Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2012-01-16"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 19188

Modelagem de eventos raros: um estudo comparativo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-01-16)
Scacabarozi, Fernanda Nanci
;
Diniz, Carlos Alberto Ribeiro
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3277371897783194
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3609264817897147
In some situations, in various areas of knowledge, the response variable of interest has dichotomous distribution extremely unbalanced. In the _nancial market is the common interest in determining the probability that each customer will commit a fraudulent action, and the proportion of customers fraudsters is extremely small. In health there is interest in determining the probability that a particular person will present some epidemiological infection that a_ects only a small fraction of the population. However, there are studies that show that the usual logistic regression model, widely used in the modeling of binary data, does not produce good results when it is built using databases extremely unbalanced. In the literature, we _nd some proposals for adjusting models them that take into account this characteristic, such as KZ estimators suggested by King and Zeng (2001) for the logistic regression model applied to databases with events rare. We present this methodology and a simulation study to verify the quality of these estimators. Other proposals in the literature are limited logit model suggested by Cramer (2004) that upper limit to the probability of success and the generalized logit model suggested by Stukel (1988) which has two shape parameters and works better than the usual logit model in situations that the probability curve is not symmetrical around the point 1 2 . In this paper we present some simulations to verify the advantages of the use of these models. Palavras-chave: model logit model limited, generalized logit model, logit model with response of origin, KZ estimators, measures forecasts.
Aspectos da biologia, caracterização foliar e manejo químico de Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist (Asteraceae) e Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist (Asteraceae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-01-16)
Inacio, Estela Maris
;
Monquero, Patricia Andrea
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2766526793830455
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5689412549407138
The genus Conyza includes approximately 60 species, which are distributed throughout most of the world. Globally the weed species Conyza canadensis and Conyza bonariensis infest more than 40 types of crops. Both species are noted for their ability to infest abandoned areas (vacant lots and roadsides), pastures, perennial crops (citrus and coffee) and annual crops (cotton, corn, soybeans and wheat). Knowledge of the biology of these weeds is required to inform management actions to control their spread for example to identify which is the best control strategy and time for action. We conducted experiments at the Center for Agricultural Sciences / UFSCar, between 2010 and 2011, to achieve 3 research objectives: (1) determine the germination behavior of C. canadensis and C. bonariensis under different environmental conditions [different temperatures (10oC, 15oC, 20oC, 25oC, 30oC and 35oC), light (with and without), sowing depth (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, and 10 cm) and germination in soils with different textures (sand, intermediate and clay)], (2) characterize the different types of leaf surface of C. bonariensis and C. canadensis by scanning electron microscopy, (3) determine the effects of the application of the herbicide glyphosate (0.42 kg a.i. ha-1), when mixed with ammonium glyphosate (0.5 kg a.i. ha-1), bentazon (0.72 kg a.i. ha-1), chlorimuron-ethyl (0.15 kg a.i. ha-1), carfentrazone-ethyl (0.03 kg a.i. ha-1), 2,4-D (1.0 L a.i. ha-1), metribuzin (0.48 kg a.i. ha-1) and sulfentrazone (0.6 kg ha-1), in addition to these herbicides applied in isolation. For both C. bonariensis and C. canadensis, the best seed germination and germination rate temperature was approximately 250C. Seed germination rate of both species was higher when exposed to light, compared with seeds germinated in the dark. Sowing depth and soil texture also influenced germination, with seeds of both species showing higher emergence rates in intermediate texture soils when they were sown on the soil surface (0 cm), whereas emergence rates declined at sowing depths ≥0.5 cm. Analysis of leaf surfaces revealed that both species are amphistomatic with stomata on the adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces, that the non-glandular trichomes are unicellular and multicellular, and that C. bonariensis has a visually larger amount of trichomes on the adaxial surface. The most effective herbicide treatments for the chemical control of C. bonariensis were glyphosate + ammonium glyphosate, glyphosate + bentazon, glyphosate + chlorimuron - ethyl and glyphosate + metribuzin, whereas for C. canadensis, the best treatments were mixtures of glyphosate + ammonium glyphosate, glyphosate + bentazon and glyphosate + metribuzin.
A cultura como mediadora do desenvolvimento das funções psíquicas superiores na criança: a atividade docente de musicalização na Educação Infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-01-23)
Souza, Carlos Eduardo de
;
Mello, Maria Aparecida
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8338726751746542
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0180561132480429
The present work discusses culture as promoting the development of humanity in humans. The concept of culture working is based on the marxist concept that comprises with culture all production developed by humankind throughout its history. The Historic-Cultural Perspective developed by Vigotsky, based on the theoretical assumptions of dialectical and historical materialism of Marx, was used as a theoretical framework for understanding how culture transforms the humans, modifying its natural functions in higher mental functions. In the methodology we seek to draw a relationship between the historical-cultural theory and its grounding marxist, demonstrating how Vigotsky use of dialectical materialist method in carrying out his studies on the human psyche. In the methodological procedures is presented the form of data collection, which characterizes this research of bibliographic nature, showing what were the criteria for selection of theses and dissertation that were analyzed. In data analysis we seek to demonstrate through the performance of the teacher in the process of teaching music, as he in his mediating activity can promote the chidren s access the culture and, how he, making his practice in the zone of proximal development can enhance the development in of higher mental functions. We discussed how the child in their activity mediated by intencional social relations (in this case, the musicalization at school) and access to culture, develops higher mental functions, unique to humans. Keywords:
Mapa de caracterização do texto científico : produção e funcionamento em disciplinas de química do ensino superior
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-01-24)
Oliveira, Jane Raquel Silva de
;
Queiroz, Salete Linhares
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7925870606416937
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2800602875373171
The main objectives of this research were to develop and to implement a tool ‐ the Characterization Map of Scientific Text ‐ which could assist students in recognizing the structural and rhetorical aspects of the scientific language and to investigate its functioning as a facilitator in improving scientific writing of undergraduate chemistry students and as a scientific texts analysis tool. We adopted the theoretical studies of Latour, Coracini, and Campanario on the rhetoric aspects of scientific articles and the studies of Oliveira and Queiroz on the structural aspects of scientific texts in the chemistry field. We analyzed the main characteristics of the scientific language and elaborated the categories of analysis of the scientific text structural and rhetorical elements, as well as the Preliminary Characterization Map of Scientific Text. We also developed didactic materials about the structural and rhetorical aspects of scientific texts, which were applied in higher education chemistry courses. We analyzed the written production of students in activities about rhetorical aspects using peer review. We analyzed the final scientific texts (reports and miniarticles) written by the students and scientific articles written by researchers in the chemistry field. We also investigated the criteria used by professors in the evaluation of scientific texts assigned related to the courses. From these results we developed the Final Characterization Map of Scientific Text, including considerations reported in the studies of Kelly and Takao, Zohar and Nemet, and Sandoval and Millwood. We also developed didactic material about this final Map, which was applied in a different class. We analyzed the initial and final texts produced by the students of this class, as well as their responses to an evaluation questionnaire about the activities based on the Map under consideration. In the activities about the rhetorical aspects, the students developed skills to recognize and analyze critically such strategies in the scientific texts. In the peer review activities, although some rhetorical aspects were also mentioned, the students focused on the structural aspects of the scientific texts. The texts written by the students showed few rhetorical resources compared to those written by researchers. Although considering some rhetorical aspects, the professors focused on structural aspects in the evaluation of scientific texts assigned related to the course. From the activities based on the Final Characterization Map of Scientific Text, the students understood how the scientific text is structured and strengthened, and they improved their scientific writing using structural and rhetorical elements adequately in written texts.
Família do doente com câncer: percepção de apoio social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-01-24)
Rodrigues, Juliana Stoppa Menezes
;
Ferreira, Noeli Marchioro Liston Andrade
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6899526646546927
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3778200455180493
Cancer is a chronic degenerative disease, considered a public health problem and one of the consequences is to induce the family to live a long time with a diseased family member. This can brake the family apart, because of the treatment process and also causing a demand for a social network that offers the support needed to cope with this complex trajectory. This study is quantitative, descriptive, exploratory cross-sectional, which aimed to characterize the feeling from the families about the social support in cancer patients, assisted by a specialized service in a city of Sao Paulo. All researches considerations with humans were respected. Interviews were conducted with every family that met the inclusion criteria, comprising 69 families and 161 people total. It was used for data collection the following instruments: The family profile of the patient with cancer , Social Support Scale of the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS-SSS) and The Convoy of Social Support Diagram. The interviews were done at their homes with at least family dyads and also after the consent and respecting the date/time stipulated by the family. Data were coded and entered in Microsoft Excel and Biostat 5.0 and analyzed using descriptive and correlational statistics. Patient profiles showed: 65% were female, aged 28-89 years-old and the most prevalent neoplasm was breast cancer (36%), of which 48% were in advanced stages of disease. The second most frequent cancer was prostatic (10%), of which 72% were older 65 years-old. The Convoy of Social Support Diagram showed 506 members in the patient social networks, between 1-89 years-old. The most social network members was female, who knew the patient for 33 years-old on average and 78.7% lived less than 30 minutes from the patient house. The profiles of families showed 28% with only two people in their composition, living in social class D (70%). The MOS-SSS identified that affective support was the most frequently mentioned (88), followed by emotional support (81), material support (80), information support (78) and positive social interaction (76). An average positive correlation was found (p=0.002 e r=0.4) between social support and number of people on the network. Statistically significant associations were found with p<0.0001 between the dimensions of social support and p<0.0003 between the variables number of women in social networks and social support, indicating that social support tends to be greater in larger social network and especially if people are female. It is considered that the possibilities for support of the family are diverse and health professionals have an important role in increasing the viability of the contacts between the micro system (family) and supra system (neighborhood, community and religious organizations), but they must be open to the family, realizing it like a unit of care, recognizing the social network as a fundamental source in the maintenance of wellbeing which improves life satisfaction and effective support. So, identifying and giving the social network its value in the family context and understanding the real needs and potential of the family unit, helps the health professional in the planning of the care centered in the family. This may improve the confront of the families face difficulties inherent to chronic situation and provides a humanized care. The implement of public policies which promote access of population to social support networks is very important.
Caracterização da fabricação e uso de compósitos poliméricos contendo fibras naturais com ênfase no polipropileno/sisal a partir da análise de documentos de patentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-01-24)
Scopel, Felipe
;
Gregolin, José Angelo Rodrigues
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7842651773105125
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3716210326293016
Natural fibers have became important as substitute for synthetic fiber reinforcement and filling in polymer composites, looking for better properties, lower cost and appeal of sustainability. To do so, there are challenges and limitations to be overcome, such as the compatibility of fiber/matrix, the processing temperature, the moisture absorption and so on. The global auto industry, including Brazil, has led the use of composites containing natural fibers in commercial products and also serves as reference to other economic areas. In Brazil, the fomentation agencies have supported projects in natural fibers and their application in composites, with a significant amount of academic research groups working in this area. The aim of this study was to analyze the situation and trends in the manufacturing and use of materials containing natural fibers through patent analysis, with emphasis on sisal, and also to simulate a sisal/polypropylene composite in home appliance part. Materials, processes, practices and actors involved in these composites were mapped, based on indicators made from patent documents. The analysis of patent documents associated with natural fibers and their use in polymer composites, in the period of 1960 to 2009, demonstrated the growing importance of this subject in the world and particularly in Brazil. Among other results, it was found that Brazil holds the 16th position in patenting associated with natural fibers in general and the 12th place in patenting on the sisal fiber, despite being the world's largest producer of sisal and one of the largest producers of natural fibers in general. Companies and individuals assignees have the largest number of patent documents, when compared to universities and institutes. It was possible to make recommendations for the development of a sisal/polypropylene part through exploratory structural simulation. It was also needed to generate new data to enable simulation of the injection process.
Avaliação de programas sociais: uma análise do impacto do Bolsa Família sobre o consumo de alimentos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-01-24)
Baptistella, Juliana Carolina Frigo
;
Ferro, Andrea Rodrigues
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3432809140419477
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9764000286649164
;
Almeida, Alexandre Nunes de
This thesis aims to evaluate the impact of the Bolsa Familia Programme in food consumption of attended families. Given that the beneficiaries are poor and extremely poor families, we want to know what are the program s contribution for security of these families. We used data from the Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares 2008/2009, conducted by the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, related to food consumption of the beneficiary (treatment group) and non-beneficiary (control group) families. Using propensity score matching method was possible to compare families very similar in their observable characteristics. We have found that the program contributes to increase food consumption of beneficiary families, once these families presented statistically and significantly higher expenses than non-beneficiary families. Also, he program collaborates to elevate the proportion of children and youth with normal corporal mass index, and increases the proportion of adults with obesity problems - these results can be indirectly associated.
Metodologia para monitoramento da mortalidade empresarial, e sua aplicação nas empresas de base tecnológica de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-01-25)
Oliveira, Meire Ramalho de
;
Ferrari Júnior, Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1581806209106850
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7648082931441728
This dissertation presents a proposed methodology for monitoring corporate mortality, and some results of its use to evaluate the mortality of technology-based companies in São Carlos, SP. The proposed methodology comprises 12 steps, and provides guidelines for defining the criteria for characterization of mortality (Stage I), selection of sources of information (Stages II and III), choice of the period of observation (Stage V), construction of the universe of research (Stages VII and VIII), determining rates of mortality (Stage XI), and identification of causes of death (Stage XII). The methodology also guides actions for routine monitoring of corporate mortality, and to compare results. The methodology was applied to evaluate the mortality of technology-based companies in São Carlos. The universe of the research was formed by the companies created by the year 2005, organized in four entries, namely ParqTec, GETEC, PIPE, and São Carlos. The criterion used for mortality was the formal closure, as detected in the JUCESP (Board of Trade of São Paulo State), and Internal Revenue Service taxpayer number (CNPJ). The period of observation of mortality ranged between 2006 and 2010. The following mortality rates were obtained: 5.2% of the companies from ParqTec established by 2005 formally ended their activities from 2006 to 2010. Similarly, the mortality was 6.8% of GETEC register, PIPE 0% and the rate of São Carlos register was 5.6%. The causes of death were explored by consulting the leaders of the companies closed. Due to the small number of responses, 8 questionnaires, the results regarding causes of death should not be regarded as conclusive. The methodology contributes primarily to guide the process of designing and implementing research to evaluate business mortality, to guide the choice of methodological alternatives, and comparing results.
Mecanismos reacionais dos sistemas Pb/H2SO4 e Pb/PbO2/H2SO4
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-01-26)
Fernandes, Fabio Plut
;
D'Alkaine, Carlos Ventura
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8699821828310072
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4836435433244717
The thesis will address a modern view of electrochemistry for the discharge and charge reactions of Lead Acid Batteries study. Even though these batteries have existed for more than 200 years, electrochemical mechanisms are still not fully understood. Recently, there is a discussion in Brazil about the need to improve energy accumulation processes that have not kept pace with the development of technologies such as electric car engines, telephony devices, computers. The production of lead-acid batteries is the only Brazilian energy accumulator. These Batteries continue to grow worldwide, increasing their forms of use, leaving the current car starter batteries and stationary stabilizers for hybrid cars (micro and medium hybrid), electric motorcycles, electric trains, mobile phone towers, oil platforms, among others. In this thesis, we started a critical review of the published data bibliography and its meanings. Most of the published work proposes that the mechanisms of unloading and loading the plates are by dissolving precipitation and would be similar. However, studies with negative and positive flat electrodes show almost no dissolution during these electrochemical reactions. Thus, the precipitation dissolution mechanism would not be justified. In the last decades, several studies already indicate that these mechanisms can be understood as solid-state mechanisms by adding the partial disruption phenomenon, which we will explore in this thesis. The literature data shows differences between the negative and positive plates mechanisms that need modern treatments because their discharge products are different films and from nanometer order. Finally, electrochemical and analytical studies will be carried out, with positive and negative flat electrodes. Experimental methods for negative flat electrodes are treated in detail, while positive flat electrodes still have a lot to be developed.
Funcionalidade familiar: um estudo com idosos institucionalizados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-01-26)
Oliveira, Simone Camargo de
;
Pavarini, Sofia Cristina Iost
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1983620301963081
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8872055732480380
Culturally, care delivered to elderly individuals in Brazil is usually provided by families. Even though only 1% of the Brazilian population older than 60 years of age is cared for in long stay institutions, the search for this type of facility has increased, mainly due to population aging and new family arrangements. This study analyzes the relation between family functionality and the variables of age, gender, duration of institutionalization, family composition, depressive symptoms and cognitive changes in elderly individuals residing in long stay facilities in a city in the interior of São Paulo, SP, Brazil. This is a quantitative cross- sectional study with a descriptive correlational design. A total of 107 elderly individuals were individually interviewed using the following: Family APGAR, Mini State Mental Exam, Katz Index, Pfeffer Functional Activities Questionnaire and Geriatric Depression Scale. Outcomes were analyzed by logistic regression analysis using the hierarchical analysis using the Stepwise technique. This study complied with all ethical aspects. In relation to socio-demographic characteristics, the institutionalized elderly individuals were mostly older elderly women (61%), (45%)with a low education level, (87%) Catholic and (45%) widowed. Most independently performed basic daily living activities (46%), but were dependent for instrumental activities of daily living, had depressive symptoms (67%) and cognitive impairment (53%). The results show that 57% of the elderly individuals had a high level of family dysfunction, 22% had good family functionality and 21% moderate family dysfunction. No statistically significant association was found between the family APGAR and the variables gender and age. Elderly individuals with families composed of more distant relatives such as siblings, nephews and nieces, with greater time of institutionalization, depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment were also more dysfunctional. The institutionalization of elderly with time over 3 years (OR = 3.861, p = 0.0285), presence of depressive symptoms (OR = 5.378, p = 0.0044) and family composition formed by brothers / Nephews / Other (OR = 6.812, p = 0.0155) are more likely to experience family dysfunction. These findings can contribute to planning for care delivered to the family of institutionalized families.
O papel dos receptores histaminérgicos H1 da amídala na modulação da ansiedade e evocação da memória emocional em camundongos reexpostos ao labirinto em cruz elevado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-01-27)
Serafim, Kelly Regina
;
Mattioli, Rosana
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8930329663162350
This study investigated the role of H1 amygdala receptors in state-dependent memory deficits induced by L-histidine (LH).To address this question, we investigated the effects of H1 antagonist chlorpheniramine (CPA) microinjected into the amygdala on anxiety and emotional memory retrieval in mice submitted to the EPM. Experimental subjects were 117 adult male Swiss mice weighing 25-32g at testing. Tests using an elevated plus-maze (EPM) were performed on two consecutive days: Trial 1 (T1) and Trial 2 (T2). Before each trial, mice were intraperitoneally (IP) injected with LH (500mg/kg), a histaminergic precursor. Two hours later, they were microinjected with chlorpheniramine (CPA; 0.016, 0.052, or 0.16 nmol/ 0.1 μl), or saline (SAL) into the amygdala, and five minutes later reexposed to the EPM. For each CPA dose administered, the animals were randomly assigned to four groups based on drug treatment: control (i.p injection and i.a SAL), LH-SAL (i.p injection LH and i.a SAL), SAL-CPA (i.p injection SAL and i.a CPA) and LH-CPA (i.p injection of LH and i.a CPA). The data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Fisher LSD tests. IP injection of LH and microinjection of CPA into the amygdala did not induce significant T1 differences between groups for percentages of open arm entries (%OAE) or open arm time (%OAT) (ANOVA, p > 0.05), which indicated that the drugs did not affect anxiety. In T2, the control group and the groups that received IP injection of SAL and an 0.016- or 0.052-mnol infusion of CPA (SAL-CPA) demonstrated significant reductions in open arm exploration (%OAE and %OAT) (p < 0.05), suggesting a retrieval of aversive information concerning the open arms. Importantly, the LH groups that received an injection of SAL (LH-SAL) or CPA (LH-CPA) did not exhibit decreased open arm activity; no significant differences in %OAE and %OAT (p > 0.05) were observed between T1 and T2, suggesting that the LH-induced deficit in emotional memory retrieval was not reversed by CPA injection. Furthermore, animals that received IP injections of SAL and 0.16 nmol infusion of CPA (SAL-CPA) did not exhibit decreased open arm exploration in T2 compared to T1 (p > 0.05). No significant changes were observed in the number of enclosed arm entries (EAE), an EPM index of general exploratory activity. Taken together, these results suggest that the H1 receptors in the amygdala are not implicated in anxiety-like behaviors but are involved in emotional memory deficits induced by the T1/T2 EPM protocol in mice.
Síntese eletroquímica e caracterização de filmes finos de CdZnTe
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-01-27)
Felício, Nathalie Honorio
;
Mascaro, Lucia Helena
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9130022476352844
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6472591049528112
Studies on the electrodeposition of semiconductor films has been developed primarily for the binary chalcogenides. However, there are several ternary systems that are poorly researched and have broad application spectrum, for example, the CdZnTe. In this sense, the objective of this work is to study the electrodeposition process of thin films of CdZnTe semiconductors and evaluate their optical properties, composition and morphology. In this work were used as substrates ITO and Pt electrodes, and CdSO4, ZnSO4, TeO2 solutions in the presence at different support electrolytes (C4H4O6KNa, acetate buffer (pH4) and (NH4)2SO4). The influence of supporting electrolyte in the electrodeposition process and films morphology was also evaluated. It was observed that the most suitable deposition media was sodium and potassium tartrate, because the films were more homogeneous. In this media was studied the influence of bath composition on the morphology, composition and band gap of the films. The films were grown at -1,2 V for 1h. Images obtained by FEG (field-emission scanning electron microscopy) revealed uniform films, and grain refinement was observed for coating deposited on ITO substrate. The films on ITO were analyzed by UV-vis to determine the band gap values, which varied from 1.5 to 1.7 eV, depending on the film composition. The deposition was also performed by multiple pulsed-potentials technique. The deposition potentials, based on the voltammograms, were -0.2, -0.9 and -1.2 V for Te, Cd and Zn, respectively. In these experiments the substrate was Pt and different deposition times were employee for each potential, maintaining a total time of 30 min. The morphology indicated Cd-rich clusters and Te-rich smooth regions, according to the EDX (Energy Dispersive X-ray) data. In order to promote a major change in the composition of ternary films, new deposition conditions were used, in which the elements quantities of the films were adjusted by changing the time on each applied potential and ions concentration. In this case the band gap values were around 1.8 eV, an intermediate value between the band gap of two binary semiconductors, CdTe and ZnTe. The analysis carried out by XRD (Diffraction X-rays) was also an indicative of ternary phase s presence, such as, cubic, tetrahedral and hexahedron. By the proposed methodology, was possible to obtain CdZnTe films with ternaries phases and control its grain size, optical properties and composition. Therefore, the main objective of this study was achieved, since it was possible to obtain films with different stoichiometry and thereby change its properties. The electrodeposits showed optical properties comparable with those of films obtained by physical techniques. Thus, the use of a technique relatively simple and low cost could easily be adjusted to produce these materials on a large scale and allow its use in photovoltaic systems, for example.
Comparação das distribuições α-estável, normal, t de student e Laplace assimétricas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-01-27)
Macerau, Walkiria Maria de Oliveira
;
Milan, Luis Aparecido
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9334093984788993
Abstract The asymmetric distributions has experienced great development in recent times. They are used in modeling financial data, medical, genetics and other applications. Among these distributions, the Skew normal (Azzalini, 1985) has received more attention from researchers (Genton et al., (2001), Gupta et al., (2004) and Arellano-Valle et al., (2005)). We present a comparative study of _-stable distributions, Skew normal, Skew t de Student and Skew Laplace. The _-stable distribution is studied by Nolan (2009) and proposed by Gonzalez et al., (2009) in the context of genetic data. For some real datasets, in areas such as financial, genetics and commodities, we test which distribution best fits the data. We compare these distributions using the model selection criteria AIC and BIC.
As universidades confessionais brasileiras e as reformas da educação superior da década de 1990
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-02-02)
Tavares, Sérgio Marcus Nogueira
;
Riscal, Sandra Aparecida
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6589315109147100
This study has as an objective to examine the consequences of higher education amendments and the institutional transformations it has been suffering in this scenery. It was collected data from four institutions that act in the state of São Paulo, from which two are confessional universities with a historical presence on this sector and the other two are from the business segment that came from the educational amendments and have expanded from it. It has been used the concepts of substantive rationality and formal rationality of economic ends from Max Weber in order to analyze the researched data from the universities, gathered as the following: the concept of university and the academic, management, the economic-financier concept and its relation with society. The confessional universities have became after the amendments, an alternative in crisis, in which the challenge is, from one side, to survive without surrender to the market s logic and keep its identity with no disguises, and on the other side, being acknowledged as such by public policies, in a way of assuring the conditions to act in the search of quality and relevance of Brazilian s superior education.
Determinantes da demanda e da utilização de crédito rural por produtores de bovinos de corte no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-02-03)
Carrer, Marcelo José
;
Souza Filho, Hildo Meirelles de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6178330814144839
The present study aims to identify determinants of the decision of beef cattle farmers on whether or not to demand rural credit. The specific purposes are: i) identify barriers to the rural credit demand by beef cattle farmers in the state of Sao Paulo; ii) identify determinants of adoption of different rural credit contracts by beef cattle farmers and; iii) identify determinants of the volume of rural credit used by beef cattle farmers. The sample comprises data on 86 livestock farmers in 10 regions of São Paulo State. The empirical analysis of the survey data is performed with the estimation of a logit model and with descriptive statistics. The theoretical framework used was the New Institutional Economics applied to the context of rural credit markets, with main focus on screening, monitoring and enforcement problems of rural credit contracts. The results show that all farmers who demanded credit in 2010 had access to it. However, the bureaucracy (which increases transaction costs) inherent in the process of obtaining credit and the fear of losing the collateral has been identified as mechanisms of selfselection and therefore self-exclusion from the process of farmers demand for rural credit. In the logit model results was found that farmers who adopted capital intensive production systems, have off-farm income, have more than one farm, are younger and are affiliated to producers association linked to livestock are more likely to demand rural credit. Some of these variables, such as greater number of farms and income from off-farm activities may present distortions in rural credit policy for beef cattle in São Paulo. Resources under special conditions from the governmental rural credit program may be coming at the hands of farmers who least need these resources. To identify the determinants of the expansion of access and use of rural credit by farmers were also used a logit model. The results showed that farmers who adopted capital intensive production systems, have more farms, are older and adopt risk management mechanisms are more likely to use two or more rural credit contracts. These farmers have adopted different strategies to overcome the volume limits of governmental rural credit, which were presented in the study. We concluded that the relaxation of requirements for obtaining rural credit is not the best mechanism to increase demand and use of rural credit by beef cattle farmers. On the contrary, the relaxation of conditions of access to rural credit can make the results of the rural credit policy disastrous in terms of default and financial sustainability. Last but not least, some suggestions were presented for beef cattle rural credit policy in the State of São Paulo. These suggestions are grounded in the results of econometric models presented here and go beyond the rural credit market itself.
The Lost Experience: estratégias de imersão em jogos de realidade alternada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-02-03)
Mesquita Júnior, Dario de Souza
;
Massarolo, João Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3308336910966465
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3971073259949864
Among the current media forms, the alternate reality games (ARG) is in the spotlights due its capability of giving a ludic experience with strong immersive qualities. Setting its fictional world in sync with everyday reality, the ARG seeks to smear the border between fiction and non-fiction, in order to intensify the experience of the audience. This research analyzes the immersion strategies of alternate reality games based on the study of The Lost Experience (LTE), with the purpose of understanding how the immersion process on the fictional world created by ARGS occurs. Therefore, the main characteristics of alternate reality games are studied, from its main principles established in order to make accessible the fictional world connected to the everyday life of the players, trough the interface of the media. In this process, the concept of immersion is problematized, in order to understand the extension this term receives in front of some perspectives that denote its nature. Visions that lead to a common denominator that connects the notion of immersion with the pleasure of being involved in a sensorial, cognitive and emotional degree towards external stimuli, that as an answer leads an action over the experienced environment. The analysis of the immersion strategies in The Lost Experience helps in the comprehension of how it sets up its fictional world in touch with everyday life, with the goal of creating immersive zones that allows the interaction of players with the elements of its universe.
Dor, qualidade de vida e depressão em mulheres climatéricas adscritas a uma Unidade Básica de Saúde do município de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-02-03)
Dedicação, Anny Caroline
;
Driusso, Patricia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8898319491890063
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7711435683560516
Women are the majority of the Brazilian population and the main users of SUS -Unified Health System. The climacteric is defined as a biological stage of life and not as a pathological process, and comprises the transition between the reproductive and the non-productive period of women s life. It corresponds to the decline of the ovarian function and is characterized by a progressive state of hypoestrogenism, to which a set of multi-organic manifestations affecting women`s health and life in short, medium or long term, is related. The climacteric symptoms involve nocturnal sweating, hot flushes, insomnia, musculoskeletal pain, vaginal dryness, osteoporosis, increase of cardiovascular diseases, emotional lability, irritability, jitters, and depression. In addition to the physical and biological alterations, the socio, economic, and cultural context plays a fundamental role in this transition stage. The average menopausal age is around 51 years, with the gradual increase of the average life expectation reaching 77 years, Brazilian women will live one third of their lives in post-menopause. Currently, about 32% of Brazilian women are in the climacteric stage. The primary attention is the adequate level of attention to meet most of the health needs of climacteric women. In face of, the first study was aimed at investigating the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in climacteric women registered in a Mixed Unity of Health in a low income community in the south of the city of São Paulo. From women participating, 93.55% complained of musculoskeletal pains, and the average of pain in the analogical visual scale is 6.88 (±3.03). Pain is also an element sub-notified by the primary care in Brazil, as they are not specifically registered in the Basic Health Unit. Primary care is responsible to conduct proactive actions in face of the health-disease problems of the population, and to develop activities based on the situational diagnosis. This high rate of pain evidences the needs of women in this stage and the subsequent planning of activities purposed to meet such needs. Taking into account this result, the second study was conducted. The objectives were (1) evaluate the quality of life; (2) evaluate the presence and intensity of climacteric manifestations; (3) evaluate the presence of depressive symptoms in this population. The quality of life of these women had a strong negative impact, especially on the physical component domain. The psychological symptoms were the most prevalent manifestations. With an average of 7.29 (±4,26) in the Menopause Rating Scale, depression was significantly related with the decreased quality of life and the increased symptoms regarding this stage. Although it`s difficult to say that such symptoms are exclusively related to the climacteric, this study provides a situational diagnosis of a population of economically active women living a critical period for the occurrence of musculoskeletal pains, negative impact on the quality of life, and depression. The early detection of symptoms in primary care will determine efficient preventive actions and therapeutic strategies. The use of specific instruments to evaluate the individual complaints helps diagnosing the actual needs, thus producing a more accurate epidemiological survey and a better multidisciplinary clinical management.
Política Nacional de Atenção à Saúde Indígena no Brasil: dilemas, conflitos e alianças a partir da experiência do Distrito Sanitário Especial Indígena do Xingu
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-02-06)
Araújo, Reginaldo Silva de
;
Cardoso, Marina Denise
The Brazilian State, in order to start a new political relationship with indigenous communities, implemented, in 1999, the National Policy of Attention to Indigenous Health (PNASPI), through the National Health Foundation (FUNASA) and 34 Special Indigenous Sanitary Districts (DSEIs) located in the national territory. The new health policy for the indigenous areas, structured within the differentiated attention Subsystem and integrated into the Unified Health System (SUS), proposed a participatory model of Civil Society-State comanagement, via council or public policy managers, cooperation agreements with NGOs and other participatory experiences. Just likeit probably occurred in other indigenous territories, the implementation of a new State Agency in the Xingu brought a creative process of political and cultural adaptationto local leaders, generating the possibility of an inter-ethnic negotiation field. It was therefore from this political scenario that the research proposed to understand the indigenous leaders' forms of practice and their representations. Thus, it sought to observe the strategies of the region s representatives who "make pacts" and "negotiate" with the various organizations responsible for the implementation of health public policies (FUNASA, City Halls and NGOs), oriented by constitutional principles that ensure (universal) rights and (differentiated) specificities regarding preventive health care to these and all other indigenous groups within the national territory. The analysis of these forms of organization and political activity also sought to observe how the implementation of the health policy and its institutional arrangements generated a redesigning of the policy practices established between indigenous peoples and the State. Thus, even though indigenous leaders have not articulated a homogeneous position regarding the State's "offer" of partnership through NGOs and management councils,many of which with goals to ensure recognition and political spaces both in the national scene and in their traditional systems of organization, they started a project that pursues the enlargement of the memberships and a change in the organizational structure of the State.The movement, conducted by the leaders of the Alto Xingu, involves a participatory model of comanagement, whose practice does not dispense a few moments of consummation of the identity among the actors who make up this participatory experience.
Proposta de um modelo para a adequação dos sistemas de medição de desempenho aos níveis de maturidade da gestão da cadeia de suprimentos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-02-06)
Frederico, Guilherme Francisco
;
Martins, Roberto Antonio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3518820028045730
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2943287133656834
ABSTRACT Supply chains are becoming increasingly important for companies to survive in today's competitive market. Theories and methods that contributing to the improvement of its management are important elements for research and development in the field of Industrial Engineering. Considering the performance measurement systems as one of these elements, this thesis aims to propose an adequacy model of performance measurement systems and its maturity to the maturity levels of supply chain management due to the lack of a study that shows the relationship between these two elements. For this were studied the performance measurement systems and its maturity as well as the maturity models for supply chain management enabling to build a theoretical model of relationship between these two elements. Using the multiple case method applied on three different analyze units it was possible to analyze the theoretical model purposed. As the main results of this research, in most of cases, was identified the existence of a relationship between the maturity of performance measurement system and maturity of supply chain management, although not always all elements of maturity of these two elements are in the same level of development. As contribution, this model aims to present a new approach to the theory of the performance measurement systems in the supply chain management, as well as, to provide to the practitioners the correct alignment between the maturity of supply chain management and maturity of performance measurement systems.
A comunicação da ciência nas campanhas de saúde online : um estudo de caso do Portal da Saúde
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-02-07)
Berbel, Danilo Brancalhão
;
Rigolin, Camila Carneiro Dias
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2388584081961836
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5394542044363303
The first registrated public health campaigns in Brazil occurred in the 19th century, when the government created the royal press. In the beginning of 20th century, Oswaldo Cruz s sanitarism s initiatives focused in health campaigns. This approach culminated, sometimes, in insurrection and manifestations. In 1925, the concept of health education brought new perspectives to public approach, intending to change individual behaviors in order to guarantee a healthier life. Later, the concept of health promotion, overcame it, going beyond the goals of providing information and changing behavior: the objective is law proposals and other mechanisms to help people. The history of Brazilian health campaigns is full of faults and skills. A lot of papers have already reviewed these campaigns, but no one investigated the virtual environment provided by the internet in the Brazilian context. The main goal of this research is to investigate how online health campaigns talks to the public, according to the scientific models of communication and to the concepts of health education and health promotion. This paper studies the online campaigns of health alimentation, vaccination and medicines indexed on the Portal da Saúde Brazilian Health Ministry s website. Health education is prevalent in campaigns approach, as the contextual and cognitive deficit models. We conclude that there are a lot of available resources to improve the dialogue to the public, but the online campaigns use communication models to frame medical or scientific authority, providing information and behavior changes. Key-words: health campaigns, online campaigns, models of scientific communication, health education and promotion. ...