Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2012-06-22"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 18784

De cleaner a waiter: trajetórias de trabalhadores brasileiros em Londres
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-22)
Martins Junior, Angelo
;
Lima, Jacob Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9244132532446607
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2540009751058701
The aim of this dissertation is to analyze a group of Brazilian workers who are in London doing some "unskilled job" in the service sector. It is intended to verify: the alleged reasons to migrate; how it developed throughout the process of displacement, arrival and adaptation in the new society; the working conditions that these immigrants are submitted; the social networks used to obtain and maintain the work; and the intra-Community relations. In a context of mobility of people between continents and region, social networks act as mediators that facilitate these movements, since the social contacts provide initial information to obtain access to housing, work and other material or symbolic goods. However, those individuals who "constitute social ties" are not always supportive and these links will not provide gains to all, and it may exclude some while includes others. Inserted into a new social logic and working on activities that they would not perform in their country of origin, these immigrants assume new values in relation to work, building new forms of social differentiation and justification. The research is the result of two distinct moments. First an exploratory study was conducted from an experience as student and casual worker for nine months in London, in which was developed ethnography of social relations and work in the "community" of informal Brazilian workers. Secondly, in-depth interviews were conducted in order to recover the trajectory of life of these migrant.
O gênero musical samba como conteúdo cultural no ensino de PLE : uma experiência com aprendentes hispanofalantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-22)
Tonelli, Fernanda
;
Barbosa, Lúcia Maria de Assunção
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5030878430187815
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7748078290997968
This Master research focuses the use of samba as a means of working culture in Portuguese as a Foreign Language class. For this, we conducted a content-based course about samba for Spanish speakers to analyze how the samba can be configured as a way to teach cultural aspects related to language and to identify the impressions of these learners about learning Portuguese through this cultural content. We assume the proposal that the place of language is the same as the culture, so there is no way to separate these two elements in the teaching/learning a foreign language. As a social manifestation of great representative for the Brazilian culture, samba was chosen in this research as a content that can reveal elements of cultural and national identity, thus, should contribute to the learning of Portuguese as a foreign language. The methodology adopted is qualitative and ethnography based and the procedures and data collection instruments were observation and notes, classes audio recording and questionnaires made at the beginning and at the end of the course. In this research, we verify the validity of using the samba as a pedagogical resource for teaching PLE, acting both as an initiator of cultural reflection in the classroom and as a voice that collaborates for the cultural discussion that is already started in class. Moreover, the samba was perceived by students as a source of cultural contact by several themes that his lyrics convey.
Desenvolvimento de biossensores utilizando nanotubos de carbono e nanopartículas de ouro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-22)
Janegitz, Bruno Campos
;
Fatibello Filho, Orlando
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9859737944357808
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7746094938977989
First, a glassy carbon electrode modified with functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and glucose oxidase was proposed. Cyclic voltammetry of GOx immobilized onto the surface of CNTs showed a pair of well-defined redox peaks, which corresponds to the direct electron transfer of GOx, with a formal potential of -0.418 V in 0.1 mol L-1 phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.0). An apparent heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant of 1.69 s-1 was obtained. The determination of glucose was carried out by square wave voltammetry and the developed biosensor showed good reproducibility and stability. The second biosensor was a boron-doped diamond electrode modified with AuNPs electrodeposited and Tyrosinase (Tyr). The occurrence of direct electron transfer between the electrode surface and the Tyr active site was verified by cyclic voltammetry, yielding the following parameter values: formal redox potential of 0.115 V. The developed Tyr-AuNPs/BDD biosensor exhibits good sensitivity, stability, and reproducibility for the determination of phenol by SWV. The third proposed biosensor was developed based on acetylcholinesterase, gold nanoparticles and poly (allylamine hydrochloride) film on the surface of screen printed carbon electrodes (SPCE) for the determination of pesticides using a portable micromachined flow injection system. The AChE-AuNPs/SPCE biosensor presented a limit of detection of 5.0 x 10-8 mol L-1 for Diuron. In addition, the biosensor showed good sensitivity, stability and reproducibility for Diuron determination in water samples. Finally, a novel electrochemical immunosensor using electrodeposited gold nanoparticles modified-screen-printed carbon electrodes (AuNPs/SPCEs) was developed for the determination of prolactin.The variables involved in the preparation of the immunosensor and the electrochemical detection step were optimized, which presented a limit of detection of 10 ng mL-1. The analytical usefulness of the immnunosensor for the analysis of real samples was demonstrated by analyzing human serum spiked with PRL at two different concentration levels.
Propriedades eletrônicas e estruturais do Cu/ZrO2 aplicadas à reação do etanol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-22)
Sato, André Gustavo
;
Bueno, José Maria Corrêa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0157452280626031
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3495469721481454
Copper is a typical catalyst for dehydrogenation of ethanol to acetaldehyde. However, copper supported on ZrO2 was found to be extremely active and selective to convert ethanol directly to ethyl acetate. Several reports in the literature have been made attempting to explain the catalytic properties of the solid Cu/ZrO2. Nevertheless, the nature of active sites, the role of copper, ZrO2 and their interface require further study with the use of more accurate techniques. Since the precise identification of the active sites for the occurrence of this reaction is the first step to propose mechanisms that help to understand it. In this work, we conducted a study using copper supported on three different polymorphs of ZrO2: monoclinic (m-ZrO2), tetragonal (t-ZrO2) and amorphous (am-ZrO2). Thus, the interaction of copper phase with ZrO2 would be limited to changes in textural, structural and electronic properties intrinsic to each polymorph, and not to the chemical composition in the case of we chose other support oxide. With an innovative and challenging proposal, this thesis developed by itself conducting in advanced characterizations of the structure and electronic state of the Cu/ZrO2 activated in H2. The analytical approach adopted for the characterization of the Cu/ZrO2 was performed by monitoring its in situ activation by the temperature programmed reduction in H2 with technique using synchrotron radiation like X-ray Absorption spectroscopy. Although reactions in heterogeneous catalysis proceed on the surface of an active catalyst, the properties of the surface can be influenced or determined by the bulk of the catalyst. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy of adsorbed CO were used for Cu/ZrO2 active surface characterization. Catalytic tests show that the direct and efficient formation of ethyl acetate from ethanol depends on the chemical interface between Cu-ZrO2. However, it was found that higher performance of these catalysts to ethyl acetate does not occur at any interface. The property of Cu-ZrO2 interface varies according to the ZrO2 polymorphism, with the best performance in the ethyl acetate formation observed in the catalyst Cu/m-ZrO2. The premature loss in ethyl acetate selectivity observed at temperatures above 250 °C in Cu/m-ZrO2 revealed that the origin of its interface property can be associated with the oxygen mobility and lability from the bulk of the catalyst. Through the redox mechanism promoted by oxygen vacancies in am-ZrO2 and in m-ZrO2, an electron transfer between support and Cu surface would be established as to form highly active species to ethyl acetate.
Confiabilidade humana e o funcionamento normal de uma refinaria de petróleo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-22)
Borges, Fábio Morais
;
Menegon, Nilton Luiz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5461487552981919
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9440105038133106
There is a distance between a design as planed and one developed effectively. It varies according to both the constraints involved in the design process and accuracy of design conception. Many projects are designed without taking into account the user‟s real needs. It makes difficult or impossible the developing of the tasks. To improve this scenario, the Ergonomics seeks to understand the activity to incorporate the workers perspective in the design and operation of sociotechnical systems. To reach this goal, it uses the Activity Analysis approach. It is on the situated activity that emerge the own skills and characteristics of human, in order to ensure the system stability. Thus, the human is the reliability factor of the system. It is called Human Reliability. It follows in this research, the assumption that the Activity Analysis is the most appropriate method to provide subsidies for a design focused on the needs of the task, increasing the supports that help ensure the operational reliability of the system. It were used analyzes carried out in a Petroleum Refinery for 3 years and a half of study. They enabled the development of designs that take into account the role of refinery workers as the most experts of his work. The analyzes used photographs and videos to understand more deeply the activity of the refinery workers. From these analyzes were extracted actions and strategies used to refinery workers to correct instabilities that are present at all times. It can generate incidents which lead to lose of control of the system as a whole, if not noticed at time. The workers do it using the representation of the system. The actions were classified into five categories, according to the elements mobilized for the recovery of the normal state of the system. It is proposed a Design Resilient Model that incorporates these actions and aims to ensure that new strategies, built from new constraints, are constantly evaluated and incorporated on the project, if possible. It emphasizes that even with the construction of the Model, it been possible realize that the conflicts that operators face in the daily routine of the Refinery are dynamic and cannot be translated for a Model. There will always be a remnant. There will always be hysteresis. Thus, the activity will continue to be the place where operators respond to these conflicts. Showing that, for the most appropriate to the needs of the task that is a model, the refinery workers will continue having to resolve conflicts in situated action.
Caminhos para a transição agroecológica: estudo com uma família do assentamento Fazenda Ipanema, Iperó (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-22)
Avila, João Eduardo Tombi de
;
Assad, Maria Leonor Ribeiro Casimiro Lopes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0379324550884468
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0701072376750140
Many farmers consider Agroecology a tool to produce sustainably. By changing their production systems, changing crops and inputs applied, aiming at a sustainable system, the family farmer search a transition agroecology. However, few among them can produce or advance in agroecological transition. A reason for this difficulty may be related to biomass production in quantity and quality to ensure the agroecosystems sustainability. The family agroecosystems tend to have greater biodiversity than large farms due to a tendency to polycultures, self, family pluriactivity, among other strategies. In this local biodiversity, plants play a key role and can be considered co-products. This study aimed to characterize a unit of production and family life (UPVF) adopting management practices aimed at agroecological transition, to discuss the importance of plant biomass in this transition process and to propose alternatives to achieve the fertility system. The research was developed at Iperó in Ipanema Farm settlement in the State of Sao Paulo. The UPVF studied occupies a plot of eight hectares and is divided into seven sectors of production. The family with whom this work was developed live in the settlement since 1992. The research aimed to detail the system features and the complexity of relationships in order to describe and analyze a case study setting. It was found that the biomass produced in UPVF did not meet the nutritional demand of the main sector of commercial product, the banana orchard. The proposed redesign sought to ally virtuous experiences and scenic beauty, attractive for humans. Thus, the UPVF redesign aimed at promoting the cradle areas of fertility, assisted in the production of plant biomass in abundance and quality (diversity), preferably in well accessible, as the surrounding residences, places of daily traffic and nearby areas containment of animals. Thus, it is expected to 16 contribute to the sense of pride in the family for the successful transformation of the local landscape and the awareness of what it represents.
Estudo dos alcaloides quinolônicos de Waltheria brachypetala Turcz: isolamento, determinação estrutural, biogênese, atividades fungitóxica e anticolinesterase
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-26)
Lima, Murilo Marinho de Castro
;
Silva, Maria Fátima das Graças Fernandes da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0457632122660653
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0473315948052236
Waltheria brachypetala Turcz (Malvaceae) is an endemic medicinal plant from brazilian northeast. This plant is commonly used on folk medicine as antifungal, antiinflamatory and to treatment of bronchitis and central nervous system disturbs. The aim of this work was the investigation of quinolone alkaloids produced by this plant. Through usual chromatographic methods of purification were isolated from hexane and diclorometane phases of roots and bark, nineteen quinolone alkaloids, being ten already reported on literature: antidesmone (1), N-methyl-antidesmone (2), desoxi-antidesmone (3), chamaedrone (4), hyeronimone (5), metil-hyeronimone (6), waltheriones A (7) and B (8), N-methyl-waltherione A (9), 4-O-methyl-waltherione A (10) and nine novel alkaloids: waltheriantidesmone (11), brachytelones A (12), B (13), C (14), D (15), waltheriones C (16) and D (17), N-methyl-waltherione B (18) and 10-hydroxi-waltherione D (19), along with common ciclycpeptides to Hermannieae. Were also isolated twocoumarinolignans cleomicine A (20) and acethylcleomicine A (21) as new to genus Waltheria, and other secondary metabolites common in plants. The hexane and dicloromethane phases of the bark were studied by HPLC-UV-MS/MS to make possible the identification of the probable biogenesis intermediates of the waltheriones: 9,10-epoxy-10-hydroxi-melochinone (22), 13-hydroxi-melochinone (23) e melochinone (24), along with vanessine (25) e waltheriahyeronimone (26), being 26 did not yet report on literature. The isolation of that alkaloids from W. brachypetala confirmes it as potential chemossistematic markers to Hermannieae tribe and it strengthens the hypothesisof chemossystematic to suggest possible evolutive similarity between Hermannieae (Malvaceae) and Antidesmeae (Phyllantaceae), as well as similarity of antidesomne biogenesis pathway with melochinone derivatives biogenesis pathway. The alkaloids11, 12 and 13 represent a new class of aryl-alkyl-quinolone alkaloids that are being reported by first time in this work. The biological potential of W. brachypetalawas evaluated on the inhibition of AChE enzime and fungitoxic assays against the citros phytopatogen Guignardia citricarpa. All quinolone alkaloids tested presented significant activity of inhibition of AChE in vitro detaching the aryl-alkyl-quinolone alkaloids: waltheriantidesmone, brachytelone A e brachytelone B, that inhibits AChE in 93%, 88,04% e 91,05%, respectively, on concentration of 100 μM and with low value of IC50. The alkaloids antidesmone, w-antidesmone, chamaedrone, brachytelone A and brachytelone B, apresentaram excelente fungitoxic activity against G. citricarpa, as much with regard to mycelial growth inhibition as to germination of spores and apressorium formation presenting low value ofIC50. It detaches that the alkaloids brachytelone A and waltheriantidesmone presented more potente than the commercial fungicide carbendazin at concentration of 5 μg/ml, being thus potential candidates to chemical control of the Black Spot of Citros.
Desenvolvimento ágil para groupware na Web 2.0
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-26)
Pereira, Vinicius
;
Prado, Antonio Francisco do
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2668568143800755
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7461408251475978
This project investigated an Agile Development Process for groupware on theWeb 2.0. The process has its based in different technologies, especially those of the Scrum agile method, integrated with functional testing at the acceptance level. To assist this integration, we established a greater intercommunication between the process disciplines, using the User Stories as artifacts in all disciplines. The process aims to take advantage of the agility of the Scrum without losing quality in the development of applications. It was developed based on the Scrum process, with the addition of technologies that support the creation and use of artifacts in the search for integration with functional testing. The process uses three disciplines, each one refining the User Stories, which occur in different degrees of abstraction throughout the development. These stories should be a most faithful portrait possible of user needs and are used both in the form of cards (Story Cards), for requirements specification, and in an executable format to guide the implementation and work as functional testing. Mockups are used to complement the requirements specified in the cards, assisting in the task of representing the requirements. This set is the basis for the creation of User Stories in executable format. Other modeling artifacts, like Class Diagram, can also be specified in order to elicit requirements of the application. The procedure is supported by tools developed to enable the integration of the functional tests. These tools define a tests specification language to write User Stories, created as a DLL for Visual Studio, and a converter of these User Stories for functional testing in C# code. Thus, the proposed process provides a greater integration of tests during the development and execution of each discipline in order to produce higher quality applications. To test the process, applications were developed in the domain of groupware in Web 2.0. The adoption of this area was motivated by the idea of exploring the development of collaborative software that supports group work of people involved in common tasks.
"No galejo da remada": estudo etnográfico sobre a noção de aventura em Brotas, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-27)
Bandeira, Marília Martins
;
Toledo, Luiz Henrique de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9148206536101330
To investigate the use and development of the idea of adventure in brasilian sports field was the main goal of this study. Due to the enormous variability of the contemporary experience of adventure, I tried to follow the developments of a local version from where doubts about its specificity emerged. I started, then, on how this notion was thought and rationalized and, at the same time, on its practice in the city of Brotas (São Paulo state), self entitled the Brazilian capital of adventure. The study of adventure in this ambiance, undeniably embodied, led me to put my own body to work for its understanding and to focus on rafting practice in Brotas, as the condition of possibility of this experiment. However, during the experimentation I realized adventure held the sporting component only as one of the possible elements of its exploring. While making the effort to put in words so many angles, objects in dispute, categories of accusation and self praising discourses that circumscribe the hues on the concept of adventure I ended on acknowledging that the main concerns of adventure in Brotas regard not only the amateur sport, but also the professionalization of tourism and, before it all, an environmental project. Through the problematization of these themes, "adventure as work" came up as an unpredicted matter but a core question to the ethnographic research. And I noted that it is compromised with a peculiar notion of nature and that it is produced in opposition to the concept of radicality. But that, even though the exaltation of nature produces the detachment of radicality, the last one is regained as the contemporary notion of adventure is created so that, and it then demands, a certain type of tourist and a specific kind of worker, the adventure conductor, whose practices are related not to the avoidance, but to the facing of certain risks, mingled with the notions of safety and technique.
Análise da rede de relacionamentos em sistemas locais de inovação : a experiência de Santa Rita do Sapucaí MG
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-27)
Costa Júnior, Hélio Lemes
;
Torkomian, Ana Lúcia Vitale
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0142918820756470
This work focuses on the development and support of clusters of firms in a local productive arrangement, analyzing the relevance of innovation, the innovation system that companies form, along with educational institutions and support agencies, analyze business interactions between the firms and their interactions with the education institutions and support agencies, from the point of view of skilled labor employment, relations among the components of the system for training, knowledge acquisition and research and development. Beginning with the case study of the Valley of Electronics, technological pole located in Santa Rita do Sapucaí, a small town in Minas Gerais - Brazil, it was possible to conclude that, even with little commercial trade among the actors of the local productive arrangement, there is information exchange between educational institutions and businesses and there are subjective aspects that justify the continued development and maintenance of the pole for almost four decades.
Produção de celulases, purificação e caracterização bioquímico-cinética da ß-Glicosidase produzida por fungo isolado da região amazônica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-27)
Tonelotto, Mariana
;
Farinas, Cristiane Sanchez
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9933650905615452
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2826049908534068
The selection of cellulase-producing fungi is one of the possible estrategies for obtaining necessary enzymes to hydrolyze the lignocellulosic material of plant biomass and thereby contribute to the viability of cellulosic ethanol production. The aim of this study was achive a screening of isolated fungi from the Amazon region to assess the production of enzymes related to plant biomass degradation, in order to select a line for production, purification and biochemical, kinetical and and structural biology characterizationof the ß-Galactosidase enzyme. Therefore, this work was undertaken in three stages, first of all it was performed a screening of 40 fungal strains isolated from the Amazon region through the cultivation in solid state fermentation (FES) at 35ºC for 240 hours, using as substrate wheat bran. It was evaluated the production of xylanase, endoglucanase, FPase, pectinase, ß-Glicosidase and total protein, and the fungi that stood out were: P6B2, the best producer of xylanase, P47C3 (Aspergillus niger), the best producer endoglucanase and ß-Glicosidase and P40B3, the best producer of FPase. These three fungi were selected for the second phase of this work for assessment in the production of xylanase, FPase, endoglucanase, ß-Glicosidase and total protein by submerged fermentation (FSm). The fermentation took place for 5 days at 30ºC and 200 rpm with a source of carbon: 1% of wheat bran washed and nutrient medium. The fungi P47C3, which was identified as Aspergillus niger, showed the best production of these enzymes, being selected for the third stage of this project. This last step involved the selection of an enzyme that has not been elucidated its structural biology. Given this fact, we carried out a study of selection of the medium, purification and biochemicalkinetical characterization of ß-Galactosidase. The Aspergillus niger (P47C3) was subjected to submerged for 5 days at 200 rpm at 30ºC. Purification occured in three steps using: ion exchange column SP-Sephadex C-50 and SP TSK-5PW column, and gelfiltration, with the resin Sephacryl S-200. The enzyme ß-Galactosidase showed a molecular weight of 125 kDa, being stable at pH 4,0, with anoptimum temperature of 55ºC. It was evaluated theKmap e Vmáxap of two substrates, PNPG and lactose, being: 2,204 mM-0,285 mM/min and 2,101 mM-0,75mM/min, respectively. The inhibition of hydrolasis of the substrate PNPG by ß-Galactosidase in the presence of galactose inhibitor product showed a Ki value of 5,01 mM. Finally, the ß-Galactosidase was subjected to crystallization conditions, the best conditions occurred in buffer 0,2M Tris- HCl, with the precipitation agent, 12% PEG 4000 at pH 8,6. Therefore, the unpublished protocol for purification of ß-Galactosidase was efficient and it is possible to crystallize this enzyme of isolated fungi from the Amazon region, which showed great potencial for the production of this enzyme and that the future can be used in industrial application and biotechnological innovations.
A diversidade da agricultura familiar e o processo de recampesinização no envolvimento rural de Piedade-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-28)
Nadaleto, Claudio Eduardo Silva
;
Beskow, Paulo Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5370208348544496
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0391061558152121
This research has been intended to elucidate the family farming diversity of Piedade, in the State of São Paulo and its ongoing repeasantization process within this wide relevant category in the municipality. The case study was made from a theoretical approach on the rural development and involvement as well as over the family farming. Thus, it was noticed that the farming process and the rural environment of Piedade had already experienced countless situations where they could be fit in the agricultural development, rural development and lastly according to the proposal of this research, rural involvement. This is because it has been observed that some farmer families have become more of peasant families with the various strategies they have undertaken and especially because of this, all their practices have been traversed across by the involvement and dynamism of their performers. Moreover, it has been verified that the repeasantization process gathers the most successful and promising strategies in promoting stability, motivation and autonomy to the local farmer families.
Aspectos canônicos da narrativa transmidiática em Lost
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-28)
Toledo, Glauco Madeira de
;
Massarolo, João Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3308336910966465
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3902874128810762
The concept of transmedia storytelling by Henry Jenkins is taken in order to differentiate it from the concept of cross-media, older and worked earlier by several authors. Based on a comparison, it is proposed that the criterion of differentiation is the fact that transmedia storytelling necessarily tells a story and requires a specific type of cohesion of diegetic facts, here called fictional canon. These references are used to analyze an illustrative example: the series LOST (Lost, USA, 2004-2010), created by JJ Abrams, Jeffrey Lieber and Damon Lindelof, and its narrative extensions, since the body of work brings together some pieces that exhibit characteristics of both cross-media and transmedia storytelling, allowing discussion of the criterion of fictional canon. The text discusses the importance of adding the definition of transmedia storytelling the fictional canon variable, to better define the concept and to support future transmedia productions.
Produção e caracterização de filmes finos recobertos com albumina e fibronectina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-28)
Silva, Denise Aparecida Tallarico da
;
Nascente, Pedro Augusto de Paula
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1387043320265189
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3702301231393292
Properties related to the increase in the durability of the implants and reliable and faster biological responses are commonly exploited in different areas of scientific research. The physical and chemical phenomena that occur on the surface of the bone/implant interface determine the biological responses following the implantation of biomaterials and therefore are critical to the effectiveness of the process of osseointegration. This work involved the growth and characterization of nanostructured thin films produced by sputtering of TiO2, ZrO2, Nb2O5, and Zr/Ti/Nb on Si(111) and stainless steel substrates, and their subsequent coating with proteins (bovine serum albumin - BSA and fibronectin - Fn). The characterization techniques employed were: X-ray-photoelectron spectroscopy - XPS, atomic force microscopy AFM, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry - ToF-SIMS, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy - EDS, and nanoindentation. All films showed low surface roughness, nanostructured s grains, and low elastic moduli. The protein adsorption analysis demonstrated that the Zr/Ti/Nb film deposited onto steel and heat-treated had the highest affinity for albumin and that TiO2 film had the highest affinity for fibronectin. All films demonstrated to be suitable for use as protective coating for metallic orthopedic implants
Treino de ouvinte e a relação entre tatos e mandos como protocolo experimental para a aquisição de regras simples
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-28)
Gamba, Jonas Fernandes
;
Goyos, Antônio Celso de Noronha
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3407008711535651
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2272473540657147
The analysis of the relation between listener and speaker repertoires has contributed to the comprehension about the processes involved in the acquisition of complex verbal skills. The study of rule-governed behavior is part of these efforts. Further, it has been hypothesized that the transformation effect of verbal rules is dependent on the existing bidirectional relations between words and objects specified in the rule. The present study aimed to analyze how the relation between listener training and the emergence of tacts and mands may be understood as a basis to interpret simple occurrences of rule-construction and rule-following repertoires during acquisition. The basic procedure involved teaching motor signs for known and unknown items through MTS tasks in a specific context (listener training), and testing for the emergence of mands and tacts and the rule-following and rule-construction behavior that required the use of this information in a different context. Participants learned to respond to new signs by selecting the appropriate visual stimuli (pictures of containers, tools, and unfamiliar stimuli). Tacts were tested asking the participant to signalize in the presence of the pictures. On the other hand, mands were tested in a context where the participants were required to signalize the missed tools necessary to use specific containers. Then, 3 unfamiliar stimuli were used to substitute 3 of the stimuli used in the original training. The final tests consisted of to assess if the information learned during the original training could be transfer to the unfamiliar stimuli. Results pointed out to the emergence of tacsts and mands after listener training for most of the participants. However, the transformation effect of verbal rules using unfamiliar stimuli seemed to be related with the existence of bidirectional relations between the signs and objects specified in the rule.
Monitoramento genético da população Ex Situ da jacutinga (Aburria jacutinga, Aves, Cracidae) como subsídio para a conservação da espécie
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-28)
Oliveira Junior, Paulo Roberto Ramos de
;
Francisco, Mercival Roberto
;
Silveira, Luis Fábio
;
Piratelli, Augusto João
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/4747322084219058
Several critically endangered species and subspecies have been saved from extinction in recent years by Ex Situ conservation strategies. However, captive populations are generally small and exposed to the effects of genetic drift, inbreeding and founder effects. Thus, a major challenge for long-term reproduction of these animals is to reduce the loss of heterozygosity and of allelic diversity. The genetic management can guide the matings to maintain the genetic variation as high as possible in the population. It can be achieved by calculating the genetic distance between the specimens, which is performed using molecular biology techniques. The Black-fronted Piping-Guan, Aburria jacutinga (Aves, Cracidae), is an endemic bird of the Atlantic Forest that is threatened of extinction due to the drastic destruction of this biome and the heavy hunting pressure. Among the suggested conservation actions for this species are the development of an Ex Situ conservation program with the goal of making reintroductions in areas where it has become extinct, as well as the maintenance of these captivity stocks controlled by a studbook. Here we have genotyped and analyzed 146 individuals from the five main breeding facilities. The results demonstrated five genetically differentiated populations of Black-fronted Piping-Guan, but their levels of genetic variability were very similar. However when these levels are compared with other species, the data suggest that the genetic variation is lower than desirable to reach the objectives proposed by the Ex Situ conservation programs. Pairing tables and genetic rankings were constructed and indicated kinship and levels of genetic variability of each bird. It was possible to identify the best pairs to be mated and individuals that were adequate for reintroductions.
Quantificação de carbono sequestrado em sistema de cultivo da cana-de-açúcar em aleias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-28)
Silva, Marco Rogerio Gomes da
;
Margarido, Luiz Antonio Correia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5685663057214334
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2971221305276430
The present work aims to analyze the system of alleys, planting trees in rows associated with a commercial crop, in this case sugar cane, with three species of plants with timber characteristic, fertilize and fixative, making nutrient cycling, reducing the monoculture effects, with ecological and environmental gains. This technique will allow the increase of profits per hectare by fixing carbon during the growth period of these trees, besides the sale of wood production and promote the environmental sustainability of sugar cane. The physical parameters used to evaluate were monthly measurements during the first 2 years of experiment established, base diameter and the first branch plus the height of the stem of each plant, to thereby obtain the volume of each plant, to quantify the fixed carbon by non-destructive method. The results showed that the Guapuruvu capture media 685 g / plant of carbon, representing more 1.8 times than Cedar (381 g / plant) and 4.75 times more than Ipê (144 g / plant) in the same period. The Guapuruvu showed a yield higher than the Cedar and Ipe Yellow, both in tree growth and carbon fixation in evaluate period. The Arboreal species did not affect the development of the culture of sugar cane in the bands 30 and 45 meters of cultivation, only in 60 meters there was interference.
Acessibilidade a hospitais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-28)
Garcia, Patrícia Baldini de Medeiros
;
Raia Junior, Archimedes Azevedo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6413793013018019
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1509105994022410
Developments in the health sector, especially those placed in public care are fundamental to the care of the entire population of a city and region. The location of health projects such as "Santa Casa" was made since many decades ago, or even the latest developments seem not to have been concerned with the accessibility of the population. Moreover, the travels generators poles, including the establishments of the health sector, cause significant impacts on its surroundings and also in the transport systems of the region they live. In general, the public hospitals, mainly in Brazil, aim to attend the portions of the population of low income families that use displacement on foot, by car or public transport. As a result, this study aimed to perform an analysis of levels of accessibility to hospitals such as "Santa Casa", considering mainly the population groups that most need the public health. The proposed method is based on an indicator (time) to measure accessibility to hospitals by different ways: on foot, by car and public transport, making use of geographic information systems. IBGE data were used to estimate the income levels of traffic areas. A survey with users from hospitals located in the cities of Rio Claro and São Carlos was performed to characterize the source and location of the travel. Using the data obtained in both case studies it was found that the population, in most cases, has used the car travel to hospitals. The accessibility by car was high, because even in distant neighborhoods, the travel time was at 15 minutes for both cities. In contrast, traveling on foot had low accessibility in relation to hospitals, mainly in the distant neighborhoods. The analysis done for public transport accessibility shows the minimum value of 30 minutes to Rio Claro and 35 minutes to São Carlos. Analyzing data from the 2000 Census, it is evident that the population with lower monthly household income is concentrated in the suburb areas of the cities. Thus, the distances done every day by the citizens compromise the access to different services available in the cities, as the travel time, or the lack of public transport routes, or lack of conditions of using public transport.
Detecção de contradições em um sistema de aprendizado sem fim
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-29)
Oliverio, Vinicius
;
Hruschka Júnior, Estevam Rafael
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2097340857065853
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3905574883105499
NELL (Never Ending Language Learning) is a system that seeks to learn in an infinite way, extracting structured information from unstructured web pages using the semi-supervised learning paradigm as one of its basic principles. The Read the Web (RTW) project is the project where the NELL system is contained, actually it consists of 5 modules, all of them working independently where one of the modules is called Rule Learner (RL). The RL is responsible for inducing first order rules, which are used by the system to identify patterns in the knowledge generated by the other four components of the system. These rules are induced and then represented in a syntax that has Horn clauses as base. These rules can present contradictions, and in this context this paper proposes investigate, develop and implement methods to detect and solve these contradictions so that the system can learn in a more efficient way
Efeito do laser de baixa intensidade (830nm) associado ao exercício em ratos obesos exógenos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-29)
Aquino Junior, Antonio Eduardo de
;
Bagnato, Vanderlei Salvador
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4947860249518663
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8720193315570177
Obesity is a multifactorial disease that has endogenous and exogenous origin and this includes 95% of all cases. One of the treatments takes into account the negative energy balance, which is the relationship between decreasing consumption and increased caloric expenditure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the systemic effects of low intensity laser associated the moderate exercise of swimming in obesity animals exogenous. Male Wistar rats were randomly distributed in eight groups (N=64). SC (sedentary chow-diet) SCL (sedentary chow-diet laser), EC (exercised chow-diet), ECL (exercised chow-diet laser), SH (sedentary high-fat diet), SHL (sedentary highfat diet laser), EH (exercised high-fat diet) and EHL (exercised high-fat diet laser). The exercise protocol followed parameters of Damaso, 1996. The irradiation parameters was 100mW, 60mW/cm2,and the Treatment time was 47s applied to both hind feet of the animals immediately after the exercise. Significant differences were found in groups with association between laser and exercise, in special the biochemical parameters (total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL) as well as modification of the adipocytes area by morphometric analysis. The advent of new possibilities in the treatment of obesity and associated diseases such as dyslipidemia is crucial upon the pattern of eating behavior that modern society is willing to use. The therapy show to be a possible additional tool in treatment of obesity.