Base Platform to properly pre-process the results of laboratory tests in agricultural food, allowing so many other variables, here considered as food risk factors, are observed in this analysis. Managed by the platform, the concepts of fuzzy logic and ontologies enable the incorporation of new risk factors, improve data quality and produce a superior technical expertise to that offered by traditional approaches used in the context of Brazilian public policies that aim to assess chemical risks and maximize the chemical safety of agricultural food. Due to the complexity and scope required for the ontology, a new approach to ontological engineering is presented. Data mining techniques used here play a key role, helping government officials and experts to extract higher risk levels of non-trivial knowledge, from the superior knowledge provided by the incorporation of fuzzy logic and ontology during the preprocessing step. The results obtained in mining step reveal a more faithfully semantic to the reality of food chemical safety, complement this reality and increase the level of expertise in favor of non-trivial decisions. By the other hand, if there were no proper preprocessing at the semantic level, the results, although apparently correct, would be concealing its false basis and, and thus presenting results completely wrong before the reality of chemical safety of agricultural food worldwide. We believe that what makes our real case study more remarkable is that it helps to improve the health of global population and, by extension, save our own lives.
Avaliação da qualidade ambiental nas nascentes do Rio Monjolinho na porção à montante da Estação de Captação de Água do Espraiado, São Carlos - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-06-01)
Souza, Amanda Baldochi
;
Rocha, Odete
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7577441794992601
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9616304340855121
The unplanned development of urban communities strongly contributes to degradation of water resources, jeopardazing the quality of the water and the integrity of aquatic environments. The objetive of the present study was to evaluate the environmental quality of the water sources of River Monjolinho, located upstream the Water Pumping Station of Espraiado. Samplings were carried out in springs and afluent streams to Monjolinho River during two opposite climatic seasons, the rainy and the dry periods between 2009 and 2010. Physical and chemical analyses of water and sediment, ecotoxicological tests with Ceriodaphnia silvestrii and Hyalella meinerti were performed for these two compartments. The benthic macroinvertebrates and diatom communities were analysed in order to evaluate the environmental quality of all these sites. These data were used in different approaches: diversity indices, the biotic index BMWP, multivariate analyses and the Environmental Quality Triad. The water from São Rafael Stream, and the sediments of Cascavel, Middle Monjolinho, Ponte de Tábua and São Rafael streams collected at different sites and sampling periods were toxic to the aquatic biota. The benthic macroinvertebrates community and diatoms analyses evidenced that there are strong differences in the environmental quality between springs and affluents from left margin and those from right margin of Monjolinho River as a result of riparian forest removal or due to the type of soil use: urbanization or agriculture. Restoration measures in the headwaters of São Rafael Stream started by the Municipal Prefecture of São Carlos did not result in better environment quality and rather evidenced a strong contamination. Besides this site, the springs of Belvedere and Ponte de Tábua streams are the river stretches where the strongest impacts swere verified, however, all springs and streams upstream the Espraiado Water Supply Pumping Station need special attention from local government due to the low quality of its waters, exception of the Espraiado Stream.