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Estudo da fauna de Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) em áreas de cerrado no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-10) Loffredo, Ana Paula da Silva; Dias, Angélica Maria Penteado Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8637344058859147; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2740297866888476
This study aimed to contribute to the knowledge of Brazilian fauna of Pimplinae through the characterization and quantification of their genera and species in Cerrado areas of State of São Paulo. Using Malaise traps and "sweeping" the vegetation in 11 localities in the State of São Paulo, the sampling points were placed in protected areas, especially in Ecological Stations and State Parks and an area of the campus of Universidade Federal de São Carlos, during the period 2006 to 2008. We collected 716 specimens of Pimplinae, distributed in 58 taxa (33 species, with 25 probable new species) and the finding of new records for the Brazilian fauna (14 species). Pimpla Fabricius, 1804 and Neotheronia Krieger, 1899 were the genera with the largest number of individuals and better distribution, being found in all fragments. The sampling points relating to the localities of Santa Rita do Passa Quatro, Águas de Santa Bárbara and Bauru showed high levels of abundance. Considering the values of species richness, no pattern could be observed, as was found similar values of wealth taking place in different locations. The calculated values of the Equitability, the highest values (more than 80%) are in places where the dominance of the genus Pimpla was lower, so higher homogeneity community. It was found that Pimplinae are more abundantly collected in the rainy season, confirming the relationship between abundance and seasonality. Descriptions of new species, the characterization of the remaining and adding information about the geographical distribution of Pimplinae were other important contributions of this work.
Sentidos do medo no discurso político eleitoral brasileiro contemporâneo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-10) Sakai, Daiane Ramon Fagundes; Piovezani Filho, Carlos Félix; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1677609008094603; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2206197287322706
This work aims to analyze the meanings of the word "fear" in the brazilian electoral political discourse. More precisely, based on the principles of Discourse Analysis derived from Pêcheux and his group, the aim here is to interpret statements that were generated by the major candidates for president in the Free Television Time for Election (HGPE) campaign of the years 1989, 1994, 1998, 2002 and 2006. The specific objectives refer to the discursive description and interpretation of the acting of the word "fear", and will be guided by the hypothesis that the meaning of that word will be built as it is inserted in one or another discursive formation and employed in one or another condition of production. The corpus of research is constituted based on an initial triage undertaken on all HGPEs of these presidential campaigns, through exclusive selection of statements in which the lexeme "fear" is used explicitly. In order to achieve these goals, the first chapter presents some reflections on the various facets of fear in history, focusing on biological, cultural, historical and political aspects. Then the second chapter lists some aspects of what could be a brief history of fear of the left and right in Brazil. Finally, the last chapter presents some synthetic considerations Discourse Analysis, in order to, from them, the statements contained in the word fear can be analyzed in a discursive perspective. Regardless of the ideology of the candidate, that is, right or left, it is concluded that the use of the word "fear" is present in both discourses in order of slandering the opponent, and hence manipulate the voter.
Efeitos do exercício físico sobre a expressão hepática de activina A e folistatina em modelo de doença hepática gordurosa não acoólica em ratos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-10) Silva, Rafaella Nascimento e; Leal, Ângela Merice de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7202663545989206; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4084501298442515
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by fat accumulation in the liver and associated with obesity and insulin resistance. Activin A is a member of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily which inhibits hepatocyte growth and induces apoptosis. Follistatin is a glycoprotein which antagonizes the biological actions of activin. Exercise is an important therapeutic strategy to decrease the metabolic effects of obesity. In this study, we evaluated the pattern of Activin A and follistatin liver expression in obese rats submitted to swimming exercise. Adult male Wistar rats were allowed free access to standard rodent chow (control group, C) or HF diet (58% Kcal from fat, high-fat group, HF) during 12 weeks. Glucose tolerance test (GTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) were performed at 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, C and HF rats were randomly assigned to a swimming training group (C-Ex and HF-Ex) or a sedentary group (C-Sed and HF-Sed). C-Ex and HF-Ex swam for 45 minutes at 0900h and 1700h, 5 day week-1, for 4 weeks. After this period, rats were submitted again to GTT and then killed by decapitation. Plasma was collected for liver enzymes, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and gammaglutamyl transaminase (GGT) determination. Liver was dissected and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -700 C for subsequent analysis. Actvin βA subunit and follistatin mRNA was quantified by real time RT-PCR. HF developed insulin resistance according to GTT and ITT tests. ALT levels were significantly higher in HF-Sed than in C-Sed and significantly lower in HF-Ex than in HF-Sed. AST and GGT did not vary among the groups. Actvin βA subunit mRNA was significantly higher in HF-Ex than in HF-Sed. Follistatin mRNA was significantly lower in C-Ex and HF-Ex compared to C-Sed and HF-Sed, respectively. There was no evidence of steatosis or inflammation (grade 0) in C. In contrast, in HF the severity of steatosis varied from grade 1 to grade 3. This was not associated with inflammation or fibrosis. After the training period, HF-Ex showed improvement in the extent of liver parenchyma damage, the severity of steatosis varying from grade 0 to grade 1. These data suggest that exercise may reduce the deleterious effects of high-fat diet on liver and the local expression of activin-follistatin may be involved.