Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2011-06-21"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 19497

Benefícios obtidos na colaboração entre sistemas MES e sistemas de manufatura digital do PLM - Diagnóstico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-06-21)
Gama, Evandro Bertoni da
;
Costa, Miguel Antonio Bueno da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5987698530120524
A necessary condition for the economic efficiency of modern plants is the ability to adjust - as quickly and effectively as possible - the performance of manufacturing process for demand request decisions. In this sense, the research emphasized the importance of understanding the best practices in Information Technology (IT) and the trade scenario of solutions using shopfloor real data in virtual environments for simulation and many achieved benefits. The highlights of this research focused on exploring the collaboration (practice of skills for the achievement of mutually beneficial results) between the MES (Manufacturing Execution Systems) and the digital manufacturing systems (also called virtual manufacturing systems) of PLM (Product Lifecycle Management), in a scenario where the manufacturing processes require high flexibility, reliability and lower delivery times, extensive combination of variants and lower life-cycle of products. The research - in an exploratory and descriptive way, which identified the available knowledge on the subject more sharply between the years 2006 and 2010 - was grounded in the practices of world-renowned companies and institutions and considered opinions and evaluations of renowned researchers and professionals with expertise in initiatives to support the use of MES solutions data in systems of digital manufacturing of PLM to manufacturing processes planning. As a result of the studied scenarios and covered concepts, the research has consolidated a "diagram of information collaboration", with the aim of providing better decision choices within the framework of shop-floor project, processes planning and production management. The research also concluded that the MES systems may have their value extended if integrated within the characteristics of functionalities of the PLM concept. It also brought some recommendations and limitations on the portability of information, commented on the learned lessons and suggestions for future tasks that include the BPM (Business Process Management).
Depois de uma tragédia: família e emigração em Gonzaga, MG
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-06-21)
Almeida, Alexandra Cristina Gomes de
;
Machado, Igor José de Renó
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4705450652848752
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7613716021035323
This dissertation addresses issues of emigration flow in the city of Gonzaga (MG). The city was featured in the international media world in consequence of the death of a citizen in September 2005, Jean Charles de Menezes. The young man was killed in a London subway station (England) after the British police have mistaken for a suspected terrorist, the event resumed debate on the problematic conditions which thousands of immigrants are exposed. From the anthropological perspective, the survey reports the social dynamics of the city, focusing on the notions of family and local traditions. So this ethnography describes families in their organization and values, which influence emigration flow.
Estudo da variação do perfil químico de Citrus sinensis sobre Citrus limonia após a inoculação da bactéria Xylella fastidiosa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-06-22)
Soares, Márcio Santos
;
Silva, Maria Fátima das Graças Fernandes da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0457632122660653
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7277672046313544
The present work describes the study of variation in the chemical profile of citrus after inoculation of Xylella fastidiosa, in charge of the Citrus Variegated Chlorosis is one of the most serious diseases that cause damage in Brazilian citrus. The bacterium X. fastidiosa was inoculated in Citrus sinensis grafted on C. limonia and was evaluated using chemometric tools and development of analytical methods such as HPLC-DAD, LC-MS/MS, LC-UV-SPE-NMR and HRMAS quantitative variation of some secondary metabolites such as coumarins and flavonoids identified both in grafts and in the matrix C. sinensis and C. limonia. The chemometric methods PCA and HCA applied to the data obtained in studies by HPLC-DAD and HR-MAS allowed to discriminate plants contaminated with the bacteria of the species healthy, as well as the respective individuals. By analyzing the change in the chemical profile of citrus studied by HPLC-UV-SPE-NMR it was possible to detect the presence of a new class of secondary metabolites derived from p-hidroxy-cinnamic acid containing oxidized dihydropyran and dihydrofuran rings. Similarly, when analyzing the compounds of medium polarity by LC-MS/MS technique was identified, until now, in the roots and leaves several coumarins not cited in the literature for any of the species that constitute the graft, as dihydrosuberenol, 2 ', 3'-dihydrosuberosin, citrubutin the limonoid diosfenol limonin and flavonoid 3-hydroxy-3', 4 ',5,7,8- pentamethoxyflavone. Finally, was observed that coumarin bergapten is present in reasonable quantities only in the leaves of Rangpur lime, which is tolerant to X. fastidiosa, and when the graft presents with symptoms of citrus variegated chlorosis is a small production of this in their leaves, indicating that this is a phytoanticipin.
Estudo morfológico dos estádios ninfais das fêmeas de Ceroplastinae Atkinson (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-06-22)
Rosa, Keila de Cassia Coelho
;
Silva, Carlos Roberto Sousa e
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4890369735136839
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6984640335958321
The immature females of twelve species of Ceroplastinae (wax scale insects) were described and compared, macro and microscopically, with the purpose of contributing to the understanding the groups of the species of this subfamily, whose generic status is controversial. The morphology of the immatures, although little studied and not yet used in the phylogenetic studies of this subfamily, was very important for the grouping of the studied species. Nymphs of the first and second instars varied widely in relation to the wax test and the stigmatic setae, separating the species studied in three main groups: I) C. cirripediformis Comstock, 1881, C. floridensis Comstock, 1881, C. formicarius Hempel, 1900, C. grandis Hempel, 1900, C. mosquerai Ben-Dov, 1993 and C. rusci (Linnaeus, 1758), with dry wax filaments and with cylindrical or slightly conical and conical stigmatic setae with rounded apex in the first instar and setae totally conical in the second instar; II) C. formosus Hempel, 1900, C. janeirensis (Gray, 1828) and C. lucidus Hempel, 1900 with a shell of wax glassy and absence of lateral expansions or dry filaments and with stigmatic setae cylindrical with rounded apex and wider than the base, in the two first instars, and III) C. diospyros Hempel, 1928, C. flosculoides Matile-Ferrero, 1993 and C. iheringi Cockerell, 1895 with intermediate characteristics in waxy covering and setae with pentagonal or irregular shapes. The pattern of wax test observed for the group I, previously mentioned for other authors, was the most frequent among the studied species and better distributed in the world, being probably the most common pattern in Ceroplastinae. The patterns of wax cover observed for Groups II and III are here described for the first time for the immature females of Ceroplastinae. The group II is probably restricted to the Neotropical region, and the group III, including Neotropical species, probably has representative species in the Afrotropical region.
Desenvolvimento de união de multimateriais através de rebitagem por injeção (Injection Clinching Joining)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-06-22)
Abibe, André Bastos
;
Hage Júnior, Elias
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1240692926327687
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4861834283924996
Multimaterial structures are currently a technologically attractive field of research. The growing use of polymer composites replacing metals in structures aiming for weight and emission reduction is part of the motivation of this study. The currently used techniques adhesive bonding and mechanical fastening are limited in certain aspects, opening a path for innovation in this area. Joining of polymers and metals via Injection Clinching Joining (ICJ) is an innovative technique based in injection molding, adhesive bonding and staking. This work studies this technology in its theoretical aspects and applies it to a preliminary study with commercial materials: 30% short glass fiber reinforced polyamide 6,6 (PA66/FG30%); and aluminum alloy AA2024-T351. A design of experiment of one factor at a time analyzed effects of the process parameters on macro- and microstructure, local and global mechanical properties, and thermal properties. It was possible to create joints in which the polymer completely filled cavities in the metallic hole, but the reproducibility was not good, for most joints had only partial filling of the cavities, factor which improves the mechanical performance of the joint. The lap shear testing of overlapped joints determined the global mechanical strength of the joint, which ranged from 20,90 MPa to 51,48 MPa (35,9% to 88,5% of the ultimate tensile strength of PA66/FG30%), and the best performances are attributed to a large contact volume of polymeric material with the chamfer on top of the stud, and effective cavity filling. Two types of fracture were observed, a ductile and gradual (rivet pull-out), and a fragile and catastrophic (net-tension). The thermal properties of the polymer after joining were not significantly changed compared to the base material. This scientific and technological research featured ICJ as a viable process for joining of multimaterial structures, achieving good mechanical performance without significantly changing the properties of the base materials.
Protocolo ciente de correlação espacial para redes de sensores sem fio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-06-27)
Favarin, Gilmar
;
Araujo, Regina Borges de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8964123297688432
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4584110230416092
The usage of wireless sensor network is increasingly being applied to people s everyday lives everywhere: from energy consumption in households and buildings in general, to vital signs in assistive medicine, infrastructure monitoring, chemical or biological product leaking detection in industries, better surveillance, environmental monitoring, among many others. WSN can be deployed in different densities next to several thousands of nodes. However, the development of WSN solutions are limited mainly by energy resource restriction. The great challenge to WSN solutions is to increase the network longevity while guaranteeing data delivery, reliability and accuracy in an environment prone to different types of failures. The largest source of energy consumption is data transmission. Thus, solutions to WSN needs to avoid intense communication keeping energy consumption balance and so the network longevity. In applications in which high density of nodes is necessary, sensing process can produce a large amount of data which are similar or redundant, due to the special proximity among the nodes. This spatial proximity can be explored in routing solutions to reduce the amount of messages transmitted throughout the network. This work presents the Spatial Correlation Aware Routing Protocol - SCARP , which makes use of spatial correlation to reduce the number of network transmissions. With SCARP, the WSN is configured in cells and nodes of each cell are selected, in an alternated way, to transmit similar or redundant data, and so reducing the number of transmitted messages. This traffic reduction results in less energy consumption and longer network longevity. Evaluation results show that SCARP outperforms similar solutions described in the literature, such as DAARP, which uses clustering and aggregation. SCARP has a positive performance even for large node density scenarios.
Ecologia trófica da ictiofauna e simpatria de espécies congenéricas no córrego da Lapa, bacia do Alto Paraná, estado de São Paulo, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-06-27)
Souza, Jussara Elias de
;
Verani, Nelsy Fenerich
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1862746100743391
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6815950967125680
Streams and rivers are loctic environments characterized for a strong and unidirectional water flow. These environments in general have the light incidence partial or totally obstructed by the canopy of the riparian vegetation showing a high dependence of allocthonus organic inputs. The stream fishes are usually small sized, with reproductive strategies adapted to the unstable environment and have great trophic plasticity. The endemism is very common in this ictiofauna. The studies on trophic ecology and resources partitioning are important for the understanding of the community dynamics in the environment and the maintenance of the species. The Lapa Stream Watershed is located in the central region of the São Paulo State on area of basaltic cuesta relief. The surroundings of these streams are relatively well preserved and the main economic activities of the region are farming and ecotourism. This study was performed throughout four seasonal fish collections, carried out between April of 2002 and February of 2003 in the diurnal and nocturnal periods. Twelve collection stations were distributed in Lapa and Cantagalo Streams and in Passa Cinco River and sampling were made using cast nets, baited traps, sieves, and gill nets. The diet of 29 species were studied and it was found that insetivory was the main alimentary habit, followed by iliophagy - algivory and omnivory. The alimentary overlapping was high in several species pairs, but the habitat segregation occurred in some of them. The diet of three species altered along the upstream downstream gradient. The patterns of simpatry had been analyzed in three genera: Bryconamericus, Apareiodon and Astyanax and the food was the main resource partitioned among these species followed by the space resource. The results had shown that the micro basin is still well preserved, but that investments in the maintenance and recovery are necessary.
Da pedagogia do jogo ao voleibol sentado: possibilidades inclusivas na Educação Física Escolar; Inclusão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-06-27)
Miron, Edison Martins
;
Costa, Maria da Piedade Resende da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0443537867254075
Sport is one of the most developed contents in physical education classes in schools; nevertheless, it doesn‟t get the necessary pedagogical treatment for its better use as an educational instrument. In order to be truly democratic, it has to be adapted to the students needs and possibilities. Volleyball as a team sport creates confrontational and cooperative situations that can be done in a pedagogical way by the teacher. With the same objective and dynamics, the adapted sport Sitting Volleyball is able to facilitate positive actions in interpersonal relations, in which the possibility of success during school sports development may be more evident among students with and without physical disabilities. The present study aimed to systematize, put into practice and analyze a teaching program conceived to teach sitting volleyball to students with physical disabilities through games played in a sitting position, as a strategy to sensitize people to include physically disabled students in physical education classes at elementary school. From a pedagogical focus, the development of this study was supported by quantitative approach theoretical references and it is configured as a case study. The study was conducted in public schools of a medium-sized country town of São Paulo state. There were 120 participants from the fifth and sixth grades at elementary school, from three different groups of physical education classes with at least one physically disabled student included in each group. The instruments used for data collection were: a) observation protocol; b) beginning and ending questionnaire. In every class there was also the Field Notes filling to support the data quantitative analysis. The data collected and analyzed showed that in 98% of the developed activities, the possibilities of interpersonal relationship happened in a positive way among students with and without physical disabilities, promoting joint participation in conditions and possibilities of similar success that aroused concepts and values which enabled the accomplishment of the inclusive work.
Inclusão escolar do aluno com deficiência intelectual no estado de São Paulo: identificação e caracterização
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-06-27)
Veltrone, Aline Aparecida
;
Mendes, Enicéia Gonçalves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1722457389149806
Due to the lack of appropriate definitions, criteria and methods, the scientific literature in special education in Brazil has always highlighted the need to develop assessment procedures with certain standards that should be available to identify students with intellectual disabilities. This uncertainty is reinforced by the lack of consensus on the methods of identifying and labeling students with learning disabilities. However, the prospect of school inclusion, which encompass strategies and practices that support and enable meaningful inclusion of disabled students into the mainstream of the school system, similarly requires identification to meet the eligibility criteria stipulated by Specialized Educational Services (ESA). Whereas within the category of intellectual disability almost half of all pupils with special educational needs are enrolled, and that this figure greatly impacts the funding received from educational systems, due to the FUNDEB allocated the double of the amount in education budget aimed directly at students with special educational needs, there is a concern that there might be some form of reprisal regarding the criteria used to identify these students. The aim of this study was to describe the evaluation process in the identification of students with intellectual disabilities in Sao Paulo State. The study began with an analysis of official documents, policies and procedures that govern student assessment processes designed to identify pupils with special educational needs in Brazil and in São Paulo State, and it was concluded that there is a lack of clear guidelines and definitions for the assessment of intellectual disability and therefore the consequences are unknown. An empirical study was developed encompassing five towns in São Paulo State, in three instances regularly engaged with the identification of these students: the municipal, the state system, and the special school, a total of 15 data collection sites. The study was divided into three phases designed to: ethical conduct and preliminary assessment, characterization of professional skills, and the investigation on their practical assessment to identify their strength and previous experience. Focus group interviews were conducted on a regular basis with the availability of a team of professionals that allowed the assessment and individual interviews where only one professional was responsible for the results. Data obtained from interviews with 67 professionals were analyzed using the Collective Subject Speech (CSS) technique. The results indicate that the regular classroom teacher is the key agent in the early identification of a suspected intellectual disability: developmental delay, learning difficulties, adaptive behavior, and behavior problems. While there is a multidisciplinary assessment team in special school to evaluate students for the diagnosis, conversely, in the municipal and state schools there is an education team that uses the assessment techniques with pedagogical purpose. The procedure used encompassed interviews with families, educational evaluation, multidisciplinary assessment, and intellectual assessment. The latter was applied only to a few special schools. The state education system was the most precarious instance due to the professional shortages, usually recognized only by the special education teacher. Comparing the 15 instances there is evidence that there are no common guidelines in the assessment process, because the number and training of professionals involved vary between different locations, the concept of intellectual disability is subjective, criteria and procedures found in the literature are not followed, and each group develops its own evaluation procedures. Overall, the contradictions between professional discourses and everyday practice is released and they examines the disadvantages of labeling a student that is unnecessary and injurious, even though they are officially labeled for school census purposes and seen as such by schools, often without their and their families knowledge and consent. The need to standardize the evaluation process for identifying students with intellectual disabilities to avoid the arbitrariness and subjectivity that surround this entire process these days is also discussed.
Microrganismos produtores de celulases: seleção de isolados de Trichoderma spp
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-06-27)
Florencio, Camila
;
Farinas, Cristiane Sanchez
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9933650905615452
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8317605349425304
The search for microorganism that produces cellulolytic enzymes is of the great importance in contributing to the viability of biological route for the production of cellulosic ethanol. Among filamentous fungi, the genus Trichoderma is characterized as a high enzyme producer. Given the growing demand for the development of processes that reduce the cost of cellulases had been proposed this work which aims to evaluate and select strains of filamentous fungi Trichoderma, available at Embrapa banks, capable of producing high concentrations of complex cellulolytic enzymes. The methodology developed in the project was divided in four steps until the final selection of the best strains. The first step of evaluation consisted in the observation of the growth of 78 pre-selected strains of Trichoderma from the degradation of microcrystalline cellulose, Avicel. The second step of selection, Congo red test, summarized in the determination of halo hydrolysis and the measurement of enzymatic index (diameter of halo hydrolysis. diameter halo colony-1) of each strain. The third stage was evaluated the strains with greater potential to produce cellulases in fermentation test tubes for the enzymes CMCase, Xylanase e FPAse. The last stage of evaluate and select of strains was solid-state fermentation (SSF). In the first step of selection, 49 strains showed the ability to metabolize the substrate microcrystalline cellulose, Avicel. The Congo red test, the second step, selected the ten best strains obtained with enzymatic indexes above 1.50, ranging from 1.51 to 1.90. In the process of fermentation in tubes were selected three strains with the better production of enzymes among the ten selected on Congo red test, T. harzianum CEN 139, T. harzianum CEN 155 and T. sp CG 104NH. For evaluation the enzymatic production in SSF was held initially a factorial experimental design to select the significant variables in the process. The variables studied were: inoculum concentration, moisture and proportion of sugarcane bagasse. After the CMCAse enzyme analysis was observed the proportion of sugarcane bagasse as a significant variable. From this result it was performed a central composite design for the improvement of fermentative parameters: the proportion of bagasse and moisture. The proportion of bagasse was significant and enzyme activity reached 11.16 UI.g-1 to CMCase. The process of SSF, among three tested strains, selected T. sp CG 104NH as the best producer of CMCase, Xylanase and FPase, with values of 25.93 UI.g-1, 67.17 UI.g-1 and 1.87 UI.g -1, respectively. The correlation coefficient between this process (SSF) and Congo red test was R2 = 0.97, 0.98 and 0.97 for the three enzymes studied, CMCase, Xylanase and FPase respectively. Therefore, it was possible to obtain a linear correlation between these two methodologies. The selection steps evaluated in this study were considered effective, quality selections proved quick selection of an extensive database of fungi. The linear correlation between the tests made with red Congo and SSF indicate that is possible to use the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to assess the ability of cellulase production by filamentous fungi.
Forças armadas e educação : o Colégio Militar de Campo Grande – MS (1993-2010)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-06-27)
Figueira, Kátia Cristina Nascimento
;
Ferreira Junior, Amarilio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0748545841167046
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6034445458102576
This research work has as its object of study the relationship established between the Colégio Militar de Campo Grande, created in 1993, and the historical context in South mato-grossense ensues with the end of the cold war (1947-1991). To do so, establishes the links between the armed forces and their occupation geopolitics in Mato Grosso do Sul, the significance of this presence to the social organization of sul-mato-grossenses, power relations, the formation processes of teaching and how these elements materialize in the Colégio Militar de Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, in the field of history of School Institutions. The assumption that its creation during the last decade of the 20th century correlates with the formation of a new role as established by the armed forces after the military Government (1964-1985). The occupation of the southern territory of Mato Grosso, particularly after the war of Paraguay (1865-1870), was always associated with the issue of security and defence policy of intensifying national military presence in the State of Mato Grosso uno with the installation of the 9th military region of the army in 1921, in the city of Campo Grande. We reviewed the Constitution of the professionalization of the military in the new State and its alignment to North American geopolitics after World War II through the development of the national security doctrine by Escola Superior de Guerra. Thus, the hypothesis that guides our research part of the understanding that the presence of the armed forces in the South of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul, until 1988, was linked to the geopolitical conception of capitalist occupation of territory and at the same time, the protection of cultural and political values of the so-called "Western Christian civilization." Thus, after the end of military dictatorship (1985) and the so-called "real socialism" (1991) the Brazilian military strategy has changed as a result of the new role assigned to the armed forces, whose traces can be observed in the creation of the Colegio Militar de Campo Grande. This College stands out from other public high schools in the State in the face of your infrastructure, your organization and your defense of hierarchy and discipline seated moral principles advocated by Émile Durkheim. In summary, we seek to answer the following questions: as if built historically the presence of military in Mato Grosso do Sul? How the internals of the College expressing the strategy adopted by the armed forces in this new role? What are the constituent elements of the school? The sources used were obtained through interviews and questionnaires, semistructured documents and bibliographies in both physical and virtual support. The basic theory analysis based explanatory theoretical Gramscian stance.
Produção recombinante e caracterização de uma desintegrina da peçonha de Rhinocerophis alternatus (antiga Bothrops alternatus) com atividade antimetastática visando o desenvolvimento de um novo fármaco
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-06-28)
Pontes, Carmen Lucia Salla
;
Araújo, Heloísa Sobreiro Selistre de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7468571768190030
This work presents the study of the effects of an RGD disintegrin from Rhinocerophis alternatus (ancient Bothrops alternatus) in key steps of the metastatic cascade. Disintegrins are cysteine-rich peptides, which have several biological activities related to cell-cell interaction and cell adhesion. The correct pairing of disulfide bonds exposes the adhesive motif which confers binding specificity of disintegrins. These molecules selectively blocks the adhesive function of integrins, which directly participate in various physiological and pathological processes. In the first part of this work, we use the DisBa-01, a disintegrin from B.alternatus in fusion with 6 histidines in pET28a expression vector. The DisBa-01 in the flow system inhibited adhesion of B16F10 melanoma cells and platelets to type I collagen and activated the adhesion of B16F10 melanoma cells to type III collagen. In transmigration and adhesion of breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231, the DisBa-01 had the tendency to reduce these stages of metastatic cascade. The disintegrins have been instrumental in the development of molecules with potential therapeutic application and the effects produced by DisBa-01 in this work as well as others from our laboratory, led us in the second part of this work, the production of the disintegrin B.alternatus without the fusion peptide (called ATN) which conferred increased solubility of the disintegrin. ATN was isolated by two molecular exclusions chromatography and ion exchange chromatography and biological characterization was directed to the anti-metastatic effect of this molecule. In this sense, the ATN was unable to promote the adhesion of human erythroleukemia K562 cells, but inhibited the adhesion of tumor cells K562, B16F10 and MDA-MB-231 to fibronectin had no effect in fibroblasts. ATN is not able to detach the fibroblasts adhered to fibronectin but promotes the detachment of K562 and B16F10 cells previously adhered to fibronectin. However, it does not induce fragmentation of cellular DNA, showing no pro-apoptotic effect. In cell proliferation, the ATN has negative effect with 48 hours of incubation with B16F10 tumor cells, but fibroblasts and MDA-MB-231 this effect was not observed. By flow cytometry we observed the interaction of ATN with αvβ3 integrin. The MDA-MB-231 Tx migration was inhibited by ATN and changed the actin cytoskeleton of these cells. However, an increased activity of MMP-9 was observed in MDA-MB-231 treated with ATN and the invasion of MDA-MB-231 was induced by the RGD disintegrin. These results encourage further studies with this disintegrin in seeking the best concentração of the disintegrin, the identification of cytotoxic activity as well as the best method of distribution of this molecule in vivo.
Filosofia no ensino médio: luta histórica, didática e conteúdos para sala de aula
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-06-28)
Rocha, João Antonio
;
Tagliavini, João Virgílio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2615517527546046
This dissertation concerns about philosophically thinking the Philosophy teaching regarding its historical struggle, didactics and contents. The importance of such knowledge is supported by the recent federal law approval which states the obligation of this subject in high schools. By studying the reasons why Philosophy was excluded and then included in high school regular courses arouses the debate of which are the best procedures to define the minimum national contents, as well as, what would be the best (philosophical) didactics to the students. Upon thinking of Philosophy regarding the characteristics and specificities attributed to it which can only be explained by using didactics also based on Philosophy what makes Michel Tozzi and his concept of philosophical didactics and Delueze and Guaterri and their theory regarding the creation of philosophical concepts the source of this work which must be the guide to any Philosophy teaching plan. Taking the investigative dialogue and the use of philosophical texts as an essential principle, we will analyze the sentence being critical and autonomous as proposed on LDB (Basis and Orientation Laws) and being supported by the concepts of Adorno s Critical Theories, we will suggest a possible didactic way to be worked out.
Geração genética multiobjetivo de sistemas fuzzy usando a abordagem iterativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-06-28)
Cárdenas, Edward Hinojosa
;
Camargo, Heloisa de Arruda
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0487231065057783
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8869747558745502
The goal of this work is to study, expand and evaluate the use of multiobjective genetic algorithms and the iterative rule learning approach in fuzzy system generation, especially, in fuzzy rule-based systems, both in automatic fuzzy rule generation from datasets and in fuzzy sets optimization. This work investigates the use of multi-objective genetic algorithms with a focus on the trade-off between accuracy and interpretability, considered contradictory objectives in the representation of fuzzy systems. With this purpose, we propose and implement an evolutive multi-objective genetic model composed of three stages. In the first stage uniformly distributed fuzzy sets are created. In the second stage, the rule base is generated by using an iterative rule learning approach and a multiobjective genetic algorithm. Finally the fuzzy sets created in the first stage are optimized through a multi-objective genetic algorithm. The proposed model was evaluated with a number of benchmark datasets and the results were compared to three other methods found in the literature. The results obtained with the optimization of the fuzzy sets were compared to the result of another fuzzy set optimizer found in the literature. Statistical comparison methods usually applied in similar context show that the proposed method has an improved classification rate and interpretability in comparison with the other methods.
Ecologia trófica da comunidade de peixes do reservatório de Cachoeira Dourada, rio Paranaíba, Bacia do Alto Rio Paraná, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-06-28)
Velludo, Marcela Roquetti
;
Verani, Nelsy Fenerich
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1862746100743391
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1849919927223660
The knowledge of the fish s diet and species abundance of a particular community allows us to identify the community s different trophic categories, as well as to infer about its structure. This knowledge may also permit to evaluate the degree of importance of trophic levels and to understand the interrelationships among the components of that community. In order to generate data for a better understanding of the relationships between the ichthyofauna components and other aquatic organisms in the community, this study aimed to characterize the trophic structure of the fish community of the Cachoeira Dourada reservoir - MG/GO, Upper Parana River basin (18° 30' 11.47"S, 49° 29' 18.78"W). The fish sampling occurred monthly from February 2007 to January 2008 and the fishes were captured using gill nets of 2 to 6.5 inches between adjacent knots placed at three sampling points of the reservoir. The biometric analyses was performed by the gauging of the total and standard length and total weight of the collected specimens. The fish stomachs were removed, weighed and fixed in 4% formaldehyde for further analysis in stereomicroscope. The data obtained during the stomach contents analysis was quantified though the Alimentary Index of Kawakami and Vazzoler, which combines the frequency of occurrence and volume of the alimentary items. The description of the species diet allowed the identification of six feeding guilds: (1) Iliophagous, (2) Carnivores-insectivores, (3) Carnivores-piscivores, (4) herbivores, (5) Omnivores, (6) Invertivores. The dietary overlap trophic web built showed interspecific interactions with 20% connectance. Eleven sub-groups or clicks were observed. The iliophagous sub-group showed no interactions with other species guilds. The bipartite network showed the generality of the food items intake of Pimelodus maculatus, the most abundant species in gill nets catches. The prey relative biomass appeared to be larger than that of the predators, this factor may be responsible for maintaining the large amount of piscivorous species found in the community. The ecosystem analyses describe and evaluate the functioning of biological systems considering productivity, interaction between communities and their functional processes. The knowledge of trophic ecology and key species connectivity indicates the paths through which the greater part of the system energy flows. This can help to identify regulatory elements of the community s structure and functioning, since it summarizes the dynamics of environmental energy transfer.
“Mbya retxãi Opy tekoaxy mongy'a oa” : a manutenção da saúde Guarani-Mbya na Casa de Reza
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-06-28)
Silveira, Teresa Cristina
;
Cardoso, Marina Denise
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9673720768173749
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7126592504818718
This ethnography proposes a reflection on the meaning of the concept of “helth maintenance” among the Guarani-Mbya people who live in the Indigenous Land Ribeirão Silveira, located at the coastal region of the state of São Paulo. From the presentation of the native notion of embodiment, wich is constituted through everyday practies of its manufacture and the rituals performed in Opy (cerimonial House) this work wants to show how the native people understands the Person notion.
Análise da influência das condições de processamento na morfologia e nas propriedades de blendas poliméricas PBT/ABS moldadas por injeção
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-06-29)
Cardinali, Daniel Albuquerque
;
Hage Júnior, Elias
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1240692926327687
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4102444414752905
A study on the correlation of blend morphology, properties, the injection molding process and manufacturing methods of polymeric blends constituted of PBT and ABS was proposed. Thus, uncompatibilized PBT/ABS blends have been prepared in a twin-screw extruder using different parameters of process, in order to obtain blends presenting distinct properties and, if possible, distinct morphologies. The extruded blends have been eventually submitted to the injection molding process for the evaluation of the influence of the injection molding process parameters on the morphology, thermal properties and mechanical properties, especially impact strength, of PBT/ABS blends. The following parameters of the injection molding process and its influence on the properties mentioned above have been studied: injection temperature, mold temperature, holding pressure and injection speed. The Design of Experiments approach has been used to arrange the full set of experiments and also to statistically analyze the results. The morphology of the extruded and injection molded blends has been investigated by Transmission Electron Microscopy, the mechanical properties by Izod impact strength tests and the degradation of the blends constituents has also been evaluated. The results have indicated that major differences on the impact strength of the samples can be achieved by only varying the injection molding parameters. Furthermore, mold temperature and injection speed have significantly affected the impact strength and the ductile-brittle transition temperature of the injection molded samples. Morphological analyses and degradation studies have suggested that the dispersion degree of the ABS disperse phase particles within the PBT matrix plays an essential role in determining the impact strength of the blends.
Sensibilidade de três variedades de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum spp.) ao alumínio em solução avaliada por corantes indicadores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-06-29)
Malvestiti, Jacqueline Aparecida
;
Soares, Marcio Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6337462438517339
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9543-6450
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4554213632240773
Brazil is the world's largest producer of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.). Its production is expanding in regions characterized by soils with low fertility and high acidity. The influence of Al toxicity on the development of the root system and on the interference of nutrient uptake has been presented as one of the main causes of the low productivity of many soils. The objectives of this study were: to evaluate the root development of sugarcane varieties RB855156, SP81 3250, and RB935744 in nutrient solution with different Al stress conditions (0, 70, 130, 380, 800, 1400, and 2000 μmol L-1); to examine morphological changes in sugarcane roots through optical microscopy; to verify the penetration of Al into the root tissue with the use of Al-complexing dyes; to test the efficiency of hematoxylin and pyrocatechol violet dyes as indicators of the presence of Al in root tissue. The experiment was conducted under laboratory conditions, in a completely randomized design, with four replications. The root growth rate results (cm day-1) were submitted to analysis of variance and compared by Tukey's test, at a 5% significance level. Morphological parameters of Al in root tissues, indicated by color, were explored in the form of images by photographic recording of observations under an optical microscope. Increasing the Al concentration in solution caused a decrease in the root elongation rate. The critical concentration of Al in solution, regardless of variety, according to statistical analysis was 1400 mmol Al L-1. The main morphological alterations of the roots were observed from the critical concentration of 800 mmol Al L-1 in solution, and include the production of callose and the collapse and deformation of the root cap. The hematoxylin dye was more efficient than pyrocatechol violet to indicate the accumulation and location of Al in the root tissue. The tolerance sequence of sugarcane varieties to Al in solution was RB935744 (late)>SP81-3250 (medium)>RB855156 (early), and this may be correlated with the cycle of the varieties.
A presença dos antigos em tempos de conversão: etnografia dos Kaingang do oeste paulista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-06-29)
Lourenço, Marília Sene de
;
Peggion, Edmundo Antonio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9849805103860827
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2639771998853175
This thesis deals with many kinds of relations between the São Paulo Kaingang and the others: their neighbours Krenak and Terena, non Indians finally, with Otherness in its Christian shape. For they‟ve chosen to articulate within their sociability another language through which persons and collectives are differencitated Catholicism and the Revivalist Churches Assembleia de Deus and Congregação Cristã no Brasil. It seems that they differenciate themselves through an oppositional process. Religious groups, political factions and extended families‟ daily oppositions, as observed through fieldwork, are brought to this text. The Jê bibliography also helps to give a sociality background to the empiric data. Hence the concepts stability and change , used as tools for the understanding of Kaingang transformations. To become a relative or an ex-relative, catholic or revivalist, an allied or an enemy these are possibilities of social action formulated by a thought that seems to be surprised by the numerous ambiguities of its own oppositional procedure. Mainly, by the ambiguity of life and death: connected to their dead relatives (the ancients), but also running away from them, the Kaingang try to solve this dilemma by all means especially in their daily life, where part of this tentative resides in conversion to Christianity.
Gestão do conhecimento: uma análise do setor automobilístico a partir de fatores contextuais da organização
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-06-29)
Gonzalez, Rodrigo Valio Dominguez
;
Martins, Manoel Fernando
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3921504261628850
The latest models on Knowledge Management (KM) recognize four stages to their practice: acquisition, storage, distribution and use of knowledge that presents itself as tacit and explicit. The KM is characterized as a multidisciplinary discipline, involving aspects of technical and social order and due to the diversity of issues about this topic, it is essential to delimit their study. In this sense, the proposed delimitation for this research is social and coordination, involving the identification of contextual factors, developed internally in organizations that support the process of KM in automotive companies. These contextual factors are defined based on organizational aspects to enable the development of the four phases of the KM, especially the development of human resources, organizational culture, teamwork, organizational structure and the way how knowledge is developed and absorbed internally. This thesis also identifies groupings (clusters) composed of companies with similar characteristics as the development of these contextual factors, analyzing the implications of the clusters features for KM and for the use of knowledge. The automotive companies can be characterized as advanced for improvement and innovation processes, and thus the knowledge management is fundamental to the sustainability of these activities. To achieve this goal, this research uses a quantitative research method, based on a survey. Data analysis is performed using multivariate statistical techniques of factor analysis, cluster analysis and discriminant analysis. In regarding the results were collected eight contextual factors that support the process of GC, and also identified four clusters for the development of these factors: innovate, exploited, exploited and Laggards. The companies of the first two groups have a better capacity to absorb knowledge and build a broader base of primary knowledge, making them more innovative, and the other two groups take a more reactive posture within the industry, following the development proposed by the companies of first two clusters. In the latter two groups, in particular exploited, there is the development of factors related to incremental improvement and teamwork, showing a tendency to use the knowledge designed to improve production efficiency.