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Bloqueio dos receptores 5-HT2 da substância cinzenta periaquedutal suprime o efeito ansiolítico resultante do antagonismo dos receptores 5-HT1A do núcleo mediano da rafe em camundongos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-12-15) Souza, Vanessa Nunes de; Souza, Azair Liane Matos do Canto de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2352004564367849; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8438045901614166
Several lines of evidence support the involvement of serotonergic (5-HT) neurons of the median raphe nucleus (MRN) in anxiety-like behaviour. In this context, it is known that blockade of 5- HT1A somatodendritic autoreceptors in the midbrain raphe nuclei increases the firing rate of these neurons, disinhibiting 5-HT release in postsynaptic target areas such as amygdala, hippocampus and periaqueductal grey matter (PAG). However, while activation of 5-HT1A or 5- HT2 receptors in forebrain targets such as the amygdala or hippocampus enhances anxiety-like behaviours in rodents, stimulation of both receptor subtypes in the midbrain PAG markedly reduces anxiety-like behaviour. In view of these findings, the present study investigated whether the anti-anxiety effects induced by pharmacological disinhibition of 5-HT neurons in the MRN are attenuated by the blockade of 5-HT2 receptors within the PAG. Mice received combined intra-PAG injection with ketanserin (10 nmol/0.1 μl), a 5-HT2 receptor antagonist, followed by intra-MRN injection of WAY-100635 (5.6 nmol/0.l μl), a highly selective 5-HT1A receptor antagonist. They were then individually exposed to the elevated plus-maze (EPM), with the videotaped behavioural sessions subsequently scored for both conventional and ethological measures. The results confirmed that intra-MRN infusion of WAY100635 (5.6 nmol/0.l μl)reduces behavioural indices of anxiety without significantly altering general activity measures, and further showed that this effect was completely blocked by intra-PAG pretreatment with an intrinsically-inactive dose of ketanserin (10 nmol/0.1 μl). Together, these results suggest that 5HT2 receptor populations located within the midbrain PAG play a significant role in the reduction of anxiety observed following disinhibition of 5-HT neurons in the MRN.
Doença crônica na infância no contexto de vulnerabilidade social: a experiência da família
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-12-15) Baltor, Marja Rany Rigotti; Dupas, Giselle; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9461883918498554; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6741676673155778
The chronicle disease has a permanent character and long duration. Life style and the person s environment is scenario worsen). When a child has chronicle condition, the familiar life suffers deep modifications, both by the frequent hospitalizations and by the treatment process. The major cause of physical disabilities in the childhood is cerebral palsy. It is caused by damage or bad formation of the brain. It s defined as a group of permanents disorders that affect the posture s development and movement, affecting major senses, self-care activities, behaviors, communication and intellect. There are others facts associated such as the financial impact once the cost of treatment and materials involved in the care of that child raise up with time and became a source of significant worries to the family. In situation of poverty the chronicle condition has a strong impact on the family, therefore it becomes necessary the reflection and recognize mechanisms to support this clientele. It was used Symbolic Interactionism as a theoretical framework and Content Analysis as method. To data collection it was used semistructure interview to compose the genogram and ecomap, which were tools that helped us characterize the family composition. Six families living in an area of social vulnerability composed the study. The data analysis allowed the conclusion that health professionals are not considered as a support or informational resource. The own family is the main support to cope with chronicity, both emotionally and financially. However, even with family s support, the care is centralized in the mother, and its path is considered as lonely and physically intense. The necessity of one of the family members stop working associated with the high cost of the materials destined to the child has a burly financial impact on the family, consequently is required to reorganize the priorities of investments, and the child health assistance is normally selected as the first one. Even with some financial difficulties, they invest in a private health care insurance to the child, as a result of the delays to access care and failure of the public health care system to resolve the problem in a short term, permanents sequels are brought to those in development and growth process.