Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2012-03-05"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 19066

Identificação de graus de ansiedade à matemática em estudantes do ensino fundamental e médio: contribuições à validação de uma escala de ansiedade à matemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-05)
Mendes, Alessandra Campanini
;
Carmo, João dos Santos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1263046410329694
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9829277329129396
The learning of mathematics has been characterized by aversion due to several failures in trying to learn its contents. Besides the traditional difficulties of learning mathematics, such as dyscalculia and acalculia, possibly related to organic and developmental disorders, the international literature has highlighted a new field of research: the mathematics anxiety. A phenomenon characterized by a specific set of unpleasant physiological reactions as well as cognitive and behavioral components which occur in the presence of simple or complex mathematical stimuli and contingencies of learning mathematics, or in contexts that require the use of mathematical repertoires. In Brazil, however, there are few studies about the identification of different degrees of math anxiety in students with different educational levels. In the analyzes of this study it was observed that the distribution of student responses is a normal distribution, which allowed the testing of medium and correlational tests. In addition, we observed a Cronbach's alpha coefficient, with a value of 0.900, which indicates that the instrument used is consistent. Thus, this study had as first objective to identify different degrees of math anxiety in elementary school students Cycle II (6th to 9th grade) and High School (1st, 2nd and 3rd grade) - correlating the variables gender, age, grade, public and private schools. The second objective was to identify which items of the scale typically generated high levels of anxiety, listed by the students. In Spearman correlation analysis, the results indicated a significant difference between the variables period (p = 0.005 and r = 0.084) and education system (p = 0.001 and r = -0.104) and there was no significant correlation between total scores and the variables age (p = 0.188 and r = -0.040), gender (p = 0.178 and r = -0.040), grade (p = 0.282 and r = -0.032), educational level (p = 0.503 3 r = 0.020). In the Student s t test and Anova, the analysis indicated a significant difference between the average of students responses in the variable education system (p = 0.001) and period (p = 0.018). No significant differences in the variables: gender (p = 0.104), instructional level (p = 0.476), grade (p = 0.154), age (p = 0.064). The results of the chi-square test indicated that high levels of anxiety occurred in 12 out of 24 scale situations and these situations indicated punishment or not, which involves the teaching methodologies as well as the individual learning of mathematics.
Trabalhadores nos canaviais de Alagoas: um estudo sobre as condições de trabalho e resistência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-05)
Verçoza, Lúcio Vasconcellos de
;
Silva, Maria Aparecida de Moraes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6792025643983370
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5426759381802381
The most recent process of productive restructuration of Alagoas´ sugarcane agro industry initiated in the 1990 modified profoundly the criterions of workers selections, the labor organization and its way of management. Those changes, which affect directly the workers, resulted in the intensification of the work rhythm, elevation of its productivity and decrease of job numbers. In the core of those configurations in the relationship between capital and work, the purpose of the present dissertation is to analyze how the exploration-domination of the labor force is processed and ways of resistance constituted by the sugarcane worker in Alagoas. To achieve this purpose, were realized field research and interview with sugarcane cutters, formers sugar mill residents, unemployed workers, brail operator, bituqueiros , cabos (inspectors) and leaders of rural labor union. The interviews were leaded by the oral history methodology. The municipal district of Teotônio Vilela was the empiric universe privileged, though it concentrates a large number of workers employed in many sugar factories in the south of Alagoas.
Habilidades sociais relevantes para alunos com e sem necessidades educacionais especiais segundo avaliação do professor
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-05)
Amaro, Livia de Castro Pereira
;
Del Prette, Almir
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2191226494887247
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5270799550828692
In our culture school plays an important role in our children's development, as it promotes not only academic skills but also social skills. It is important to consider the role of teachers in the social and emotional development of their students hence this study aims to gather information on the variables which influence the value they place on their students' social skills as such information is currently lacking. We will begin by a) identifying the skills teachers considered most important for the social and emotional development of the students b) comparing teachers´ evaluations of the importance of social skills for children who have and don t have special educational needs. We will also look to identify possible influences of the variables age, gender, socio-economic status, level of qualification, length of time as a teacher and age group worked with on the importance placed on social skills. In order to achieve these goals, this study interviewed 70 teachers who worked in the first five grades of public regular elementary schools. Eighty per cent of them answered they had in their classroom, or have had in the last two years, at least one student with special educational needs. The participants were asked to rate the importance of each social skill in the social and emotional development of their students who had and who didn´t have special educational needs. These ratings were then transformed into scores and analyzed according to the principles of descriptive and non parametric statistics. The results showed that social skills related to civility, empathy and academic performance were more important to the teachers. Comparing the means of the total importance scores using the Wilcoxon test it was possible to see that the participants considered learning social skills more important to children without special needs. Of all the teachers´ characteristics analyzed in this study, only graduation appears to exert significant influence on how the importance of students' development of social skills is rated. Participants who had completed their education considered social skills less important in childhood, than those who did not graduate or those who had completed post graduate study.
Freud e os modelos biológicos de explicação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-05)
Martins, Eduardo de Carvalho
;
Simanke, Richard Theisen
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5431145327759147
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4618092653487544
Although Freud has explicitly reclaimed that psychoanalysis belongs to the field of natural science, subsequent philosophic and epistemological criticism tends to refuse the Freudian intention and to place his theories among the human sciences (Habermas, Ricoeur, Schafer, Klein, among others); or to consider it as an unsuccessful naturalistic project, unable to achieve the minimum request of scientificity (Popper, Grünbaum, etc.). In this work we intend to show how several models used by Freud have resulted in different interpretations of psychoanalysis. This thesis is an exegetic study of the explanation models utilized by Freud and the methodological procedure to do it was not only based on his work but also on the contemporary discussion in the field of evolutionary biology whose influences upon Freud have already been indicated by several authors (Sulloway, Ritvo, etc.), although, in general, they only point the presence of biological themes in the elaboration of the Freudian theory, without relating it to a constitution of a psychological explanation model simultaneously historic and naturalistic.
A história da geometria nos livros didáticos e perspectivas do PNLD
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-05)
Pimentel, Guilherme Henrique
;
Vilela, Denise Silva
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8155152145332951
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3445101782853027
The purpose of this research is to analyze ways to approach the history of mathematic text books in 9th grade in elementary school. For this we take as the documents mathematics textbooks listed by Plano Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD). The PNLD is a public policy that is effective and follows the Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCN), select, purchase and distribute textbooks throughout the country for all levels of education. Among the requirements of the PNLD is the inclusion of the history of mathematics that can be used as a means to achieve the contextualization and interdisciplinary suggested by official documents. The textbooks are understood as symbolic forms so that this analysis context and allow a look at the approach that relates the history of mathematics in the textbook with the current situation of education in the country. The research is qualitative in that it performs content analysis on the themes of history textbooks in geometry. The analyzes indicate that the textbooks try on the one hand, serve the PNLD and include the history of mathematics, but do not reach the intended objectives and are lacking as to whether this approach with regard to problem solving, developing content and interdisciplinary, which is predominantly informative history of mathematics and use, for example, charges that in addition to distort, can present a contrast between the idealization of the genius scientist and the demystification of the same. And then, on the one hand for the PCN, PNLD intends reconfigurations in the educational field, on the other, the school and textbooks are still organized in a linear manner and discipline. Changes perceived by the analysis of textbooks from different periods of history are more significant in terms of significant changes to graphics, also provided by technological advances in the publishing field. On the one hand, current textbooks that address various aspects of the proposed PCN, since they were selected through PNLD, it is clear that contextualization and interdisciplinary is somewhat superficial, or are somehow present, but not so structural rather than aggregated as the traditional organization. From the point of view of content, books remain the same adding the incentive for new methodologies and items to bring more than illustrations, historical information, challenges, games etc. The content itself and your thread have not changed significantly.
Involuções fixando muitas componentes e melhorias para o 5/2-Teorema de J. Boardman
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-05)
Desideri, Patrícia Elaine
;
Pergher, Pedro Luiz Queiroz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3328545959112090
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2225952965861879
Let (Mm; T) be a smooth involution on a closed smooth m-dimensional manifold and F = n [j=0 Fj (n < m) its fixed point set, where Fj denotes the union of those components of F having dimension j. The famous Five Halves Theorem of J. Boardman, announced in 1967, establishes that, if F is nonbounding, then m _ 5 2n; further, this estimative is best possible. In this work, we obtain improvements of this theorem, by imposing certain conditions on F. The main result of the work is in Chapter 4, where the improvements in question are obtained by taking into account the decomposability degree of the components of F. Specifically, let ! = (i1; i2; :::; it) be a non-dyadic partition of j, 2 _ j _ n, and s!(x1; x2; :::; xj) the smallest symmetric polynomial over Z2 on degree one variables x1; x2; :::; xj containing the monomial xi1 1 xi2 2 :::xit t . Write s!(Fj) 2 Hj(Fj ;Z2) for the usual cohomology class corresponding to s!(x1; x2; :::; xj). The decomposability degree of Fj , denoted by l(Fj), is the minimum length of a non-dyadic partition ! with s!(Fj) 6= 0 (here, the length of ! = (i1; i2; :::; it) is t). Suppose the fixed point set of (Mm; T) has the form F = ( j [k=0 Fk) [ Fn, where 2 _ j < n < m and Fj is nonbounding. Write n �� j = 2pq, where q _ 1 is odd and p _ 0, and set m(n �� j) = 2n + p �� q + 1 if p _ q and m(n��j) = 2n+2p��q if p _ q. Then we prove that m _ m(n��j)+2j +l(Fj). In addition, given a non-dyadic partition ! = (i1; i2; : : : ; it) of j, 2 _ j < n, we develop a method to construct involutions (Mm; T) with F of the form F = ([k
Tornar-se aluno(a) indígena: a etnografia da escola Guarani Mbya na aldeia Nova Jacundá
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-06)
Marqui, Amanda Rodrigues
;
Cohn, Clarice
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1714080901123094
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1696584969032916
This dissertation investigates the teaching and learning process and the pedagogical practices of Guarani Mbya child from Nova Jacundá, in the southeast of Pará. Its intent is to comprehend what is to becoming/become (Toren 2004) an indigenous student. The child will be taken as a social actor who is active and a culture producer (Cohn 2005), and we took the school as the place where child become students, like the practice of autopoietic (Toren 1999), therefore, a place which produces meaning to their world. So, my ethnography intents to comprehend how these child produce meaning in the school context and, as indigenous students, how they take the school as a frontier place (Tassinari 2001) where the knowledge is articulated, and the Guarani Mbya way of being and their teaching practices with the knowledge and the pedagogical methods. This ethnography of a Guarani Mbya school will contribute to the comprehension of meaning assigned by child going to school, place where are created new forms of knowledge construction indigenous and non-indigenous in new relations, beyond of those made in their own Guarani learning process.
Nanofios de Ge : síntese e dispositivos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-06)
Kamimura, Hanay
;
Chiquito, Adenilson José
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7087360072774314
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2414357209169841
Abstract In this work, germanium nanowires' based devices were studied and developed and the influence of natural disorder on the electronic properties of these structures was also investigated. Parameters related to the current transport mechanisms, such as electron mobility, localization length and Schottky barrier height were determined. Such investigations were carried out initially by the fabrication of germanium nanowires using the vapour-liquid-solid method with gold nanoparticles acting as catalysts for the growth process. Morphological and structural characterizations were performed to obtain information about the material: the X-ray di_raction analysis showed a good agreement with the cubic structure of germanium and its diamond-like structure; by scanning and transmission electron microscopy it was found samples with diameter from 20 to 150 nm and length up to tens of micrometers. Furthermore, these techniques allowed the observation of an oxide layer on the surface of the nanowires, whose disordered interface originates localized states, which can also be responsible for changes in electronic properties of the system. Di_erent types of devices were developed for the investigation of the electronic transport in germanium nanowires. The experiment performed on each device allowed the analysis of the disorder's influence on the measured properties: electronic transport within the temperature ranges used for the experiments was dominated by the variable range hopping mechanism, characteristic of disordered systems instead of the expected thermal excitation, typical of semiconductor materials. Further confirmation of these data was obtained using transistor devices and the carrier mobility was found to be lower than the commonly observed values for germanium. These data also agree with the fact of disordered systems exhibits low mobility values due to the presence of localized states. Finally, it was used a device specially designed for the study of the metal/nanowires interface characteristics. In order to determine the Schottky barrier height a two barriers model was used (including temperature dependence). The obtained values (from 0.48 to 0.54 eV ) were di_erent from the usual (0.58 eV for germanium/aluminium contact), which also shows and con_rms the presence of localized states at the metal/nanowire interface, following Bardeen's model for the Schottky barrier formation. To complement this analysis theoretical simulation values for Schottky barrier (∼ 0.5 eV ) were calculated taking into account the contribution of surface states. This value corresponding to density of states of 1012 ∼ 1013cm−2eV −1. Comparing both theoretical and experimental Schottky barrier heights, the presence of localized states generated by disorder was confirmed.
Clonagem gênica e caracterização de uma enzima tipo-luciferase de coleópteros não bioluminescentes e sua relação com a origem da atividade luminescente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-06)
Prado, Rogilene Aparecida
;
Viviani, Vadim Ravara
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3942043373510668
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3202205839573412
Bioluminescence in beetles is dependent on luciferase which evolved from AMP/CoA ligases. The cDNA of a luciferase-like enzime was cloned from the Malpighian tubules of Zophobas morio mealworm (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). The gene product of this cDNA displays weak luminescence and it is composed of 528 aminoacids residues with N-terminal and C-terminal sequences signal addressed to smooth endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Although having a low identity (26-32%) with beetle luciferases, this enzyme is a reasonable protoluciferase model to investigate the origin and evolution of beetle luciferases. The luciferin binding site is higly conserved among the beetle luciferases. However, in this protoluciferase of Z. morio, most of these residues of this motif are substituted by others. Using a site-directed mutagenesis survey some of aminoacids residues of this protoluciferase, which are located at correspondent luciferin binding site of luciferases, were replaced by the conserved residues of beetle luciferases. Most of the substitutions had negative effect on the luminescent activity, however, the substitution I327T, which is located in a β-hairpin motif close to the luciferin binding site, improved the luminescence activity. Such substitution indicates the importance of this motif for luciferase activity and indicates a possible route for the evolution of bioluminescence function of beetle luciferase. Since this enzyme is located in the Malpighian tubules, which are involved in excretion and metabolization of carboxylic substrates, this enzyme could be involved to excretion the some type of chemical compound. Regardless of the function the results show that the potential for bioluminescent activity is older and probably arose before the divergences of the Coleoptera bioluminescent families.
A violência contra a mulher e o atendimento prestado às vítimas: a perspectiva do policial civil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-06)
Migliato-Nunes, Patrícia Tonissi
;
Brino, Rachel de Faria
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0235133592567485
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7578694439215415
The Women's Police Stations were created to combat and prevent violence against women, enabling act in time to prevent the occurrence or worsening damage to individuals development. However, some observational studies, as well as research conducted with violence women victims, show that the police attendance is unsatisfactory, pronounced by patriarchal customs, which contributes to women do not give continuity to the complaint of a crime committed against them, keeping the violence perpetuation. Therefore, it is socially and scientifically relevant to study surrounds` reality of the civil police and the challenges faced by it. This study aimed to elicit and characterize police officers´ beliefs on violence against women and their conceptions of such violence and the attendance to violence victims. The study included 20 police officers from a medium-sized city in the interior of Brazil. The following instruments were used for data collection: a) Questionnaire on beliefs about domestic violence and b) Questionnaire on the conceptions of police officer about violence against women and the attendance to violence victims. The instruments were applied at two different times. Through instruments were made qualitative and quantitative analysis. The quantitative analysis was obtained with descriptive methods. Qualitative analysis was obtained through defined categories. The outcomes showed that the majority of responses police to the statements of the first questionnaire pointed to a low percentage of inappropriate responses, however, the police officers who participated in the survey had specific beliefs about violence against women with high rates of inadequacy, including blaming the victim for staying in abusive relationship, misconceptions about the effects of violence on child development, blaming the victim for the violence. Although, participants had adequate view with respect to some beliefs, such as: conceptions about women deserve to be beaten and physical abuse to be more threatening than psychological abuse. The beliefs in which police officers had higher rate of inadequate responses can directly affect the attendance to violence women victims. The outcomes also showed domestic violence is most often seen by participants as physical aggression, although the participants demonstrated a good knowledge about the different practices of violence. Additionally, the policemen pointed out some challenges for them to meet the victims of violence, such as lack of training, staff shortages and weakened emotional state of employees who can produce an insufficient treatment. The concluding remarkes points to the need for better training for professionals regarding the issues of violence against women, as well as the development, implementation and evaluation of training courses for such professionals, aiming to fill this gap in their formation.
Caracterização das camadas formadas pela nitretação a plasma de ferro sinterizado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-06)
Fontes, Marcos Alves
;
Nascente, Pedro Augusto de Paula
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1387043320265189
Ion nitriding is a process of thermo-physical-chemical treatment that provides a surface hardening, originated by interstitial diffusion of nitrogen on the ferrous and nonferrous alloys surfaces. Understanding and controlling the formation of the nitrided layer have considerable industrial interest due to the improvements regarding wear, corrosion and fatigue resistances on the metals and their alloys. In this work, it was performed the surface modification in sintered iron samples by ion nitriding process, with a gaseous mixture of 80% vol H2 and 20% vol N2, during times of 3 and 5 hours, using ion nitriding temperature of 500°C, 540°C and 580°C. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses, and wear and micro-hardness tests, comparing the results with sintered and steam treatment samples. The results showed that both nitride thickness and wear resistance increased with higher nitriding time and temperature, where the temperature was the variable that most influenced the aforementioned characteristics. The XRD analysis indicated that the nitrided layer near to the surface, for all samples, consisted in a mixture of y-Fe4N and e-Fe3N phases.
Estudo sobre a ictiofauna do Rio Cabeça, um tributário do Rio Corumbataí com nascentes nas cuestas basalticas do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-08)
Cardoso, Rodrigo Torres
;
Garavello, Júlio César
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2778105126670170
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8249557280995807
This study investigates the composition and distribution of fish species from Rio Cabeça, a tributary of Rio Corumbataí basin. Fish samples and physical data were monthly collected at four regular sampling sites and during 12 months, thorough the channel of Rio Cabeça and on five additional collection sites. From the physical data, width, depth and water velocity (in m/s) of the river were obtained. The fish collections were made with help of: gill net, trawl net, other hand net and sieve. Species richness and abundance were designed thorough the constancy of occurrence of the species; the Jaccard similarity analysis of rarefaction; the species accumulation curve and a descriptive analysis of the collecting sites. The sampling sites showed physical characteristics as: Site 1, narrow but deep and with rapid waters. Site 2, wider and shallower and with more water spread. Site 3, mostly broad and deeper. Site 4, also broad and shallow, but containing rapids and fast waters. The samples include 4.532 fish specimens belonging to six orders, 17 families and 65 species. Site 4, showed the best richness and abundance, and the other three sites revealed to be more or less similar. In terms of constancy the site 4 had the highest percentage of occasional species, while the other three sites had the highest percentage of regular species. The analysis of rarefaction had shown a greater richness of species at site 4 and lower species richness at remaining sites. The species accumulation curve shown that a considerable proportion of fish species is present in this river as represented in this study. The Jaccard similarity analysis shown significant differences in the species composition through the four collecting sites. The results and the discussion suggest that the basaltic Corumbataí mountain formation may interfere with the distribution, composition and richness of the ichthyofauna. On the other hand, the Rio Cabeça with 65 fish species is an important tributary of the Rio Corumbataí. Finnaly this study outcome the necessity of more attention to ichthyofauna conservation at waterfall environments, where the specimens are exposed to illegal fisheries.
Cultivo heterotrófico de Aphanothece microscopica Nägeli e Chlorella vulgaris em diferentes fontes de carbono e em vinhaça
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-08)
Bonini, Monica de Albuquerque
;
Bastos, Reinaldo Gaspar
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9329363278429665
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5490287339979298
ABSTRACT Microalgae include both algae Chlorophycea and cyanobacteria. These organisms have attracted interest due to its versatile metabolism, since some strains have, additionaly to photosynthetic metabolism, hability to grow in the dark by the consumption of simple organic molecules, such as glucose, acetate and glycerol. This hability suggests the application of these microorganisms in several areas, such as biological treatment of agroindustrial wastewater, aiming the removal of nutrients and organic matter. São Paulo/Brazil is one of the main producers of ethanol from sugarcane, generating a considerable amount of vinasse. Vinasse represents the main wastewater from de sugarcane agroindustry, being usually applied as fertigation in sugarcane crops. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the heterotrophic growth of cyanobacterium Aphanothece microscopica Nägeli and the chlorophyceae Chorella vulgaris in synthetic culture media supplemented with organic carbon source and in vinasse, aiming to produce biomass and application it in wastewater treatment. Mixotrophic cultures were conducted to select the optimal concentration of organic substrate for the growth of microalgae, which were evaluated in heterotrophic cultures. Additionally, experiments have been conducted with pre-treated vinasse, evaluating the COD removal and the glucose and potassium incorporation. By the mixotrophic tests was selected the optimal concentrations of 25 and 12.5 g.L-1 glucose, 0.5 and 1.25 g.L-1 potassium acetate and 0.46 and 0.92 g.L-1 glycerol as ideal for the cultivation of Aphanothece microscopica Nägeli and Chlorella vulgaris, respectively, which reflected on the maximum specific growth rate between 0.0072 and 0.043 h-1. In the heterotrophic cultures the maximum specific growth rate was greater or equal to both microalgae in all carbon sources, with reduction between 30.4 and 90% of the initial concentrations of substrates. The experiments demonstrated possibility to use vinasse as culture media for both microalgae, especially Aphanothece microscopica Nägeli. In this conditions, results indicated the maximum removals of glucose (55.5%), COD (60.8%) and potassium (13%) by the cianobacterium, and 83.7% of glucose, 25% of COD and 13.8% of potassium by Chlorella vulgaris. The results suggest the heterotrophic metabolism for both microorganisms, pointing an interesting alternative to use of wastewater as culture media to produce high-value biomass from a low-cost way.
Análise da escoabilidade de pós
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-08)
Campos, Milene Minniti de
;
Ferreira, Maria do Carmo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7070885875161111
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8281708881484887
There are many industries which use powders somewhere in their production process, such as: food, pharmaceuticals, ceramics, cement and fertilizer industries. The knowledge of properties associated with the flowability of these materials is important, since the characteristics of the powders can go through amendments in processing. Thus, the evaluation of indexes of flowability and the identification of main factors which influence the powders flowability play an important role in the operation and design of industrial devices. The objective of this study was to evaluate the flowability properties of organic and inorganic powders, as well as analyze which factors interfered in these properties. The organic materials were represented by whole and skim milk powders, while alumina and ceramic powder were selected for the assessment of inorganic materials. The physical characterizations carried out were: display materials morphology at SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), size distribution, particle density, initial moisture content, aerated bulk density and tapped bulk density. The measured materials flowability properties were: angle of internal friction, effective angle of internal friction, angle of wall (galvanized steel) friction and flow index, all of them determined by Jenike's direct shear cell, Hausner ratio obtained from the values of tapped and aerated bulk densities; angle of repose, determined through the dropping of powder in an acrylic surface. In general, the results obtained, considering all methodologies employed for the determination of materials flowability, demonstrated that alumina, ceramic powder and whole milk powder, if compared to skim milk powder, presented lower indexes of flowability. If these materials were stored in silos made of galvanized steel, alumina and ceramic powder flowability would be more difficult than that of skim and whole milk powders. Thus, the results showed that the material physical properties interfere in powders flowability. The skim milk powder flowed more easily than whole milk powder, because higher fat content and smaller average particle size of whole milk powder decreased the flowability of this material in comparison to the skim milk powder. Likewise, despite they have similar composition, alumina presented lower flowability that ceramic powder, because this powder had larger average particle size and the powder presented fewer agglomerated particles.
Desenvolvimento de blendas poliméricas policarbonato/ poli (Tereftalato de Butileno) (PC/PBT) compatibilizadas e nanoestruturadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-08)
Laurindo, Vanessa
;
Hage Júnior, Elias
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1240692926327687
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8930068830121454
The evaluation of addition of a random copolymer as compatibilizing and his effect in obtaining nanostructured morphology in blends composed by PC as matrix and PBT as dispersed phase, were investigated. The copolymercompatibilizer was produced by reactive mixture, in a torque rheometer, of the components of blend PC/PBT (50/50%wt) in the presence of different concentrations of the catalyst TnBT (1000 and 2000 ppm) and different mixing times (10 and 30 minutes). The characterization of thermal and chemicals properties by DSC, FTIR and 1HNMR showed evidences of the occurrence of transesterification reactions between the blends components for all systems studied. However, formation of the random copolymer was confirmed only for the system with addition of 2000 ppm of the catalyst, subjected to different mixing times. To minimize the effects of degradation reactions in the random copolymer formed, was selected use as compatibilizer to obtain nanostructured blends, the copolymer obtained after 10 minutes of mixing. To evaluating effect of the copolymer-compatibilizer in obtain a nanostructured morphology, were prepared blends PC/PBT (95/5%wt) with addition of 0, 1, 3 and 5% wt of copolymer and by the thermal analysis by DSC and DMTA was observed the existence of a partial miscibility, restricted to the amorphous phase, between the components of the blends PC/PBT studied. Morphological analysis by TEM revealed to obtain a dispersed phase nanostructured for the blend with addition of 3%wt of compatibilizing. The effect of random copolymer as compatibilizing agent for the blends studied was also demonstrated by characterization of the mechanical properties of tensile and impact.
Estudo da secagem de sementes de embaúba em leito fluidizado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-08)
Corrêa, Luciano Jacob
;
Sartori, Dermeval José Mazzini
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6654974812569635
Due to the importance of conservation of ecosystems and having Cecropia glaziovi.S as a pioneer species of the Tropical Forests, this plant becomes indispensable in reforestation areas altered wild. The drying operation is fundamental in the improvement of seeds, since it is not a seed recalcitrant. There is currently interest in studies of convective drying of the seeds on bed furniture, as in previous search has been shown to occur in fixed bed preferential channels and agglomerations of particles. The objective of this work is to study the fluidized bed capable of carrying out the drying of seed of native plants with the maintenance of physical and physiological properties. The comparison between the methods of decomposition and scraping the inflorescences wet and dry extraction showed that the wet method is more suitable for this kind of seed. The fluid dynamics of the contact between the seed and the fluid was drawn from measurements of pressure drop and air flow rates increasing and decreasing the bed. Using the method of SOGAB, demonstrated the uniformity of velocity and temperature in the entrance region of the measuring cell. The analyze the fluid allowed to obtain the information on the fluidisation characteristics curves, while the drying tests enabled the knowledge of the effects of temperature and velocity of the drying air on the properties of the seeds. The data obtained were compared with empirical equations and the resulting semi-empirical literature. Since the Page equation is analyzed between the equations that best represents the experimental data according to statistical criteria adopted. Assessment of germination, regardless of substrates, which are germitest paper germibox tanks and soil showed that the seeds are suitable for replanting. It was possible to obtain, after drying, seed with adequate humidity values for the storage and physiological qualities contribute to the perpetuation of these embryos and dissemination of higher plants in nature.
Análise do ciclo de vida energético de projeto de habitação de interesse social concebido em light steel framing
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-08)
Carminatti Júnior, Riberto
;
Paliari, José Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9387796929252598
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7770833599788902
The construction industry in Brazil has great importance both socially and economically, but generates more than 50% of municipal solid waste and consuming large quantities of raw materials, energy and water. Thus the sector is strategic under the environmental point of view, since small changes in their processes cause the reduction of environmental impacts. To meet the current housing shortage, many building systems are being employed in the country, among which, the Light Steel Framing (LSF), which consists of a rational building system, and industrial productivity. The aim of this study was to simulate the amount of embodied energy original (EEi) of a standard project aimed at social housing using the LSF as a constructive system, applying the concepts of Life Cycle Analysis of Energy (ACVE). To achieve this goal initially was held to review the literature on sustainability, and LSF construction system ACVE. Following the adjustment was made for a project for social housing in structural masonry designed to LSF. From the specifications for materials and components, their respective values of the quantitative EEi and held the simulation of the quantity of EEi considering three scenarios: project conceived in structural masonry concrete block, masonry, structural ceramic blocks and LSF. Comparing the results of three simulations, it was concluded that the project designed masonry structural ceramic blocks showed the lowest absolute value of the EEi in relation to other systems simulated (117.6 GJ and 3.0 GJ / m² ), with the LSF presented an intermediate value (154.3 GJ and 3.9 GJ / m²), but very close to the masonry of ceramic blocks, while designed masonry concrete blocks had a higher value (262 , 0 GJ and 6.6 GJ / m²), largely due to the high value of IAS adopted for the concrete. It is noteworthy that these results should not be extrapolated as EE values were used for materials and components used in these construction systems referenced in the international literature, which indicates the need to build a national database about.
Avaliação de um programa de formação sobre recursos de alta tecnologia assistiva e escolarização
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-09)
Lourenço, Gerusa Ferreira
;
Mendes, Enicéia Gonçalves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1474728505225459
The right to an appropriate education for students with cerebral palsy requires the provision of resources that will help individuals to improve their performance in everyday tasks more efficiently and independently. The term assistive technology is a term used to refer to a broad range of devices and services, helping individuals achieve greater success in their activities, by improving their functional capabilities. In the case of students with cerebral palsy, assistive technology, which includes devices that involve advanced electronic and computer-based technology, can ensure learners have full access to the curriculum. However, implementation of such a system is a complex process, because it includes students of varying learning abilities; apparatus; task to be performed; and the environment; and moreover, an essential element of its successful implementation is the involvement of a skilled and experienced team of professionals. The aim of the study was to develop and implement a specific assistive technology training program to facilitate the learning process for students with cerebral palsy, and evaluate their effects. The collaborative research project encompassed the development of a training program and its subsequent implementation with a team of professionals in a special school in a town located within the state of São Paulo; and then this program was further evaluated. The participants were nine special education teachers and five professionals of the interdisciplinary team (physiotherapists, speech therapists and psychologist). Nine students with cerebral palsy also participated. The data were collected through focus groups, field notes, open questions on the questionnaires, and videotaping. The results show that the program was effective in promoting positive training for using these resources, and furthermore, that collaborative working between staff and researcher was of overriding importance. The challenge is to find out how to promote the concept into practical actions in order to meet the requirements of established methods. From the results, systematic reviews were carried out and then it was recommended the adoption of a new model for training in this area and to be used within the country, in a didactic format, that enables professionals to be acquainted with their new roles, for successful implementation of assistive technology as tools to access to learning, permanence, and the accomplishments in the development of inclusion process.
Avaliação das condições operacionais na taxa de evaporação de água em leito de jorro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-09)
Bitti, Maisa Tonon
;
Freire, José Teixeira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2270677706718167
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5406791392147422
In this work, the influence of operating conditions on the evaporation rate of water was analyzed for drying in a spouted bed. Experiments were done for two different inlet air geometries and inert particles loads for variable paste feed flow rates and inlet air temperature and velocity. Distilled water was employed as standard paste and glass beads of 2,18mm and 2512,6 ± 0,1kg/m3 as the inert phase. The drying chamber consisted essentially of an inox cylindrical column with 120cm in height and 30cm in diameter, and a conical bottom with an angle of 60° and 23cm high. The orthogonal central composite design was used to specify the experimental conditions. Inlet air temperature and velocity, bed pressure drop, exhaust temperature and dry and wet bulb temperature at the cyclone were measured during the experiments. Results have showed that the inlet air geometry had a weak influence on the bed fluidynamic stability. The maximum evaporation rate for both inlet air geometries was of 60ml/min, under operating conditions of 115ºC 1,55u/ujm and for 8,5kg particle load. An experimental correlation was proposed to estimate de rate of water evaporation as a function of the independent variables considered. With the experimental design analysis on the water evaporation rate it was possible to identify the most significant factors that influence the process. The information obtained in this work may be the basis for future work in this field with real pastes.
Na urdidura das ruínas : o percurso criativo de Douglas 'Machado em Um Corpo Subterrâneo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-09)
Vaz, Patrícia Costa
;
Monzani, Josette Maria Alves de Souza
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0505156751073470
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7985361916073009
The research contains the study of the creative process of the documentary Um Corpo Subterrâneo (2007), of the brazilian filmmaker Douglas Machado, with the theorist horizon of the studies of process critique. The link of our analysis is the understanding of the creation as a network in process , (SALLES, 2006, p.19) and, therefore, the research proposes the dive into the creation of the documentary, going beyond the analysis of the final film. We will go through the paths of creation with the genetic dossier of the director (note books, editing script , still, edited versions, interviews, among others), and data from his biography and filmography with value to this study that allows to build hypothesis and establish possible relations between these materials and the work that resulted from these connections. Those connections that define the narrative proposal chosen by the filmmaker, that privileges the construction of the other by the memory of the grief, and that point to the poetic project of the director.