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A diversidade da agricultura familiar e o processo de recampesinização no envolvimento rural de Piedade-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-28)
Nadaleto, Claudio Eduardo Silva
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Beskow, Paulo Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5370208348544496
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0391061558152121
This research has been intended to elucidate the family farming diversity of Piedade, in the State of São Paulo and its ongoing repeasantization process within this wide relevant category in the municipality. The case study was made from a theoretical approach on the rural development and involvement as well as over the family farming. Thus, it was noticed that the farming process and the rural environment of Piedade had already experienced countless situations where they could be fit in the agricultural development, rural development and lastly according to the proposal of this research, rural involvement. This is because it has been observed that some farmer families have become more of peasant families with the various strategies they have undertaken and especially because of this, all their practices have been traversed across by the involvement and dynamism of their performers. Moreover, it has been verified that the repeasantization process gathers the most successful and promising strategies in promoting stability, motivation and autonomy to the local farmer families.
Aspectos canônicos da narrativa transmidiática em Lost
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-28)
Toledo, Glauco Madeira de
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Massarolo, João Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3308336910966465
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3902874128810762
The concept of transmedia storytelling by Henry Jenkins is taken in order to differentiate it from the concept of cross-media, older and worked earlier by several authors. Based on a comparison, it is proposed that the criterion of differentiation is the fact that transmedia storytelling necessarily tells a story and requires a specific type of cohesion of diegetic facts, here called fictional canon. These references are used to analyze an illustrative example: the series LOST (Lost, USA, 2004-2010), created by JJ Abrams, Jeffrey Lieber and Damon Lindelof, and its narrative extensions, since the body of work brings together some pieces that exhibit characteristics of both cross-media and transmedia storytelling, allowing discussion of the criterion of fictional canon. The text discusses the importance of adding the definition of transmedia storytelling the fictional canon variable, to better define the concept and to support future transmedia productions.
Produção e caracterização de filmes finos recobertos com albumina e fibronectina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-28)
Silva, Denise Aparecida Tallarico da
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Nascente, Pedro Augusto de Paula
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1387043320265189
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3702301231393292
Properties related to the increase in the durability of the implants and reliable and faster biological responses are commonly exploited in different areas of scientific research. The physical and chemical phenomena that occur on the surface of the bone/implant interface determine the biological responses following the implantation of biomaterials and therefore are critical to the effectiveness of the process of osseointegration. This work involved the growth and characterization of nanostructured thin films produced by sputtering of TiO2, ZrO2, Nb2O5, and Zr/Ti/Nb on Si(111) and stainless steel substrates, and their subsequent coating with proteins (bovine serum albumin - BSA and fibronectin - Fn). The characterization techniques employed were: X-ray-photoelectron spectroscopy - XPS, atomic force microscopy AFM, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry - ToF-SIMS, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy - EDS, and nanoindentation. All films showed low surface roughness, nanostructured s grains, and low elastic moduli. The protein adsorption analysis demonstrated that the Zr/Ti/Nb film deposited onto steel and heat-treated had the highest affinity for albumin and that TiO2 film had the highest affinity for fibronectin. All films demonstrated to be suitable for use as protective coating for metallic orthopedic implants
Treino de ouvinte e a relação entre tatos e mandos como protocolo experimental para a aquisição de regras simples
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-28)
Gamba, Jonas Fernandes
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Goyos, Antônio Celso de Noronha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3407008711535651
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2272473540657147
The analysis of the relation between listener and speaker repertoires has contributed to the comprehension about the processes involved in the acquisition of complex verbal skills. The study of rule-governed behavior is part of these efforts. Further, it has been hypothesized that the transformation effect of verbal rules is dependent on the existing bidirectional relations between words and objects specified in the rule. The present study aimed to analyze how the relation between listener training and the emergence of tacts and mands may be understood as a basis to interpret simple occurrences of rule-construction and rule-following repertoires during acquisition. The basic procedure involved teaching motor signs for known and unknown items through MTS tasks in a specific context (listener training), and testing for the emergence of mands and tacts and the rule-following and rule-construction behavior that required the use of this information in a different context. Participants learned to respond to new signs by selecting the appropriate visual stimuli (pictures of containers, tools, and unfamiliar stimuli). Tacts were tested asking the participant to signalize in the presence of the pictures. On the other hand, mands were tested in a context where the participants were required to signalize the missed tools necessary to use specific containers. Then, 3 unfamiliar stimuli were used to substitute 3 of the stimuli used in the original training. The final tests consisted of to assess if the information learned during the original training could be transfer to the unfamiliar stimuli. Results pointed out to the emergence of tacsts and mands after listener training for most of the participants. However, the transformation effect of verbal rules using unfamiliar stimuli seemed to be related with the existence of bidirectional relations between the signs and objects specified in the rule.
Monitoramento genético da população Ex Situ da jacutinga (Aburria jacutinga, Aves, Cracidae) como subsídio para a conservação da espécie
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-28)
Oliveira Junior, Paulo Roberto Ramos de
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Francisco, Mercival Roberto
;
Silveira, Luis Fábio
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Piratelli, Augusto João
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/4747322084219058
Several critically endangered species and subspecies have been saved from extinction in recent years by Ex Situ conservation strategies. However, captive populations are generally small and exposed to the effects of genetic drift, inbreeding and founder effects. Thus, a major challenge for long-term reproduction of these animals is to reduce the loss of heterozygosity and of allelic diversity. The genetic management can guide the matings to maintain the genetic variation as high as possible in the population. It can be achieved by calculating the genetic distance between the specimens, which is performed using molecular biology techniques. The Black-fronted Piping-Guan, Aburria jacutinga (Aves, Cracidae), is an endemic bird of the Atlantic Forest that is threatened of extinction due to the drastic destruction of this biome and the heavy hunting pressure. Among the suggested conservation actions for this species are the development of an Ex Situ conservation program with the goal of making reintroductions in areas where it has become extinct, as well as the maintenance of these captivity stocks controlled by a studbook. Here we have genotyped and analyzed 146 individuals from the five main breeding facilities. The results demonstrated five genetically differentiated populations of Black-fronted Piping-Guan, but their levels of genetic variability were very similar. However when these levels are compared with other species, the data suggest that the genetic variation is lower than desirable to reach the objectives proposed by the Ex Situ conservation programs. Pairing tables and genetic rankings were constructed and indicated kinship and levels of genetic variability of each bird. It was possible to identify the best pairs to be mated and individuals that were adequate for reintroductions.
Quantificação de carbono sequestrado em sistema de cultivo da cana-de-açúcar em aleias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-28)
Silva, Marco Rogerio Gomes da
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Margarido, Luiz Antonio Correia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5685663057214334
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2971221305276430
The present work aims to analyze the system of alleys, planting trees in rows associated with a commercial crop, in this case sugar cane, with three species of plants with timber characteristic, fertilize and fixative, making nutrient cycling, reducing the monoculture effects, with ecological and environmental gains. This technique will allow the increase of profits per hectare by fixing carbon during the growth period of these trees, besides the sale of wood production and promote the environmental sustainability of sugar cane. The physical parameters used to evaluate were monthly measurements during the first 2 years of experiment established, base diameter and the first branch plus the height of the stem of each plant, to thereby obtain the volume of each plant, to quantify the fixed carbon by non-destructive method. The results showed that the Guapuruvu capture media 685 g / plant of carbon, representing more 1.8 times than Cedar (381 g / plant) and 4.75 times more than Ipê (144 g / plant) in the same period. The Guapuruvu showed a yield higher than the Cedar and Ipe Yellow, both in tree growth and carbon fixation in evaluate period. The Arboreal species did not affect the development of the culture of sugar cane in the bands 30 and 45 meters of cultivation, only in 60 meters there was interference.
Acessibilidade a hospitais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-28)
Garcia, Patrícia Baldini de Medeiros
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Raia Junior, Archimedes Azevedo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6413793013018019
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1509105994022410
Developments in the health sector, especially those placed in public care are fundamental to the care of the entire population of a city and region. The location of health projects such as "Santa Casa" was made since many decades ago, or even the latest developments seem not to have been concerned with the accessibility of the population. Moreover, the travels generators poles, including the establishments of the health sector, cause significant impacts on its surroundings and also in the transport systems of the region they live. In general, the public hospitals, mainly in Brazil, aim to attend the portions of the population of low income families that use displacement on foot, by car or public transport. As a result, this study aimed to perform an analysis of levels of accessibility to hospitals such as "Santa Casa", considering mainly the population groups that most need the public health. The proposed method is based on an indicator (time) to measure accessibility to hospitals by different ways: on foot, by car and public transport, making use of geographic information systems. IBGE data were used to estimate the income levels of traffic areas. A survey with users from hospitals located in the cities of Rio Claro and São Carlos was performed to characterize the source and location of the travel. Using the data obtained in both case studies it was found that the population, in most cases, has used the car travel to hospitals. The accessibility by car was high, because even in distant neighborhoods, the travel time was at 15 minutes for both cities. In contrast, traveling on foot had low accessibility in relation to hospitals, mainly in the distant neighborhoods. The analysis done for public transport accessibility shows the minimum value of 30 minutes to Rio Claro and 35 minutes to São Carlos. Analyzing data from the 2000 Census, it is evident that the population with lower monthly household income is concentrated in the suburb areas of the cities. Thus, the distances done every day by the citizens compromise the access to different services available in the cities, as the travel time, or the lack of public transport routes, or lack of conditions of using public transport.
Detecção de contradições em um sistema de aprendizado sem fim
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-29)
Oliverio, Vinicius
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Hruschka Júnior, Estevam Rafael
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2097340857065853
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3905574883105499
NELL (Never Ending Language Learning) is a system that seeks to learn in an infinite way, extracting structured information from unstructured web pages using the semi-supervised learning paradigm as one of its basic principles. The Read the Web (RTW) project is the project where the NELL system is contained, actually it consists of 5 modules, all of them working independently where one of the modules is called Rule Learner (RL). The RL is responsible for inducing first order rules, which are used by the system to identify patterns in the knowledge generated by the other four components of the system. These rules are induced and then represented in a syntax that has Horn clauses as base. These rules can present contradictions, and in this context this paper proposes investigate, develop and implement methods to detect and solve these contradictions so that the system can learn in a more efficient way
Efeito do laser de baixa intensidade (830nm) associado ao exercício em ratos obesos exógenos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-29)
Aquino Junior, Antonio Eduardo de
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Bagnato, Vanderlei Salvador
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4947860249518663
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8720193315570177
Obesity is a multifactorial disease that has endogenous and exogenous origin and this includes 95% of all cases. One of the treatments takes into account the negative energy balance, which is the relationship between decreasing consumption and increased caloric expenditure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the systemic effects of low intensity laser associated the moderate exercise of swimming in obesity animals exogenous. Male Wistar rats were randomly distributed in eight groups (N=64). SC (sedentary chow-diet) SCL (sedentary chow-diet laser), EC (exercised chow-diet), ECL (exercised chow-diet laser), SH (sedentary high-fat diet), SHL (sedentary highfat diet laser), EH (exercised high-fat diet) and EHL (exercised high-fat diet laser). The exercise protocol followed parameters of Damaso, 1996. The irradiation parameters was 100mW, 60mW/cm2,and the Treatment time was 47s applied to both hind feet of the animals immediately after the exercise. Significant differences were found in groups with association between laser and exercise, in special the biochemical parameters (total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL) as well as modification of the adipocytes area by morphometric analysis. The advent of new possibilities in the treatment of obesity and associated diseases such as dyslipidemia is crucial upon the pattern of eating behavior that modern society is willing to use. The therapy show to be a possible additional tool in treatment of obesity.
Avaliação da qualidade microbiológica, físico-química e sensorial do caldo de cana-de-açúcar cultivada sob manejo orgânico e convencional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-29)
Rocha, Gisele Franco
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Ceccato-Antonini, Sandra Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7600793543184032
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9406641732492317
The composition of the sugar cane juice depends on several factors, since those related inherently to the raw material or involving climate and cultural conditions. This work aimed to evaluate the influence of the conventional and organic managements of the sugar cane over the microbiological, physico-chemical and sensorial quality of the juice aiming its utilization as a beverage along two sampling periods (successive crops). Microbiological analysis of total coliforms and E. coli, aerobic mesophilic bacteria, molds and yeasts and Salmonella; physico-chemical as Pol, soluble solids, purity, pH, acidity, ash, reducing sugars, aminoacids, phenolic compounds, phosphorus, calcium, potassium and magnesium; and sensorial comparison by ordination (color and flavor) and preference tests of the juice samples were evaluated. The results of microbiological, physico-chemical and sensorial analysis did not show remarkable differences among the treatments regarding the sugar cane management, however, significant differences were observed for some parameters between the samples in successive years. The sugar cane management had no influence over the juice quality, verifying that the differences observed between the samples were probably due to the fact that the first sample (in August 2010) constitutes the first sugar cane harvest after the experiment was established (in April 2009). In the following harvest some parameters, as soluble solids, pol, purity, total reducing sugar, phosphorus, potassium and magnesium, showed significant increase in the values, indicating greater sugar cane maturity, regardless the management. The organic sugar cane juice presented satisfactory conditions, with similar quality comparing to the juice from sugar cane under conventional management. This enables the safe commercialization of this product as a beverage besides its utilization as raw material for several organic products. This is an advantageous alternative for the use of sugar cane for smallholders.
Uso e seleção de hábitat de nidificação e identificação dos fatores de influência no sucesso dos ninhos de Elaenia chiriquensis (Aves: Tyrannidae) em área de Cerrado na Estação Ecológica de Itirapina, região central do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-29)
Silva, Marina Telles Marques da
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Dias Filho, Manoel Martins
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1346547036069954
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2367210098426552
Nesting is a critical step on bird s life cycle, since nest predation is high all over the world. Predation influences the population dynamics, the community structure and the life history of birds. Birds evolved anti-predatory strategies, which include selection of safer places for nesting. Here we intent to: (i) analyze habitat characteristics selected by adults, and (ii) evaluate the influence of these elements on nests success, and fitness consequences to individuals. We studied the Lesser Elaenia (Elaenia chiriquensis), a migratory bird that breeds in Brazilian Savannas. We conducted the study between 2010 e 2011 in a 100 ha area in the Estação Ecológica de Itirapina, a protected area in São Paulo state, were the Lesser Elaenia is abundant along its breeding season (September to December). We analyzed habitat selection comparing characteristics of used and available patches. We made all tests using chi-square tests, analysis of variance, paired t-tests and permutation tests. We used program MARK to evaluate the influence of all of the parameters on nests success. We created a set of models that included temporal and a set of environmental parameters and used Akaike s Information Criterion to evaluate the adjustment of each model to our data. Adults apparently selected anemochoric plants, with larger crowns and more lichen flakes on stalks, but did not show preference for specific plant species. Individuals also preferred patches with high plant density and high density of Aspidosperma tomentosum, the most used plant as nest substrate. Contrary of our expectations, none of these characteristics influenced nests success. However, some parameters not evaluated for selection, influenced the offspring survival. Vegetation density on nest sites was the most important variable, probably because it helps concealing nests and parental activities. Nest age and time along the breeding season were also important elements and both reduced nests success. Nest predation, habitat selection, and their consequences to the fitness are complex and are related to many variables. The present study contributed with the knowledge on this subject in tropical areas.
Síntese e investigações estruturais de arranjos supramoleculares formados por metaloporfirinas e metaloftalocianinas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-29)
Melo, Cristiane Cabral de
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Moreira, Wania da Conceição
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3016270106775634
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8702045345660264
This thesis involves the syntheses and characterization of four heterotriads formed by metallotetraphenylporphyrins (CoTPP and NiTPP) and metallophthalocyanines (CoPc and NiPc) using pyrazine (pz) and trans-1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene (bpe) as spacer ligands. The following sequences: NiPc(pz)CoTPP(pz)NiPc, NiTPP(pz)CoPc(pz)NiTPP, NiTPP(bpe)CoPc(bpe)NiTPP and CoTPP(bpe)CoPc(bpe)CoTPP were investigated. All triads were analyzed by infrared and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and some of them were characterized by elemental analysis, termogravimetry and differential thermal analysis. The infrared and electronic spectra of the triads showed characteristic absorption bands of the two macrocycles. The elemental data are in a good agreement with the proposed stoichiometry of these arrays. The triad NiTPP(pz)CoPc(pz)NiTPP had its stoichiometry confirmed via thermogravimetry and elemental analysis. Besides these results, this thesis also reports the crystal structure of a new pseudopolymorph of cobalt tetraphenylporphyrin (CoTPP) obtained by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. This non-stoichiometric solvate crystallized in the space group Pī with unit cell parameters distinct from the non-solvated CoTPP, which in general, like others metallotetraphenylporphyrins, tends to crystallize in the tetragonal space group I42d. The triclinic and tetragonal forms differ with respect to the conformation adopted by the macrocycle and also in the phenyl orientation. Crystal packing analysis of this pseudopolymorph revealed the presence of infinite channels along the a axis that are filled by dichloromethane solvent molecules, which represents therefore the first clathrate of CoTPP reported in the literature.
Entre diversidade e diferença: o programa de Ações Afirmativas da UFSCar e as vivências dos estudantes indígenas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-29)
Jodas, Juliana
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Silvério, Valter Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4734938761507774
This search staring of educational policies for higher education for the indigenous population from the Brazilian Federal Constitution of 1988, that, at least in law, obtained their rights guaranteed and their ethnic differences recognized. Since then two actions were created in this context: the course of Intercultural Degree and the Affirmative Action Program. The focus of this research is in the Affirmative Action policies for indians, understood as a set of measures of unequal access to basic goods such as education and employment for historically subordinate groups, and specially, the case of the Universidade Federal de São Carlos. This study analyzed the urgency context of Affirmative Action in Brazil and its deployment in the process of institutionalization of UFSCar, and particularly, how the indigenous students experience this recent experience. For this, this work includes a literature review and document analysis to characterize the Affirmative Action of UFSCar and understand how in its perspective, diversity or difference, the program has been constituted. We also interviews with indian students to understand their perception of the policy, their experiences, and in particular, will be discussed how their differences, subjectivities and/or identities are (or not) marked and recognized at this institutional space.
Pó de rocha como fonte de nutrientes no contexto da agroecologia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-29)
Brandão, Juliana Andréia Vrba
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Assad, Maria Leonor Ribeiro Casimiro Lopes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0379324550884468
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5794553970687605
The aim of the search was evaluate alternatives to accelerate the solubilization of minerals contained in rock powder. In the first experiment, presented in Chapter 2, the objective was to evaluate the effect of the fungus Aspergillus niger strain CCT4355 and vinasse in the solubilization of minerals contained in the basalt powder. The experiment in vitro consisted in the treatments: vinasse + A. niger (VF), rock powder + vinasse (PV) and rock powder + vinasse + A. niger (PVF). The basalt powder used had grains smaller than 0.053 mm. In PV the solubilization of calcium, magnesium, potassium, zinc and copper was greater than PVF, demonstrating the potential of vinasse as solubilizing agent. It concludes that mixtures of vinasse and rock powder have significant potential for production of low cost biofertilizer. In the second experiment, presented in chapter 3, the objective was to evaluate the effect of A. niger in the release of nutrients from the powder of basalt and phonolite in vitro dissolution tests. The treatments were: powder of phonolite + medium (FM), powder of phonolite + medium + fungus (FMA), powder of basalt + medium (DM), powder of basalt + medium + fungus (DMA) and fungus + medium (MA). It was observed that A. niger was able to produce organic acids which solubilized the rock powders and interacted in different ways with the nutrients. It is concluded that the strain CCT4355 of A. niger has potential as a solubilizing agent of silicate rock powder. The chapter 4 presents the results obtained with mixtures of vermicompost and basalt powder, and the two objectives were: i) determine the availability of nutrients in bioproduct resulted of vermicompost, prepared with viii the addition of powder of basalt, and ii) evaluate the effect of rock powder, with and without vermicomposting, in short cycle culture, using Italian zucchini (Cucurbita pepo) as a indicator plant. The application of basalt powder in the vermicompost layers provided the pH raising of the product obtained at the end of 55 incubation days, but the vermicomposting was not able to provide nutrients presents in the basalt powder. The application of vermicompost, with and without addition of rock powder, had an effect statistically similar to conventional fertilization, confirming the importance of vermicomposting in production system with restricted access to industrialized products. It is concluded that vermicomposting did not increase the release of nutrients contained in the basalt powder when prepared and applied in a Italian zucchini. It is hoped that this research contributes to a better understanding of stonemeal as an alternative practice for soil fertilization.
Análise do sistema de produção e da sustentabilidade de propriedades familiares orgânicas no município de Rio Claro (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-29)
Silva, Rafaela Aparecida da
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Pimentel, Andréa Eloisa Bueno
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1686724434796582
The purpose of this dissertation is to analyze the production systems and the economical, socio-political and environmental sustainability level of organic family farms in the municipality of Rio Claro, SP, Brazil. It is assumed that organic farming is considered environmentally sustainable insofar as, among other factors, organic fertilizers and not synthetic pesticides are used. It is considered economically sustainable when it is able to reproduce itself; and socio-politically sustainable when it seeks to change the attitudes and values of the people involved. Besides secondary data gathered about the municipality, the identification of the farmers was carried out through researches done at public institutions related to the rural area, contacts made with other researchers, meetings of the municipality Family Farmers Association and conversations with the farmers. A prior conversation was held with the farmers in order to identify the characteristics related to their profiles, which are better detailed with the semi-structured interview. The research involved seven farmers and, based on the interviews, 18 economical, 20 socio-political and 34 environmental sustainability indicators were established. The main aspects observed were the strict relationship with the X Company and the positive and negative impacts it caused, in addition to the heterogeneity existing among the family about different aspects; however, there are similarities between the problems they face, such as the distance from the public institutions, as well as shortage of labor force. Growing vegetables is the principal commercial activity of these families. As for the indicators, the farmers showed a great interest both in the economical aspects and in the approach to soil fertility and management. These elaborate indicators interact among themselves, making it possible to systematically evaluate and analyze the data. In general terms, the families do not show sustainable properties. Nevertheless, families A and C showed better results related to this ideal, in comparison with the others.
Políticas públicas de economia solidária no município de São Carlos-SP, de 2001 a 2011
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-29)
Meireles, Eduardo
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Silva, Ricardo Siloto da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5346985934880710
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1856762188427793
The solidarity economy is born in Brazil in the late 80's and early 90's historical struggles of social movements as well as municipal administrations initiatives against unemployment and poverty, compounded on the axis of the work to include persons historically excluded by the hegemony capitalist economic. It comes as an alternative income generation and economic and social inclusion. For this reason, and given the importance of this issue from the standpoint of economic and social, many municipalities have invested in developing initiatives to promote the solidarity economy, these initiatives vary according to locality and region and can range from simple actions public policies, since this work was. Objective: to present to the public policies that promote the social economy of São Carlos-SP, key actions and actors, as well as understand their construction and analyze the actual content of that policy, ie, programs, policies, structures and support to public enterprises solidarity economy. Method: case study, after the fact in a descriptive and explanatory, the strategy chosen when examining contemporary events, analyzes were made through documentation that has been the major source of evidence. Results: We identified in the municipality of San Carlos over the 10 years of activities related to social economy, a series of initiatives, these initiatives have occurred several actors for the purpose of promoting the solidarity economy, generating jobs and income and local development, these actors over the period channeled their actions to strengthen the theme in the city through meetings, forums and discussion spaces, yet they enable the institutionalization of this policy, which announced by the municipal government since 2001, included the solidarity economy in the public structure of municipal government , establishing a budget, as well as a legal and public spaces to establish partnerships marketing and development, which has made today the city is recognized for its activities and policies to promote the solidarity economy. Conclusion: it is necessary to further a series of actions in order to perpetuate, strengthen and expand the social economy initiatives in the city, given that they are still far from the desired character of transversality and announced by the municipal government, but what is fact is that initiatives to promote the solidarity economy are part of a program of government that has implemented policies of economic solidarity in the city in recent years, trying to generate work and income and local development, social inclusion and productive through the logic of solidarity and cooperation.
Modelos e taxas de atração de viagens para PGVs - Hospitais públicos localizados em cidades de médio porte do interior do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-29)
Gontijo, Geisa Aparecida da Silva
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Raia Junior, Archimedes Azevedo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6413793013018019
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1714527302163378
This work aims to present trip attraction models and rates to public hospitals located in mediumsized cities in the interior of the state of São Paulo Brazil. The hospitals cause significant impacts in the local traffic and because of that they can be characterized as Potential Trip Generation Centers. In this sense, this research presents rates and models that allow us to analyze the possible impacts related to trips attracted by new hospitals. In the development of the proposed models and rates, it was performed a research in seven Santas Casas de Misericórdia hospitals in seven medium-sized cities: São Carlos, Marília, Sertãozinho, Rio Claro, Jaú, Mogi- Guaçú and Araras. The data of the first five cases were used in the development of the trip attraction models and rates, while the last two ones were used to validate the developed models. In these hospitals were performed traffic counting of pedestrians, private vehicles, buses, motorcycles and bicycles, and also interviews with the users. Through the developed analysis were elaborated models of simple regression, multiple regressions, simple regression by trip objective and mode of transport and multiple regressions with dummy variables. Some of the models developed were validated by data collected and thus they were considered more reliable to be used in Brazilian hospitals than models of the Institute of Transportation Engineers-ITE. To complement this study, it was performed a doctoral internship in Madrid, Spain in 2011 where specific models were developed with data from four public hospitals of that city. Through the application of the elaborate models and the models of ITE, it was found that the models developed for Madrid are also more suitable to estimate the travels to Spanish hospitals than the models of the ITE. Thus, this study found that for Brazilian cities, where the second mode of transportation is the bus, and for the Spanish city where the second mode of transportation is the subway, the ITE models, that consider only travels by car, may not be sufficient to estimate the travels.
Expressão recombinante e caracterização de uma endoxilanase não descrita de Trichoderma harzianum
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-29)
Generoso, Wesley Cardoso
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Silva, Flávio Henrique da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1757309852446263
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0538013870555370
The use of alternative and renewable fuels is vital to solve the problems derived from the dependence of fuels, and the vegetal biomass is the only renewable source available in large scale that can be converted in energy. The bioethanol production has demonstrated a huge potential to minimize the environmental changes resultant from fossil fuels consumption. Nevertheless, the production costs of cellulolytic complexes lays out one of the major obstacle of the economical viability of the second generation ethanol. Therefore, the bioprospection and the understanding of enzymes involved in the process can improve the complexes productivity. Xylanases are enzymes used in several biotechnological processes, primordially for biopulping and biobleaching in papel industries. However, current surveys have investigated these enzymes due to an accessory role for bioethanol production. In this study, an endoxylanase (xyn3) gene from Trichoderma harzianum was cloned into Pichia pastoris. The constitutive vector pGAPZαA was used, changing the α-factor by the native signal peptide of the enzyme, and with a 6xHisTag at C-terminus. The recombinant protein were expressed in two majority forms, one with a molecular mass of 35 kDa (non-glycosylated) and the other with 60 kDa (glycosylated). Both forms showed xylanolytic activity in zymogram and were biochemically analyzed. The enzymes present optimal temperature of 40°C and pH 6.5, and stable activity until 30°C. The glycosylation plays important role in the enzymatic kinects of the recombinant enzyme, showing a catalytic efficiency twice higher of glycosylated form, in comparison with the activity of the non-glycosylated form. Even in this study, the effects of cellulose and xylan on the regulation of expression of the xyn2, xyn3 and egl3 genes were investigated to T. harzianum. All studied genes were overexpressed under all induction conditions and the results indicate a higher and earlier expression of these genes in fungus induction using a mixture of cellulose and xylan. Furthermore, an advance in the period of induction was observed while the fungus was cultivated with steam explosed bagasse supplemented with endoxylanase 3, when compared with the pure bagasse utilization. These findings enhance the vii understanding of enzymatic mode of action involved in deconstruction of plant cellular wall, whick can be used in the second generation ethanol production.
Ensino fundamental de nove anos: a docência em escolas da rede municipal de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-30)
Moraes, Alessandra Cardoso de
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Oliveira, Rosa Maria Moraes Anunciato de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3064136997342775
The research deals with the learning processes and the professional development of coordinators and teachers who work in the first year of elementary school considering the expansion of basic education to nine years. The admission of six year old children in compulsory education possibly involves changes in the organization of the pedagogical work developed in the classroom by teachers, as well as some adjustment in the curriculum to meet the specific needs of the newly arriving six year olds. It also requires continued learning programs for teachers, administrators and all other education professionals, which should be guaranteed by the school system. The changes required for the expansion of basic education to nine years as well as for the admission of six year olds at this stage can lead to destabilization, uncertainty and the search for new knowledge about the specific nature, characteristics and needs of six year olds. Thus, this research seeks to understand the ways in which teachers of the first year of elementary school in the Municipality of São Carlos design, develop and implement the policy of extending compulsory education, considering its demands and direct influence on the school and its students. It is important to point out that some aspects of the study are related to what the educational literature says about the learning processes and the professional development of teachers, as well as to what it refers to the expansion of basic education to nine years and the curricular reforms proposed for the first year of basic education. Document analysis, questionnaires and interviews were used for data collection, aiming to understand the conception of the teachers participating in the study about their experiences: the policy in place, participation in continued education programs, the contents to be taught, the encountered difficulties and other aspects that directly influence their perspective on teaching in the first year of basic education. From the analyzed data it is possible to note that this reform involves aspects beyond the implementation of the last policy or guideline adopted by MEC (Ministry of Education), considering a necessary change in both classroom and school cultures. Fear, insecurity and apprehension stemming from the initial expectations of working with six year old children may be justified by the fact that the concept of change is directly associated with rethinking, (re) configuring, (re) organizing the teacher know-how. In this perspective, collective actions aiming to overcome the practical problems encountered in teacher know-how are noteworthy, given that the meaning of change is tied to what those involved can come to understand about what must change and how to do it.
Papéis ocupacionais e pessoas com deficiências físicas: independência, tecnologia assistiva e poder aquisitivo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-07-02)
Cruz, Daniel Marinho Cezar da
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Emmel, Maria Luisa Guillaumon
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7350460642976728
The aim was to investigate if there is association between occupational roles, independence, purchasing power, age, time of disability and technology in the lives of people with physical disabilities living in the city of São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil. For this, we attempted to compare if there was a variation in the number of occupational roles in the three times (past/present/future), according to gender and among two groups (adults and elderly), to describe the performance patterns of occupational roles (absence, continuum, loss, gain); identify which are assistive technology resources that these individuals have and how did the acquisition of these technologies, usability and abandonment; identify the knowledge about the subject of granting policies of technologies. From a cross-sectional research, with a convenience sample, we selected 91 subjects, aged from 18 to 93 years, enrolled in Family Health Care Units, with some physical disability. The sample was divided in two groups: adults (n = 34) and elderly (n = 57) to compare the results between them. The instruments of data collection were the Role Checklist, the Modified Barthel Index, the Brazil Economic Classification Criterion and a form developed by the researcher. For data analysis we used a quantitative approach composed by descriptive analysis, ANOVA with repeated measures and Correspondence Analysis. As an outcomes, we found that the participants showed a considerable repertoire of technologies, mostly acquired with their own funds or donations. Much of these technologies could be granted by the grant program of the Federal Government, however, the list of technologies identified in this study suggests that these individuals also make use, as well as other technologies require not covered by the grant program. It was observed a trend toward reliance on subject, and this trend follows a higher order of dependence to total independence. For assistive technology, it was observed that the classes with smaller number of technology classes were related to independent and in greater numbers, with some dependency classes. With regard to the purchasing power it was noted that the classes C1 and D were more associated with less dependence, since the classes B1, B2 and C2 to a moderate dependence and class A2, besides with low frequency and little explanation, coupled with a reliance on more high. It should be noted that although the technology was not directly associated with the independence, the latter was associated with a greater number of occupational roles, which requires a look at the issues of independence, when considering the typology of occupational roles and how this independence moves between roles in the daily life of these participants. From the data obtained, some implications are done in order to increase actions developed in the health care of people with disabilities and the improvement of public policies for this population.