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O estágio na licenciatura em matemática : um espaço de formação compartilhada de professores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-09)
Andrade, José Antônio Araújo
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Passos, Cármen Lúcia Brancaglion
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8887795744073669
The main objective of this research was to analyze the potential of a work shared between current and future Mathematics teachers. The focus of this research is the learning of teaching, which is established by the relation with the knowledge, or in this case, with the knowledge mobilized in the context of pedagogic practices. The following problematic were formulated: which knowledge is mobilized and/or (trans)formed on learning of teaching in a context of shared work? Which elements act or make possible the learning of teaching and professional development in a context of shared work? The option was to investigate an experience of shared work through written or oral narratives. Data collection was done during the school year of 2009. Twenty one students of graduation, ten collaborator professors and the advisor/researcher took part in this research. Ten work teams were constituted, which compounded the investigation scenario. The following aspects were analyzed: the reflexive process of graduation students during their participation and learning while teaching Mathematics in the scholar context, the possibilities and potential of collaborative work for the teacher formation through the internship and for the consolidation of the teaching profession, the knowledge and reflection initiated in this process, and the contributions for the supervised internship for the continuing formation and for Scholar Mathematics ideas of these actors. The analysis of the content allowed us to establish four meaning units: professionalization; learning of teaching; tensions and contradictions, and cultural confrontations (relationship university school). It is necessary to consider that from this four meaning units, the first two were took as categories of analysis. In these units it was possible to note the formation potential on the constitution of multiple learning. An identity process was established between the trainees and the profession in the reflection moments about practices with which they started interacting. Diverse knowledge was mobilized, which culminated on the learning related to: curriculum management in Mathematics (classes planning and their conduction guided by an investigative and problematizing posture; the meaning of evaluative processes; the importance of interactions in classroom for the establishment of a learning environment for the students). Moreover, it was possible to identify important aspects of the professional development of the supervisor teacher, which characterize the beginning of her self-management in relation to her formation process. This research allowed us to glimpse a new course for internship activities in which the relationship between university and school is strengthened in order to look for possibilities or strategies that look for the better interaction among the subjects of these activities, thinking that the evolution of teaching professionalization depends on an initial formation that provides autonomy to the subject management of its own professional practices.
Estudo da ruptura dielétrica durante a anodização de zircônio e o seu efeito sobre o processo de dopagem anódica de ZrO2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-09)
Santos, Janaina Soares
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Souza, Ernesto Chaves Pereira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1505400360366643
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5802009429183443
In this work the fundamental aspects of electrolytic breakdown in ZrO2 films were investigated. The electrolytic breakdown is a type of dielectric breakdown that occurs during galvanostatic growth of anodic oxides. To perform this investigation, the study was divided in two parts: (i) the modification of ZrO2 films by anodic doping and (ii) characterization of the electrical discharges (sparks) that appears on the electrode surface during zirconium anodization. The anodic doping study aimed to monitor the system and analyze the influence of current density, temperature and dopant concentration on the electrochemical, morphological and microstructural properties of ZrO2 films doped with calcium and niobium ions. The factorial design technique was used to optimize the number of experiments and quantify the effects of experimental variables on the responses. The results showed that all variables influenced the electrochemical response, leading to changes in morphology and microstructural properties of the ZrO2 doped films. This result was observed because these variables can affect the mobility of ionic species, ionic transport inside the oxide, the electrolyte resistivity and the dissolution process of the oxide. The spark characterization study aimed to investigate the evolution of electrical discharges during the experiment and correlate them with the processes observed in the anodization curve of zirconium. Hence, the electrode surface was recorded during the experiments using a high definition and high speed video camera. The image analysis allowed the calculation of the size, quantity and lifetime of the sparks discharges. Due to the enormous amount of data, it was necessary to develop a new methodology to analyzing the results. The methods used were based on techniques of imaging processing and multivariate data analysis. The use of these techniques coupled to electrochemical ones provided new insights that elucidated some aspects of the breakdown phenomenon. Furthermore, it provided guidelines for the implementation of future work.
Determinaçâo da toxicidade tópica e oral do inseticida fipronil e efeitos de suas doses subletais no comportamento de abelhas sem ferrão Melipona scutellaris (Latreille, 1811)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-09)
Lourenço, Clara Tavares
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Nocelli, Roberta Cornélio Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8934724759636382
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4674980501476375
Melipona scutellaris bee, known as "uruçu" belong to the tribe Meliponini, popularly called stingless bees. This bee is endemic in northeastern Brazil and is distinguished by its ease of domestication and management, significant honey production and potential for pollination in greenhouses and open field. The insecticide fipronil acts on the insect nervous system by blocking the chloride channels through of the receptors gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate (GluCl). Widely used in Brazil and more than 70 countries is considered highly toxic to bees, which is why its use was banned in France in 2004. Toxicological studies of pesticides to bees use mostly as a model species A. mellifera bee, which sublethal doses of fipronil can cause behavioral changes related to core tasks for the colony, such as feeding and foraging. However, differences in susceptibility between species of bees to insecticides may expose native bees there is a greater risk. The aim of this study was to determine the topical LD50 and oral LC50 of insecticide fipronil for stingless bee M. scutellaris and evaluate the effects of fipronil sublethal doses and concentrations in the locomotor activity and in the Proboscis Extension Reflex (PER) these bees. Foragers were collected in the output of three different colonies, consisting of three repetitions with ten bees each and they were placed in plastic pots of 250 mL. Bees subjected to topical treatments were anesthetized with CO2 and received 1.0 μL insecticide solution on pronotum with previously established doses (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 5.0 ng of fipronil / μL solution), applied with a repetitive automatic micropipette. Bees subjected to oral contamination received sucrose solution contaminated with concentrations of fipronil determined previously (0.0, 0.005, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, and 0.5 ng a.i./ μL sucrose solution) for 24 hours. The insecticide fipronil was considered highly toxic to these bees, both topically and orally. The topical intoxication resulted in a LD50 (48 hours) was 0.41 ng / bee (4.1 ng / g bee). The oral contamination resulted in a LC50 (48 hours) was 0.011 ng / μL of sucrose solution or, considering the amount of food they forage M. scutellaris consume daily in an oral LD50 of 0.6 ng a.i. / bee. The topic sublethal dose 0.05 ng a.i./bee and oral sublethal concentration 0.0011 ng a.i./ μL sucrose solution were cause significant changes for the locomotor activity these bees. The PER don't was a functional methodology for M. scutellaris bees. Results show that the bee M. scutellaris is more sensitive to fipronil than A. mellifera and that fipronil sublethal dose and concentrations affected the locomotor activity these bees.
Internet e campanhas eleitorais: experiências interativas nas cibercampanhas presidenciais do Cone Sul
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-09)
Iasulaitis, Sylvia
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Azevedo, Fernando Antonio Farias de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4226275371443693
In this thesis we develop an analysis aiming to understand the new formatting of politics in the era of Web 2.0. The overall objective was to investigate "if" and "how" the Internet's potential for human interaction was used by the candidates and coalitions in recent presidential campaigns in the Southern Cone and "if" and "how far" the interactive tools on websites electoral were used to strengthen ties with the electorate during political campaigns and increase the quality of democratic processes. In this thesis we seek to allow two levels of analysis: the formal structure of the website and political action that it develops. We analyze the logic of the candidates' campaign coordination in the use of discussion forums for government proposals, the constraints and incentives to encourage participation of ordinary citizens and the level of control exercised, and on the other hand, the way they interacted with Internet campaigns, with candidates and each other from these tools, the form and content of discursive exchanges held there and the nature of the proposals that resulted from this interaction. We start from the assumption that the availability of online discussion forums create an opportunity structure that can increase the possibility of political action of ordinary citizens to communicate their preferences, perform inputs, participate in the construction of political projects, as well as compel the candidates to conceive with more clearly their political platforms. However, the type of product is the result of the design of the interface and how the Internet and using the candidate technology, rather than a pre-determined by it, ie, depends on how the rules are articulated objective, strategies election, the political interest and the ability of the actors involved. We tested six corollaries specific empirical contexts and concrete objects of our investigation were the platforms for discussion and collaborative construction of government programs of four presidential candidates from Argentina, Chile and Brazil during the 2007 elections, 2009 and 2010, respectively, and the corpus of empiricalresearch in 2727 totaled posts analyzed. For purposes of this study, we performed a composition techniques that resulted in a specific methodological apparatus, including observation of interactions mediated by the computer, data collection and content analysis. The model consists of a first effort to develop a methodological research strategy discussion forums established in the electoral environment of websites. The evaluation of the quality of the discussions was undertaken according to eight dimensions of analysis based on methodological parameters DQI - Discourse Quality Index (Constraints and incentives for participation, inclusiveness and diversity, reciprocity debate, mutual respect, Identification, Degree of heterogeneity, thematization and effectiveness of content and interactive interface), which were operationalized into indicators, qualitative and quantitative.
Florestas tropicais sazonalmente secas: estudo da ocupação das áreas através de espécies representativas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-15)
Kortz, Alessandra Rocha
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Koch, Ingrid
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4839123900255164
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Moraes, Evandro Marsola de
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/3100796431732251
Intergeracionalidade das habilidades sociais entre pais e seus filhos adolescentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-15)
Comodo, Camila Negreiros
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Del Prette, Almir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2191226494887247
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1022196212162281
The Behavior Analysis assigns an important role in the cultural practices of a group, since they refer to behavior patterns passed down through generations that may favor the development of a healthier culture. At the same time, the literature of social skills theoretical and practical has produced evidence that an elaborate repertoire of social skills is configured as a protective factor to deficits and pathologies, contributing to individuals quality of life. Thus, the learning of social skills, which can occur through the transmission between generations (intergenerational), is essential both for the healthy development of children and teenagers as well as a more ethical culture. Considering this evidence the present study aims to: (1) characterize the repertoire of social skills of parents and teenagers, (2) analyze the characteristics of social skills more frequently in the repertoires of parents and children respondents; (3) identify the possible correlation between the repertoire of social skills of parents and children.To this end, a sample of 142 students aged 12 to 17 years of public and private schools as well as their parents were evaluated in relation to their repertoire of social skills through inventories IHS-Del Prette and IHSA-Del Prette. The data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially by the Kruskal-Wallis H and Spearman tests. The results suggest that the social repertoires of adolescents and parents are differentiated according to gender of respondents, age and parental education. The data also show that there are transmissions of social skills classes (assertiveness, empathy, emotional approach and self-confidence) from parents to children. This transmission is differentiated according to the sex of parents and children and age of children. Therefore, are discussed the importance of an elaborate social skills repertoire in parents, as well the contribution that these results can bring to the culture.
Poética do cinema infantil brasileiro : aspectos temáticos, formais e mercadológicos em Menino maluquinho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-16)
Ou, Mirian
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Gamo, Alessandro Constantino
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8208629144314123
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2999114932382239
This work focuses on children's films and aims to raise some of their thematic, aesthetic and commercial characteristics. To do so, takes as its starting point the poetics of cinema as defined by Bordwell (2007) and analyzes two Brazilian films: The nutty boy a film (Helvécio Ratton, 1994) and The nutty boy 2 (Fernando Meirelles and Fabrizia Alves Pinto, 1998).
Estudo de estrutura genética da espécie de Cactácea colunar Pilosocereus machrisii utilizando DNA microssatélite
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-17)
Perez, Manolo Fernandez
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Moraes, Evandro Marsola de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3100796431732251
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0179487334009838
Pilosocereus machrisii is a columnar cacti with natural fragmented distribution; restrict to campos rupestres vegetation patches or rocky outcrops on the Cerrado domain; in Central and eastern Brazil. These features makes P. machrisii an appropriate biological model for population genetic studies aiming to gather information on population structure; since small and isolated populations are often vulnerable to genetic drift and high levels of inbreeding. Genetic diversity and population structure were assessed for ten microsatellite loci in 12 P. machrisii populations; covering the majority of the species distribution. Genetic diversity levels were relatively similar on sampled populations; except for Brotas-SP samples; that showed lower levels than those observed for other locations. Significant Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium departures were detected in eight different populations; for one or two loci. High levels of genetic differentiation and private alleles with elevated frequencies were detected; with total FST value of 0.357. The genetic structure of P. machrisii was analyzed with STRUCTURE and SAMOVA softwares; and populations were grouped in four main clusters; with secondary structure on two of these clusters. Significative levels of correlation between genetic and geographic distances were observed for the whole dataset; however; when the genetic groups were analyzed separately; no correlation was verified. Furthermore; the genetic relationship between the populations was observed with a principal coordinate analysis (PCA) and an UPGMA dendrogram. The genetic structure observed in P. machrisii suggests that historical factors caused populations fragmentation; with subsequent geographic isolation and high genetic differentiation between them.
Influência da estrutura da vegetação de um fragmento florestal nas características físicas e químicas da água e no funcionamento do ecossistema de um córrego rural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-18)
Fernandes, Janaina de Fátima
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Tanaka, Marcel Okamoto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2768658925977757
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4250822030431392
Riparian ecosystems are being rapidly degraded due to deforestation for conversion of natural areas to agriculture, pasture, and urban development. In rural areas, riparian forest remnants can be very important for biodiversity conservation and for the maintenance and improvement of water physical and chemical characteristics as the deforested stream passes through these remnants. Here, we evaluated whether distance from the forest edge and forest structure influenced stream water physical and chemical characteristics and leaf breakdown rates, a measure of ecosystem function. Sampling was carried out from 150 m outside the remnant until 600 m inside the forest remnant. Water physical and chemical characteristics, leaf breakdown rates and riparian forest structure were evaluated at 50 m intervals until 300 m inside the remnant, and then each 100 m. Forest structure was evaluated by mean diameter at breast height, total basal area, mean canopy height, tree stratification, and tree density per plot; the variables were later reduced to the first two axes of a Principal Components Analysis (PCA), representing two gradients, 1) forest stratification vs. tree size, and 2) tree density vs. basal area. Electric conductivity and ammonium concentrations reduced as the stream passed through the remnant, whereas dissolved oxygen, total phosphorus, total dissolved P, organic P, silicate concentrations, and leaf breakdown rates increased along the remnant, as determined by first-order exponential models. Residual variation of these models was regressed against the first two PCA axes of forest structure. More stratified parts of the forest, with smaller trees, resulted in lower electric conductivity values and concentrations of total nitrogen and nitrite, whereas higher density of trees resulted in lower levels of total and dissolved P, but higher rates of leaf breakdown. This suggests that the distribution of fragments with different qualities of forest, with different structures possibly influences the quality of the water stream on a scale of watersheds.
Modelos de regressão binomial correlacionada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-18)
Pires, Rubiane Maria
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Diniz, Carlos Alberto Ribeiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3277371897783194
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0854480063777126
In this thesis, a class of correlated binomial regression models is proposed. The model is based on the generalized binomial distribution proposed by Luceño (1995) and Luceño & Ceballos (1995). The regression structure is modeled by using four different link functions and the dependence between the Bernoulli trials is modeled by using three different correlation structures. A data augmentation scheme is used in order to overcome the complexity of the mixture likelihood. Frequentist and Bayesian approaches are used in the model fitting process. A diagnostics analysis is provided in order to check the underlying model assumptions and to identify the presence of outliers and/or influential observations. Simulation studies are presented to illustrate the performance of the developed methodology. A real data set is analyzed by using the proposed models. Also the correlated binomial regression models is extended to include measurement error in a predictor. This new class of models is called additive normal structure correlated binomial regression models. The inference process also includes a data augmentation scheme to overcome the complexity of the mixture likelihood.
Avaliação dos pontos de apoio (ecopontos) na gestão dos resíduos sólidos urbanos: estudo de caso de São José do Rio Preto - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-18)
Silva, Augusto Azevedo da
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Teixeira, Bernardo Arantes do Nascimento
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1166854416745527
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0432344275684134
The use of Support Points (AP), also known as Eco points, the integrated management of municipal solid waste (MSW) has occurred in different cities of the world and in Brazil, such practice is spreading, albeit slowly. The prospect is that such use contributes to a better management of MSW. It is necessary, however, to monitor and evaluate these procedures to ascertain their role and improve its functioning. In this sense, this research aimed to make an assessment of the system of points of support (Ecopoints) exists in the city of São José do Rio Preto, Brazil. Therefore, data were collected on these devices, such as the characteristics and condition of its facilities, the quantities and types of waste received and other operational data. Was also made, through interviews with locals and professional users, a query on the knowledge of them regarding the importance and correct use of PA. The results showed that the use of PA was effective for receiving small volums, they are delivered by the residents, transporting small loads or construction professionals. However, the data showed some inconsistencies, showing the need for more efficient management. Similarly, data on costs of implementation and operation need to be monitored because it was not possible to assess this aspect of management. With regard to consultation with users and other residents, there was a certain ignorance of the system, although part of the population will use, indicating the need for further clarification and guidance. In general, one can consider that the points of support are a device that improves the management of municipal solid waste (in the case studied, absorbs 23% of the waste generated RCC, besides presenting a reception higher when compared to other cities), but it is necessary an efficient and dynamic to fulfill more effectively its role and not be considered only as irregular depositions that became "organized" by the municipal administration.
Textos de divulgação científica para o ensino de química: características e possibilidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-18)
Ferreira, Luciana Nobre de Abreu
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Queiroz, Salete Linhares
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7925870606416937
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8964577964173620
In recent years, researchers in science education have showed the potential of popular science texts (PST) to promote several benefits to students. Thus, investigated in this work aspects that may contribute to the discussion about the didactic use of PST in teaching chemistry. By the way, the main objectives of this work are: to select and to analyze articles published into Ciência Hoje Magazine from 2004 to 2009 witch aim was to discuss some of their features; elaborate and analyze a didactic strategy with PST, in order to understand the functioning of reading the same in the classroom; investigate the trajectory of pre-service chemistry teachers during of the preparing and implementing PST classes making. The articles were analyzed according to the content and the structure based on an analytical tool proposed by Kawamura and colleagues and the characteristics of popular scientific discourse according to Zamboni's considerations. This analysis revealed that the articles have different characteristics, although the same conditions of production, specifically with the features of scientific, didactic and laic discourses. These distinctions are positive considering that their didactic possibilities provided that they allow the teachers to be aware of those characteristics and select texts in accordance with to their didactic goals. The trajectory analysis of pre-service chemistry teachers, we made considerations about the chosen PST, their pedagogical aim, the strategies designed to make use of PST and its functioning in the classroom. Also presented the results of the three trainees preparing and practice using PST in classroom and the types of discourses appropriated by students chemistry teacher, which was based on Discourse Analysis French Line, specifically discourse typology, developed by Orlandi. The typology results demonstrated transitions from a pedagogic discourse, predominantly authoritarian, to a polemical discourse, the suggested a teaching practice not centered on the teacher. The results from the measures in high school with PST, based on the discourse typology and authorship, beyond Orlandi s author conception, showed that the interactions established between students and teacher in the moment of the reading and the discussion about PST. It was used as a basis for encouraging discussions and contextualization the theme. The conditions of production do not favored the charging of unique responses, practice which promotes the exercise of repetition without reflection. In students' written production was possible perceive meanings expanded about the studied theme. The impressions of students about the teaching proposal demonstrate their good reception of it and indicate their contributions.
Análise da estrutura filogeográfica das espécies do grupo Pilosocereus Aurisetus (Cactaceae) utilizando marcadores moleculares do genoma do cloroplasto (cpDNA)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-18)
Bonatelli, Isabel Aparecida da Silva
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Moraes, Evandro Marsola de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3100796431732251
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9946082913752883
PILOSOCEREUS AURISETUS is a taxonomic group composed by eight columnar cacti species occurring on rock outcrops in xeric environments. As other xerophitic species found outside the Caatinga domain, the species populations of P. AURISETUS group exhibit a disjunct distribution pattern within the Cerrado domain in central and eastern Brazil. Such a distribution pattern may have resulted from long-distance dispersal events or fragmentation of a more extensive distribution in the past. The main goal of this work was identify demographic events that possibly shaped the evolutionary history of the group and resulted in the current biogeographic pattern. In the present work, phylogenetic analyses and phylogeographical inferences were implemented using the nucleotide variation of plastid genomic sequences. The phylogenetic analyses showed the absence of reciprocal monophyly for great part of the species and the occurring of quite divergent species from the others of the group: P. jauruensis, P. aureispinus e P. bohlei. In addition, P. machrisii populations formed two distinct clades highly supported by the phylogeny which partly agree with the geographic distribution of the species (north and central-south). Population analyses and phylogeographical inferences allowed the identification of the diversification origin of the group and the possible expansion and fragmentation events which determined the evolutionary pathway of the populations. The genetic variability level and the genetic structure observed alongside the current distribution pattern of the populations and biological information about the species suggest that fragmentation events were the main responsible for the biogeographical pattern of the group, which should be related to the palioclimatic oscillations of the Quaternary.
Análise das condições de desaguamento de lodos de ETEs em BAG's: o caso da ETE-Limoeiro - Presidente Prudente-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-21)
Boina, Welliton Leandro de Oliveira
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Cordeiro, João Sergio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2572864522562875
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8710752577794108
Substances in Sewage Sanitary exert deleterious effects on bodies of water; the organic matter which is present may cause a decrease in concentration of dissolved oxygen, killing fish and other aquatic organisms, eutrophication by the presence of nutrients causing an accelerated growth of algae that give odor, taste and biotoxins to the water,darkening and siltation of the watercourse. In this scenario, it is of great importance the need for sewage treatment. However, in the treatment process, occurs the production of sludge rich in organic matter and nutrients, known as sewage sludge. This residue at the end of the treatment process should receive special attention, requiring proper disposal. Moreover, it is found that several sewage treatment projects do not include the final destination of the sludge that is produced, which results in the partial annulment of the benefits of collecting and treating collected wastewater. Therefore, this study presents results of analyzes performed on sludge from sewage treatment contained in BAG's of Geotextile Blanket of ETE-Limoeiro / SABESP, located in the city of Presidente Prudente, SP. The objective of this work was to characterize the physico-chemical and microbiological parameters in accordance with Resolution N° 375/06 of Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente CONAMA, and evaluate the efficiency of dewatering of sludge. Based on this, the analysis of identification and quantification of heavy metals showed values below the maximum allowed concentrations in sludge. Regarding the assessment of macro and micronutrients, analysis showed that the sludge has significant amounts of essential nutrients to the soil and plants and it can be used for this purpose after specific treatment. Regarding the biological tests for quantification of fecal coliforms, the obtained concentrations showed values that were established for the sludge Class B. The sludge was also evaluated for stability using the relation between volatile solids and total solids. This relation presented results for SV/ST below 0.70 which allowed defining the sludge as stable according to Resolution 375/06. However, the evaluation of the water removal process showed commitment of the dewatering efficiency according to the characteristics of the sludge generated in the Sewage Treatment Plant. Geotêxtil da ETE-Limoeiro / SABESP, localizada no Município de Presidente Prudente-SP. O objetivo central desta pesquisa foi à caracterização dos parâmetros físico-químicos e microbiológicos em conformidade com a Resolução Nº 375/06 do Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente CONAMA, e a avaliação da eficiência do processo de remoção de água dos lodos. Ante o exposto, as análises para identificação e quantificação de metais pesados apresentaram valores abaixo das concentrações máximas permitidas em lodos. Em relação à avaliação de macro e micronutrientes, as análises demonstraram que o lodo possui quantidades significativas de nutrientes essenciais aos solos e plantas, podendo ser utilizado para esta finalidade após tratamento específico. Referente às análises biológicas para quantificação de coliformes termotolerantes, as concentrações obtidas apresentaram valores estabelecidos para lodos Classe B. Os lodos também foram avaliados quanto à estabilidade através da relação entre sólidos voláteis e sólidos totais. Esta relação apresentou resultados para SV/ST inferiores a 0,70 permitindo definir os lodos como estáveis de acordo com a Resolução 375/06. Entretanto, avaliação do processo de remoção de água, demonstrou comprometimento da eficiência do desaguamento em função das características do lodo gerado na Estação de Tratamento de Esgotos.
Alterações agudas no metabolismo energético de ratos submetidos ao exercício resistido em escada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-22)
Silvestre, João Guilherme de Oliveira
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Duarte, Ana Cláudia Garcia de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1996950253264696
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7507016341078681
Previous animal s research has shown that many protocols with aimed to mimic human exercise has been used. The endurance protocols are studied very often however, some difficulties are encountered to produce resistance exercise protocols. Some animal models of resistance training have been used, as jumping exercise. Among these, stands out the rat model performed on ladder with healthy and unhealthy animals. However, the energy system and acute physiological responses associated with this protocol have not been determined. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the acute metabolic characteristics and the acute effects on indirect biomarkers of muscular microtrauma of acute resistance exercise performed on ladder. Fifty males Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: Exercise (E) and Control (C). The animals of E group climbed a vertical ladder with weights attached to their tails. The session was performed once with 4 9 climbs. The lactate concentration increased at the beginning of training and there was a tendency to stabilize the blood lactate during the exercise session. Serum corticosterone found in E group was significantly higher (59%; p<0.05) when compared to C group. There was no difference between free fatty acids (24% p=0.109), in the liver (8%; p=0.575) and in the gastrocnemius fatty acids content (17%; p=0.219). The glycogen in liver (42%; p<0.05) and soleus (56%; p<0.05) were different between groups. Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) and Creatine Kinase (CK) activities were significantly higher (LDH 32%; CK 27%; p<0.05) in the E than in the C group. The results suggest that this protocol is a high intensity exercise able to induce an increase in the lactate concentration at the beginning of exercise. Moreover, there were increases in indirect markers of muscle microtrauma in rats after a single exhaustive session. However, the lactate concentration was low, suggesting that the aerobic metabolism is an important factor during the intervals between the series of climbing.
Campos localmente resolúveis, espaços de Hardy e extensão de funções CR
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-23)
Liboni Filho, Paulo Antonio
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Hounie, Jorge Guillermo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7302904386484949
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2231598823550786
Suppose that M is a smooth submanifold of CN and that L = ∪z∈CnLz is the Cauchy- Riemann structure associated to the N-dimensional complex space. For each p ∈ M we can consider the vector space Ap = CTpM ∩ Lp. If the reunion of those fibers originates a locally integrable structure, then we are going to say that M is a CR submanifold with CR structure A = ∪p∈MAp. It immediately follows that if h is a holomorphic application defined in a certain neighborhood U ⊃ M, then A(h|M) = 0. If we consider a distribution u ∈ D′(M) such that Au = 0, then one can asks: is there a holomorphic application h defined in certain open set U such that h|M = u? The question, as it is, can be paraphrased as: is there any analytic extension of the CR distribution u? The answer is negative and there are several examples one can create. Consider a quadric application q : Cm × Cm −→ Cd and the manifold given by M = {(w, t) ∈ Cm × Cd,ℑt = q(w,w)}. Boggess has proved in [Bog01] that all Lp CR distributions in M (with p ≥ 1) admit a holomorphic extension to the interior of the convex hull of M. In this work, we are going to address the same question, but we are going to deal with CR distributions that are in hp with p > 0. Since hp(M) = Lp(M) if p > 1, then our result can be understood as an extension of the original Boggess theorem. The main ingredient of your work is a version of the Baouendi-Treves Approximation Theorem.
Decomposição de macrófitas aquáticas em dois reservatórios com diferentes estados tróficos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-23)
Rocha, Rinaldo José da Silva
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Bianchini Júnior, Irineu
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0659731944736389
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3916467877386034
The macrophytes are essential for the development and maintenance of food webs, to carbon dynamics and nutrient cycling in tropical aquatic systems. After senescence and plant death, decomposition of organic detritus depends heavily on their elemental compositions. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of seasonality and trophic state of reservoirs and Vigário Lajes on the mass losses of detritus of Salvinia auriculata, Pistia stratiotes, Eichhornia crassipes, Sagittaria montevidensis and Brachiaria subquadripara, the influence of elemental composition of debris on the coefficients decay of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, and the stoichiometric ratios between these elements during the decomposition process. Over 120 days, the richest detritus in nutrients and less refractory (S. montevidensis and P. stratiotes) showed a biphasic pattern of decay and the greater decay of carbon (70-90%), phosphorus (90-96%) and nitrogen (68-94%). The poorest and refractories detritus (S. auriculata and E. crassipes) had lower rates of decay, with monophasic and biphasic patterns and lower mass loss in carbon-based (20-34%), phosphorus-based (26%), and nitrogen-based (10- 37%). As for the difference between the environments, the total mass loss of carbon was up to 70% higher during the rainy season (Sept/10 to Jan/11) and 27% higher in the dry season (may/11 to Sep/11) for detritus S. auriculata incubated in the reservoir Vigário; for the detritus of B. subquadripara total mass loss was also greater in this reservoir, reaching 58% in the rainy season and 36% during the dry season. The minor differences between the environments occurred in the mass loss of carbon detritus of S. montevidensis, (ca. 1.3% and 0.3% in rainfall in the dry season) and P. stratiotes (ca. 5.3% in the rainy season and 5.5% in the dry season). Yet these detritus showed the greatest losses of phosphorus (90-95%) and nitrogen (68-94%) in both experiments. The minor differences between the environments occurred in the mass loss of carbon detritus of S. montevidensis, (ca. 1.3% and 0.3% in the rainy season in the dry season) and P. stratiotes (ca. 5.3% and 5.5% in the rainy season in the dry season). Yet these detritus showed the greatest losses of phosphorus (90-95%) and nitrogen (68-94%) in both experiments. The ratio between carbon and nitrogen was higher in detritus of S. auriculata and E. crassipes in oligotrophic reservoir, and lower in detritus of S. montevidensis and P. stratiotes, whose mass loss coefficients (k) were higher.
O planejamento da disciplina de língua inglesa da terceira série do ensino médio e suas relações com a proposta curricular do estado de São Paulo e o currículo de Língua Estrangeira Moderna
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-24)
Massarotto, Fábio Arruda
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Barbirato, Rita de Cassia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6962819573963727
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7343688723603671
In this bibliographic and documental research, our aim is to investigate what kind of relationship may be established between the current Curricular Proposal (CP) of the State of São Paulo, the Modern Foreign Language Curriculum (MFLC) and the English course planning which underlies the Teacher s books (TBs) and Student s books (SBs) designed by São Paulo Department of Education for the third year of high school. The central argument of this study is to understand those documents, since they serve as orientation for teacher practice in São Paulo public schools. We assume that teachers should not be mere implementers, but they need to develop a critical eye toward the theoretical bases that underlie those proposals, as it is possible the occurrence of divergences among them. In order to achieve our aim, we drew a plan divided into three parts. First, we turned to authors who address issues related to concepts of language, learning, literacy, genders and course planning so that we could build the theoretical references that would guide us to answer the first question of this research: How is the underlying planning of the new São Paulo teaching materials (TBs and SBs) for the third year of high school constituted? Then, we described and analyzed the CP, the MFLC and the course planning. We used categories in order to understand the organization of the latter and establish the relationship with the first and second documents: type of course planning, grammar and vocabulary teaching, reading and writing teaching, assessment and view of language learning prioritized in the course planning. We finished the research by trying to answer the second question of this investigation: What kind of relationship may be established among the CP, the MFLC and the course planning embodied in the Teacher s and Student s books? Through the analysis we could discover that there are divergences between the theoretical and methodological aspects idealized in both CP and MFLC and the materialized ones in the course planning, especially when it comes to the teaching of reading, writing, grammar and vocabulary.
Cachaça orgânica: qualidade e influência dos métodos de preparo da matéria-prima
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-24)
Silva, João Henrique do Nascimento e
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Margarido, Luiz Antonio Correia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5685663057214334
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9480055990070200
This work aimed to evaluate the physical-chemical and acceptance of sugarcane spirit produced with juice originated from different preparations of organic sugarcane. It was used the sugarcane variety RB867515 in the following treatments: A = crush of sugarcane with straw and bark, B = crush of sugarcane without straw and with bark, C = crush of sugarcane without straw and bark, and D = crush of sugarcane internodes without straw and bark. The distillate of sugarcane spirit was produced at the Laboratory of Organic Agriculture and Foods in the Center for Agricultural Science (CCA)/Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) situated at Araras, São Paulo State, Brazil. The fermentation of juice was developed in four fermentation vessels of stainless steel plates with 1000L capacity (each one fermentation vessels received the juice from treatments) using industrial yeast (8g / L) for each one. Were measured the following physical-chemical properties: total acidity, esters, aldehydes, higher alcohols, methanol, cupper and pH. The distillate were evaluated for color, aroma, flavor, body and overall impression, using sevenpoint hedonic scale ranging from "really liked" to "dislike very much." Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Tukey's test to verify differences between the means (p ≤ 0.05). The results of acceptance tests and physicalchemical analysis showed that the sugarcane spirit with better acceptance among consumers was that one produced from sugarcane without straw and with bark, and the sugarcane spirit with the lowest acceptance was that one produced from the juice extracted from the internodes.
O papel dos sistemas agroflorestais na recuperação da qualidade do solo no assentamento Sepé Tiarajú, SP, na percepção dos agricultores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-25)
Junqueira, Alexandre da Costa
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Schlindwein, Marcelo Nivert
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9690898537150950
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1646358534097663
Agroforestry systems have been an alternative of agricultural production that combine food production with the recovery and conservation of the natural resources in the settlement Sepé-Tiarajú; first SDP (Sustainable Development Project) settlement in the State of São Paulo and located in the sugarcane region of Ribeirão Preto (SP). This study evaluates the effects of agroforestry systems on soil quality; using 10 qualitative indicators of soil quality; comparing the moment when there were no SAFs with the present moment. For this; semistructured interviews were made and the reports of 10 farmers were analysed qualitatively. The results obtained showed that the SAFs contributed to reduce soil compaction; erosion control; increase of humidity retention; soil darkening; increased occurrence of indicator plants of good quality soil; improvement in growth; development; appearance and production of crops; increased occurrence of worms; insects and other organisms in soil and reduction of pest and diseases attacks.