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Ideias algébricas explicitadas por estudantes da EJA em espaços não formais: o caso do cursinho de Ribeirão Preto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-10-28) Borges, Angela Aparecida Arndt Gomide; Sousa, Maria do Carmo de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6637658562543505; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9576143386566140
This research aims to investigate the EJA students ideas when they experience problem situations that involve the algebraic language in the nonformal education context. To do this we investigated the evolution of Algebra philosophically and historically, as well as its introduction in basic education. This study was fundamental to understand the gaps and also the resources the subjects of the research have when problem situations that require the use of the algebraic language are presented. The research is qualitative and is characterized as a case study. It took place in a non-formal learning place: a popular cursinho in Ribeirão Preto that serves young and adult workers from low income families that had finished elementary and high school in public schools. The problem that guided the study was: what are the algebraic ideas shown by EJA students when they experience problem situations in a nonformal space? . The data was collected between March and June 2010 by the researcher who acts as volunteer in this educational space. Because of this, the methodology of the research is based on research-action considering that the author of this text, together with her colleagues, creates the problem situations on the algebraic language based on the reflections in class and the necessities and difficulties the students have during class, compared to the contents dealt with in the different areas of knowledge. The results of this research show that although the youngsters and adults from the popular class who finish high school in public schools have some difficulties in understanding and manipulating the algebraic language, they are willing to look for alternatives and to share the algebraic ideas they have with the other members of the group to solve the situations that are presented to them. The importance these students give to the group reflections that happen during the resolutions of the problem situations is also observed, since it is from these reflections that happen in the classroom that these youngsters start to make sense of the algebraic concepts that haven t been noticed by them, even though they have studied for years at formal schools. 10 At the same time those reflections help the teachers of cursinho to prepare the lessons and to produce problem situations. In other words, when the students show the ideas they have about the algebraic language during the classes and when they participate on their planning, they can show the sense they give to the algebraic language and they can be considered co-authors of the situations planned by the teachers. Therefore teachers and students of EJA are protagonists of the mathematics lessons that take place in this non-formal space. Regarding the results, during the research we elaborated two educational products : 1) the four problem situations that involve the algebraic language created based on the EJA students needs and 2) the theoretical synthesis from the analysis elaborated based on the development of the four problem situations as an essay. The educational products reflect the movement of the classroom, as well as its methodology called dialogical. The educational products presented here do not intend to indicate some type of methodology that must be followed by those who teach algebra in nonformal spaces specially for EJA. It intends to invite teachers who give algebra lessons in non-formal and formal schools to think about an education that often excludes the student. And at the same time to create problem situations connected to the algebraic concepts that regard the context it is inserted. The problem situations presented are different from those presented in the majority of the didactic books since they have the interdisciplinarity as a starting point that is the base of the work proposal at the cursinho.
Caracterização e análise da região codificadora do gene fruitless em moscas-das-frutas (Anastrepha obliqua)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-10-28) Szrajer, Marcos Rosolino; Brito, Reinaldo Alves de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8253066295947754; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9900085233570494
The fruit flies (Anastrepha sp) are organisms endemic to the Neotropics that are similar morphologically but present some behavioral, reproductive and molecular variations. Among these insects we can highlight the fraterculus group, which consists of a set of cryptic species, between them Anastrepha oblique, that represents threats to national fruit culture. The effective control of this grouping requires the expansion of the few studies concerning to the biology and history of populations which has a very complex systematic. Previous works suggest a high rate of evolution of genes related to reproductive issues and recognition of partners due to the high selective pressures involved in that relationship, hence, we chose to work with the fruitless gene which is recognized for its role in sexual differentiation and male courtship behavior in dipteran insects. Since a small region of this gene was already been amplified in our laboratory, we amplified and described the flanking sequences by RACE-PCR technique which used primers constructed targeting the 5 'and 3' ends. We used cDNA libraries produced from the extraction of mRNAs from different stages of development of these organisms enabling the identification of different isoforms arising from alternative splicing and structural characterization of the coding region (CDS) common to both sexes. We compared the data generated with the corresponding sequences of the fruitless gene in other insect species identifying the rate of similarity for nucleotides and amino acids (identity ratio) which revealed that the éxons coding for specific domains such as BTB and Zinc Fingers tend to remain more conserved in relation to other regions and éxons from Connector Region. Subsequently, we performed positive selection tests through the Relaxed Branch-site test and Strict Branch-site test, which were contrasted by Likelihood Ratio Tests (LRT) which identified 25 new sites evolving under positive selection, corroborating the findings of Sobrinho e de Brito (2010) and suggesting the presence of these forces on specific regions of this important gene linked to reproductive aspects of several major groups of insects.
Percepção arquitetônica do espaço de trabalho pela comunidade universitária: estudo de caso da UFSCar - Campus São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-10-28) Salvador, Elizabeth Valdetaro; Francisco, José; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0330065027402518; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7081724290740609
The main objective of this work was to search and to analyze the architectural perception of the community of UFSCar campus working space, composed by its teachers and administrativetechnician personnel, with the intention to subsidize the elaboration of future studies and projects of architecture in the University with a more effective participation of these users. Based on a bibliographical research and a theoretical reference developed, several attributes of the working space were defined for a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the users perception. To this purpose, a research with the university community was carried on the internet by the application of questionnaires on the related attributes, being previously associated to each one a scale of values. Besides the evaluation of the attributes of the working space, which is understood as where the users spend most of their time, the questionnaires also approached other aspects as sex, age, level of education, department/sector, time at the working place and at the University, with the objective of getting to know the respondents profile. Interviews had also been carried on the internet with architects who worked as directors and/or related to planning and project in the University sectors responsible for these activities, since 1976 until now. The answers of the questionnaires had been systemized, statistically treated and duly analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The architects answers were analyzed qualitatively. As the result of the research with the users, it was verified that their perception of the working space is diversified, similar in certain aspects and very divergent in others. The reason is that ambient conditions are also different depending on the work place and some people are in much better places than others. The youngest users and those who work in the Center of Human Sciences clearly tended to be more negative in their perception. The result of the interviews with the architects shows the importance of planning and project processes in an integrated and continuous way, so that the quality of the constructed space is guaranteed throughout the years, independent of circumstantial factors that can influence the expansion of the University in the short-term. It is essential to give an answer to the urgent problems without losing the perspective and objectives in long-term.