Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2011-09-30"

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Controle de estímulos e formação de classes de estímulos equivalentes em crianças e em indivíduos com Síndrome de Down
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-09-30)
Grisante, Priscila Crespilho
;
Rose, Julio Cesar Coelho de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3386857761295187
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5819921002758483
Two studies evaluated emergent stimulus-stimulus relations and selection and rejection controlling relations. Study 1 evaluated controlling relations after two types of conditional discrimination training: standard matching-to-sample (MTS) tasks and tasks using the blank comparison MTS. Participants were five preschool children and two adults and one child with Down syndrome. Two conditions were employed. Condition I involved standard twocomparisons MTS. Condition 2 used mask procedure (or blank comparison procedure) to produce select and reject relations. Both conditions trained AB and BC relations, assessed emergent relations AC and CA and employed new stimulus probes to assess selection and rejection controlling relations in each taught conditional discrimination. Condition 2 also evaluated stimulus class expansion after teaching CD. All participants showed one-node emergent relations. Seven showed class expansion. However, some participants showed positive results for equivalence immediately, others, delayed emergence or yet only after resumption of training with new sets of stimuli. New stimulus probes results showed variability initially, possibly indicating experience with the task as important variable. Novelty control predominated in some cases. Study 2 assessed whether employing new stimulus probes at different stages of the procedure (after conditional discrimination training or after tests for emergent relations) would produce different patterns of responding. Six children were taught two sets of conditional discriminations (BC / AB and EF / ED, in that order). Half of the participants had new stimulus probes after each trained relation for the first stimulus set and after equivalence tests for the second set of stimuli. The other half of participants had this order reversed. Three participants showed equivalence for both sets of stimuli. The stage of new stimulus probes application did not alter the probe results. Taken together, the results of both studies suggest that performance on new stimuli probes is not related to performance on tests for equivalence class formation.
Desenvolvimento de métodos para fracionamento de proteínas e metaloproteínas em carne bovina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-09-30)
Carapelli, Rodolfo
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Nogueira, Ana Rita de Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7034773971317045
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1694381993816893
This thesis aimed the fractionation of metalloproteins in beef samples. To this purpose initially it was proposed a method for extraction of proteins using the sample extractor in buffered alkaline medium and surfactant solutions. After optimization were observed approximately 85% extraction efficiency and r.s.d. < 5%, showing the efficiency, reproducibility, simplicity and velocity of the method. After that, the experimental conditions for the fractionation of metalloproteins were evaluated. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) were used for physical-chemical separation and mass spectrometry and optical emission inductively coupled argon plasma (ICP OES and ICP-MS, respectively) as detection methods. The analytes Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg and Zn were evaluated; however, Mg was not detected in any condition of the study. To obtain a condition of appointment of detection for the other four elements, it was chosen to use less energy plasma conditions in ICP-MS (cool plasma), in order to avoid isobaric interference emanating from the plasma when the determination of the elements Ca and Fe. Finally, samples of meat with different maturation stages were analyzed by PAGE and HPLC-ICP-MS. Approximately 17 protein bands could be observed by PAGE and the band of 43 kDa was the more intense. Some peaks were detected for each element by HPLC size exclusion. All items showed at least a fraction above the dead volume of the column, Fe and Zn, and this fraction, also showed a fraction of 17 and 27 kDa respectively.
Otimização do processo de mineralização de compostos orgânicos utilizando sistemas eletro-Fenton e fotoeletro Fenton por irradiação UV artificial e solar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-09-30)
Almeida, Lucio César de
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Bocchi, Nerilso
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5930614700886481
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6233656045399753
Electrochemical advanced oxidation processes based on the Fenton s reaction, such as electro-Fenton (EF) and photoelectro-Fenton (PEF) using artificial and solar UV irradiation were employed in the treatment of effluents containing organic compounds (the textile dye AR 29 acid red 29, the drug paracetamol and the herbicide MCPA 2-methyl-4- chlorophenoxyacetic acid). Furthermore, kinetic studies of degradation of these compounds were performed, using factorial design in order to analyze simultaneously the influence of the parameters current, initial concentration of the catalyst Fe2+ and pH as well as the response surface methodology in order to optimize the experimental conditions. Finally, chromatographic techniques were also used for identification and quantification of the intermediates of the degradation process, among which aromatic compounds, carboxylic acids and inorganic ions. For the three investigated compounds, it was found that the main oxidant was the hydroxyl radical, OH produced by the Fenton s reaction between the catalyst Fe2+ added and the H2O2 electrogenerated by the O2 reduction at the surface of the diffusion air cathode as well as by the photolysis of hydroxylated Fe3+ species. Additionally, the use of the UV radiation, either by artificial or solar source, promoted the fast removal of Fe3+ complexes formed with carboxylic acids which were not actually removed by the OH radical. In the case of AR 29 dye, the highest efficiency was obtained for the PEF process (TOC total organic carbon removal of 95%), followed by EF process; the anodic oxidation presented the lowest performance. For paracetamol and MCPA, investigated only by the PEF process, values of TOC removal of 75 % and 74 % for the optimal conditions at 120 min electrolysis were obtained, respectively. Moreover, MCE mineralization current efficiency values of 71% for paracetamol and 72% for MCPA with EC energy consumption values of 93 kW h kg-1 TOC (7.0 kW h m-3) and 87.7 kW h kg-1 TOC (6.6 kW h m-3) were obtained, respectively. Finally, using distinct liquid chromatography techniques in order to identify and quantify the generated intermediates, plausible mechanisms for degradation of the three investigated compounds up to their complete conversion to CO2 and water were proposed.
Efeito de absorção em espalhamento de elétrons por molécula de formaldeido
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-10-02)
Ferraz, Jorge Ronan
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Machado, Luiz Eugenio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1364862671456515
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1788681502536563
This master's project's main objective is to study the effects of absorption in the elastic scattering of electrons by molecules of formaldehyde (CH2O). We calculated differential cross sections (SCD), integral cross sections (SCI) and cross sections for momentum transfer (SCTM) for elastic scattering and total cross sections (SCT) and cross sections of total absorption (SCAT) for incident electron energies in the range 0.2 to 500 eV. The absorption effects were included using a complex optical potential to describe electron-molecule interaction. The imaginary part of this potential corresponds to an absorption potential. In our calculations the potential to absorb a potential model used was proposed by our group in 2007 and known in literature as SQFSM (scaled quasi-free scattering model). This optical potential was used in the numerical solution of the Lippmann-Schwinger equation to obtain the wave functions of the continuum describing the incident and scattered electrons, which are used to calculate scattering amplitudes and the corresponding cross sections. The numerical solution was obtained by the technique of Padé approximants of the combined use of the method of partial wave expansion. The strong permanent electric dipole of the target leads to a well-known difficulty of convergence of these expansions, outlined in our study by using the technique of complementation using the First Born approximation. Our results highlight the importance of including absorption effects in the study of elastic e--CH2O collisions. In general, such effects are associated with loss of elastically scattered electrons flow due to the opening of inelastic processes that compete with the elastic process. So they arise whenever the incident electron energy is sufficient to excite electronically the target, but its relevance to the elastic process depends on the target under study. In the case of formaldehyde molecule, the energy for the first excited state (ã3A2) is 3.45 eV and the first ionization potential is 10.88 eV. Despite these values, our calculations show that the inclusion of the absorption potential for does not significantly alter the values of the various cross section to energies up to 15 eV, but from this value leads to a reduction in the values of SCD, such reduction grows with energy until the range between 100 and 200 eV, which reaches about 50% and decreases for energies above them. viii Our results were compared with several theoretical and experimental results available in literature. Unfortunately the only published experimental reports measurements of SCD in the range 0.4 to 2.6 eV. On the other hand, there are several theoretical studiies published that report cross sections for energies up to 80 eV. In general our results agree well with literature data.
Uma abordagem, baseada na integração de arquétipos a mensagens HL7, para a comunicação de aplicações ubíquas no cuidado de saúde pervasivo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-10-03)
Menezes, Anderson Luiz
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Souza, Wanderley Lopes de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3742302894743620
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5885201333343965
Due to the problems faced in Healthcare, this is heading towards a paradigm shift. This change suggests that the care is no longer focused exclusively on large hospitals and into the hands of specialized professionals. Thus, the goal is to distribute the Healthcare, making the patient play a key role in the process. Hence, the Pervasive Healthcare intends to provide the distribution of the model through the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), enabling access to Healthcare anywhere and anytime. The creation of Pervasive Healthcare environments brings different challenges, which include the variety of devices to access information and the diversity of Hospital Information Systems (HIS) that may constitute such environment. In this context, the interoperability appears to be a fundamental requirement, since the information should be shared regardless of the existing heterogeneities. Aiming to provide this interoperability, different standards were set in order to facilitate the interaction between heterogeneous HISs. Some examples of these standards are the communication protocols developed by the Health Level Seven (HL7) committee, which are exclusive to the Healthcare domain. However, the standards set by the HL7 committee bring deficiencies to the clinical concepts representation and also has a relatively complex development process. An alternative to the knowledge representation in Healthcare is the use of archetypes, which are pieces of knowledge that show how to represent concepts or information of a given domain via computable expressions. Thus, this work presents an approach that integrates archetypes to HL7 v3 messages, for the communication of ubiquitous applications in Pervasive Healthcare. With the help of Model Driven Development, a process, which consists of activities designed to assist developers in adopting these standards, is defined. This approach makes use of modeling and partial code generation for simplifying and turning the development of the messages used in the environment more intuitive. The combination of these technologies enables an already established communication standard to improve its semantic quality, thus contributing to the achievement of the interoperability.
Análise da gestão do processo de desenvolvimento de produtos em empresas fornecedoras de bens de capital para o setor sucroalcooleiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-10-07)
Onoyama, Marcia Mitiko
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Toledo, José Carlos de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421627326330417
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8255254554872239
This thesis aims to analyze the product development process (PDP) management of companies, medium and large sized, from São Paulo State that manufactures capital goods for sugar alcohol sector. The field research included quantitative (survey) and qualitative (case studies) procedures. In the first part, it was collected data through in loco interviews with a sample of 31 companies. The data were analyzed in order to characterize these companies, to test possible correlations between the characteristics of PDP management and the results of PDP performance and to cluster companies with similar characteristics in terms of formalized PDP activities. The correlation analysis identified that the presence of formal mechanisms for evaluating and selecting projects, the quality of strategic and operational PDP activities, the PDP team structure, multi-functional integration, the company's ability to design new products, the team leader s ability to design new product, the existing training programs and monitoring of the personnel involved in the PDP and the use of methods and tools to support the PDP operational dimension, may favor the results of PDP performance. Cluster analysis generated three clusters, depending on the formalization of PDP activities. In general, it is observed that companies have more structured the operational dimension of PDP management than the strategic dimension, in terms of formalized procedures and employed methods and support tools. To deepen the understanding of the practices and the knowledge of strategic dimension in these companies, the second part of the study comprised case studies in seven companies, selected according to cluster analysis. In general, efforts on activities of identifying real opportunities for new products (concrete case) and individual proposals analysis are verified in these companies, focusing mainly on short and medium term. In addition, there is limited use of methods and tools to support the strategic dimension of PDP management, related to the planning and decision making. Only large companies, auxiliary equipment suppliers of electric and electronic technology, works with a long-term horizon (5 to 10 years) in the elaboration of the planning of new products projects portfolio. The confrontation between the theoretical framework on the PDP management and field research were allowed to develop recommendations to strengthen the strategic dimension of PDP management in these companies.
Vacinas recombinantes contra erisipela suína: desenvolvimento integrado de bioprocesso, da biologia molecular ao biorreator
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-10-11)
Silva, Adilson José da
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Giordano, Roberto de Campos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0834668419587001
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3447469350644179
Swine erysipelas is among the diseases that causes great economic losses in swine cultures worldwide. The disease is caused by the bacterium Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, and the surface protein SpaA is one of its main antigens. Herein, we report studies concerning the development of recombinant vaccines against swine erysipelas based on the SpaA antigen. Protein production for a subunit vaccine formulation was studied in shaken flasks and 5.0 L bioreactors. For this propose, a 1026 bp fragment of the spaA gene was cloned in Escherichia coli cells under the lac promoter control. The recombinant organism (E. coli BL21(DE3) pET28a_spaA) was cultivated in fed batch using complex medium with glycerol as carbon source. Nonconventional induction strategies were evaluated and high protein yield (198 mgprot/gDCW) and productivity values (0.4 gprot/L.h) were reached. The same antigen was cloned for expression and secretion in attenuated Salmonella typhimurium cells to obtain a live bacterial vector for the SpaA antigen. The recombinant lineage was able to express and secrete the SpaA fragment fused to the alpha-hemolysin secretion signal both in vitro and in vivo. High plasmid maintenance was observed in both conditions. The vaccinal vehicle showed to be able to colonize the Peyer patches and to invade the gut epithelial barrier in the inoculated animals. Immunization tests in murine model showed that the recombinant antigen delivered by Salmonella cells inoculated by oral route induced the production of seric IgG antibodies anti-SpaA. According to the literature, these antibodies must be able to promote pathogen opsonization in case of infection, contributing to confer a protective immunity against swine erysipelas to the vaccinated animals. In summary, this work presents contributions to development of subunit vaccines against swine erysipelas, in the form of recombinant protein formulations, or SpaA antigen delivery by attenuated S. typhimurium cells.
Formação ambiental na escola do campo: uma análise documental sob o olhar do ecoletramento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-10-11)
Silva, Claudionor Renato da
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Freitas, Denise de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7438095735800337
Ecological sustainable environmental formation is in the basis of public education policy on country Education so that socioenvironmental questions become part of the curriculum, therefore, of the syllabus. In this theoretical documental investigation we inquire about the ways this proposal of environmental formation occurs in a country school in São Paulo state. We have adopted the perspective of ecoliteracy to understand this formation. The following documents were object of study: the School Pedagogical Project, the Teacher s Plan and the Class Diary of the 5thgrade of an elementary school. After the pre-analysis, a preliminary analysis was carried out indicating: (1) the context of production of the document; (2) the author/authors; (3) authenticity reliability of documents; (4) the nature of the text; (5) key concepts and internal logic of the text. The next step was an interpretive analysis with the objective to identify and to configure how environmental formation is processed in a country school. The results indicated the presence of the environmental formation discourse that reveals itself by means of key elements (words and sentences) that dialogue with the bases of ecoliteracy. These elements pervade the discourse of the Pedagogical Project but in the Teacher s Plan and in the Class Diary that are perspectives to guide the pedagogic actions directly we observed a more specific presence of Science and Geography. We can infer that as the Pedagogical Project has a more comprehensive and ideological discourse according to the directions of environmental formation, such as recommended in public policy on country education, the environmental discourse elements are more explicit and orderly . In the other two documents, even if one of them focuses technical and organic aspects of curriculum (Teacher Plan) and the other is the mirror of daily classroom routine (Class Diary) the discourse of environmental formation becomes less dense and more fragmented. The research question is answered at the same time that it places the ecoliteracy not only as a perspective for environmental formation in country Education but as a possible, theoretical and methodological construct for the curriculum.
A nova concepção da iniciação científica nas IFES: um estudo de caso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-10-11)
Bedendo, Carolina
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Silva Junior, João dos Reis
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7470123176068422
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5435171041429895
This paper examines some of the key elements that make up the field of scientific studies on the specificity of initiation of the course of Production Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), which tend to characterize it as a space where tend is the production of knowledge potentially productive. As proposed objectives for the study, we sought to understand the reasons that lead students to seek the inclusion in the practice of undergraduate research, and understand how knowledge is produced in the research activities of graduate scholars in the field of Production Engineering. In this sense, we seek here to investigate the functionality of the CNPq as a promoter of research through their edicts, in close relationship with the state policy, and the major resolutions that regulate the Institutional Program for Scientific Initiation Scholarships (PIBIC). Then we analyze how its specific UFSCar, objective in their practice the main changes that have been taking shape in higher education as a result of the changing historical rationality imposed their culture through state action.Thus, we draw here an analysis which shows that the construction of knowledge, especially that which is funded within the public university and here in the context of undergraduate research in the field of Production Engineering, aims to produce values for the capital, to increase the intellectual capital of the productive sector and deepen its competitiveness in the face of national and international markets. To this end, the university has changed its historic identity and responds to policies formulated at the national level that allocates Science and Technology (S&T) as the axis of development of the country. In this way, students are realizing their education in pursuit of a certain social prestige that research can give them, according to testimonies collected in interviews in order to turn their expectations in achieving a place in graduate school or in a prominent place in labor market, as a reward for intensified work in the dynamics of research
Desenvolvimento e estudo da estabilidade de nanoemulsões do tipo óleo em água com óleos vegetais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-10-11)
Rosani, Leandro
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Bulhões, Luis Otavio de Sousa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7506509328482102
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1852651752723567
A low energy emulsification method was used to prepare o/w emulsions of sweet almond or Brazil nut oils stabilized by Tween 80 and Span 80. Stable nano emulsions with droplet size of 160 nm and 270 nm were obtained for almond and Brazil nut oils, respectively, under critical hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB). A correlation between emulsions viscosity and particle size allows a precise HLB determination for the oils. The main destabilization mechanism for the emulsions prepared with sweet almond oil was found to be Ostwald ripening that change to coalescence for the emulsion with oil content higher than 10% w/w and HLB higher than 10.
Análise das interações professor-aluno com Paralisia Cerebral no contexto da sala de aula regular
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-10-14)
Lima, Vivian Caroline de
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Toyoda, Cristina Yoshie
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5872141115382552
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8982823736195854
The current literature in the area of Special Education that deals with the process of inclusion of a person with special needs in social spheres has been shown that such a process is still rooted only in the theories and laws that proclaim it, that is, the theories and daily actions are strongly disconnected. Nevertheless, the school is still considered a privileged social environment where the cultural and social identities and the complete formation of the citizen are built up through actions and the interaction between the subjects. Considering the importance of the relationship between the teacher and the student in the process of building up an education that aims for the complete development of the students, the aim of this study was to analyze how the interactions between the teacher and the student with Cerebral Palsy that occurred in both the teaching and learning process have been constituted in the context of the mainstream classroom, regarding the obstacles when it comes to pedagogical inclusive practices directed to this student. The participants in this research were two teachers of two mainstream elementary schools of a city located at the central region of São Paulo State and two female students with Cerebral Palsy who are regularly enrolled. The methodology was guided through weekly observation which lasted four months, based on a structured schedule, registration of collected information through filming and writing of a diary, and analysis of collected data. The results showed differences in relation to the number of interactive episodes that occurred in each school, as well as to the content and the situation in which they occurred, and to the kind of action taken by the participants. In conclusion, the research showed that the interaction teacher-student may contribute in the positive way to the learning of students with Cerebral Palsy from the viewpoint of the inclusive education, besides the problems pointed in the context of both schools.
Propriedades óticas e de transporte em heteroestruturas semicondutoras contendo GaMnAs
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-10-14)
Rodrigues, Daniel Henrique
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Gobato, Yara Galvão
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7558531056409406
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4205849115687383
In this work, we have investigated Ga1-xMnxAs/GaAs/AlAs quantum wells (QWs) with low Mn concentration (x < 0.1%) grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy at substrate temperatures of 400 and 450°C. We have investigated the time-resolved and polarized resolved photoluminescence as a function of laser power excitation, temperature and magnetic field for samples of 4nm and 6nm QW width. The emission spectra of the 4nm QW show two emission bands. The lower band energy presented a distinct behavior with a relatively long decay-time that may be associated to a spatial- and momentum-indirect recombination involving an electron from the AlAs layer and a hole at the GaMnAs QW. The higher energy band was associated to the direct transition in the GaMnAs QW. On the other hand, a wider, is also observed at high Mn concentration for the both QW widths. This band is due to donor-bound exciton emission from shallow donors, Mn interstitial, in the QWs. Our results show that circular polarization degree is very sensitive to the Mn concentration and QW width. In addition, we have also investigated the transport and optical properties of p-i-n AlAs/GaAs/AlAs double barrier resonant tunneling diodes (RTD) with a Ga0,95Mn0,05As top-layer contact and an InGaAs QW in the n-doped GaAs contact side. A reference sample with similar design, except that the magnetic layer was replaced by a C-doped GaAs was also investigated. The spin polarization in this samples was investigated by measuring the I(V) characteristic curves and circular-polarized electroluminescence (EL) and photoluminescence (PL) spectra as a function of the applied voltage and a magnetic field parallel to the tunneling current. We have observed clear evidence of hole resonances in the I(V) characteristic curves for both samples at 2K. The EL and PL intensities from both the GaAs and InGaAs QWs show a clear correlation with the resonances in the I(V) characteristics curves for both samples. The circular polarization degree from the GaAs and the InGaAs QWs attain large values and are more sensitive to the bias voltage in the Mn-doped sample. We have observed a polarization degree up to ~-80% for the GaAs QW emission from the magnetic RTD under 15T and 2K. Under light excitation, holes are photocreated in the non-magnetic side and injected along the structure, which strongly affects the degree of circular polarization of the carriers.
A leitura e a formação inicial de professores de espanhol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-10-14)
Faquinelli, Jane
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Paula, Sandra Regina Buttros Gattolin de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9228036521343293
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4553628351570420
El objetivo de este estudio es conocer y comprender las concepciones de lectura presentes en los documentos oficiales que regulan y organizan la enseñanza secundaria y los cursos superiores de la carrera de profesorado en letras en Brasil (particularmente, el profesorado en lengua española), además de buscar qué relaciones existen entre las concepciones de lectura en estos documentos y las concepciones de lectura de los docentes formadores de profesores y de los estudiantes de profesorado. Para alcanzar tales objetivos, hemos analizado los documentos: (colocarlos en portugués, pues no hay traducción de ellos al español). Las concepciones de lectura de los participantes de la investigación se recogieron a través de cuestionarios respondidos por dos públicos: docentes del curso de profesorado en letras- español y estudiantes de último año del curso de profesorado en letras-español. Los datos demuestran que hay diferentes concepciones de lectura entre los documentos y los participantes de la investigación. Se nota que, a pesar de que los documentos presenten nuevas teorías sobre lectura, la implementación de ellas es bastante difícil una vez que en la propia formación docente no hay la práctica de tales teorías.
Os sentidos de língua portuguesa no vestibular da FUVEST
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-10-15)
Santos Júnior, Gilberto Egydio dos
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Silva, Soeli Maria Schreiber da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8794598988783452
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2312128630465009
The present work entitled "The meaning of the Portuguese language in the college entrance exam FUVEST" intends to analyse the designation of the Portuguese language by means of a semantical study. FUVEST was created in 1976/77 under a linguistic paradigm, adopting a linguistic variation approach in opposition to the traditional grammar test. Based on the test statements as a corpus, it will be discussed how meanings are created between standard language and its variations. Thus it will be possible to notice how the Portuguese language has been having its meaning established in Brazil´s main college entrance exam.
A implantação da APA de Itupararanga e seus reflexos nas políticas públicas e na conservação dos recursos naturais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-10-17)
Bernardi, Iara
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Pires, José Salatiel Rodrigues
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Santos, André Cordeiro Alves dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2131880667704281
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5383772369589377
The APA of Itupararanga has been created in 1998 and brougt together the following municipailities areas´s: Alumínio, Cotia, Votorantim, Vargem Grande Paulista, Mairinque, São Roque, Piedade e Ibiúna. It is a very important conservation unit in the regional context, because it was created to conserve the main source of fresh water of almost 1 million people, Itupararanga Reservoir. The following research aims to measure the APA´s effectiveness and their effects in the local public s policies. For this were evaluated the municipal master plans and its intersections with the APA´s management plan, the plan´s process of elaboration and the conflicts with the zonig of the conservation unit. Moreover, the search intended to evaluate the impacts of APA´s deployment in the region using some indicators as: population growth, sewage treatment, water quality, use and land cover, environmental crimes and the hidrology of the reservoir. The municipal master plan´s elaboration showed little popular participation and interrelationship with the APA, that resulted in 12 conflicts of use and land cover between the APA´s zoning and that proposed in the master plans that covers 20% of APA´s area. The environmental indicators allow us to conclude that the APA did not exert positive influence on environmental quality in the region. The historical analysis of the APA situation allowed us to elaborate proposals for revision of master plans and mechanisms for environmental management in the region to achieve the maintenance of environmental quality and sustainable development development.
O ambiente como contexto para o ensino das transformações químicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-10-17)
Silva, Eliana Eduardo da
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Marques, Clélia Mara de Paula
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0451284088402660
Through the difficulties that were found in the educational process of Chemistry, nowadays, and in a situation which school contents are not related with students life, this study investigated the contributions of problematic situations in the study of chemical transformations based on the CTS proposal. To achieve the propose of this study, some social- scientific questions related to the hydrosphere as a theme for the contextualization of teaching the chemical transformations, based on CTS approach, were presented to the students. A lot of didactic methodologies and proposals were studied in the attempt of looking for an improvement in the process of learning the chemical contexts, through a qualitative search. The students from the second year of high school from ETEC Prof. Alcidio de Souza Prado, attended dialogued classes based on the discussion of some articles from the magazine Quimica Nova na Escola . They joined into two experimental activities (the treatment of water and the production of homemade soap). Those activities went to a presentation of some problematic situations, through a newspaper Jornal do Meio Ambiente (Environment newspaper). The analysis showed that the interaction between students with the subjects studied through the methodologies applied resulted on a better students participation, so the environmental contextualization made easier the understanding of the contents. It was possible to observe that the possibility of students literacy through the development of the conceptual, procedural and attitudinal abilities, gave to the students the opportunity to find out that Science as a human activity.
Influência de diferentes protocolos de exercício e da dieta hiperlipídica sobre o tecido adiposo, perfil lipídico e receptor CB1 do sistema endocanabinóide
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-10-20)
Rosante, Marisa Cristina
;
Duarte, Ana Cláudia Garcia de Oliveira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1996950253264696
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2758282284098452
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of high-fat diet and swimming and resistance training in the adipose tissue, endocannabinoid system and lipid profile in obese rats. Wistar adult male rats were divided into 6 groups (n = 10 per group): sedentary chow diet (SP); sedentary high-fat diet (SH); swimming chow diet (NP); swimming high-fat diet (NH); resistance training chow diet (FP); resistance training high-fat diet (FH). After three weeks feeding on a chow diet or high-fat diet, the animals started the exercise protocols. The NP and NH groups swam 60 minutes/day, five days a week, with a constant overload of 5% body weight during 8 weeks in tanks of 50 cm of height and 30 cm of diameter, for 8 weeks. The groups FP and FH started the resistance training with weights tied to their tails, once every three days for 8 weeks. The animals of SP and HS groups remained sedentary and fed their respective diets. After this period all animals were sacrificed by decapitation and tissues dissected, weighed and immediately stored at -80 º C. High-fat diet increased body weight gain, relative weight of adipose tissues (epididymal, retroperitoneal, visceral and subcutaneous) and adipose tissue area (epididymal, retroperitoneal and visceral). It also increased the fat percentage of all adipose tissues and liver, and increased gene expression of CB1 receptor. The trained groups, both resistance training and swimming, presented lower values of adipocyte area, benefits in lipid profile, lower percentage of fat in the adipose tissue and liver, lower body weight gain, and lower values for gene expression the CB1 receptor. Thus our results indicate the potential benefits of the resistance training and swimming as non pharmacological alternatives to control the deleterious effects of high-fat diet on adipose tissue, lipid profile, lipid content of tissues and control of the endocannabinoid system imbalance caused by high-fat diet.
O uso do bambu: o papel da cadeia produtiva no setor moveleiro e da construção civil no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-10-20)
Tedeschi, Samara Pereira
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Hoffmann, Wanda Aparecida Machado
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7609135667093837
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9369668064115028
The bamboo is a material widely used in Asia and its applications are from the simple fences to the Demoiselle structure, from Santos Dumont. In Brazil the bamboo uses still are small when it is compared to asian countries like China, that builds bridges to the bamboo floor. The bamboo productive chain can support the interrelation between the actors, making easier the information change and reinforcing the market, making it dynamic and competitive. The main goal of this research is the bamboo productive chain collect, identification and mapping in Brazil returned to the furniture industry, the construction and the potentiality relationship to the sustainable development. In this research will be collected and identified the environment where the productive chain actors are inserted through the patent search, institutes and universities, available credit and financing lines, environmental certification, laws and standards that regulate the sector, besides the questionnaires to the farmers, bamboo processors companies and those that produces consumer goods, besides the Non- Governmental Organizations. To the patent search were used the patent databases Derwent Innovations Index, Espacenet, United States Patent and Trademark Office and the Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Intelectual, through the use of search expressions and arrange with International Patent Classification. The universities and Institutes that research about bamboo were identified through the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico website. The credit and financing lines collect were made through the Ministério do Meio Ambiente in the Serviço Florestal Brasileiro by the Guia de Financiamento Florestal 2010 and also by the website from the Sociedade Brasileira de Silvicultura; while the certification survey was made also through the websites from the Sociedade Brasileira de Silvicultura and Instituto Nacional de Metrologia. The laws and standards that regulate the sector were identified through the website from the Ministério do Trabalho e do Emprego, Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas and bibliographic references. The perceptions about the bamboo productive chain actors were analyzed after the questionnaires. The searches held in the patent databases showed the chineses are those that more deposit patents, and it directly related to the tradition of the material use. Behind are the japoneses, north-americans anda Canadians, and there is a small contribution of brazilian patents. The research about the material has been done by 13 universities and 4 institutes. However the credit and financing lines are 7, but are used widely to the eucalyptus and pinus forests. The certification in Brazil can be obtained through by the certification agencies that represent the Forest Steward Council, CERFLOR and OCIA Organic. The bamboo can be used in the Furniture Sector and in the Construction as a structural material, because besides of its strong sustainable appeal there is the question of his so low cost. A lot of companies uses the bamboo as a handicraft, but it are marketed as a product with a higher added value through its processing, that still is recent in the country. On the research field in Brazil there is still much to be done, when compared to world leaders in bamboo production, because the material is the subject of research for nearly two decades in Brazil and has grown significantly after the year 2000. The future perspective is to assure that a wider dissemination of the material, breaking paradigms and prejudices that exist in Brazilian society.
Investigação do mecanismo de formação de filmes porosos de TiO2 obtidos por anodização galvanostática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-10-20)
Sikora, Marina de Souza
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Souza, Ernesto Chaves Pereira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1505400360366643
In this work the experimental and theoretical aspects of the growth of titanium dioxide obtained by galvanostatic anodization were studied. The _lms were prepared by galvanostatic anodization of titanium, where the curve of voltage versus charge was investigated. In the initial growth there is an abrupt increase of the voltage, followed by a change in slope of the curve. In this region the voltage reaches a steady state characterized by oscillations around a mean value that are often associated with the phenomenon of _lm's breakdown, microdischarges (sparks) are also observed on the electrode surface. The experimental study began with the "system scanning" in which we used the factorial design in order to associate the experimental variables with the responses (electrochemical, morphological and microstructural). After this _rst study, we investigated the in_uence of applied charge on the system, keeping constant the other experimental conditions. In this investigation, we analyzed the in_uence of charge on the microstructure, morphology and also in the photoactivity of the _lms. The results revealed that the photoactivity in in- _uenced by both the microstructure and morphology. However, the microstructure seems more important for _lms obtained after the breakdown region, where the morphology remains constant. One possible explanation for these results is that the region of grain boundary acts as a recombination center of e��=h+ pairs. In addition to these studies, the TiO2 doping was carried out with niobium. The physicochemical properties of the doped _lms were compared with pure _lms and it was observed that doping promotes an increase in the rate of crystallization of the _lms even when small amounts of dopants are introduced into the oxide. An applied study was conducted in order to apply the titanium anodization as a water heater system. The results of this investigation have shown that the titanium anodization provides greater e_ciency and heating rate when it is compared with comercial resistances. Finally, based on experimental results, we developed a model xxii for the growth of titanium oxide _lms prepared electrochemically. This semi-empirical model was developed from the "current burst model". The _rst stage consisted in the numerical simulation of the dissipation of the heat generated by a spark event in three ways (electrolyte, metal and oxide) using the _nite elements method. The simulation result have shown that the thermal dissipation extends over an area of up to 400 nm and the spark is able to fuse locally all the solid phases. Thus, the description of the oscillating system was made through its three main elements: the local oscillation mechanism (breakdown), desynchronization mechanism (dissolution) and lateral synchronization or interaction (promoted by the _ow of material).
Biossegurança no controle da infecção hospitalar: desenvolvimento de imunossensor impedimétrico para detecção de Staphylococcus aureus em áreas críticas hospitalares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-10-21)
Fialho, Ana Cristina Vasconcelos
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Moreira, Fernando Manuel Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1809254923092721
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7723210418338814
The Biosafety is a very important tool for the Control of Hospital Infection establishing through methods, techniques and standards, measures to be adopted in order to prevent and control risks that may contribute to hospital infection. This work reports the development of an impedimetric immunosensor for detection of pathogenic bacteria, specifically Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), in hospital critical areas (Surgical Centers and Intensive Care Units) to contribute to the hospital infection control. Different parameters were studied: direct immobilization of protein A of S. aureus on the surface of the transducer or the working electrode (screen-printed electrode - SPE), immobilization of protein A on SPEs modified with self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of cystamine (CYS) and glutaraldehyde (GA); different incubation times and dilutions were used for both modifiers as for protein A and anti- S. aureus antibodies; blocking with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and immunoassay (antigen-antibody reaction, Ag-Ab). Electrochemical techniques (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy - EIS and cyclic voltammetry - CV) and non electrochemical (microscopy) were used for the characterization and construction of the immunosensor. The impedance measurements and cyclic voltammetry showed the good results with self-assembled monolayer of cystamine 2 x 10-2 mol L-1 and glutaraldehyde 2,5% with incubation periods of 2 and 1h, respectively; immobilization of protein A 1:20 (tincub = 12 h) and anti-S. aureus monoclonal Ab (tincub = 3 h) and step blocking with 0.5% BSA (tincub = 1 h). For the Ag-Ab interaction S. aureus ATCC - 6535 strains (analyte) were used and incubation for 30 min. The immunosensor developed has proven to be an effective method for monitoring of S. aureus in a hospital environment and that can be applied as an indicative tool of the effectiveness of the standards and procedures applied to the control of hospital infection.