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Aspectos éticos em dissertações e teses do PPGE/UFSCar à luz da resolução CNS 196/96
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-12-12)
Siquelli, Sônia Aparecida
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Hayashi, Maria Cristina Piumbato Innocentini
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7785849794300988
This doctoral thesis has been developed in order to identify the ethical aspects of research in education, considering the 196/96 National Health referred to the guidelines and standards regulated research involving humans. To make it possible to perform this task and establish the theoretical research we used the reflection on the concept of ethics and ethics in life science research. The methodological approach was based on bibliometrics that were used to analyze the scientific production of 73 theses and dissertations in the Graduate Program in Education (PPGE) of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), between January 2009 and December 2010. This historical period was chosen because of the concern in describe and discuss the ethical aspects of research produced in the first decade of this century, and questionnaires, with a former student and three teachers linked to the Program. The results of bibliometric analysis allowed to verify that participants were 2606 of these dissertations and theses and that 74% of the studies analyzed (21 theses and dissertations 33) were not submitted to the Ethics Committee. Analysis of the questionnaires revealed that participants are aware of the demands of ethical commitment in conducting research, but in different degrees of depth, particularly with respect to the contents of Resolution CNS 196/96. Participants also agreed on the need for further clarification on the ethics of research to graduate students, and emphasized that the bureaucratic aspects surrounding the submission of research to the Research Ethics Committees, often away from the researchers. Finally, it was observed that the participants consider that studies performed in this field of knowledge does not pose risks to the participants surveyed, which points to the importance of building a culture of bioethics needed for academic and professional researchers in education, because all intervention research entails risk to the participant, and for small or rare they are, must be provided.
Arquitetura de um provedor de serviços interativos para sistemas de televisão digital
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-12-12)
Prado, Gabriel Massote
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Zorzo, Sérgio Donizetti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2523715806470871
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4475440779573486
The evolution of television systems, analog to digital, provides a wide range of new services possibility of data transmission from the high quality audio and video. With the aggregation of data transmission of television programs, systems arise Interactive Digital TV allows you to embed interactive content resulting in a new way to produce and transmit television programs. This paper presents an architecture of an Interactive Service Provider named Interactive Service Provider for Digital Television Systems - ispTV - to interactive digital television systems, based on a service-oriented architecture that enables the publication and delivery of services in different technologies such as JAX-WS, Axis2 and ispTV services, with the inclusion of an abstract layer of communication in order to simplify the development of interactive programs with a standardized communication APIs provided by the architecture. The Brazilian Digital Television System is to provide an objective of social, cultural and technological inclusion through broadcasting educational, government and commercial television applications for the television user programs. In this context, this paper presents some interactive applications with educational support to viewers with special needs using the proposed architecture. The applications presented demonstrate the usability aspects of the architecture along ispTV to test usability of the APIs of abstraction that the architecture offers. Also presented are performance testing and scalability of the architecture, showing that its operation allows its use for the transmission of interactive applications for various classes of projects, institutions and companies.
Análises estruturais e evolutivas de uma região do gene COI do DNAmt de espécies de moscas saprófagas da família sarcophagidae e perspectivas para identificação taxonômica.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-12-12)
Rodrigues, Eduardo Leal
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Lessinger, Ana Cláudia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4643624035602601
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8687940253796291
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Infante-malachias, Maria Elena
The taxonomic classification system of all organisms has been traditionally based in the comparative analysis of a wide range of morphological structures. In the last decades, the potential of physiological, cellular and molecular characteristics have been recognized in taxonomy, including phylogenetic and biogeographic aspects. This study focuses on the structural and evolutionary characterization of a region encompassing the 3 end of the mtDNA gene COI from sarcophagids and analyzed the contribution of this information for species identification, increasing the knowledge related to this family in the neotropical region. The Sarcophagidae family has approximately 2,600 species and their phylogenetic relationships are not well established for most genera and sub-genera. In this scenario, the characterization of nucleotide sequences for species identification in Sarcophagidae is a strategic approach that contributes for inferring phylogenetic relationships in this family. In this study, a 470 bp region from the COI gene was sequenced and characterized by structural and evolutionary analyses for five species: Peckia anguilla, Peckia collusor, Peckia ingens, Oxysarcodexia admixta e Oxysarcodexia paulistanensis. For comparative analyses we included ortholog sequences from three other sarcophagid species (P. intermutans, O. ventricosa e S. carnaria) and from the species C. hominivorax (Calliphoridae) e Haematobia irritans (Muscidae) available in GenBank. The intraspecific variation showed values between 0 e 0,01 and the interspecific variation varied from 0,07 - 0,151. Similarly to other Diptera families, the nucleotide composition of this region showed a high content of A and T (on average: A = 30.2%; T = 38.7%; C = 17.3% and G = 13.8%). The aminoacid composition presents higher abundance of Leucine, Phenylalanine and Tyrosine. Only eight divergent aminoacid positions were identified in comparative analysis of sarcophagid species, in addition to 3 positions that diverges from the insect COI protein structural model. Neighbor-joining analysis using Kimura-2P, an usual procedure in DNA barcodes analysis, distributed all species in monophyletic clusters, however the utility of this approach for resolving taxonomical conflicts requires additional sampling of specimens/species including a wide geographical coverage in order to provide a better characterization of intraspecific variation in these species.
Refatoração com enfoque em portabilidade como estratégia de reúso em desenvolvimento de middleware para TV digital interativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-12-12)
Sardinha, Eduardo Drumond
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Teixeira, Cesar Augusto Camillo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1123376648713853
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8316322963999998
Middleware for interactive digital TV systems are designed to provide convenient abstractions to overcome differences of hardware/software in order to improve the portability of applications. The development of a middleware implementation from scratch is a complex and costly task. To minimize this effort, software assets of existing implementations of these middleware can be reused through software reuse techniques. A refactoring process can be applied to existing middleware implementations to improve some software requirements such as modularity and reusability, in order to facilitate reuse of the middleware. This work presents an approach of refactoring focused on portability as a reuse strategy for the development of new instances of a digital TV middleware for new hardware platforms. The proposed approach is based on software portability concepts and construction characteristics of digital TV middleware. To evaluate the work, we present a case study with our experience of refactoring an implementation of the Brazilian digital TV system s middleware.
Lutas na cidade de São Paulo: Mutirão Recanto da Felicidade e Banco Comunitário União Sampaio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-12-13)
Bergamin, Marta de Aguiar
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Rizek, Cibele Saliba
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9596300416464737
The present work is aimed at exploiting the relationship between city and work, from the study of two democratic experiences: a self-managed joint effort (mutirão) and a community bank in the city of Sao Paulo. These two experiences show us that the social movements constantly need new ways of carrying out their actions in order to renew participation and strengthen the social organization towards the creation of a political community. Both the community bank, that broadens the range of the discussion on the endogenous circulation of money and on the possibility of higher consumption in the area, and the self-managed joint effort (mutirão), which intensifies the access to rights and to participation, are, however, experiences that struggle with huge difficulties and are perhaps weak as alternatives to the capitalist processes of sociability. In spite of that, they show themselves to be, in the very core of the system, capable of transforming previously precarious realities.
Saúde mental de escolares: um estudo de prevalência e de fatores de risco e proteção
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-12-13)
Cid, Maria Fernanda Barboza
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Matsukura, Thelma Simões
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8595043315867424
The literature points that the identification of problems related to infant mental health and the processes involved in its occurrence is important because it enables a better understanding of this population s reality regarding this special condition, as well as it supplies elements for reflections, planning and implementing public health policies, education, and social assistance which aim infant mental health promotion and can supply the presented demand in a more effective way. Additionally, studies have indicated that the risk factors present in the environment in which the child lives at, as well as the family s social-economical situation, family s structure, parents mental health, parenting styles, among others, are the most influential in the development of problems related to infant mental health. In this direction, the present study has as objective to assess the prevalence of mental health problems in students of the first cycle of the primary education, and the risk and protection factors represented by the variables social support of the responsible person, parenting practices and styles, mental health of the responsible person, and variables related to the family s structure and the context associated to them. There have been 321 participants who were responsible for children studying from the first to the fifth grade of elementary schools of the municipal network of the city of São Carlos. The measuring instruments were: Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire (ADLQ); Brazil Economic Classification criteria (CCEB); Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ); Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ); Parenting Styles Inventory (PSI) and Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). The collected data was analyzed from the spreadsheets of each instrument and the descriptive, comparative and correlational statistical studies. The results found indicated a rate of infant mental health prevalence of 43%, and that 63% of the responsible people have at least one mental disorder assessed by the MINI. Regarding the potential risk factors identified in the present study, it has been observed that infant mental health has been significantly related to the variables: risk practices and styles, responsible person presenting at least one mental disorder, and the existence of fights within the family. Regarding the protection factors, the variable existence, in the family, of responsibilities and rules that all members acknowledge and comply has been associated to the pro-social behavior of the SDQ in the general sample. Besides that, in the family groups that experience two or three risk factors identified in this study, the satisfaction of the responsible person with the perceived social service has been identified as a potential factor of protection for the children s mental health. The results were discussed under the light of the factors theory and mechanisms of risk and protection of infant mental health. It is pointed out that the findings of this investigation contribute for a better understanding of the mental health situation of school-age children, as well as it signals factors of risk and protection, indicating important matters to be considered by the public policies of health, education, social assistance, and other ones which can deal in a more effective way with this reality.
Densidade de estocagem de lambari (Astyanax altiparanae) em tanques-rede
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-12-13)
Costa, Beatriz Braun
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Dias, Luciana Thie Seki
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0630011302129660
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3063754643895683
With the increased interest in growing native fish species the tetra has been highlighted nationally in the marketing of fish facing the two niche markets: as a snack in bars and restaurants and other natural bait for sport fishing. Therefore, studies on the stocking density are needed for better understanding in response to performance than can affect the growth, nutrition and animal behavior. This study aimed to evaluate the economic viability and growth performance of the tetra (Astyanax altiparanae) in cages, subjected to different stocking rates. The experiment was conducted on the premises of the UPD Pirassununga, APTA Pole Central East, in cages of 1m3, villages in densities: 250,450 and 600 fish per tank with 4 repetitions. The temperature, water clarity, dissolved oxygen an pH were daily measured. The tetra were fed extruded commercial diet containing 36%of protein. The experiment lasted 57 days and monthly samples were collected to evaluate the development and adjust amount of feed. To verify the significance between treatment means was used Tukey s test at 5% probability. The results showed increasing linear effect for variable total biomass (p<0,05) as opposed to the linear effect (p<0,05) for average consumption of feed as well as weight gain, average final length and final weight medium according to the increase of stocking density. The physic-chemical parameters remained at adequate levels. It is concluded that stocking density affects the development of juveniles of tetra and the density of persons over fishes/m³. Can still be used in the cultivation of 600 fishes/m³ tetra juveniles in cages, resulting in higher total biomass, although they result in smaller populations.
Uma investigação sobre o uso da UML Statechart para representar o comportamento de aplicações modeladas em Matlab/Simulink
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-12-13)
Freire, Guilherme Mendonça
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Fabbri, Sandra Camargo Pinto Ferraz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2204086299921323
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3016452229354730
Embedded systems (ES) has become more important to everyday life due to technology advance and increasing application field. Engineers start ES development using tools like Matlab/Simulink. Usually, Simulink models are low level abstraction models following an ad-hoc design, which difficult the model comprehension. Hence, new trends start to apply software engineering to support ES design. Goal: This work was developed in a research group that is defining a development process to support ES development from initial phases to Simulink models implementation. Particularly, this works goal is to explore UML Statchart technique to depict Simulink models in a high level abstraction view, and become the group s desired component part of the process. Method: The investigation process was conducted in three actions exploring UML Statchart based in the Research Action methodology: (i) a reengineering activity starting from Simulink model; (ii) a forward engineering starting from a requirement document; and (iii) a survey investigating the use of UML Statechart by ES developers. Outcomes: The first and second action showed that UML Statechart is an appropriated technique to depict the application behavior, contributing to implement Simulink models. It also organizes Simulink models and facilitates the system comprehension as a whole. Conclusion: Due to the conducted actions outcomes, UML Statechart can be considered as a candidate to compose one of the artifacts to be implemented during the process that is being defined by the research group. However, this work conducted investigations are limited to two system applications, needing to accomplish more complement studies, we can say that Simulink models implemented with support of UML Statechart, are better structured and more comprehensive. This features an increasing quality in ES design.
Participação do sistema purinérgico no locus coeruleus (LC) no controle cardiorrespiratório e térmico em normocapnia e hipercapnia em ratos não anestesiados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-12-14)
Biancardi, Vivian
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Batalhão, Luciane Helena Gargaglioni
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5850453468994497
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3835317718066631
Locus coeruleus (LC) is considered as a chemosensitive region to CO2/pH in mammals and amphibians, mainly its noradrenergic neurons. The LC purinergic neuromodulation is of particular interest since adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) acts as a neuromodulator in many brainstem areas involved in cardiovascular and respiratory regulation, which includes Locus coeruleus (LC). ATP acting on LC P2 receptors influences the release of noradrenaline (NE) and the LC noradrenergic neurons are involved in the CO2-drive to breathing. Thus, the goal of the present study was to investigate the role of purinergic neuromodulation in the LC in the ventilatory, thermal and cardiovascular responses during normocapnia and hypercapnia in Wistar male unanesthetized rats. We assessed the purinergic modulation of cardiorespiratory and thermal responses by microinjecting ATP P2X receptor agonist (α,β-MeATP, 0.5 nmoL/40 nL and 1 nmoL/40 nL) and P2 receptor non selective antagonists (PPADS 0.5 nmoL/40 nL and 1 nmoL/40 nL; suramin, 1 nmoL/40 nL) into the LC. Pulmonary ventilation (VE, plethysmography), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and body core temperature (Tb, dataloggers) were measured before and after unilateral microinjection (40 nL) of α,β-MeATP, PPADS, suramin or 0.9% saline (vehicle) into the LC during 60 min normocapnia or 30 min period of 7% CO2 exposure followed by 30 min of normocapnia. Under normocapnic conditions, α,β-MeATP did not affect any parameter, whereas PPADS decreased respiratory frequency (f), increased MAP and HR and suramin increased Tb, MAP and HR and did not change ventilation. Hypercapnia induced an increase in ventilation, a fall in HR and did not change Tb in all groups. During hypercapnia, α,β-MeATP produced a further increase in ventilation and did not cause changes in cardiovascular and thermal parameters, PPADS caused an increase in MAP, did not alter ventilation and Tb and suramin elicited increases in ventilation, MAP and bradycardia and did not change Tb. Thus, our data suggest that purinergic neuromodulation in the LC plays an important role in the cardiorespiratory control during hypercapnia and modulates cardiorrespiratory and thermal control during normocapnic conditions in unanesthetized animals.
Gestão de compras em um fabricante de avião: uma análise sob a perspectiva da gestão de cadeia de suprimentos flexível
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-12-14)
Guerra, João Henrique Lopes
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Alves Filho, Alceu Gomes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7885557554922569
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8082203656060484
The influence and status that the purchasing function has gained in manufacturing companies are not reflected in the literature related to aircraft manufacturers. There are few studies that adopt, in this environment, the analysis of the purchasing function as the central theme of research. Particularly, there is a lack of studies on the challenges and problems it faces. In order to provide a contribution to this theme, an exploratory case study (single) in an aircraft manufacturer (Embraer) has been carried out aiming to identify the challenges and problems generated in its purchasing function due to the influence of the supply chain, the product (aircraft) and the dynamic environment in which the aerospace industry operates, and to analyze how they should be faced, considering the Supply Chain Management (SCM) approach and the supply chain flexibility concept. The following challenges and problems were identified: changes in customer purchase orders and in the aircraft manufacturer production plan; risks of harmed relationships with suppliers and lack of suppliers confidence on demand information; product changes; customization; late configuration; geographical dispersion and physical distance from suppliers; material acquisition lead-times; increase in production rate; disputes among customers for suppliers limited resources; bargaining power of suppliers; some potential sources of material shortage. The strategies to face them were defined based on the SCM elements (supply chain overall operational efficiency, process integration, information sharing, strategic alignment, and relationship among companies) and the supply chain flexibility dimensions (organizational, supply, market, logistics, information systems, and operations). The results reveal the importance of SCM and supply chain flexibility for the purchasing function and, by extension, for an aircraft manufacturer and the aerospace industry. They also show that SCM and supply chain flexibility can be used in a complementary and convergent way. Although the purchasing function stands at a privileged position regarding the potential of influence over business competitiveness, in the case of an aircraft manufacturer that position is also very challenging. As the aircraft manufacturers are driving their focus to some specific competencies, the challenges and problems analyzed in this research drive the purchasing function to prioritize competences related to the design and management of the supply chain.
Políticas públicas e juventude no espaço rural: assentamento Sepé Tiarajú - Serra Azul/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-12-14)
Mendes, Benedita da Guia Ferreira
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Scopinho, Rosemeire Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4770451465556845
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4623682111198611
The debate about the youth in the last decades has increasingly boosted the inclusion of this topic in the country political agenda as well as it has reinforced the need of understanding that the Brazilian youth is not homogeneous and it lacks further development in the social, cultural, and economic sectors of specific policies to that category. In that context, the Brazilian rural youth present themselves as a distant and invisible category from the urban youth. Besides the invisibility of the agrarian reform subjects, concerning the concrete needs and problems that involve them, there is also a distancing from the public policies in the agrarian reform settlements. Thus, the present research aimed to identify the public policies formulated to the rural youth within the State, and understand the impacts of their deployment in the youngsters lives in Sepé Tiarajú settlement, which is located in Serra Azul/SP. Based on conducting a bibliographical research, semi-structured interviews, and direct observations, it was possible to notice that the youth in the settlement are invisible to those involved in the organizational process, as well as the existing public policies are distanced from the reality of the settlement. Although the settlements are near the cities, the reality of rural settlements has its own peculiarities regarding its organization and relationship to the existing social movements in those spaces. Education, work, and leisure-time activities are among the issues that most concern the youth and their families.
Docking molecular aplicado ao estudo da formação de complexos entre análogos de resveratrol e derivados de 1,2,3-triazol e a enzima COX-2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-12-14)
Castilho, Luis Nelson Prado
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Schpector, Júlio Zukerman
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4252331837170383
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8115891974292136
Prostaglandin H synthases (PGHS), or cyclooxygenases (COX), are known to exist in at least two isoforms, COX-1 and COX-2, encoded by different genes. COX s play a central role in the inflammatory cascade by converting arachidonic acid, released from membrane phospholipids, into bioactive prostanoids. Non-steriodal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) represent an important therapeutic category related to the reduction of inflammation, pain and fever, however, can cause gastric and kidney failure. Selective inhibition of COX-2 by NSAIDs known as coxibs leads to a significant reduction of these side effects in addition reduce fatal thrombotic events and act in controlling some types of cancer and progression of Alzheimer's disease, when used for a long period. This study, based on molecular docking, describes the search for the most favorable poses in the formation of complexes between COX-2 and resveratrol analogues and 1,2,3-triazole derivatives. The three dimensional structure of the enzyme, 1cx2, was obtained from the Protein Data Bank (PDB). The structures of the ligands were obtained by molecular modeling. The docking calculations were carried out with the program GOLD 4.1.2. Analyses of the docking results show that interactions with residues of the side pocket of COX are important for the stabilization of the complexes, in particular His90, Arg120, Ser353, Tyr355 and Arg513 should be mentioned. The ligands studied locate, preferably, between α-helices 13 and 26 of the isoenzyme, and the interaction with the serine 353 residue seems to be related to the activity presented by ligands with low IC50 values, a characteristics that can be exploited in rational design of new leader molecules or in the optimization of selective ligands that should occupy the side pocket of the cyclooxygenase active site of COX-2.
Caracterização hidrogeoquímica e ecotoxicológica do sedimento de fundo, da água e do sedimento em suspensão transportado pela microbacia do Ribeirão Guamium, rio Piracicaba, SP, em função da sazonalidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-12-14)
Pereira, Flávia Fontes
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Ferreira, José Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4399379959466298
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4266218664389276
At the Guamium River microbasin, a branch of the Piracicaba Basin, SP, superficial water, bottom and suspended sediments were selected as natural compartments to assess for the ecosystem degradation due to the intensive land usage. Sampling campaign were carried out during one year in a seasonal approach. Discharge and precipitation data were obtained monthly. At the field, pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids (TDS) were measured and in water samples collected at ten sampling points, Ca+2, Mg+2, K+, NH4 +, Na+, SO4 -2, PO4 -3, NO3 -, Br-, NO2 -, Cl- and HCO3 - were determinate at the laboratory by ion chromatography and Gran titration. The dissolved discharge for Ca, Mg, K and Na were calculated. The suspended particulate matter, which were only measured at the low third part of the basin, were analysed for soil exchangeable cations (Ca, Mg, K, Na), N, P and total As. In addition, δC13 e δN15, were also determinated in order to evaluate the land use in the basin. The solid discharge and transport of Ca, Mg, K, Na and P on it were calculated. Bottom sediments, sampled at 10 sampling points, were evaluated for C, N, C/N rate, bioavailable and total As, being it δC13 e δN15 established. Bottom sediment toxicity were evaluated by both, algae bioassay, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and volatile acid sulphides (VAS). Although TDS and EC were high in some sampling points, most of ion concentrations were in the allowed ranges required for CONAMA 357/05. The transport of the dissolved soil exchangeable cations were around Kg h-1. The solid discharge, considering a precipitation of 447,40 mm, were 90,34 Kg h-1; 35,45 Kg h-1; 13,08 Kg h-1, 6,71 Kg h-1 and 25,47 Kg h-1 , for Ca, Mg, K, Na and P, respectively. The observed variation for %C13 varied from 6% to 82% in the bottom sediments and 9% to 48% in the suspended one, emphasizing the occurrence of C4 plants in the basin. High toxicity were observed at P5 in the dry season (August, 2010) and at P1 in the rainy one (March, 2011), which leads to a low growing curves and lower cells density when compared to the control. These data were not in accordance to the AVS/ΣSEM, which indicates the potential toxicity in the medium. Total As concentrations in the bottom and in the suspended sediments were high and can be due the use of herbicides in agriculture while no correspondence for bioavailable As were achieved for the same substrates.
Bloqueio dos receptores 5-HT2 da substância cinzenta periaquedutal suprime o efeito ansiolítico resultante do antagonismo dos receptores 5-HT1A do núcleo mediano da rafe em camundongos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-12-15)
Souza, Vanessa Nunes de
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Souza, Azair Liane Matos do Canto de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2352004564367849
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8438045901614166
Several lines of evidence support the involvement of serotonergic (5-HT) neurons of the median raphe nucleus (MRN) in anxiety-like behaviour. In this context, it is known that blockade of 5- HT1A somatodendritic autoreceptors in the midbrain raphe nuclei increases the firing rate of these neurons, disinhibiting 5-HT release in postsynaptic target areas such as amygdala, hippocampus and periaqueductal grey matter (PAG). However, while activation of 5-HT1A or 5- HT2 receptors in forebrain targets such as the amygdala or hippocampus enhances anxiety-like behaviours in rodents, stimulation of both receptor subtypes in the midbrain PAG markedly reduces anxiety-like behaviour. In view of these findings, the present study investigated whether the anti-anxiety effects induced by pharmacological disinhibition of 5-HT neurons in the MRN are attenuated by the blockade of 5-HT2 receptors within the PAG. Mice received combined intra-PAG injection with ketanserin (10 nmol/0.1 μl), a 5-HT2 receptor antagonist, followed by intra-MRN injection of WAY-100635 (5.6 nmol/0.l μl), a highly selective 5-HT1A receptor antagonist. They were then individually exposed to the elevated plus-maze (EPM), with the videotaped behavioural sessions subsequently scored for both conventional and ethological measures. The results confirmed that intra-MRN infusion of WAY100635 (5.6 nmol/0.l μl)reduces behavioural indices of anxiety without significantly altering general activity measures, and further showed that this effect was completely blocked by intra-PAG pretreatment with an intrinsically-inactive dose of ketanserin (10 nmol/0.1 μl). Together, these results suggest that 5HT2 receptor populations located within the midbrain PAG play a significant role in the reduction of anxiety observed following disinhibition of 5-HT neurons in the MRN.
Doença crônica na infância no contexto de vulnerabilidade social: a experiência da família
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-12-15)
Baltor, Marja Rany Rigotti
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Dupas, Giselle
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9461883918498554
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6741676673155778
The chronicle disease has a permanent character and long duration. Life style and the person s environment is scenario worsen). When a child has chronicle condition, the familiar life suffers deep modifications, both by the frequent hospitalizations and by the treatment process. The major cause of physical disabilities in the childhood is cerebral palsy. It is caused by damage or bad formation of the brain. It s defined as a group of permanents disorders that affect the posture s development and movement, affecting major senses, self-care activities, behaviors, communication and intellect. There are others facts associated such as the financial impact once the cost of treatment and materials involved in the care of that child raise up with time and became a source of significant worries to the family. In situation of poverty the chronicle condition has a strong impact on the family, therefore it becomes necessary the reflection and recognize mechanisms to support this clientele. It was used Symbolic Interactionism as a theoretical framework and Content Analysis as method. To data collection it was used semistructure interview to compose the genogram and ecomap, which were tools that helped us characterize the family composition. Six families living in an area of social vulnerability composed the study. The data analysis allowed the conclusion that health professionals are not considered as a support or informational resource. The own family is the main support to cope with chronicity, both emotionally and financially. However, even with family s support, the care is centralized in the mother, and its path is considered as lonely and physically intense. The necessity of one of the family members stop working associated with the high cost of the materials destined to the child has a burly financial impact on the family, consequently is required to reorganize the priorities of investments, and the child health assistance is normally selected as the first one. Even with some financial difficulties, they invest in a private health care insurance to the child, as a result of the delays to access care and failure of the public health care system to resolve the problem in a short term, permanents sequels are brought to those in development and growth process.
Os instrumentos do trabalho rural como testemunhos da modernização agrícola e do desenvolvimento socioeconômico do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-12-16)
Silva, Joana Casturina da
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Costa, Luzia Sigoli Fernandes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8110248272001369
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9199368340707819
The record of the memory of a time is an invaluable asset that can help us understand the past be aware of this and outline prospects for the future. But little is said about the memory of the technologies, doing agricultural or farming practices such as memory space. Thus, the purpose of this study is based on the search and systematization of records of agricultural modernization in the State of Sao Paulo and its impact on socioeconomic development, therefore raising the rescue of the memory usage of agricultural equipment, such as animal traction and tractor. The survey attempted to compare the use of animal traction and mechanization in 1960 and 2007/2008, according to agricultural census prepared by IBGE and the LUPA project, the Secretary of Agriculture of the State of São Paulo, being the last survey agriculture in the country. The aim of this research was to show that over the decades, preserving the use of animal traction technique has not received the attention and is not registering memory spaces in Brazil, nor the State of São Paulo, discussed in this universe research on its history, in a systemic way, year after year, allowing a comparative study. The survey noted that there is abundant literature on the study of the heritage buildings, historic farms, but nothing that represents the agricultural history in its entirety. There are specific initiatives to create spaces of memory, many of which could not ensure its implementation, for lack of replies to messages sent asking for confirmation or otherwise of the venture. The research outlined a scenario of the origin, the use of animal traction in agriculture, the emphasis in the 1980s recorded on the return of the technique encouraged, including government programs, the introduction of modernization, symbolized by the use of tractor, importance of preserving the memory for building spaces that preserve the agricultural history, with suggestion of establishment of this area in San Carlos, interior of São Paulo, where Brazilian tractor Company (CBT) produced the first fully national tractor. In this study CBT is represented with a separate topic, the importance of the company in the history of mechanization in the country. The survey also brings some attachments that help you understand which municipalities of São Paulo animal traction and tractor tire track and was used more in the years 1960 and 2007/2008.
Validação do diagnóstico de enfermagem recuperação cirúrgica retardada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-12-16)
Appoloni, Aline Helena
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Napoleão, Anamaria Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8539664594837249
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9804415222026713
The postoperative period requires the nursing team to be prepared to deal with possible specific complications. The precision of the nursing diagnosis during that period is essential for ensuring an effective and decisive care plan. The postoperative recovery may be changed, causing it to be delayed and, therefore, to require specific nursing intervention. The human response is represented by NANDA-I, through the Delayed Surgical Recovery (DSR) diagnosis. Based on the analysis of the elements of the DSR diagnosis, the possibility of gaps may be considered, especially gaps that are related to the defining characteristics (DC) and the related factors (RF). This study aimed at analyzing the concept and validation (by experts) of the Delayed Surgical Recovery nursing diagnosis, which is proposed by NANDA-I. That is a descriptive validation study of a nursing diagnosis, based on the model that was proposed by Hoskins. A bibliographical review was accomplished on LILACS, PubMed, CINAHL and Cochrane Library databases, in order to select studies that are related to the theme, for to ground the concept analysis, performed according to the Walker and Avant model, which describe an investigation process on basic elements of an eight-step concept. Fifty-seven studies were elected to conduct the concept analysis. Posteriorly, a content validation of the nursing diagnosis was made according to the Fehring model, in which the opinion of experts is surveyed, regarding the adequacy of the DSR nursing diagnosis. The DSR concept is found to be used in medicine, followed by nursing, psychology, social service, speech therapy, nutrition and physical therapy. DSR is usually discussed in relation to the deterioration of physical, psychological and social functioning interrelationship of patients and their relatives. The identified main defining attributes were: impaired ability to walk, need for help to perform daily activities, difficulty in performing selfcare, difficulty in reassuming social roles, persistent fatigue, necessity of a longer time for recovery, and others. Among the identified background items, there were: pain, anxiety, negative experiences on previous surgeries, infection, and others. The main consequences were: rehospitalization, prolonged hospitalization, depression, and others. Given the concept analysis data, some modifications on the enunciation and definition of DSR diagnosis were suggested, as well as some modifications on the Defining Characteristics (among them: delays the return to social activities and persistent pain ), and some suggestions for including DC (such as need for help to perform daily activities , cardiovascular and pulmonary problems ). The inclusion of Related Factors as advanced age , problems arising from anesthesia and presence of comorbidities were also suggested. The elements of the nursing diagnosis and the proposed modifications after the concept analysis were subjected to the review of 45 experts. As a result, changes were made on the diagnosis enunciation text which was modified to Postoperative Delayed Recovery. The nursing diagnosis definition text was changed to extension of the number of days of mediate or delayed postoperative to resume activities that sustain life, health and welfare , validation of the DC proposed by NANDA-I, modification of the DC text, such as Delays the return to social work, job, familiar, study, religious activities, etc. , Loss of appetite , Postoperative persistent pain and Persistent fatigue . Yet, it was possible to add six DCs for suggestion to be included in the Nursing Diagnosis of NANDA-I need for help to perform daily activities , Cardiovascular problems and Pulmonary problems were the ones that received the highest scores. As for the RF, all the ones that were presented by NANDA-I were validated and seven new RF were suggested to be included. Among the ones that received the highest scores by the experts are: Problems arising from anesthesia , Presence of comorbidities , Compromised nutritional conditions and Advanced age . The identified results offer the possibility of reviewing the DSR diagnosis by NANDA-I, contributing to knowledge about postoperative period and, consequently providing a better quality of nursing care to surgical patients who experience delayed recovery.
Avaliação de testes diagnósticos na ausência de padrão ouro considerando relaxamento da suposição de independência condicional, covariáveis e estratificação da população: uma abordagem bayesiana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-12-16)
Pereira, Gilberto de Araujo
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Louzada Neto, Francisco
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0994050156415890
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8876450664255918
The application of a gold standard reference test in all or part of the sample under investigation is often not feasible for the majority of diseases affecting humans, either by a lack of consensus on which testing may be considered a gold standard, the high level of invasion of the gold standard technique, the high cost of financially large-scale application, or by ethical questions, so to know the performance of existing tests is essential for the process of diagnosis of these diseases. In statistical modeling aimed to obtain robust estimates of the prevalence of the disease (x ) and the performance parameters of diagnostic tests (sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp)), various strategies have been considered such as the stratification of the population, the relaxation of the assumption of conditional independence, the inclusion of covariates, the verification type (partial or total) and the techniques to replace the gold standard. In this thesis we propose a new structure of stratification of the population considering both the prevalence rates and the parameters of test performance among the different strata (EHW). A Bayesian latent class modeling to estimate these parameters was developed for the general case of K diagnostic tests under investigation, relaxation of the assumption of conditional independence according to the formulations of the fixed effect (FECD) and random (RECD) with dependent order (h _ k) and M covariates. The application of models to two data sets about the performance evaluation of diagnostic tests used in screening for Chagas disease in blood donors showed results consistent with the sensitivity studies. Overall, we observed for the structure of stratification proposal (EHW) superior performance and estimates closer to the nominal values when compared to the structure of stratification when only the prevalence rates are different between the strata (HW), even when we consider data set with rates of Se, Sp and x close among the strata. Generally, the structure of latent class, when we have low or high prevalence of the disease, estimates of sensitivity and specificity rates have higher standard errors. However, in these cases, when there is high concordance of positive or negative results of the tests, the error pattern of these estimates are reduced. Regardless of the structure of stratification (EHW, HW), sample size and the different scenarios used to model the prior information, the model of conditional dependency from the FECD and RECD had, from the information criteria (AIC, BIC and DIC), superior performance to the structure of conditional independence (CI) and to FECD with improved performance and estimates closer to the nominal values. Besides the connection logit, derived from the logistic distribution with symmetrical shape, find in the link GEV, derived from the generalized extreme value distribution which accommodates symmetric and asymmetric shapes, a interesting alternative to construct the conditional dependence structure from the RECD. As an alternative to the problem of identifiability, present in this type of model, the criteria adopted to elicit the informative priors by combining descriptive analysis of data, adjustment models from simpler structures, were able to produce estimates with low standard error and very close to the nominal values.
Utilização da cinza do bagaço da cana-de-açúcar como agregado miúdo em concretos para artefatos de infraestrutura urbana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-12-16)
Bessa, Sofia Araújo Lima
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Sales, Almir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7377787166073311
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1142385823563089
Brazil is the main sugarcane world-producer and it is the leader in all segments (sugarcane, sugar and alcohol). The waste consisting of sugarcane bagasse is produced at the end of grinding process and it is used to generate energy through burning in boilers. At the end of burning, the ashes of bagasse are often thrown into environment improperly. In this context, the Construction Industry is a sector in which the incorporation of a couple of wastes is propitious, whereas applications of construction materials properties are considered. This research is justified by the need of assess the possibility of use of sugarcane bagasse ash in construction products, especially given its large volume. Used like raw material, the waste would no longer be the primary cause of problems related to public health and the environment. The goal of this research was to analyze the sugarcane bagasse ash (SBA) as a substitute for fine aggregate in concretes and mortars directed to the production of artifacts for the urban infrastructure. The SBA samples were collected in sugar and alcohol mills in the state of São Paulo and, then, they were characterized by physical and chemical tests. The SBA was used in cement mortars with 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 50% and 100% substitution levels. After the mechanical tests, the 30% and 50% levels of SBA were chosen for the study and production of concretes, which were evaluated through dosage studies, mechanical and durability tests, and economical and environment studies for SBA like a substitution of sand. The artifact chosen for analysis was a concrete curb (dimensions 1,00 x 0,15 x 0,30 m) that was used for drainage and pavement of pathways. Regarding the results obtained, the concrete produced with the SBA and cement CP II E 32 (Group C) had the best mechanical results compared to their respective reference series. Regarding durability, it is possible to say that the use of ash as a partial replacement of sand does not affect the service life of concrete artifacts. It can be also concluded that despite the use of the SBA did not diminish significantly the final value of m3 of concrete, the gain in relation to mechanical performance was higher. On the analysis of the artifact, it can be concluded that the guides produced in this research had sufficient mechanical strength to be demolded, transported and stored before use in the same way that guides conventional precast pavement.
Ergonomia e design no projeto de espaços de trabalho: o balcão de atendimento dos Correios
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-12-16)
Fontes, Andréa Regina Martins
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Menegon, Nilton Luiz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5461487552981919
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4848646681792317
This research, compiled from the theoretical foundation in the areas of Ergonomics and Design, takes as object of study the social process of designing in a postal company, in which aims at producing knowledge and assisting with new project practices in the context of Ergonomics. The problem focused the linkage between Ergonomics, Project, and Use detailed by a social process of designing that highlight the question of how conflict of values are materialized in technical devices from the variables and its demonstration of use. The evaluation of the results, aims at redeeming the relationships between the actors and conflicts of meaning repercussions on the construction of the artifact. There were highlighted the conflict of values (matters relating the actors and their relationships), conflicts of variables (questions relating to the project options and interfaces of communication within the group) and inadequacies of use (questions relating to the quality of the object from its use) as means of social structure analysis, the spaces of this practice and obstacles to its achievement were accentuated. The role of the coordinator of the social process of project as a negotiator and interfaces employed as means of language were highlighted as well. In conclusion, the results of the social process-centric approach in the context of Ergonomics can approximate project and use, integrating in the public sphere the phases of the Ergonomic Work Analysis and designing activities. Considering this, the results of this process is not the materialization of technical devices as an end, but as resources capable to bring flexibility and significance to the activity of work, seeking to perceive and conceive the object in use manifestation, i.e., in its social function, including the different aspects that form it.