Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2011-08-23"

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Monitoramento e modelagem de um sistema filtro - vala - trincheira de infiltração em escala real
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-08-23)
Lucas, Alessandro Hirata
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Barbassa, Ademir Paceli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2979012440240781
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6906085323922359
Infiltration systems aim to reduce the effects of urbanization, waterproofing and runoff, acting at the origin of the runoff. The objective of this project was to monitor a Filter - Swale Trench (FVT) system, built at UFSCar s campus in real scale by retaining the runoff produced by waterproofed areas. The FVT system was built in soil described as sandy loam, with infiltration capacity between 2,30x10-5 and 6,05x10-6 meters/second, and was obtained by doing testes in field using double ring infiltrometer and inverted well, respectively. The FVT system was monitored by measuring the precipitation, the inflow system, the level of water stored, and by verifying that the system functioned during the rainfalls. Sixty rainfalls were monitored, with up to a 48 year return period, with no extravasations. We observed differences between the design and operation of the system, such as the catchment area, the infiltration area and losses in the channel distribution. This shows that the structure is larger than actual scenario. We compared the fine content of the gravel and sand filter and the geotextile s permeability of the infiltration trench, sampled after construction and after about a year of system operation. After the period of operation, the gravel and sand filter showed an average reduction in fine content of 29% and 52%, respectively. The geotextile showed partial clogging, which reduced its permeability by an average of 45%. The system has been modeled using the PULS method and SWMM model. The PULS modeling method allowed us to determine the water storage level satisfactorily. Graphically, the storage level curves are similar, with average values of the Nahs - Sutcliffe coefficient (NS) of 0,43, a mean maximum storage level error of 29% and mean empting time absolute error of 36%, obtained in the validation model. The SWMM model enabled the microbasin simulation to run a Departmento de Medicina bulding and the FVT system performed unsatisfactorily and demonstrated some limitations. The model validation presented absolute mean errors of peak runoff at 58%, accumulated inflow volume of 35%, mean error of the maximum storage level of 72%, mean error of emptying time of 79%, mean NS values of inflow of 0,02 and mean NS values of storage level of - 0,79. Using the SWMM model resulted in lower levels of storage and smaller emptying times than those using the PULS model. The system maintenance summed up in cleaning the land, removing sediments from the measurement channel, and performing gardening services. The system maintenance cost in the first year of operation was R$ 85,00 / month or R$ 0,67 for each square foot of impervious drained area, considered high compared to maintenance costs of conventional drainage systems.
Análise econômica do sistema de produção ILP-integração lavoura pecuária em uma unidade de pesquisa avançada da EMBRAPA do Mato Grosso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-08-23)
Prado, Wander Bosco Souza do
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Souza Filho, Hildo Meirelles de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9818569122970874
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the economic viability of Crop-Livestock Integration System (SILP) in a experimental unit of EMBRAPA, stade of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The research was held on 100 hectare farm area under commercial conditions of production. This production system can be considered as an alternative for tradictional land use. It is able to increase agricultural production and avoide exploitation of new agricultural areas in environmental sensitive areas. A case study exploratory research was conducted. The approach to the problem was quantitative and qualitative, by the use of statistical tools for data collection and processing, and the analysis of variables. It was collected economic and financial data in real conditions using spreadsheet software. This information was presented by means of cash flow, which allowed to produce economic indicators and analysis, since the implementation of the project until the marketing of the products for a period of 5 (five) years farming, providing relevant analysis and interpretation of indicators based on analysis of cash flow, such as NPV. An economic analisys of the SILP is provided, showing its advantages and disadvantages for farmers and giving more information for analysis and decision making related to its adoption. It was shown that SILP is economically advantageous when compared with the monoculture of soybean. Even though SILP is a technology still under development, it proved to be advantageous because positive economic returns, and especially because it provides diversification of productive activities, generating greater stability at less risk.
Avaliação da qualidade da água de chuva e de um sistema filtro-vala-trincheira de infiltração no tratamento do escoamento superficial direto predial em escala real em São Carlos - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-08-24)
Gutierrez, Lorena Avelina Rojas
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Barbassa, Ademir Paceli
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2979012440240781
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1086266644087327
Several studies cite the pollution of stormwater as equivalent and sometimes even superior to those found in the sewers. According to this premise and thinking about environmental issues, especially in the contamination of groundwater and the spread of waterborne diseases, the quality of rainwater has become an important focus of study. This work concerns the monitoring of an infiltration system consisting of grass filter, trench and infiltration trench, built in full scale on the campus of University Federal of São Carlos - UFSCar, located in São Carlos - SP, from the assessment water quality of runoff directly before and after passing through the proposed infiltration system, parallel to monitoring the quality of rain water, through analysis of the physico-chemical and bacteriological established in legislation and international experiences, compared the conditions of the study area, and exploratory data analysis by two chemometric techniques: Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA). According to the analysis of the results variation, especially the quality of atmospheric water and quality of direct runoff results were obtained as concentrations low significantly to parameters Turbidity, Color, ST, STD, Nitrate, Nitrite, Ammonia nitrogen, Sulfate, Chloride, Cadmium, Copper, Lead and Zinc in the water samples analyzed directly from rain, compared with previous studies in the literature and standards and legislation existing about water resources, and the efficiency of the infiltration trench in the removal of Zinc (90,89%), Cooper (88,31%), Electrical Conductivity (31,40%), Ammonial nitrogen (24,32%) and Chloride (5,88%) compared with the predial direct runnof in the channel. With regard to PCA analysis, proves the characteristics between samples according to the conditions of sampling (day, month, place and time) and analysed variables, dividing into groups of samples and contributing to the extraction and interpretation of information unlikely to be viewed directly in the data matrix. The analysis complemented by HCA analysis by PCA.
Mulheres em campo: novas reflexões acerca do feminino no futebol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-08-24)
Stahlberg, Lara Tejada
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Toledo, Luiz Henrique de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4351472632630471
Football has been known as an arena marked by masculinity, but in a very particular manner, mainly heterosexual. That could be explained through the way the game has been constructed, in a defined performance focused on what would be inheriting to a condition of what is ideally understood to be a man. In that context, the conformation of the bodies to the practice of football in many countries, especially Brazil, induced the idea that it a sport that is neither suitable nor desirable to the female body. Therefore, the women have been reduced to spectators and their entry in that universe restricted to what could be considers appropriate to a woman. However, we have witnessed a continuous subversion of that space and its representations, which goes from the amount of women in stadiums to the number of women who have professionally inserted themselves in many areas in the sport, insofar as if football can be understood as an institution that for some thinkers expresses the Brazilian society on the symbolic plan, understanding the role played by women in that universe and in what way that space is occupied can be very relevant. In that sense, the study of such roles, as players, referees, journalists and supporters may reveal different nuances of a new spectrum of representations formulated by old and new actors that operate in that space.
Web-PIDE : uma plataforma de gestão escolar composta por serviços identificados a partir de diagramas de objetivos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-08-24)
Silva, Fernanda Aparecida Rocha da
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Fabbri, Sandra Camargo Pinto Ferraz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2204086299921323
One of the benefits of Service-Oriented Architecture is to make business processes adaptable when this architecture is adopted during software development. For reaching this purpose, it is essential to have a support for services identification in order to meet the business goals. However, many available services found on web environment are too specific and can hardly be reused in different applications. This happens because there is a lack of systematic approaches for supporting generic services identification in a systematic way. Objective: Presenting a strategy for identifying generic services that support business processes. The identification is supported by Goal Diagrams and Business Process Models and is composed by a set of guidelines which assist the domain engineer in extracting the services. The identified services are generic enough to be reused in similar applications of a specific domain. Methodology: To elaborate our strategy, some domain-specific business process were analyzed, aiming at extracting key tasks and turn them into generic web services. This analysis was supported by an extended version of goal diagrams (GTR) and conventional BPM models. Results: As a proof-of-concept we applied our strategy for identifying services in the planning processes domain and we developed a real e-gov web portal based on the identified services. The web portal was used successfully by two different schools for elaborating their planning processes. Conclusion: We claim that our strategy is generic and can be applied to other business processes providing software suitability to the organization dynamics, besides the potential reuse of services in different instances of the same business process.
As verdades da mentira: ensaio etnográfico com folhetos de cordel
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-08-24)
Basques Júnior, Messias Moreira
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Sztutman, Renato
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0760992257173642
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7032010286340637
This dissertation proposes an essay based on three ethnographic experiences with folhetos de cordel booklets of narrative poetry from Brazilian Northeast. The starting point is my participation in the development of new instruments of classification for folhetos s collections at the archives of the Brazilian Studies Institute of the University of São Paulo (IEB--‐USP). In first chapter I describe the archive life through an ethnographic account of the day--‐to--‐day activities in this environment that remains unfamiliar for the majority of anthropologists, and which led me to meet the poets themselves in the Northeastern state of Pernambuco. The second chapter refers to a brief ethnography with some eminent poets, among them J. Borges. His poetic concept of lie appears in third chapter as an ethnograp
Estudo das propriedades estruturais através de espectroscopia Raman de amostras de grafite de poucas camadas (GPC) obtidas por clivagem mecânica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-08-25)
Burgos Gavelán, Ricky Nelson
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Moreira, Fernando Manuel Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1809254923092721
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4542523190192267
In this work, We report studies on samples of graphite few layers obtained from micromechanical techniques of cleaving Manual of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG). In order to checking the number of layers in each sample, each was physically characterized by spectroscopic measurements using the Raman technique. We studied the ratio of the intensities of the first-order band permitted G, and the second-order band resonance G′(2D) (IG=I2D), from Raman spectroscopy, provides useful information about stacking of graphite layers to verify the presence of few layers in the samples. The results of this study show that by Raman spectroscopy is possible to obtain information from the structural composition of the material and allows knowing the stacking of graphite layers in the samples. Since was used HOPG, there is no information of the size of crystallite represented by disorder induced D band , since this material has long range crystalline symmetry where the crystal size is much larger than the spot of laser used for the measurements.
Correlação entre acidentes de trânsito, uso e ocupação do solo, polos geradores de viagens e população na cidade de Uberlândia-MG
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-08-25)
Alves, Priscilla
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Raia Junior, Archimedes Azevedo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6413793013018019
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7816834312341689
Mecanismo para garantia de privacidade em redes sociais online
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-08-25)
Botelho, Rodrigo Pereira
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Zorzo, Sérgio Donizetti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2523715806470871
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3020853775955526
The use of online social networks for sharing personal data is becoming increasingly common. To join an online social network, users must agree to the online social networks policies and this generally implies agreeing that all posted data can be used for various purposes, for instance, to improve the service offered by the social network operator. Online social networks generally provide tools to allow users to restrict access to their shared data. However, these access restrictions applies only to social network users, enabling third parties and the social network itself access and use to these data. A data encryption based approach only is insufficient to ensure privacy and preserve the ability of the user to obtain personalized services. This paper presents a mechanism based on a well-known message format coupled with the use of methods for symmetric and asymmetric encryption to extend the privacy in online social networks, ensuring that certain user data types remain private to other network users, third parties and own social network, yet allowing the offering of personalized services. Additionally, a case study using the mechanism in a real online social network and an analysis of the mechanism are presented.
A alegoria histórica em Manoel de Oliveira: um filme falado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-08-25)
Santos, Wiliam Pianco dos
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Paiva, Samuel José Holanda de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7222933274927263
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0171958971463706
This research consists of a discourse analysis of Um filme falado (2003), from the Portuguese film director Manoel de Oliveira. The idea is to investigate the meanings implied in the historical allegory built by the director in that film, questioning the notions of nation and globalization. In this sense, the theoretical references are conducted to the implications of the allegory in cinematographic discourse, as well as the interdisciplinary field located between the Cinema and History. For such end, thematic and formal aspects will be dealt based on the film analysis of the work in question.
Expansão in vitro de células-tronco mesenquimais cultivadas em biorreator de fibra oca
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-08-25)
Mizukami, Amanda
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Suazo, Cláudio Alberto Torres
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9591447226240450
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1505095854164456
The mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells that can differentiate into various types of tissue, a characteristic that makes them interesting for applications in cell therapy. Moreover, cells are anchorage-dependent (ability to adhere to surfaces), easy isolation and rapid expansion in vitro. The traditional cultures of anchorage-dependent animal cells, usually grown in monolayers, resulting in low crop yield and cell recovery, preventing the use of MSCs in therapeutic applications. The need for alternative farming techniques for expansion of MSCs in a large scale have led researchers to the use of "bioreactor technology," which has been seconded from the bioreactor, spinner flask with microcarriers and hollow fiber (hollow fiber). The objective of this work was to develop a method of cultivation known as mesenchymal stem cell line hMSC-TERT in spinner flasks with microcarriers for subsequent inoculation into hollow-fiber bioreactor, aiming at the efficient expansion and the subsequent recovery of MSCs so that preserve their differentiation potential in order to be used in cell therapy. In cultured, we used the microcarrier Pronectin ® F 100 mL spinner flasks with culture medium α-MEM with 15% fetal calf serum, kept in a CO2 incubator at 37 ° C and pH between 7.2 and 7.4. In cultures in spinner flasks were adopted strategies such as supplementation of the culture medium, exchanges of culture medium during cultivation, addition of reagents to reduce clusters of microcarriers, to increase productivity for the subsequent cell inoculation in hollow fiber bioreactor. The use of these strategies has increased productivity cell, achieving a best result of cell multiplication factor (MCF) of 5.79. However, obtaining higher FMC was drastically limited by the formation of clusters of microcarriers in a gel matrix.The cell recovery was low maintenance and analysis of the antigenic phenotype by flow cytometry confirmed the conservation of phenotypic characteristics of hMSC-TERT. The hollow fiber bioreactor is an alternative to the clusters of microcarriers, it allows oxygenation and adequate supply of nutrients. Thus, in experiments carried out in hollow-fiber bioreactor used the α-MEM supplemented with 15% FBS (v / v), 2.0 g / L glucose, 2.50 mM glutamine, 2.60 mM arginine, 0.07% antifoam PPG. The cells were inoculated after 48 hours of cultivation in spinner flasks in a gel composed of collagen, hyaluronic acid, agar (1.5%) in the proportion 0.75: 0.037: 0.21 at pH 7.2 to 7.4 . Thus, the resulting gel was mixed with culture medium in α-MEM 1:3 ratio, to provide better grip on the fibers. The total expansion factor, ie the one calculated from the inoculation of the spinner to the end of cultivation in hollow fiber bioreactor was 11, 2, which can be considered the greatest value achieved in this work. It is clear that this expansion factor can still be easily overcome by adopting strategies to grow more frequent replacement of culture medium. This hypothesis is strengthened by the proven fact that the microcarriers are not yet saturated with cells at the end of the experiment.
Hidrólise e fermentação do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar em escala de bancada para produção de etanol 2G
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-08-26)
Carli, Chanel Moacyr de
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Cruz, Antonio José Gonçalves da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3863506440644207
The objective of this work was to evaluate the hydrolysis and alcoholic fermentation stages of the sugar cane bagasse (SCB) for second generation ethanol production (2G). Hydrolysis experiments were carried out employing 8%, 10%, 15% and 20% (m/v) solid loads. Samples of in natura SCB and steam exploded SCB were submitted to different pretreatment sequences: water + 4.0% NaOH solution; 1.0% H2SO4 solution + 4.0% NaOH 4%; 1.0% H2SO4 solution + 7.0% NaOH solution; 7.0% NaOH solution; aqueous ammonia; water. Pretreated bagasse was characterized (chemical analysis and SEM) and the mass yield of each sequence was evaluated. This material was employed in hydrolysis experiments using different enzyme loads (33, 65 and 98 FPU/g-cellulose). Three different configurations were evaluated: SHF Separated Saccharification and Fermentation, SSF Simultaneous Hydrolysis and Fermentation, and FB Fed-Batch. In these experiments it was employed Accelerase 1500 enzymatic extract (Genencor). Concerning cellulose loss, SCB pretreated with water and 4.0% of NaOH solution presented the best result (23.9%). For this case, the hemicellulose and ligning removal was 73.7% and 79.1%, respectively. For the others pretreatment sequences the hemicellulose and lignin removal range from 72.3 to 92.2%. For lignin removal the values range from 60.0 and 88.9%. Experiments employing high solid load (20%) resulting in a more concentrated hydrolyzed (ca. 110 g/L). In this experiment it was achieved 64% of cellulose to glucose conversion in 34 hour. The fermentation experiments were carried out employing Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast (lyophilized commercial). The yield ranges from 75 to 94%. Experiment conducted in the SSF configuration achieved 86.5% of cellulose to ethanol conversion in 14 hours. Experiment carried out in SHF configuration achieved 63.2% of cellulose to ethanol conversion in 37 hours. Experiments carried out in FB configuration reached larger amount of glucose with the same enzyme load employed in batch experiment and at the same time.
Istar: um esquema estrela otimizado para Image Data Warehouses baseado em similaridade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-08-26)
Anibal, Luana Peixoto
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Ciferri, Ricardo Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8382221522817502
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7589638896609246
A data warehousing environment supports the decision-making process through the investigation and analysis of data in an organized and agile way. However, the current data warehousing technologies do not allow that the decision-making processe be carried out based on images pictorial (intrinsic) features. This analysis can not be carried out in a conventional data warehousing because it requires the management of data related to the intrinsic features of the images to perform similarity comparisons. In this work, we propose a new data warehousing environment called iCube to enable the processing of OLAP perceptual similarity queries over images, based on their pictorial (intrinsic) features. Our approach deals with and extends the three main phases of the traditional data warehousing process to allow the use of images as data. For the data integration phase, or ETL phase, we propose a process to represent the image by its intrinsic content (such as color or texture numerical descriptors) and integrate this data with conventional data in the DW. For the dimensional modeling phase, we propose a star schema, called iStar, that stores both the intrinsic and the conventional image data. Moreover, at this stage, our approach models the schema to represent and support the use of different user-defined perceptual layers. For the data analysis phase, we propose an environment in which the OLAP engine uses the image similarity as a query predicate. This environment employs a filter mechanism to speed-up the query execution. The iStar was validated through performance tests for evaluating both the building cost and the cost to process IOLAP queries. The results showed that our approach provided an impressive performance improvement in IOLAP query processing. The performance gain of the iCube over the best related work (i.e. SingleOnion) was up to 98,21%.
Estudo de alterações metabólicas nos fungos endofíticos Penicillium brasilianum e Penicillium griseoroseum
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-08-26)
Silva, José Vinicius da
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Rodrigues Filho, Edson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3667941735597178
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2434474647454729
Microorganisms, known as being relatively simple, have shown a great adaptation power to different nutritional situations by changing their metabolism with lack or supply of nutrients in the culture medium. This feature allows a wide range of the use of microorganisms to produce metabolites with several interests. This study has been named OSMAC (One Strain Many Compounds) approach, which was applied in this study by using two fungi from Penicillium genus. Through culture medium modification with FeCl3 during growth of P. brasilianum, it was able to produce isoquinolinic alkaloid. On the other hand, the addition of CaCl2, another alkaloid belonging to tremogenic class was isolated and analysed by spectroscopic methods. When P. griseoroseum was cultivated with NH4Br, it was observed the production of a halogenated secondary metabolite, which was not reported before (brominated roquefortine C). Analyses by GC/MS led to detect three phenolic compounds with bromine atoms in its structure. The secondary metabolites of P. griseoroseum with no modification in the culuture medium were studied and three metabolites were isolated. Two of them belong to the tetronic acid class and the other one was isolated as a dimer from clavatol. Analyses by LC/ MS-MS were able to identify other tetronic acids in the ethyl acetate extract from P. griseoroseum.
Processos linguísticos na produção de textos: mecanismos de qualificação e relações intersubjetivas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-08-26)
Barros, Solange Christiane Gonzalez
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Onofre, Marilia Blundi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4908382415301882
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3171777102805120
This research intends to approach the language teaching and learning from an enunciative perspective based on the Theory of Predicative and Enunciative Operations from Antoine Culioli. Our theoretical option is due to the fact we take into consideration the relevance of working with the articulation between grammatical marks and text production/understanding. With the purpose of this achievement, we study the notion of qualification conveyed by different grammatical marks for which this role is traditionally ascribed. It is included, for example, adjectives, adjective locutions and adjective sentences. We are mainly interested in the processes of predication that involves this notion as we aim to show that these processes are evidences for intersubjectivity marks which uphold these productions of meaning. We also propose to demonstrate that this teaching approach for grammatical marks articulated with the semantic and discursive notions is a way to promote the linguistic and cognitive development in students.
Filtragem MAP 2-D de imagens CT ruidosas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-08-26)
Geraldo, Rafael José
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Mascarenhas, Nelson Delfino d'Ávila
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0557976975338451
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6243571041189627
Computed tomography has been widely used for medical diagnosis, since it allows viewing of internal parts of a body without overlapping structures. However, recent studies indicate a certain risk of cancer to the patients who undergo this type of examination due the radiation dose to which they are exposed. The purpose of this work is to develop new _ltering techniques in the CT image space, in order to provide a better quality to the images acquired with low radiation exposure to the patient. For noise reduction, a new denoising technique is developed based on a pointwise Maximum a Posteriori (MAP). The noise is considered Gaussian with zero mean, as observed experimentally, and the variance is estimated considering two cases: signaldependent noise and signal-independent noise. For the a priori density of the signal, we used di_erent non-negative probability densities (re_ecting the fact the pixels of an image are non-negative). In another approach, the histogram of the images were segmented into unimodal parts and each segment was _ltered using the _lter based on the MAP criterion with the a priori density that best _ts it. After _ltering, the evaluation of the method is performed using the following criteria: Mean Square Error, Improvement in Signal to Noise Ratio, Universal Image Quality Index and Structural Similarity Index. The 2D _ltering results are compared with the results obtained by pointwise Wiener _lter.
Uso de instrumentos de avaliação de riscos ergonômicos: teoria e prática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-08-26)
Souza, Viviani Cintra de
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Camarotto, João Alberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1427853773681255
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2583628524362262
In recent years, in Brazil, companies have shown a growing interest in developing actions to address ergonomic problems in working conditions related to health and productivity. This interest is due in part to the compliance requirements of working conditions to the legislation of the Ministry of Labor and Employment. To adapt working conditions to the legal conditions recommended the need arises to measure the conditioning factors of work activities, and consequently increases the demand for use of instruments to assess the ergonomic risks. The study aims to determine the contribution of risk assessment tools in the analysis of ergonomic conditions of work activity in steps of Ergonomic Work Analysis and use of these instruments in Brazil, by consulting firms and research institutions and extension in the area ergonomics in an attempt to establish the relationship between the objectives and content of the instruments and methods of analysis used in practice. The survey was conducted through a literature review, to determine the instruments and through a questionnaire, seeking, knowing the tools most used by Brazilian organizations to ergonomics. In the questionnaire some questions were addressed in order to know the work of organizations of ergonomics in Brazil: issues relating to training for professionals working with ergonomics, the main intervention activities and steps that develop, the factors related to the job consider during the intervention, the methodologies we use as reference and the instruments they use to ergonomic risk assessments. According to the systematic knowledge and accumulated in the literature on the use of tools to verify specific aspects of man's relationship with their work environment, it was observed that most concentrate their goals in the evaluation of factors related to the physical dimensions of the work. The research results allow us to conclude that the instruments are not sufficient to analyze the work during an ergonomic intervention. Thus, the formation of analysts with their different views and
Desenvolvimento de procedimentos metodológicos na prospecção de microalgas propícias para a produção de biodiesel
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-08-26)
Pepino, Rodrigo Fernando
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Vieira, Armando Augusto Henriques
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4428377384377272
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1295111902750887
The chemical compounds called triacylglycerides (TAGs) have been the main source for biodiesel. The isolation of high lipid yield microalgae is important for the success of algae biomass production for biodiesel and, therefore, a search not only for organisms that fulfill such profile, but also for techniques effective in rapid lipid detection is fundamental. A number of methodologies on the characterization of microalgae lipid production, such as FTIR and RMN spectroscopy and spectrofluorimetry using the Nile Red dye are presented in this study. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) technique have been largely used in biological system studies due to its rapid analysis, no pretreatment data gathering and easy biochemical characterization of intact cells. This study proposes a technical optimization of the FTIR technique for microalgae usage purposes as a practical approach for concomitantly prospecting large amounts of microalgae species with focus on biodiesel production. The Red Nile fluorescence has been successfully applied in microalgae lipid determination. In this research, the lipid (neutral) amount was determined by fluorescence in 430-570nm and a linear correlation established with the data gathered through gravimetry. After prospecting a number of species from the laboratory s stock cultures, the freshwater microalgae Scenedesmus sp (Clone MJ13) has been selected for study under traditional growth practices and under conditions of different nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations. The results showed a fast metabolic answer of Scenedesmus sp to the nutritional availability and the efficiency of the FTIR spectroscopy as a fast and reliable method for the determination of lipid production in a prospecting process.
Estudo de interações proteicas da Tiorredoxina Peroxidase Nuclear (nTPx) de Sacharomyces cerevisiae nos eventos de crescimento celular e silenciamento telomérico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-08-26)
Breyer, Carlos Alexandre
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Oliveira, Marcos Antonio de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7187775781809988
The thioredoxin peroxidase (Tpx) is a group of antioxidant proteins that has been widely studied due to its role in the decomposition of different peroxides such as H2O2, peroxynitrite and organic peroxides. The ability of peroxide decomposition by Tpx is related to the presence of a conserved cysteine called peroxidatic cysteine (CysP). Most Tpx has a second cysteine (resolving cysteine - CysR) which forms a disulfide with CysP after peroxide decomposition. In addition to the peroxidase activity, some Tpx have molecular chaperone activity and are also involved in signaling of cell growth induced by hydroperoxides. It has been demonstrated that the Tpx cytosolic isoform of Schizosaccharomyces pombe is able to interact directly with MAPK (Sty1) via mixed disulfide, which is stabilized when the CysR is replaced by a serine residue. Saccharomyces cerevisiae have a nuclear isoform of Tpx (nTPx) and review of the literature shows the importance of this protein in maintaining the telomere silencing and decomposition of organic peroxides in the nucleus. Scale proteomic studies using mass spectrometry and two-hybrid indicate the nTPx association with MAP kinases. However, despite its location and participation in biological processes of relevance, works related to nTPx are scarce. Scale proteomics studies reported the physical interaction between nTPx and Mec3, Gts1, Pc1 and Dog2. These proteins are related to cell signaling or maintenance of telomeric silencing. However, no specific studies were performed to confirm these interactions and if they are established by mixed disulfides. This study aimed to evaluate the interactions previously described in the literature between nTPx and Mec3, Pcl1, Dog2 and Gts1 through the expression and purification of these proteins and in vitro evaluation of interactions as well as in vivo tests using two-hybrid. Several efforts were made with different approaches, nevertheless it was impossible overexpression of Mec3, Pcl1, Dog2, indicating a toxic effect of these proteins on the strains used. Furthermore, we found great success in overexpression of nTPx and nTpxC112S (8 mg and 10 mg per liter of cell culture) in Eschericchia coli strain BL21 (DE3) C43. This is the first time that these proteins were expressed in native form. It was also possible to overexpress the Gts1 protein in the same strain. These results could lead for new approaches in future studies in order to determine these threedimensional structures, by methods such as X-ray crystallography or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Finally, the results obtainedusing the technique of two-hybrid yeast confirmed the interaction in vivo among nTPx and Mec3, Gts1, Dog2. However, opposing the results described in the literature, no interaction was detected between nTPx and PCL1, emphasizing the necessity of specific experiments in addition to the large-scale ones.
Proposta de sistema para a gestão da qualidade e da segurança de vegetais minimamente processados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-08-26)
Alvarenga, André Luis Bonnet
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Toledo, José Carlos de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421627326330417
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3555912710
The global need to ensure food quality and safety has always been a concern of primary producers, processors, distributors, consumers and governmental bodies. On the other hand, notified cases of food borne disease still cause a wide range of negative social and economic impacts worldwide. Current technology for production of Minimally Processed Vegetables (MPV) entails a series of critical steps, which can lead to product contamination by biological, chemical or physical hazards if adequate controls are not observed, and yielding potentially unsafe food products. Such concerns become even more important given that MPV`s production chains involve mostly small producers and/or enterprises in rural settings, which typically lack qualified training and specific skills. To address this challenge, the present work proposes a customized quality and safety management system for MPVs. Initially, an integrative literature search was conducted to cover topics such as quality management theory, food safety systems, MPV technology, and supply chain management as an initial step to direct a multiple case study. Field work was then performed for two MPV chains, involving a total of 18 observation units composed of rural producers, processors, shippers and distributors for retail or institutional markets, so that the system could be developed to meet the actual needs and requirements of MPV chains. Its guiding principle is the management of quality attributes of MPVs, as demanded by consumers, via the operational implications of these attributes throughout the production chain. The system also includes a performance evaluation protocol to ensure continuous process optimization. As a result, the system´s structure operates at a simple managing level, triggering systemic process vision and effective cooperation among stakeholders, while empowering them by their direct leadership and coordination of the system and ensuing processes. Finally, a working model for the proposed system is applied to minimally processed lettuce. In addition to being a tool to plan the implementation of quality and safety management protocols in this specific MPV chain, the system can also be used by MPV processors as a mainframe to guide their internal and supplier´s audits, as well as by retail and institutional companies.