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Estudo dos alcaloides quinolônicos de Waltheria brachypetala Turcz: isolamento, determinação estrutural, biogênese, atividades fungitóxica e anticolinesterase
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-26) Lima, Murilo Marinho de Castro; Silva, Maria Fátima das Graças Fernandes da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0457632122660653; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0473315948052236
Waltheria brachypetala Turcz (Malvaceae) is an endemic medicinal plant from brazilian northeast. This plant is commonly used on folk medicine as antifungal, antiinflamatory and to treatment of bronchitis and central nervous system disturbs. The aim of this work was the investigation of quinolone alkaloids produced by this plant. Through usual chromatographic methods of purification were isolated from hexane and diclorometane phases of roots and bark, nineteen quinolone alkaloids, being ten already reported on literature: antidesmone (1), N-methyl-antidesmone (2), desoxi-antidesmone (3), chamaedrone (4), hyeronimone (5), metil-hyeronimone (6), waltheriones A (7) and B (8), N-methyl-waltherione A (9), 4-O-methyl-waltherione A (10) and nine novel alkaloids: waltheriantidesmone (11), brachytelones A (12), B (13), C (14), D (15), waltheriones C (16) and D (17), N-methyl-waltherione B (18) and 10-hydroxi-waltherione D (19), along with common ciclycpeptides to Hermannieae. Were also isolated twocoumarinolignans cleomicine A (20) and acethylcleomicine A (21) as new to genus Waltheria, and other secondary metabolites common in plants. The hexane and dicloromethane phases of the bark were studied by HPLC-UV-MS/MS to make possible the identification of the probable biogenesis intermediates of the waltheriones: 9,10-epoxy-10-hydroxi-melochinone (22), 13-hydroxi-melochinone (23) e melochinone (24), along with vanessine (25) e waltheriahyeronimone (26), being 26 did not yet report on literature. The isolation of that alkaloids from W. brachypetala confirmes it as potential chemossistematic markers to Hermannieae tribe and it strengthens the hypothesisof chemossystematic to suggest possible evolutive similarity between Hermannieae (Malvaceae) and Antidesmeae (Phyllantaceae), as well as similarity of antidesomne biogenesis pathway with melochinone derivatives biogenesis pathway. The alkaloids11, 12 and 13 represent a new class of aryl-alkyl-quinolone alkaloids that are being reported by first time in this work. The biological potential of W. brachypetalawas evaluated on the inhibition of AChE enzime and fungitoxic assays against the citros phytopatogen Guignardia citricarpa. All quinolone alkaloids tested presented significant activity of inhibition of AChE in vitro detaching the aryl-alkyl-quinolone alkaloids: waltheriantidesmone, brachytelone A e brachytelone B, that inhibits AChE in 93%, 88,04% e 91,05%, respectively, on concentration of 100 μM and with low value of IC50. The alkaloids antidesmone, w-antidesmone, chamaedrone, brachytelone A and brachytelone B, apresentaram excelente fungitoxic activity against G. citricarpa, as much with regard to mycelial growth inhibition as to germination of spores and apressorium formation presenting low value ofIC50. It detaches that the alkaloids brachytelone A and waltheriantidesmone presented more potente than the commercial fungicide carbendazin at concentration of 5 μg/ml, being thus potential candidates to chemical control of the Black Spot of Citros.
Desenvolvimento ágil para groupware na Web 2.0
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-26) Pereira, Vinicius; Prado, Antonio Francisco do; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2668568143800755; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7461408251475978
This project investigated an Agile Development Process for groupware on theWeb 2.0. The process has its based in different technologies, especially those of the Scrum agile method, integrated with functional testing at the acceptance level. To assist this integration, we established a greater intercommunication between the process disciplines, using the User Stories as artifacts in all disciplines. The process aims to take advantage of the agility of the Scrum without losing quality in the development of applications. It was developed based on the Scrum process, with the addition of technologies that support the creation and use of artifacts in the search for integration with functional testing. The process uses three disciplines, each one refining the User Stories, which occur in different degrees of abstraction throughout the development. These stories should be a most faithful portrait possible of user needs and are used both in the form of cards (Story Cards), for requirements specification, and in an executable format to guide the implementation and work as functional testing. Mockups are used to complement the requirements specified in the cards, assisting in the task of representing the requirements. This set is the basis for the creation of User Stories in executable format. Other modeling artifacts, like Class Diagram, can also be specified in order to elicit requirements of the application. The procedure is supported by tools developed to enable the integration of the functional tests. These tools define a tests specification language to write User Stories, created as a DLL for Visual Studio, and a converter of these User Stories for functional testing in C# code. Thus, the proposed process provides a greater integration of tests during the development and execution of each discipline in order to produce higher quality applications. To test the process, applications were developed in the domain of groupware in Web 2.0. The adoption of this area was motivated by the idea of exploring the development of collaborative software that supports group work of people involved in common tasks.