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Estratégia de produção em microempresas de marcenaria
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-01)
Guerreiro, Érico Daniel Ricardi
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Camarotto, João Alberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1427853773681255
Apparently, the small wood furniture factories have an outdated organization of production, however, they are active in the market for quite some time. In order to understand how the manufacturing strategy of small wood furniture factories helps these companies to stay in the market, this paper studies the content of manufacturing strategy, its alignment with the competitive strategy and with the production system. A research methodology combined a cross-sectional exploratory survey with 40 companies and a multiple case research in three companies. It was observed that the manufacturing strategy adopted is aligned with the competitive strategy of companies. It was observed also that the production system is suitable for manufacturing strategy, but results in some incompatibility with the delivery performance and cost. The main limitation of this study is the geographic concentration of companies participants.
Desenvolvimento de métodos analíticos empregando a espectrometria de absorção atômica sequencial rápida com atomização em chama
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-01)
Miranda, Kelber dos Anjos de
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Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0995163494768470
The aim of this PhD thesis was to develop analytical methods employing fast sequential flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FS-FAAS). In the first part of this study, a fast and simple method is proposed for the determination of Cu in sugar cane spirits employing FS-FAAS and the internal standard technique. First, Ag, Bi, Co and Ni were evaluated as internal standards to correct transport interferences caused by the presence of ethanol. The results demonstrated that Ag at a concentration of 2 mg L−1 was effective as internal standard. In the second part of this study, a novel analytical method which consists of a combination of hydride generation and FS-FAAS is proposed. The method developed was employed for the sequential determination of As and Sb at sub-μg L-1 levels in bottled mineral waters. An enhancement in the analytical throughput was obtained when compared with the traditional monoelement HGAAS with a quartz tube atomizer. In the last part of the study, the combination of thermospray flame furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (TS-FF-AAS) and FS-FAAS for the sequential determination of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn was proposed and a significant improvement in the analytical throughput of TS-FFAAS was obtained. Then, an analytical method for the sequential determination of Cd, Cu and Pb in slurries of biological samples by TS-FF-AAS was developed.
Análise por planejamento fatorial da corrosão por pites de aços inoxidáveis duplex em altas concentrações de íons cloreto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-01)
Barce, Mariana Sanches
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Kuri, Sebastião Elias
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6842072916153866
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7501460989131165
The duplex stainless steels UNS S32101 and UNS S31803, hot rolled, were chosen for the study of localized corrosion pitting for presenting interesting properties of mechanical strength and corrosion resistance for the petrochemical industry. The anodic potentiodynamic polarization test was conducted in aqueous solution with concentrations of chloride ions ranging from 30x103 to 250x103 ppm Cl- (LiCl), under 25°C and 40 ° C in an environment saturated with CO2 and aerated. The pitting potential and corrosion potential were statistically analyzed using factorial design 23. The observation of the microstructure and the pits formed were recorded with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the decrease in corrosion potential was significantly influenced by the same factors in both steels: saturation with CO2 and the concentration of chloride anions, while the pitting potential was significantly influenced by different factors, depending on the steel used and the environmental conditions. Thus, the decrease in pitting potential of steel UNS S32101 was significantly influenced by temperature, concentration of chloride anions, interaction between these two parameters and saturation with CO2. On the other hand the decrease in pitting potential of the UNS S31803 steel was significantly influenced by chloride concentration, temperature and the interaction of each of these parameters with the saturation of the medium with CO2. Data analysis by statistical method of factorial design showed that not all studied factors affect localized corrosion significantly and that the effect of these factors is not cumulative.
Otimização na alocação dinâmica de veículos no transporte rodoviário de cargas completas entre terminais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-01)
Vasco, Rejane Arinos
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Morabito Neto, Reinaldo
The domain of logistics is concerned with providing customers with the right product in the right place at the right time. In our modern economy, the faster pace and wider scope of logistic operations has led to complex management problems that have drawn the attention of both industry and the academic world Optimizing the number of vehicles for a determined transport system requires a trade-off between the cost of vehicle acquisition and maintenance and the penalties involved in not meeting the requirements of the system. This thesis proposes to contribute to decision making in the operational management of those companies working in the transportation of goods by road, particularly as regards the optimization of vehicle use in freight transfer between terminals. Various operational problems, especially management of the transfer fleet, involves the dynamic allocation of limited resources to meet demand. Specifically, this paper deals with the dynamic (multi-period) vehicle allocation problem (DVAP) in the road transportation of full loads between terminals. The DVAP belongs to that class of problems dealing with dynamic resource allocation and consists of defining the movements of a fleet of vehicles that transport goods between terminals with a wide geographical distribution and which interact among themselves. These movements may be of fully-laden vehicles, unladen vehicles for repositioning or vehicles held at a terminal to meet future demands. Emphasis is given to the characterization of the problem in real situations, mathematical modeling of the problem and the use of operational research techniques in solving the problem. Also, heuristics and metaheuristics such as GRASP, simulated annealing and ant colony optimization are used in the solution. The objective is to determine dynamic allocation and fleet needs in order to minimize operational costs in meeting the demand for services. The main reason for undertaking this work was the possibility of practical application, the development of integer linear programming models and both exact and heuristic methods for solutions, aiming at the practical validation of the approaches in the real operational environment of a Brazilian transport company.
O conceito de símbolo em Sidman e Skinner - uma análise epistemológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-04)
Rocca, Julia Zanetti
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Pessotti, Isaias
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2793069740146109
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7678523240628345
The theory of language created by Skinner in the 1950s rejected traditional terms such as reference , meaning and symbol , due to considering such terms useless and inadequate to a science of verbal behavior. Still, since the 1960s new theories of language in behavioral analysis have come to make use of these terms both to describe phenomena and to define concepts. In order to investigate this theoretical dissonance, the present work analyses the concepts of reference , meaning and symbol in the theories of Skinner and Sidman. In regards to Skinner, the investigation has implied in (I) the analysis of the theories of language that have exerted influence on his work in order to understand the rejection of both reference and symbolism; (II) the description of the theoretical path of construction of a science of verbal behavior through an operationalist conception of language. In the case of Sidman, the theory of language arises as a result of experimental discoveries, which by its turn demanded from the conceptual investigation: (I) the description of the origin of the technical terms used in the field through Sidman s and his predecessor s researches; (II) the analysis of potential theoretical influences upon conceptual formalization of the stimulus equivalence paradigm. As the result, it has been verified that the theories of both Sidman and Skinner share the influence of the logical branch of the Philosophy of Language, and especially of the Logical Positivists. However, while Sidman s work is close to these philosopher s initial theories, Skinner s work is characterized as critical in relation to them. Moreover, the epistemological analysis of the stimulus equivalence paradigm has allowed the conclusion that this model adopts strictly operationalist presuppositions, and beyond that, of an Skinnerian Operationalism that is to say, different both from Bridgman s original version and from other psychological versions, such as Stevens . And since Operationalism would be the most important basis for the analysis of language proposed by Skinner, the conceptual differences between the theories of Sidman and Skinner appear to coexist with a confluence in their epistemological foundations.
Participação dos neurônios noradrenérgicos da região A5 no controle cardiorrespiratório durante a hipercapnia e hipóxia em ratos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-04)
Taxini, Camila Linhares
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Moreira, Thiago dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0243906744273591
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Batalhão, Luciane Helena Gargaglioni
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5850453468994497
The noradrenergic A5 group is an important group of neurons located in the ventrolateral pons and receives projections from several medullar areas related to cardiorespiratory regulation. The A5 region contributes to the maturation of the respiratory system before birth and in adult rats these neurons are connected with the neural network responsible for respiratory rhythmogenesis. The A5 neurons have an important involvement in autonomic control, these neurons send and receive projections from various regions involved in cardiovascular control, and send projections directly to the intermidial column lateral. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that noradrenergic neurons of A5 region participate in cardiorespiratory responses produced by hypercapnia or hypoxia in anesthetized and ananesthetized rats. In ananesthetized animals without and sino-aortic denervation, the lesion of the noradrenergic neurons in the A5 region with anti-dopamine β-hydroxylase-saporin (anti-DβH-SAP, 4.2 ng) promoted a decrease of tidal volume response to acute hypercapnia (7% CO2, 30 minutes) and acute hypoxia (7% O2, 30 minutes), but did not alter the cardiovascular response. In anesthetized animals during the acute hypercapnia (5% to 10% CO2, 5 minutes), the bilateral microinjection of muscimol (GABA-A agonist; 2 mM) and the chemical injury with anti-DβH-SAP on the A5 region reduced the increase of mean arterial pressure (MAP), splanchnic sympathetic activity (sSNA), frequency and amplitude of phrenic nerve produced by hypercapnia. During acute hypoxia (8-10% O2, 30 seconds) the bilateral microinjection of muscimol in the A5 region attenuated the increase in MAP and sSNA promoted by hypoxia without affecting the activity of the phrenic nerve, but the chemical injury of A5 region not altered responses promoted by hypoxia. The results of this study show that the participation of the A5 region in cardiorespiratory response depends on the animal's condition, anesthetized or not, as well as CO2 and O2 levels. In animals ananesthetized, the noradrenergic neurons of A5 region exert an excitatory modulation in control of tidal volume in response to hypercapnia and hypoxia. While in anesthetized animals, this region stimulates the cardiorespiratory response to hypercapnia, increasing the amplitude and frequency of the phrenic nerve, and sympathetic activity.
Avaliação da resposta de bovinos Nelore e cruzados, Senepol x Nelore e Angus X Nelore, infestados com carrapato Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-04)
Ibelli, Adriana Mércia Guaratini
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Regitano, Luciana Correia de Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4729789236742545
Infestations caused by ectoparasites are among the main problems that affect stock raising in tropical countries, and in Brazil, the Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) tick is responsible for substantial losses in the animal production. The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of three genetic groups of cattle artificially infested with Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. For this, skin samples from Nellore (NX) and crossbreeds, Senepol x Nellore (SN) and Angus x Nellore (TA) heifers were collected before and 24 hours after the last artificial infestation with Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus larvae for gene expression analysis and histology. We collected hair and performed behavioral analysis in order to relate them to the cattle parasite load. There were significant differences (P <0.01) for the tick count within three studied groups. TA animals (0.92 ± 0.07) had higher mean and the NX group (0.28 ± 0.07), the lowest mean. In the differential leukocyte count, TA animals had higher numbers of monocytes that NX (P <0.05), not differing from SN. No significant differences were evaluated for other leukocytes. However, the NX genetic group had higher mean for mast cells than SN and TA (P <0.01). NX had more CD4 cells that TA that did not differ from SN. Negative correlation was observed between the number of ticks and CD4 T cells. In the hair and haircoat analysis, TA showed the higher values of haircoat mean (CP) and mass density (MD) of hair than SN and NX (p <0.05), which did not differ from each other. For the number of hairs per sample and number of hair/cm2, NX had larger mean (p <0.05) than SN and TA, which did not differ. Results of Pearson correlations indicated that CP and DM have a positive correlation (p <0.05) with tick count. Regarding grooming behavior it has been observed that the total of self-grooming, as well as, allogrooming events influenced the tick count evaluated, and that there is a negative correlation with the tick number, helping to reduce this parasite, especially in Nellore. On 1, 4, 6 and 7 days after infestation and at the times 7:00, 9:00 and 12:00 h animals performed more grooming events when compared to other periods. According to the large scale gene expression results, there was no difference within genetic groups. The comparison between the groups before and after 24 hours infestation showed that 1,502 genes were differentially expressed. Of these, 851 were activated and 651 had reduced expression after challenge. The microarray experiment was validated by quantitative real time PCR. 12 Among the genes and pathways activated in response to tick, the chemokine genes, MAPK signaling pathways and Jak-Stat, cytokine receptors, complement and focal adhesion molecules as well as calcium channel genes stood out. Such genes and pathways can be identified as candidates to play the role of host protection at this time of bovine parasitic cycle. In this way, it was observed that mechanisms as grooming and increase of mast cells should confer resistance to tick. Furthermore, we found metabolic pathways that were not previously described in the literature may be novel targets for the development of strategies prevent tick infestation, as vaccines and drugs.
Influência de Dendrocephalus brasiliensis Pesta, 1921 (Crustacea: Anostraca) na dinâmica da comunidade planctônica em três lagoas temporárias do município de Urucuia, MG
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-06)
Passos, Rodrigo Ferroni
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Melão, Maria da Graça Gama
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8342306603661310
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4032882355970828
Ecological short-term studies were conducted in three temporary ponds where naturally occurs the fairy shrimp Dendrocephalus brasiliensis, focusing mainly on structure and dynamics of zooplankton. These ponds are located at Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Samples were collected just after the rainy season of 2011, during seven consecutive days in the two first ponds (P1 and P2) and six days in the third pond (P3). The three environments were shallow and showed high temperatures during the sampling period. Were also determined the concentrations of nutrients, suspended material and chlorophyll a in the water in the studied environments. The values of these variables increased after heavy rain. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of zooplankton community showed low richness in these ponds and diversity indices are specially related to rain. Number and relative abundance of zooplankton groups were related to the presence and density of D. brasiliensis. Analysis of phytoplankton and chlorophyll a showed that ponds with higher phytoplankton density seem to be favorable for some zooplankton groups such as rotifers and of D. brasiliensis. High densities of D. brasiliensis cysts in the sediments of the temporary ponds studied indicate that this species is well established in these environments. The CCA and Monte Carlo analyses demonstrate that most of the zooplankton community in the three temporary ponds were related with variable chlorophyll a.
Metabolismo in vitro do albendazol em escala miligrama e purificação por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência semipreparativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-06)
Batistão, Marina Beghini
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Oliveira, Regina Vincenzi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6609377714413073
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8425893885430274
This work presents the in vitro metabolism of albendazole (ABZ) conducted with microsomal fractions obtained from Wistar rats and performed in analytical and semipreparative scale. Subsequent separation and purification of the major metabolites was accomplished using High Performance Chiral Liquid Chromatography in normal elution mode. The chromatographic separation of ABZ, albendazol sulphoxide (ABZ-SO), albendazole 2-aminesulphone (ABZ-NH2-SO2) and albendazole sulphone (ABZ-SO2) was achieved on a chromatographic chiral column containing amylose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) (15.0 x 0.46 cm i.d.) or (20.0 x 0.70 cm i.d.), hexane:ethanol (55:45) as mobile phase and = 290 nm. Different parameters in the in vitro biotransformation were evaluated in a univariate mode and the best conditions selected as follows: incubation time (6 hours), concentration of ABZ (1.5 mg/mL), concentration of proteins (20 mg/ml) and concentration of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate dehydrogenase (NADPH; 20 mg/ml). For the NADPH regenerating system was used nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) 100 mmol/L, glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) 100 mmol/L and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) 100 U/mL. For the microsomal fractions both the calcium aggregation or ultracentrifugation methods were appropriate for microsome isolation. Ultracentrifugation provided the highest protein concentration for the extracted samples (35.2 mg/mL). The sample preparation was conducted by solid phase extraction and the recoveries were within 89 to 109%. The in vitro metabolism in milligram scale allowed the production of 1.0 mg of the (+)- ABZ-SO and 8.0 mg of the (-)-ABZ-SO. The ABZ-NH2-SO2 and ABZ-SO2 were not observed under the biotransformation conditions tested. The in vitro metabolism in milligram scale can be used for the production and purification of metabolites for further pharmacokinetics studies.
O planejamento regional e urbano e a questão ambiental: análise da relação entre o plano de bacia hidrográfica Tietê-Jacaré e os Planos Diretores Municipais de Araraquara e São Carlos, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-06)
Peres, Renata Bovo
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Silva, Ricardo Siloto da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5346985934880710
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6045407453925020
This Thesis is included on the discussion about the integration of the environmental dimension in the territorial management. More specifically, discuss the manner how the environmental issues have been treated in the tools and practices of management located at two territorial limits: in the municipal planning and in the regional planning by river basin. Even there have been advances related on the environmental concern in the territorial policies, this is one of the major frontiers of confrontation between agents who act and transform spaces, presenting situations of conflicts. The implementation of an integrated environmental management and planning deals with one of these challenges, the build of interfaces and joints among the tools and levels of the environmental policy with the municipal and regional policies. In this context, the general goal of this work is to analyze the relation between the environmental dimension and the municipal and regional planning, respectively, by the River Basin Plans and the Master Plans, specifically the Unit of Water Resources Management Tietê‐Jacaré from São Paulo State (UGRHI‐13). As research objects, were selected the River Basin Tietê‐Jacaré Plan and the Master Plans of Araraquara and São Carlos, both municipalities located at this territory. The research is exploratory, descriptive and analytic, considering the following categories of analyzes: definition of the local and regional units of management and planning; environmental tools in the river basin plan and in the urban plans; forums of local and regional management and planning; influence degree among the analyzed tools. Bibliographic and documentary revision and analyses, semi‐structured interviews and questionnaires were done. The regional planning by river basin presents a great potential about the integration aspects between the natural and human systems, from the proper use and occupation of territory, taking in account the social and environmental conditions. The River Basin Plan is a reference tool to guide the water use and land use in the respective region, although there are still gaps and difficulties in a more effective and expanded implementation. In the actual manner, it is considered as a tool extremely technical which has being poorly used in the management forums. It has being used more as a diagnosis of the environmental condition of the river basin than as a really inducer tool for policies. It doesn´t recognize the conflicts of land use and territorial organization as a vulnerability which needs to be addressed. The town planning is the principal conductive agent to the land use, mainly urban. In terms of territorial policies, the decisions are made at municipal levels. The master plans present opportunities to guide public policies which have been built from social forces, although still concentrate on the application of tools to urban zoning. The environmental conditions and aspects are presented as a margin thematic and weakly articulated with other policies. In the same way, there is a lack of regional aspects in the master plans, in order to understand that the environmental discussion presents an extension beyond the municipal limits. In the master plans appear few references to other forums and tools of regional planning, as the River Basin Plans and Committees. Therefore, the analysis of this work tried to demonstrate the complex relation among the policies, tools and forums of municipal and regional management and planning, showing the technical, political‐institutional and legal barriers which hinder the application of the Integrated Territorial Management concept.
Qualificar é preciso? Um estudo sobre a política de qualificação profissional em unidades sucroalcooleiras do Triângulo Mineiro/Alto Paranaíba-MG
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-06)
Marques, Rejane Siqueira Silva
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Scopinho, Rosemeire Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4770451465556845
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8377618481074158
The title of this research is intended to be provocative enough in a scenario where the qualification is seen as the "touchstone" and with which workers, as to possess, compete advantageously in the market. In the case of this sector, much is present the argument that there is not enough skilled labor force that can corroborate the productive restructuring of the agricultural sector, especially by providing the necessary conditions for the implementation of mechanized harvesting and consequent reduction of activity manual cutting cane sugar, seen as a precarious job. Part of the resolution of this issue would be on the qualification of cane cutters and reintegration of those in the productive sphere. Understanding professional qualification as a set of knowledge, skills and abilities required to perform a particular work process, so that the need of capital to expand the profit rate is met, a study was conducted on a group of companies located in the region of sugarcane Triangulo Mineiro/Alto Paranaiba- MG, with the goal of understanding the implementation process of professional qualification programs targeted to sugarcane workers. Research shows that over 80% of the sugarcane farm workers - especially those with low education and migrate constantly - has not been contemplated by the professional training program developed by the group. The program was targeted at young workers and urban experiences of work, making the qualification they went through, only a certification of skills they already possessed. In this sense, the discourse on the qualification of the cane cutters is presented more as an industry rhetoric than action to minimize unemployment generated by mechanization.
Sobre a estabilidade de catalisadores de cobalto suportados durante a reforma do etanol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-11)
Ávila Neto, Cícero Naves de
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Bueno, José Maria Corrêa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0157452280626031
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5876235459236551
Cobalt-based catalysts supported on γ-alumina and magnesium aluminate modified with lanthanum and cerium have been applied to various conditions of reforming of ethanol. The initial challenge was to control the rate of carbon accumulation, a major cause of deactivation of catalysts under steam reforming of ethanol. In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy analyses showed that the rate of carbon accumulation is inversely proportional to the amount of Co2+ species and directly proportional to the amount of Co0 species. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses showed that, after reducing the catalysts in hydrogen, the oxidized fraction of the particles is mainly on their surface. Both the oxidized and reduced fractions of cobalt crystallites have face-centered cubic structure. The concentration of superficial oxygen under reforming conditions is determined by the curvature of the surface of the particles, the nature of the supports and the presence of promoters such as platinum and copper. The concentration of superficial oxygen is also highly sensitive to reaction conditions such as the composition and amount of oxidizing agents, such as oxygen and water, and reaction temperature. The rate of accumulation of carbon could be controlled with co-feeding oxygen to the reactor, process called oxy-reforming of ethanol, and using ceria as support. However, stability tests showed that catalyst deactivation may also occur by oxidation of metal sites. The ignition of the reforming process takes place in a microregion at the entrance of the catalyst bed where ethanol is fully oxidized, releasing energy and increasing the local temperature. Spatial-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy analyses showed that the ratio Co2+/Co0 is much greater than one inside this microregion. The high local temperature and the presence of oxidized species in the entrance of the bed produce the appropriate conditions which lead the Co2+ ions to diffuse into the defect spinel structure of γ-alumina, leading to loss of potentially active sites for reforming of ethanol. This phenomenon is unleashed as a wave that propagates from the entrance of the bed downstream to the regions where Co2+ species exist. However, one can prevent the diffusion of Co2+ species to the structure of γ- alumina using aluminates as supports.
Síntese de titanatos alcalinos e avaliação na transesterificação catalítica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-11)
Marciniuk, Letícia Ledo
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Cardoso, Dilson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2462847535959232
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9243858170287624
Three methods for the synthesis of sodium titanates were investigated: solid state treatment (800 oC), hydrothermal treatment (110 oC) and sol-gel method (55 oC). The titanium oxide was used as starting compound for xerothermal and hydrothermal treatments. The titanium (IV) n-butoxide was used in the sol-gel method. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray, atomic absorption spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry coupled to mass spectroscopy, nitrogen physisorption, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The materials synthesized were used as heterogeneous-basic catalysts in the transesterification reaction between ethyl acetate and methanol, performed under mild conditions: 50 oC, 30 min of reaction time, 4 wt. % of catalyst and molar ratio of ester:alcohol 1:6. The solid prepared by sol-gel method was the most active leading to esters yields around 30 %. This non-calcined material showed high catalytic stability. The loss of activity on the fourth cycle was accompanied by the appearance of a new species of oxygen, identified using XPS analysis. The XPS spectrum showed that the basic character of this oxygen species was inferior to that of the original species, which could explain the loss of catalytic activity. The deactivation was accompanied by the intensification of a second Na 1s component at higher binding energy. The migration of these ions to the catalyst surface reduced their availability for the formation of active Ti-O-Na+ sites, which explain the loss of catalytic activity after the fourth test cycle or after calcination of the material, both of which resulted in the same effect.
As representações sociais das mudanças do clima e suas implicações no processo de territorialização: os Bijagós da ilha de Formosa, Guiné-Bissau
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-11)
Santy, Boaventura Rodrigues Vaz Horta
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Valêncio, Norma Felicidade Lopes da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7161606146208875
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8398564807934695
The study describes and analyzes sociologically, from a qualitative approach, the social representations of the people of the island of Formosa Bijagó about possible threats related to climate change, its consequences in terms of the form of territorial occupation and way of life characteristic of that group. For this, we adopted the following methodological procedures: a) A review of the state of the art about the concepts of vulnerability related to climate change, the increasing vulnerability, risk and social representations, b) documentary research and fieldwork. For Bijagó the natural and the social are inextricably linked, to the extent that a crisis in the social system would have negative effects on natural sistem. Thus, the adverse changes that are occurring in nature around them, would be signs of displeasure from their ancestors about the differences and crises with the community, which are in power to control and manipulate the events of nature.
Processamento digital de imagens para inferência de risco de doença fúngica da bananicultura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-11)
Bendini, Hugo do Nascimento
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Cruvinel, Paulo Estevão
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7924553462118511
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0260327521376255
The digital image processing has been used to solve a significant number of problems in the agricultural sector, especially with the evolution of remote sensing systems. This work presents a computational model based on digital image processing and remote sensing to infer about the risk in the agricultural environment. To validate the method, a experimental study was conducted about the risk of fungal disease in banana plantations. Temporal series of meteorological and monitoring data of the disease, organized in classes for the definition of probability distribution models, based on polynomial functions were used to validate results as well as satellite images integrated by fusion techniques, geometric corrections and re-sampling with interpolators based on kriging techniques. Fusion methods by IHS (Intensity, Hue, and Saturation) and PCA (Principal Component Analysis) and the Gaussian models, exponential and cylindrical for the ordinary kriging were tested. The IHS fusion technique demonstrated to be more interesting in relation the PCA technique, with correlation coefficients between bands 2, 3 and 4 originals and hybrids, of 0.2318, 0.0304 and 0.1800, respectively. The method of ordinary kriging for re-sampling of the images showed better results when adjusted by the Gaussian model. The proposed method is feasible to the development of risk maps of disease occurrence, since confer spatial and temporal variability in relation to the model existing on the literature for the region.
Influência da geometria da nanocarga na estruturação, orientação e propriedades de filmes tubulares de nanocompósitos de PA6
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-13)
Marini, Juliano
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Bretas, Rosario Elida Suman
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2805349172281345
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4533610255047654
The structure and morphology of polymers and consequently their properties are dependent on the processing conditions. During the blown film process, high shear and elongational flows can induce a preferred orientation of the polymer chains; controlling the process conditions, it is possible to obtain films with anisotropic properties. Polymeric nanocomposites have attracted industrial and scientific interest due the possibility of obtaining materials with improved thermal, mechanical, and permeation properties by the addition of small contents of inorganic fillers. This dispersed phase can also be affected by the processing conditions and also develop a preferred orientation, and influence the three-dimensional structure of the composite and its properties. In this work, the influence of the nanoparticle s (NPs) shape and processing conditions on the structure (with emphasis on the orientation characteristics) of polyamide 6 (PA6) nanocomposites blown films was evaluated, by the incorporation of an one-dimensional NP (halloysite HNT, with a hollow tubular structure) and a two-dimensional NP (montmorillonite MMT, with lamellar structure) to the polymeric matrix. Using a constant NP content (fixed above the theoretical percolation threshold) and evaluating the presence or absence of the NP s superficial treatment, blown films were obtained in four different processing conditions, varying the take-up and blow-up ratios (TUR and BUR, respectively) and using a fixed mass flow. Unexpectedly, all the films exhibited a preferred orientation of the crystalline lamellae along the normal direction, i.e., along the film thickness, independently of the processing conditions. This behavior was explained by the cooling conditions and initial preferred orientation of the polymer chains in the annular die exit. On the other hand, the NPs presented a preferred orientation along the flow direction and were well distributed and dispersed through the matrix. The film s thermal dynamicviii mechanic, tensile, permeation and optical behaviors were consistent with the structure observed and significant improvements of these properties were achieved for the films of organically treated HNT and MMT PA6 nanocomposites. Regarding the NP s shape, greater aspect ratio and surface area, in the presence of good interfacial interactions, promoted a greater efficiency of reinforcement.
ACUMAAF: ambiente de computação ubíqua para o monitoramento e avaliação de atividade física
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-13)
Nunes, Douglas Fabiano de Sousa
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Souza, Wanderley Lopes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3742302894743620
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3268006553416933
The physical inactivity has been indicated by the World Health Organization (WHO) as one of the main risk factors for the incidence of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (CNCDs). Millions of deaths in the world are a result of these diseases, and this number has increased each year. In an attempt to change this scenario WHO has stimulated regular practice of physical activities, because they play an important role in preventing CNCDs. In Brazil, these activities are performed by health units which generate a large amount of data that need treatment. To deal with this problem we developed UCEMEPA, an environment that employs Ubiquitous Computing technologies and wireless communication networks, in order to monitor remotely and evaluate participants of physical activity groups in real-time. This environment automatically collects physiologic data, and provides indicators which will support and direct public policies for promoting physical activity. In this sense, UCEMEPA will contribute for the promotion of health and quality of life, and for the conduction of longitudinal studies aiming to establish correlations between the practice of physical activity and CNCDs prevention.
A pedagogização do sexo da criança: do corpo ao dispositivo da infância
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-13)
Moruzzi, Andrea Braga
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Abramowicz, Anete
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1502374705668286
Cette recherche tente de relever et d analyser les différentes pratiques qui produisirent l enfance moderne. Nous sommes partis de la notion que le XVIIIème Siècle investit de façon spécifique au niveau du corps de l enfant, en produisant une série de pratiques qui s inscrivent dans un processus de pédagogisation de son sexe. Cette pédagogisation, de son côté, se déroule dans un premier temps, au travers d un silence et d une négation de l existence de la sexualité de l enfant, mais dans un deuxième temps, déclenche une explosion de pratiques qui iront, par ailleurs, exalter, expliquer, inciter, « libérer », traiter, soigner, etc., toutes ses manifestations autour de son corps. Notre hypothèse est que, à partir du moment où l enfant devient un des groupes stratégiques du dispositif de la sexualité, un ensemble hétérogène de régimes de vérités et pratiques se produit sur lui, de sorte que s installe chez cet enfant une façon d être et d avoir une enfance. Ainsi, la présente recherche a investi dans l idée que l enfance est à l image de la sexualité, un dispositif du pouvoir. Nous présentons trois groupes de pratiques que nous appelons ici Pratiques pédagogiques, Pratiques divisantes et identitaires de genre et de sexualité et Pratiques médicales. À partir de certaines caractéristiques attribuées au concept de dispositif, nous avons tenté d élucider au sein de ces pratiques les lignes de visibilité et d énonciation, celles de force et celles de subjectivation qui convergent dans le dispositif de l enfance. Nous observons que les pratiques qui engendrèrent l enfance moderne s inscrivent dans un mouvement qui va de l analyse minutieuse du corps à la configuration d une manière de vivre, de se comporter, de se vêtir, d habiter, de s exprimer, qui configure chez les enfants une façon de vivre l enfance.
Métodos para reconhecimento de íris em ambiente não cooperativo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-14)
Souza, Jones Mendonça de
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Fernandes, Marcio Merino
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7278634019537967
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6350509072133516
The identification of humans by their iris structure has been explored since 1993, when the first algorithm was made available by John Daugman. Since then, iris recognition systems are widely used for access control of several kinds of environments. Such systems typically requires the user´s cooperation, appropriate lighting conditions, and images obtained in the infra-red band. Dynamic methods for biometric identification has been the subject of studies in the past few years, including iris recognition in non-cooperative environments. This paper proposes a pre-processing methodology to enable iris images classification taken in a noncooperative setting, from users at a certain distance, or while moving. The methodology aims to select images from the visible band containing an acceptable level of noise, and as such being suitable to apply the classification algorithms. Experimental results have shown that images with up to 40% of noise can still be used, suggesting the methodology may be useful as an aid to implement iris recognition systems at distance or in motion.
Crianças e adolescentes com plumbemia: habilidades sociais, funcionamento intelectual e problemas de comportamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-15)
Dascanio, Denise
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Del Prette, Zilda Aparecida Pereira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8113238388739093
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1569705610267991
The World Health Organization has established that blood lead levels beyond 10μg/dl can cause neural behavior alterations in children, such as deficits in psychological development, hyperactivity, language development and cognition. This recognized group of potential hazards generated by blood lead level could lead to thinking about compromising of infantile interpersonal relations and social skills. Considering the absence of studies that explore the relation between high lead blood level, cognitive deficits and social skills, behavior problems, and parental educational practices, these seem to be important variables that deserve mensuration. As such, the general objective of this study was to evaluate the relation between the repertoire of social skills, academic and intellectual achievement, the behavior problems, as well as the parental educational practices of children and adolescents with different blood lead levels with a comparation group, without blood lead levels. The sample was composed by 105 participants, their ages varying between 8 and 17 years old, with high and low blood lead level, their respective parents or legal guardians and their teachers. The other 50 participants, with their respective parents or legal guardians and teachers, with the same social demographic characteristics, but without any history of lead intoxication, composed the sample. The participants were divided in three groups: GAP - Group with High Blood Lead Level(higher than 10μg/dl); GBP Group with Low Blood Lead Level (lower than 5μg/dl) and GC Comparation Group(without lead blood levels). The following instruments were used: Criteria of Economical Classification Brasil; Social Skills Rating SSRS-BR (child and professor version); Inventory of Social Skills for Adolescents- IHSA- Del-Prette; the Inventory of Parental Styles- IEP, child and parent version, the WISC-III and the TDE. In order to achieve the objectives proposed here, five articles were produced. One theoretical manuscript, approaching blood lead levels, risk factors and protection, public health issues and the psychology role in dealing with this issue and the effects. . Other referring to the social repertoire, intellectual and academic performance of adolescents with high and low blood levels (Manuscript II). The manuscript III that investigated the variation of social skills, behavior problems and academic competence regarding the blood lead levels, as to verify the possible protective role of social skills. Manuscript IV assessed the educational practices of children caregivers with different lead blood levels. For that, the psychometrics qualities of an inventory were tested, which evaluates the parental styles, both in the mother s perceptions and the son s, the IEP. Finally, Manuscript V, that had the objective of identifying variables (social skills, parenting practices, behavior problems and academic competence) that distinguish the children with and without intoxication by the metal lead and the possible protective role of social skills on behavioral problems in both groups. In general lines, the results showed more losses (more behavior problems, less academic competence and less social skills, when evaluated by the teacher) for the participants with high and low blood lead levels when compared to the group without blood lead levels. In regards to social skills, it has found a discrepancy between the autoevaluation and the teacher s evaluation. In selfevaluation perspective, the infected children evaluated their social skills more positively than their teachers. Research and practical questions are discussed from these results.