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Desenvolvimento de um sistema de produção recombinante de uma cistatina em uma linhagem industrial de Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-09-09)
Nakayama, Darlan Gonçalves
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Fuentes, Andrea Soares da Costa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7234493834465420
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the most important microorganism used in alcoholic fermentation process. A strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae widely used to produce alcohol in Brazil is the PE-2, due to its high fermentation capacity. The goal of this study was to develop an expression system for recombinant proteins using the industrial strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, PE-2. The protein chosen to be used as a model for this system was the Cane-CPI-1, an inhibitor of cysteine protease. Initially the construction of plasmids containing CaneCPI-1 gene was performed and yeast cells were transformed with pYADE4-CaneCPI-1 construction. The transformed strain was submitted to expression analyses during batch fermentative process with cell recycle. The recombinant protein was expressed in yeast cells and it was possible to purify the recombinant protein by affinity chromatography on nickel column. This purified protein was immunodetected using a polyclonal anti-CaneCPI-1antibody and monoclonal anti His-Tag antibody, which were also able to detect the CaneCPI-1 in a crude extract from Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. Assays of inhibitory activity performed with the purified CaneCPI-1 revealed its ability to inhibit the catalytic activity of a cysteine proteinase. This study showed that the use of transformed strain did not affect the fermentation process and that the PE-2 industrial strain of S. cerevisiae can be a viable expression system for recombinant protein production and open perspectives for production of any protein of biotechnological applications during fermentation alcoholic process.
Avaliação de parâmetros e produção de materiais de referência de suplemento mineral para nutrientes e contaminantes inorgânicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-09-09)
Silva, Patricia Helena Toniolo da
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Nogueira, Ana Rita de Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7034773971317045
This paper was prepared a material candidate for reference material for mineral mixture for dairy cattle. Shape certain analytes Ca, K, Na, P, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mg, Zn and contaminants As, Cd and Pb The material was crushed, sieved until a particle size less than 80μm and packaged. A study was conducted in the best sample preparation through the use of factorial design, planning Doehlert and 4 in a closed system open system experiments. Through a principal component analysis, we chose to sample preparation that was used in 3 mL of HNO3 acid 3mol.L-1 and 1 mL of H2O2 in a closed system. Techniques of absorption and emission spectrometry were evaluated for the determination of analytes in each of the study. Form testing for between-bottle homogeneity and within-bottle homogeneity to check if the sample is homogeneous. Were also carried out tests in the short-term and long-term stability. The values assigned to each analyte were obtained by an interlaboratory collaborative program. In the end, the uncertainties were determined for each stage of preparation of candidate material and obtained expanded uncertainty pair each of the analytes under study.
Comportamento em fadiga da liga Ti-6Al-4V para uso biomédico com superfícies modificadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-09-09)
Potomati, Fernanda
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Alcântara, Nelson Guedes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3123107570992184
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Bolfarini, Claudemiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9231627080617037
Surface modification in implants is used, basically, to improve osseointegration, which is defined as the intimate contact between bone and implant material, without a soft tissue layer in the bone/implant interface. Titanium alloys, which are the most commonly used materials in the fabrication of hip stem, have an excellent biocompatibility. The surface modification of these materials can lead to a better osseointegration. The developments and studies of new modification processes are very dynamic and often related to biological aspects, for example, cellular growth on the modified surface. Studies regarding engineering and properties of the implant with modified surface are not up to date with the quickness of new processes developments and evaluation of these processes on cellular response. Since fatigue is a determinant property of implants, this study aims to evaluate the fatigue behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloy with modified surfaces by laser and anodic oxidation. Thus, axial fatigue tests were performed to obtain SxN curves (Stress x number of cycles) of cylindrical specimens, in the polished and surface treated conditions. Roughness measurements and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) were used to characterize the features of the modified surface. As a result, the modification by anodic oxidation, for the parameters used, did not affect the fatigue behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Unlike anodic oxidation, the laser surface modification performed in this work decreases by about 30% the limit of fatigue strength of the alloy.
Os princípios de psicologia de William James: compromissos e consequências de uma filosofia da ação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-09-10)
Bertoni, Paulo Gilberto
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Pinto, Débora Cristina Morato
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1311151012002541
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4296933977075708
This work analyzes the psychological texts of William James (1842-1910), specially his Principles of Psychology, published in 1890. We begin following an alternative itinerary of reading proposed by James in the preface of the book, which also allows us to understand how the New Psychology has influenced the construction of psychological field in 19th century. We present this in our first chapter trying to show what we call a theory of action. In the second chapter, the previous conclusions are articulated with James exposition of the thought as a stream and with his considerations of the Self. In the third, we investigate the relations between his psychology of cognition and his posterior epistemology. Finally, we postulate that The Principles must be understood as a psychology of action, which has its basis in a philosophy of action incorporated, consciously or not, by James. We emphasize onward the research the tension created between the dualistic point of view assumed by James and the conclusions suggested by a closer reading.
Aplicação de metodologias para análise e previsão do preço do fruto de açaí
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-09-13)
Eder, Karina
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Pessoa, José Dalton Cruz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4212703554284544
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5358203242004730
Açaí is the fruit of a palm tree found throughout the North of Brazil that has been gaining attention due to its high energetic potential, applications in pharmaceuticals, dentistry, medicine and food industries. So, consumers from all over Brazil and also from other countries are looking for the product, encouraging the extraction and the increase in planted area causing inflating the price. Being a market with strong growth can be invaluable for the agribusiness, producers and middlemen predict the price of fruit. Given this context, the objective of this study is to analyze and predict the price of açaí fruit sold at the Açaí Fair in Belém (Pará), through the following methodologies: time series, specifically ARIMA and SARIMA models and technical analysis using tracking trends and chart Candlestick. The series analysis showed that there is a growing trend of prices and annual seasonality. The results showed about forecast presented Root Mean Squared Error and Mean Absolute Percentage Error low. As for price trends, can be observed that the use of moving averages and MACD with the suggested parameters were the methods that best indicated the beginning of the season and offseason and were able to track the price change, being considered for use as an effective tool of aid in decision making. But the use of exponential moving averages and the intersection of three moving averages, and/or the method of Didi Index, showed that the tool can track the price change, but does not anticipate the entry of season or offseason, being ineffective for use in decision making. So, we conclude that the use of only method to predict the price can be ineffective to assist in decision making, and therefore requires the use a set of methods.
Biologia de Semiaphis dauci (Fabricius, 1775) e Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach, 1843) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) associados à Arracacia xanthorrhiza (Bancroft, 1825)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-09-14)
Takada, Hélio Minoru
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Silva, Carlos Roberto Sousa e
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4890369735136839
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1676907711772667
The aphids are limiting for various crops, and in the case of the horticulture crops, it has been a problem for the cultivation of Arracacia xanthorrhiza (Bancroft, 1825), the arracacha. This plant, of Andean origin, has been well adapted to these climatic conditions of Southeast Brazil and conquered many consumers, currently representing an important food source due to its taste and nutritional value, thus providing a considerable income to small farmers. It is largely cultivated in the South and Southeast regions in Brazil. Although this culture is considered rustic, aphids has been causing great damage to its development. In the present work, the influence of temperature on the development of Semiaphis dauci (Fabricius, 1775) and Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach, 1843) was studied. The nymphal development period of S. dauci and A. solani on A. xanthorrhiza was of 23.84 and 33.02 days at 10 °C and 6.7 and 10.04 days at 25 °C, respectively. The minimum thermal threshold of development for the nymphal stage of 4.59 and 4.33 °C, the thermal constant 138.12 and 142.86 degrees-days and the approximate upper limit temperature ranged from 25 to 28 and 27 °C, respectively. The life table parameters indicated that temperatures of 22.5 and 25 °C provided the best thermal conditions for the S. dauci population growth, resulting the highest value of intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm=0.15), the lowest average value of the generation of 10.38 and 8.47 days and the shortest doubling times for the population with 4.74 and 4.55 days, respectively. The observed biological aspects indicate that A. solani has great potential for the population growth and a preference for smaller temperatures than S. dauci, and can be considered a potential pest for A. xanthorrhiza. The infestation of S. dauci in this species also causes severe damage to the plant, nevertheless other factors such as formation of dense colonies, lower mobility, and the action of toxins and viruses may also involved.
Atividade metaloproteinases e propriedades físicas, químicas e biomecânicas de ossos de ratos tratados com cloreto de mercúrio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-09-15)
Dávila, Fernando Vidal
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Nonaka, Keico Okino
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7711249418825579
There are few data about the mercury influence on bone metabolism them it is important to investigate the bone parameters that can be affected by it. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biometric, physical, biomechanical and enzymatic (MMPs) bone alterations in adult rats contaminated with mercurous chloride (HgCl2) during their development. The animals were separated in 4 groups: 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. The animals received mercuric chloride (experimental group) and saline (control group) by stomach gavage. The treatment had begun on 30 days of animals life, 5 times a week during 60 days. The daily dose was 5mg/kg of body weight of HgCl2 and 0,1ml of saline /100g of body weight. The animals were weighted 3 times a week until the sacrifice day. After the period of contamination, the 3 months groups were sacrificed, while the other groups stayed without treatment to complete their ages (6, 9 and 12 months). The animals femurs, tibia and vertebras (L5) were dissected to be analyzed on biometric, biomechanical and enzymatic parameters. To statistical analyze it was used the normality test Shapiro-Wilk, the variance tes Two-way analysis (ANOVA) (for time and treatment), and the Tukey Test to do multiple comparisons using Graphpad Instat (version 3.00 December 1997). All the values were expressed as media ± standard error media and the significance level was p ≤ 0.05. There was a tendency of a percent increase of mineral material, mineral and bone density and of the maximum force of femurs sample on contaminated groups related to their respective controls. The contaminated animals showed difference on the maximum force of the vertebras, which the 6 months had a higher value than the 3 months group. It was higher MMP-2 activity on mercury group than on the saline group with the same age. The results showed that the HgCl2 on 5m/Kg dose, when related to the control group, did not present difference of biometric, biophysical and biomechanical parameters on bone tissue of rats in development. The HgCl2 contamination stimulated the MMP-2 activity at the end of the contamination period and remained until 6 months after the contamination.
CeO2 - 10% MOL Gd2O3: efeito da codopagem com X% MOL Sm2O3 (O5 X 52) na microestrutura e na condutividade elétrica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-09-16)
Araújo, Huyrá Estevão de
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Souza, Dulcina Maria Pinatti Ferreira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4100119317525940
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1803384161648735
Fuel cells are the most promising technology for producing clean energy. In particular, the Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) stands out among the various types due to high efficiency at high temperatures (800 ~ 1000°C) resulting in high cost for power generation. The operating temperature decreasing allows the use of non expensive materials and increases cell life time. One of the challenges for reducing the operating temperature is to increase the electrical conductivity of electrolytes. In this context, the ceria-based electrolytes are an alternative due to its high ionic conductivity at intermediate temperatures (500 ~ 650 °C). In this work, commercial powder of 10 mol% Gd2O3 doped Ceria was co-dopped with X% Sm2O3 (0
Efeitos do treinamento resistido sobre o estresse oxidativo no fígado de ratas ovariectomizadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-09-16)
Rodrigues, Maria Fernanda Cury
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Perez, Sergio Eduardo de Andrade
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9408953831211309
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8239825852579803
Estrogen deficiency is associated with increased oxidative stress (OS), which in turn is involved in the physiopathology of diseases such as fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Resistance training (RT) may reduce the oxidative damage by promoting an up-regulation in the antioxidant defence system. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effects of RT on OS markers in the liver of ovariectomized rats (Ovx). Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups (n = 8 per group): sham-operated sedentary (Sham-Sed), ovariectomized sedentary (Sed-Ovx), sham-operated resistance training (Sham-Rt) and ovariectomized resistance training (Ovx-Rt). During a 10-week RT period, the animals climbed a 1.1 m vertical ladder with weights attached to their tails; the sessions were performed three times a week, with 4-9 climbs and 8-12 dynamic movements per climb. The OS was measured by levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG), the enzymatic activity of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), the lipid peroxidation (LP), the concentration of vitamin E and gene expression of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). The estrogen deficiency associated with Ovx decreased in the GSH/GSSG ratio (28%), vitamin E concentration (45%), and gene expression of GSH-Px (49%). Moreover, the training induced negative changes in the hepatic anti-oxidative/oxidative balance, as evidenced by the increased TBARS levels (30%), as well as decreased GSH/GSSG ratio (19%) and vitamin E concentration (35%). These data indicate that the RT program adopted did not reverse the hepatic oxidative damage caused by Ovx; indeed, it increased hepatic OS.
Desenvolvimento de compósitos biodegradáveis a partir de amido termoplástico e fibras vegetais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-09-16)
Carmona, Vitor Brait
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Mattoso, Luiz Henrique Capparelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5839043594908917
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4982149954130302
This project had as main objectives to obtain and to develop new and biodegradable composites from renewable sources using a thermoplastic starch (TPS) matrix reinforced with different amounts of natural fibers, acuri, carandá and gravatá. Initially, these fibers were extracted and characterized, which are still unknown to the scientific community their potential use in composites. The characterization were realized by themorgravimetric analysis (TGA), tensile test, chemical characterization by determination of their main constituents and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and morphological and structural analysis by xray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The fibers had thermal stabilities similar to each other with their initial temperature of thermal degradation in the range of 250 °C. The fibers show a brittle behavior when subjected to tensile tests, and it were determined elastic moludus and tensile strength in the range of 13 to 50 GPa and 180 to 580 MPa, respectively and, both thermal and mechanical stability are in according to those conventional natural fibers. It was possible to determine the crystallinity index of the fibers by XRD, and SEM images show the fibers surfaces. Four composites formulations were obtained and processed based on four different fibers content (5%, 10%, 15% and 20% w/w), and were evaluated as a function of fiber content water absorption properties, thermal and mechanical stability, and morphological and structural characterization by SEM and XRD. The thermal stability and morphology of TPS homogeneous matrix weren t influenced by the presence of natural fibers, besides the absence of new crystalline structures by XRD. The presence of fibers reduced material water absorption. Mechanical properties such as elastic modulus and tensile strength increased with fiber content, especially at levels above 10% w/w, and the viscosity of the molten also have increased with fiber content. Overall, it was possible to extract and to characterize new natural fibers and use them in a TPS matrix, obtaining new biodegradable composites by conventional processing methods.
Nanotecnologia: indicadores tecnológicos sobre os avanços em materiais a partir da análise de documentos de patentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-09-19)
Milanez, Douglas Henrique
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Gregolin, José Angelo Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7842651773105125
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9233120345793647
Nanotechnology is a technological advance of several fields, regarded to be emergent, universal and diffuse field, involving mainly the development of nanomaterials, which can show different properties and behaviors. The possible impact in the society sustainable development becomes important the monitoring of nanotechnologies and nanomaterials in order to provide subsidies for planning and decision making. In this research, the advances in products, process and materials in nanotechnology and nanocelulose were mapped using patent indicators. The technological progress in nanotechnology was concentrated in 1999-2008, involving mainly China, Korea, USA and Japan. The most important domains in nanotechnology development were Chemistry- Materials and Eletronics-Eletricity, emphasizing the Semiconductors and Materials-Metallurgy subdomains. The largest patents holders in nanotechnology are mainly Asian, highlighting both companies and universities. In the Brazil, the nanotechnology developments were depended mainly on universities and research centers. To nanocelulose, Japan and USA were prominent and most of the patents applications were related to processing of cellulose pulp and the potential application of nanocelulose was associated to composites, paints, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and foods. No important patent documents of nanocellulose technologies were identified in recent years, although the patenting of universities increased. In Brazil, most of the patent documents in nanocelulose are in the public domain and technology developed by Brazilian focus on processes for obtaining nanocellulose from bacteria. The outcomes suggested that monitoring and technological forecasting research of nanotechnology is necessary a sectorial analysis. Furthermore, methodological improvements were designed through the automation of recovery, treatment and filtering of information, which allowed advances in monitoring and technological forecasting methodologies.
Estudo comparativo entre as tecnologias via úmida e via seca para a preparação de massas de porcelanatos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-09-20)
Melchiades, Fábio Gomes
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Boschi, Anselmo Ortega
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3259846931278607
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4469106561041487
Considering the growth of the Brazilian ceramic tiles sector and its expressivity in the global setting, the present work has been developed in order to evaluate the main differences related to the preparation of bodies compositions by dry and wet route technologies and then to contribute to the viability of the porcelain tiles fabrication by dry route. The dry route can be considered the greatest technological innovation of the Brazilian ceramic tiles industry. However, despite the importance of this route to ceramic tiles fabrication, just few scientific studies were performed in order to identify its advantages and disadvantages. At the same time, in the last ten years, the porcelain tiles production showed a large growth, related to the global tendency in the sector to the diversification of production. The porcelain tiles present excellent technical properties and aesthetics effects to allow the development of ceramic products with high added value. These products have shown good penetration on market segments that are not achieved by traditional ceramic tiles. To the development of the study, it was evaluated the influence of the technology of preparation of bodies compositions on several technological parameters of relevance to the ceramic tiles production, like the medium size and the particle and granules sizes distribution, the particle and granules shapes and the degree of mixture. After that, tests were performed related to the bodies chemical compositions, the conditions of milling and granulation by dry route, to identify the necessary adjustments to feasible the porcelain tile production by this route. The results interpretation allowed to understand the importance of the technological parameters evaluated, contributing for a critical evaluation of the feasibility of producing porcelain tiles by the dry route.
Desempenho de meios filtrantes na filtração de gases a altas pressões
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-09-21)
Tanabe, Eduardo Hiromitsu
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Coury, José Renato
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9778700143605069
The presence of residue in the transport of natural gas in pipelines may result in numerous losses for the gas companies, such as obstruction of measuring equipment, decrease in product quality, and reduction in the lifetime of equipment. A very efficient and inexpensive way for removal of particles is the use of gas filtration. Despite the wide applicability of filters, there are very few studies on natural gas filtration, due to their operating conditions, because they work at high pressures. Thus, research in this area is extremely important to obtain more information about this subject. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the behavior of different filter media used in gas filtration at high pressures. The particulate matter used was the phosphate concentrate and the filter media were polyester, polypropylene, cellulose and metal. The absolute pressure of the system varied from 93 kPa to 693 kPa and the volumetric flow from 14 l/min to 74 l/min in the permeability trials and the fluid used was compressed air. The system pressures of 193, 393 and 693 kPa were used in the filtration trials and the superficial gas velocity was kept constant at 0.05 m/s. The results showed that the permeability constants, k1 and k2, did not present significant variations with the increase in the system pressure, that is, the values tended to a constant value. Simulations to determine pressure drop using natural gas as fluid were performed considering that the permeability constants did not present large variations. The results indicated that the increase in system pressure resulted in greater filtering capacities for a given pressure drop. It was observed that the highest absolute pressure applied to the system (693 kPa) provided the lowest pressure drop at the filter for the same powder mass collected in the filtration trials. An analysis of the dust cakes porosity revealed that the increase in pressure resulted in more porous cakes which were less resistant to gas flow. Also, it was verified that the increase in the system pressure provided an increase in the fractional efficiency of the filters for particles smaller than 5 μm.
Juntos mais desiguais: um desejo de "nação" paulista não-realizado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-09-21)
Magri, Mailce
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Escudeiro, Richard Miskolci
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1623888309974862
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2069929216797979
Assuming that every nation is an imagined community concept created by Benedict Anderson in his book Imagined Communities I propose a discussion about the existence of different projects for the construction of a Brazilian nation, paying special attention to a "Sao Paulo state project". As guideline, I use the subaltern studies, which question the hegemonic centers' theoretical colonialism and the modernity dominant conceptions. This dissertation is based on the subaltern studies literature and on the selection of texts from the period chosen for this study: the years between 1870-1922. These analyses intend to show the existence of a "Sao Paulo project" for the nation, which demonstrates a "admiration" for the North- American racial segregation. This "admiration" was a common theme in many papers written after such project failed.
Produção, isolamento e identificação de metabólito com atividade citotóxica de cultura de Streptomyces carpaticus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-09-21)
Ferreira, Douglas
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Badino Júnior, Alberto Colli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6716019534474825
This study addresses the production, isolation and identification of the substance present in culture broth of Streptomyces carpaticus which showed high biological activity against human tumor cell lines HL-60 (promyelocytic leukemia), MDA-MB 435 (breast carcinoma ), HCT-8 (colon carcinoma), SF-295 (glioblastoma). Cultures of Streptomyces carpaticus in culture medium DSMZ 65 were performed in shake flasks. Initial bioassays of the culture broth extracts showed antiproliferative activity close to 100% inhibition against the tumor cell lines. In order to obtain greater volume of culture medium to isolate the compound of interest, bioreactor cultivations were performed in bioreactor with 12 L working volume. After microfiltration and ultrafiltration of the culture broth through a 0.22- micron and 3 kDa membrane filter, the retentate was then subjected to partitioning using different organic solvents (ethyl acetate and n-buthanol). The fractionation of the extracts was bioguided based on the bioassay results and on HPLC-DAD-MS analysis. The fractionations led to the isolation and identification of the cyclodepsipeptide Valinomycin as responsible for cytotoxic activity. In addition, the results showed the strain as isopalmitic acid producer. Values of inhibition concentration (IC50) obtained for the compound isolated from the broth, against various tumor cell lines, presented low values ranging between 2 and 10 ng.mL-1. The use of bench scale bioreactor, bioguided fractionation and mass spectrometry proved to be fundamental to the development of this study, because it was evidenced that the discovered compound responsible for the antiproliferative activity is produced at very low concentrations. The use of HPLC-DADMS/ MS by selective ion monitoring was able to propose a methodology to estimate Valinomycin production in four different culture media tested, an important result for future studies regarding the development of the production and purification process of Valinomycin by S. carpaticus.
Método de avaliação ambiental de conceitos de produtos baseado nas estratégias do DFE e no AHP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-09-26)
Ruy, Marcelo
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Alliprandini, Dário Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0656240596485093
The objective of the present thesis is to propose and structure a method for environmental evaluation of products concepts based on DfE Strategies and AHP. The focus is on physical products, mainly consumer durable goods and capital goods. The justification for this choice is that sustainability is a big issue today, and in particular: the urgency of approaching environmental problems; its strong relationship with product development; and the need of methods and tools for addressing environmental issues at the initial phases of product design, more specifically methods for environmental evaluation of product concepts, due to its scarcity in the literature. This objective was reached in two stages. Initially, the method was structured in phases, stages and activities arranged in an orderly manner. The method was built from DfE strategies related to the product physical dimensions and expressed by the use and consumption of material resources. DfE Strategies was condensed in evaluation criteria. These criteria was subsequently related to a products environmental typology and further grouped by degree of similarity, forming a hierarchy of environmental criteria to be used with AHP. Thus, we sought to create a method applicable to a wide range of physical products and whose aim is to guide the user, step by step, in the evaluation of the concept that better fulfills DfE criteria, taking the whole life cycle of the product into account. In the second stage, the practical utility potential of the method was assessed by means of interviews and questionnaires with product development practitioners from three companies and with one DfE consultant. As a result, it was concluded that the proposed method constitutes in a contribution to the development of environmental responsible products.
Busca de inibidores da catepsina K em plantas medicinais utilizadas no tratamento de doenças osteoarticulares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-09-26)
Silva, James Almada da
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Vieira, Paulo Cezar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8923844563320377
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9465211204304702
Ten herbs used in traditional medicine supported by literature for its effectiveness to osteoarticular diseases were selected to conduct a screening of inhibition activity against the cathepsin K, an important enzyme responsible for cleavage of collagen, the main constituent of extracellular matrix of cartilage and bone. Out of the ten herbs selected (ginger, saffron, camellia, cat s claw, mentrasto , moringa , babaçu , devil s claw, urtica e pequi ), one, gengibre (Z. officinale), should be highlighted by a high inhibitory activity of its extracts and fractions against cathepsin K and due to its ancient use as a therapeutic agent. From the dichloromethane fraction obtained of the crude extract of the rhizome of Z. officinale were isolated and identified 18 compounds (4-gingerol, 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, 6-shogaol, 8-shogaol, 10-shogaol, 6- paradol, 6-gingerdiol, methyl 6-gingerol, methyl 6-shogaol, diacetoxy-6-gingerdiol, methyl diacetoxy-6-gingerdiol, zingerone, gingerenone A, galanolactone, 3-acetoxy- 5-hydroxy-1,7-bis(4 -hydroxy-3 -methoxyphenyl)-heptane and hexahydrocurcumin). From the hexane fraction and essential oil were identified two monoterpenes and four sesquiterpenes. The most active compounds against cathepsin K were gingerols and shogaols with longer alkyl chain. Optimization of the separation of major compounds (6, 8 and 10-gingerol) and an overload study of C18 column was performed using HPLC, obtained as result dozens to hundreds of milligrams of each gingerol with high purity. Structural modifications of 6-gingerol were carried out and of the seven derivatives obtained 4 presented significant increase in inhibition of cathepsin K. Of all the compounds, three, SSi6, 10-gingerol, 6-shogaol, were selected for later tests: determinating of the mode the inhibition against cathepsin K, inhibition against cathepsin K and inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production, in cellular culture. The inhibitions determined were: partially noncompetitive, partially uncompetitive and complete uncompetitive for the SSi6, 10-gingerol and 6-shogaol, respectively. Excellent inhibition activity against the cathepsin K, in cellular culture, can be observed for SSi6 and 6-shogaol. In the inhibition assay of NO production, the 6- shogaol was the only compound that appeared as effective.
Métodos de categorização de atributos como instrumentos para melhoria de serviços: uma aplicação à iniciativa contribuinte da cultura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-09-29)
Zabotto, Cristina Nardin
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Hoffmann, Wanda Aparecida Machado
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7609135667093837
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7362849543730762
This study consists in the application of three market research methodology: The Importance- Performance Matrix and the traditional Kano methods of Attractive Quality and Mandatory and the modified Kano by fuzzy logic. These methods generally are applied to characterize and categorize attributes in order to provide an improvement in such services. As a real referential it was studied the initiative of the extension project Contribuinte da Cultura , managed by Foundation of Institutional Support to the Scientific and Technological Development of the Federal University of São Carlos. The project is an initiative without lucrative ends, focused on the feasibility to carry out cultural events for the public of the São Carlos city and region. In this work the three methods combination is explored as an integrate approach of collection and data analyses, aiming at the biggest information details in the process of decision making. The Matrix Importance-performance, proposed by Martilla and James (1977), relates the importance of each one of the main characteristics associates to a product or service with the performance of each one of them, under consumer point of view. The traditional Kano methods (KANO, 1984) or modified Kano (LEE E HUANG, 2009) provides characteristics categorization in: must-be attributes (which are basics and mandatory in a product/service), unidimentional attributes (that they are those were the satisfaction of the customer is proportional to its level of performance) and attractive attributes (which are considerate the key for the customer satisfactions). The complementary analysis applying Kano method modified for the fuzzy logic was incorporated by presenting results more complete when comparative with the tradition method. The application of the three methods in the research involving 320 participants or not of extension project of Contribuinte da Cultura of the Federal University of São Carlos supplied to subsidies the improvement and magnifying of the target of the project, by means of the attainment of referring information to the perceptions of the characteristics observed for the contributors and not contributing of the extension project. This study showed that the considered methods assist for being used as instruments for the conduction and reinforcement of projects such as the Contribuinte da Cultura . Thus, the research indicated the extension project managers should keep their efforts on the characteristics free events , constant frequency in performing events , discount for contributor in events , uninterrupted electronic publicizing , shows with renowned personalities , shows with capacited artists out of the media , shows with local and regional talents , and projects in association between university and community , since those characteristics were classified as attractive or 8 unidimentional and presents well performance in the opinion of the most associate. Meanwhile the characteristic projects directed to the needy community of the city also it was evaluated as unidimentional, but it didn t result in higher performance.
Controle de estímulos e formação de classes de estímulos equivalentes em crianças e em indivíduos com Síndrome de Down
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-09-30)
Grisante, Priscila Crespilho
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Rose, Julio Cesar Coelho de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3386857761295187
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5819921002758483
Two studies evaluated emergent stimulus-stimulus relations and selection and rejection controlling relations. Study 1 evaluated controlling relations after two types of conditional discrimination training: standard matching-to-sample (MTS) tasks and tasks using the blank comparison MTS. Participants were five preschool children and two adults and one child with Down syndrome. Two conditions were employed. Condition I involved standard twocomparisons MTS. Condition 2 used mask procedure (or blank comparison procedure) to produce select and reject relations. Both conditions trained AB and BC relations, assessed emergent relations AC and CA and employed new stimulus probes to assess selection and rejection controlling relations in each taught conditional discrimination. Condition 2 also evaluated stimulus class expansion after teaching CD. All participants showed one-node emergent relations. Seven showed class expansion. However, some participants showed positive results for equivalence immediately, others, delayed emergence or yet only after resumption of training with new sets of stimuli. New stimulus probes results showed variability initially, possibly indicating experience with the task as important variable. Novelty control predominated in some cases. Study 2 assessed whether employing new stimulus probes at different stages of the procedure (after conditional discrimination training or after tests for emergent relations) would produce different patterns of responding. Six children were taught two sets of conditional discriminations (BC / AB and EF / ED, in that order). Half of the participants had new stimulus probes after each trained relation for the first stimulus set and after equivalence tests for the second set of stimuli. The other half of participants had this order reversed. Three participants showed equivalence for both sets of stimuli. The stage of new stimulus probes application did not alter the probe results. Taken together, the results of both studies suggest that performance on new stimuli probes is not related to performance on tests for equivalence class formation.
Desenvolvimento de métodos para fracionamento de proteínas e metaloproteínas em carne bovina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-09-30)
Carapelli, Rodolfo
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Nogueira, Ana Rita de Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7034773971317045
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1694381993816893
This thesis aimed the fractionation of metalloproteins in beef samples. To this purpose initially it was proposed a method for extraction of proteins using the sample extractor in buffered alkaline medium and surfactant solutions. After optimization were observed approximately 85% extraction efficiency and r.s.d. < 5%, showing the efficiency, reproducibility, simplicity and velocity of the method. After that, the experimental conditions for the fractionation of metalloproteins were evaluated. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) were used for physical-chemical separation and mass spectrometry and optical emission inductively coupled argon plasma (ICP OES and ICP-MS, respectively) as detection methods. The analytes Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg and Zn were evaluated; however, Mg was not detected in any condition of the study. To obtain a condition of appointment of detection for the other four elements, it was chosen to use less energy plasma conditions in ICP-MS (cool plasma), in order to avoid isobaric interference emanating from the plasma when the determination of the elements Ca and Fe. Finally, samples of meat with different maturation stages were analyzed by PAGE and HPLC-ICP-MS. Approximately 17 protein bands could be observed by PAGE and the band of 43 kDa was the more intense. Some peaks were detected for each element by HPLC size exclusion. All items showed at least a fraction above the dead volume of the column, Fe and Zn, and this fraction, also showed a fraction of 17 and 27 kDa respectively.