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Reflexões sobre a tecnociência: uma análise crítica da sociedade tecnologicamente potencializada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-02-23) Ogiboski, Vitor; Sousa, Cidoval Morais de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0573233540937425; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9809784740208044
Dynamics of S&T development and its application is transforming modern society since the beginning of scientific revolution in the early seventeenth century. Political, economic, environmental and social elements undergo continuous changes through intricate relationship between these two forces, handled as synonymous for progress and evolution, but has placed humanity on alert due to its controversial effects, from the construction and use of chemical and nuclear weapons up to the effects of increased deforestation and environmental pollution. Thus, technoscience, a term used within the STS studies to describe the disfigurement of scientific development, has become a source of hazards and damages to modernity. This research is concerned on understanding the way technoscientific development has occurred and what are its controversial effects produced. Through a sociological and historical interpretation, the work is divided into four parts: the first attempts to evidence how technoscience is formed and what is its relationship with global capital. In the second part, through the theories of sociology of science classic authors , the aim is to understand the internal and epistemological aspects of the technoscientific practice. In the third part it will be analyzed the negative effects and damages that S&T brought to the present. In a last part, through the STS approach and Social Technology concepts, it will be presented some reflections about the possibility and need for a socio-technical adequacy.
IASWS - abordagem iterativa para desenvolvimento de software utilizando web services
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-02-23) Nakagawa, Hiromiti; Penteado, Rosângela Aparecida Dellosso; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4061946080136286; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9134602069408941
Software system development demands appropriate tools, technologies and development processes in order to create systems that meet customer s business needs while being flexible enough to cope with business evolution and constant changes. Service-Oriented Computing (SOC) is an IT paradigm that might help on such development as long as a development process is established to address its peculiarities. As part of this work some of these processes were analyzed and it was observed that several of them focus on development of systems composed exclusively by services, which is not always interesting: first when building software s graphical user interface, second when the business logic that gives competitive advantage needs to be encapsulated, or third at enterprises starting the SOC adoption. In these cases a mix of Object-Oriented (OO) elements and SOC principles, concepts, technologies and techniques could be used to provide better results. This work presents an iterative approach to develop software that uses OO and services, named IASWS (Iterative Approach for Software Development using Web Services) based on the Incremental model. It incorporates business process modeling using BPMN; XP and SoaML profile. This approach differs from the others as it allows services and SOC gradual adoption and is comprised of nine phases: Requirements Identification, Business Process (BP) and Services Contextualization, Service Design, Service Implementation, Service Testing, Solution Design, Solution Implementation, Solution Testing and Acceptance Verification. This dissertation is focused on the four initial phases: Requirements Identification, BP and Services Contextualization, Service Design and Solution Design which are responsible for: system requirements gathering, requirements analysis and solution elaboration, service design and solution design. Software increments are delivered as iterations complete and includes the implementation of one or more business process. Delivering software increments to the customer allows for development progress visualization and provides feedback on what had been implemented. Business process modeling using BPMN contributes to understanding customer s business area and improves requirements identification. Services are modeled and specified using SoaML profile allowing automatic code generation at the implementation phase. Two examples applying approach to development were carried out to investigate the IASWS applicability.
O Congresso Nacional brasileiro e os direitos humanos no pós-redemocratização (1988-2010)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-02-23) Soares, Alessandra Guimarães; Diniz, Simone; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9726360676770459; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4942713174217833
The proposition of this research is to analyse the partipation of the congress in foreing policys through the international acts of human rights, approved by the congress after the 1988 constitution. The option for this specific theme of international acts is justified by the change introduced by 45/2004 constitutional amendment that added the § 3º the the 5º article of the federal constitution of 1988. Our objectives are: (i) Verify how this theme, human rights, entered the brazilian agenda. For that we used the approach of the international regimes theory; (ii) analyse what is the congress performance in foreing policy in human rights in two different moments: before and after the promulgation of the 45/2004 amendment; (iii) point if there were changes in the participation of the legislative powee after the 45/2004 amendment. To that will be analysed the processing and the debates in both congress houses, chamber of deputies and the federal senate, regarding the international acts of human rights of the United Nations Universal System. The results that were found showed that the amendment, in a way, borught a bigger protagonism to the legislative in this specific theme and that are other ways for this power to participate beyond those in the described in the constitutional text.
Avaliação de características cinéticas e metabólicas de dois hibridomas para produção de anticorpos monoclonais para tipagem sanguínea
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-02-23) Silva, Bruna Gabriela; Suazo, Cláudio Alberto Torres; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5330234624512448
The large scale production of monoclonal antibodies is the Biotechnology field that has achieved the biggest advances and realizations over the last 20 years, especially in the area of diagnosis and therapeutic applications. The world market of products for clinical diagnosis reached the value of US$ 19.0 billions in 2008 and continues to grow at a rate of 5 % per year. The development of bioprocesses of high productivity in large scale production of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) depends on the determination and optimization of various kinetic and metabolic parameters of hybridomas. The aim of this study was to analyze kinetic and metabolic characteristics of murine hybridomas for production of immunoglobulins for blood typing by the ABO system, of great interest to the Brazilian public health. Three strains of murine hybridomas named ED7, ED9 and TAN generated in a brazilian research center to produce the antibodies anti-A, anti-B and anti-A,B, respectively, were evaluated for this purpose. Using only two lineage, ED7 and ED9, because of presenting bigger potential and stability for production of AMs in large scale, experiments of cultivation were carried out in spinner flask of 500 mL and in biorreator (Bioflo-110) of 2L, using culture media RPMI 1640 and MAb Quantum Yield-BD, both with addition of 10 % v/v of fetal bovine serum. The first one being the medium of origin of the hybrid clones, in some cases supplemented with amino acids (Gln, Met, Cys, Ser, Lys and Pro), and the second, a new alternative medium to which the hybridomas had to be adapted before the cultivation experiments. The results showed the need for additional nutritional balance of the media, especially RPMIS, to meet the nutritional demands of the two hybridomas. Through nutritional balance and cultivation in better controlled conditions in the bioreactor, it was possible to raise the maximum specific growth rate μmax from 0.0304 ± 0.0014 h-1 to ±0.0329 0.002 h-1 and the productivity of AM from 0.031 mg/L.h to 0.077 mg/L.h with the lineage ED7. With the lineage ED9 the μmax decreased from 0.0412 ± 0.0024 h-1 to 0.0373± h-1 but increased the productivity of AM from 0.030 mg / L.h to 0.040 mg / L.h. On the other hand, agglutination tests showed that the antibodies were functional and with titles stable and within normal limits. Despite the gains in productivity of the two AMs, the results highlighted a typical problem found in vitro cultivation of hybridomas, which is characterized by deregulation of its metabolism in the presence of high concentrations of glucose and glutamine, conduzing to overproction of the metabolites lactate and amonia. Because of this, one can predict that the future development of the bioprocess for the production of anti-A and anti-AB has to go through a stage of evaluation and system optimization in fed batch cultivation.
Representações de professores em formação em relação à internet no ensino de português para estrangeiros em contexto de imersão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-02-23) Gallardo, Julio Orlando; Viana, Nelson; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6252579012192711; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3777259946152038
Com este estúdio, exploratório, de naturaleza cualitativa y etnográfica, inscripto en el área de la Linguística Aplicada, objetivamos (re)conocer las representaciones de profesores sobre la utilización de internet para la enseñanza de portugués para extranjeros. Partimos de la hipótesis de que algunos profesores del área son guiados por una competencia implícita cuando seleccionan, manejan y presentan materiales autenticos en internet destinados a promover tareas o actividades significativas. El núcleo del marco teórico del estudio fue construido con base en Almeida Filho (993) en lo que se refiere al Modelo de la Operación Global de Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación, y en Prensky (s/d), en lo que concierne a los conceptos de Inmigrante Digital y Nativo Digital. La creación de datos fue realizada en una Universidad Nacional del interior paulista (Brasil), durante el primer semestre de 2011. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: grabación en áudio, con la posterior transcripción; cuestionarios aplicados a aprendientes y a profesores en formación de PLE; diario del investigador. Fueron observados tres grupos y los análisis fueron realizados sobre dos grupos, uno con hablantes de español y otro con hablantes de otras lenguas. Para alcanzar los objetivos propuestos en el estudio, fue necesario observar y analizar las acciones de profesores de portugués para extranjeros en clase, lo que nos permitió obtener una comprensión amplia sobre sus acciones, a partir de las cuales fue posible comprender y (re)conocer sus representaciones y caracterizar los usos de internet en la práctica didáctica.
A Escola Militar do Realengo e a formação do oficial do Exército Brasileiro (1904 1929)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-02-23) Marcusso, Marcus Fernandes; Ferreira Junior, Amarilio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0748545841167046; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0102407532857237
This dissertation is inserted in the area of foundations of Education of the Program of Post-Graduation in Education of the Federal University of São Carlos. The objective of this dissertation is to analyze the Military Academy of Realengo in the period 1913 to 1929, and teaching it in order to characterize the type of officer who sought to form this teaching. Other objectives are to analyze the teaching of Military Academy of Praia Vermelha, the predecessor of EMR in the training of officers, and the study of the conditions of the army and military education in the period before the founding of the EMR between 1905 and 1913. We assume that, between 1913 and 1929, EMR has served as a laboratory of the Army for the experiments about which education /instruction would be ideal for building the Army frame. The primary sources occupy a privileged place in this dissertation, with emphasis on primary sources handwritten, printed, oral and virtual. Source official personnel file, memorialistic reports, interviews and memoirs. The studies allowed the identification of three periods of "educational experiments" in the EMR. The first period, from 1913 to 1918, was essentially marked by the scarcity of resources of all kinds: human, material and disciplinary. The second period from 1918 to 1922, was marked by a wave of modernization that aimed to train an officer with technical knowledge and more advanced practitioners, with a strict discipline and preparation to perform the duties of commanding troops. The third and last period begins in 1922 with the penetration of French officers in the EMR with the drafting of a new regulation for the military school which proposed the formation of an officer who kept their technical and professional knowledge, strict discipline, and readiness for perform the function of commanding troops, but he saw as a prerequisite for the incorporation of these skills a cultural scientific broader than was being offered.
A comunicação como ferramenta de gestão tecnológica da universidade pública: as agências de inovação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-02-23) Fabiano, Neylor de Lima; Kerbauy, Maria Teresa Miceli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4762029784021248; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0302588912356217
The recent changes in Brazilian legislation to stimulate the innovation have influenced the functioning of public universities. The regulation of mechanisms of intellectual property management and technology transfer originated the innovation agencies, which are the scope of this work, trough STS studies (Science, Technology and Society). It assumes that their action has contributed to improve communication with the various university publics, helping to promote a cultural change towards innovation. The objective of this research is to identify, analyze and understand how the public university uses its structure and communication resources, through its agencies, to fulfill its institutional mission. It also aims to identify the perception of of its agents on the subject. The sample includes the innovation agencies of the Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos, Universidade Estadual de Campinas and Universidade de Sao Paulo. The qualitative case study used as methodology the Content Analysis, conducted from data collected in interviews with leaders and advisors. The investigation indicates a low level of international integration of communication activities, on which the legislation lacks regulatory elements; shows a consensus in the agents perception about the existence of a change in the academy stance on innovation, aligned with the role of university to promote social and economic development; appoints that the new legislation is one of the factors for that cultural change, together with the development of ICTs and the growing demand for the country.
Desenvolvimento de ambiente integrado para simulação e otimização estática da produção de etanol a partir de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar por rota bioquímica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-02-23) Furlan, Felipe Fernando; Giordano, Roberto de Campos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4136352953168873
Sugarcane bagasse is an interesting option for second generation ethanol production. However, its use for this purpose is constrained by the energetic self-suficiency of the industrial plant, apart from the necessary economic considerations, given other possible uses for sugarcane bagasse. It was proposed in this work the development of a tool to assist economic and process-related decisions regarding the production of ethanol from sugarcane juice and bagasse, through stationary simulation and optimization of the first and second generation ethanol production process. A new approach for distillation columns simulation using equation-based simulators was presented, using multilinear interpolation. This approach allowed the simulation of the process of ethanol production, which employs a set of distillation columns for ethanol purification, that would otherwise present convergence problems, especially during the optimization step in which several conditions are tested. Results show that the methodology was able to reproduce the nonlinear behavior of the set of distillation columns with enough precision for the work developed here. The tool was tested for second generation ethanol production using organosolv as pretreatment. The results show that the implemented stochastic optimizer was able to find the optimal condition for an objective function representing the cash ow of the plant, which was confirmed by the contour plots obtained for this function. The tool also allows the analysis of steam consumption distribution for each section of the industrial plant, which enables the determination of the impact of second generation ethanol production on the general process.
Efeito do uso de contraceptivos orais e do treinamento pliométrico na biomecânica do membro inferior em atividades funcionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-02-23) Lobato, Daniel Ferreira Moreira; Serrão, Fábio Viadanna; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3736858758375395
The aim of Study 1 was to evaluate the effects of using oral contraceptives (OC) on the hip and knee kinematics of healthy women during single-leg squat. Forty two volunteers were divided into two groups: women who had used OC (n= 21) and women who did not use OC (n= 21). The knee abduction/adduction, hip abduction/adduction and medial/lateral rotation excursions (maximum and at 75º of knee flexion) were calculated for the dominant limb during single-leg squat. No significant difference was verified between the groups regarding the maximum excursion of knee abduction (p= 0.26) or hip adduction (p= 0.10) and medial rotation (p= 0.94). When considering the knee flexion at 75º, no significant difference was verified between the groups regarding the excursion of knee abduction (p= 0.31) or hip adduction (p= 0.11) and medial rotation (p= 0.85). These results suggest that the use of OC does not influence the hip and knee kinematics during single-leg squat. As a complement, the aim of Study 2 was to evaluate the effects of using OC on the hip and knee kinematics of healthy women during anterior stair descent. Forty volunteers were divided into two groups: women who had used OC (n= 20) and 2 - women who did not use OC (n= 20). The knee abduction/adduction, hip abduction/adduction and medial/lateral rotation excursions were calculated for the dominant (supporting) limb during anterior stair descent. No significant difference was verified between the groups regarding the maximum excursion of knee abduction (p= 0.58) or hip adduction (p= 0.29) and medial rotation (p= 0.42). When considering the knee flexion at 50º, no significant difference was verified between the groups regarding the excursion of knee abduction (p= 0.92) or hip adduction (p= 0.50) and medial/lateral rotation (p= 0.19). These results suggest that the use of OC does not influence the hip and knee kinematics during anterior stair descent. The aim of Study 3 was to verify the effects of eight-week plyometric training (PT) on hip and knee kinematics and on eccentric hip and knee torques, as well as on lower limb functional performance in healthy women. Thirty-six females were divided into a training group (TG; n= 18), and a control group (CG; n= 18). Kinematic analyses of the hip and knee was carried out during the single-leg squat and the functional performance was evaluated by way of the triple hop (TH) test and the six-meter timed hop (STH) test. The eccentric hip abductor, adductor, lateral rotator and medial rotator as well as the knee flexor and extensor torques/body weight were measured using an isokinetic dynamometer. After 8 weeks, the TG showed a decrease in maximum excursion to knee abduction (p= 0.009) and in maximum excursion to hip adduction (p<0.001), as well as in the excursion to hip adduction at 75º of knee flexion (p=0.002). Moreover, the TG significantly increased the values obtained in the TH test (p=0.05) and significantly decreased those obtained in the STH test (p<0.001) after intervention. However, there was no significant change on hip and knee eccentric torques. Thus, eight weeks of PT were effective to improve hip and knee kinematics and functional performance of women in hop tests. However this was apparently not an effective method to promote strengthening of the hip and knee muscles when used alone