Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2012-06-29"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 18793

Detecção de contradições em um sistema de aprendizado sem fim
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-29)
Oliverio, Vinicius
;
Hruschka Júnior, Estevam Rafael
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2097340857065853
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3905574883105499
NELL (Never Ending Language Learning) is a system that seeks to learn in an infinite way, extracting structured information from unstructured web pages using the semi-supervised learning paradigm as one of its basic principles. The Read the Web (RTW) project is the project where the NELL system is contained, actually it consists of 5 modules, all of them working independently where one of the modules is called Rule Learner (RL). The RL is responsible for inducing first order rules, which are used by the system to identify patterns in the knowledge generated by the other four components of the system. These rules are induced and then represented in a syntax that has Horn clauses as base. These rules can present contradictions, and in this context this paper proposes investigate, develop and implement methods to detect and solve these contradictions so that the system can learn in a more efficient way
Efeito do laser de baixa intensidade (830nm) associado ao exercício em ratos obesos exógenos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-29)
Aquino Junior, Antonio Eduardo de
;
Bagnato, Vanderlei Salvador
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4947860249518663
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8720193315570177
Obesity is a multifactorial disease that has endogenous and exogenous origin and this includes 95% of all cases. One of the treatments takes into account the negative energy balance, which is the relationship between decreasing consumption and increased caloric expenditure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the systemic effects of low intensity laser associated the moderate exercise of swimming in obesity animals exogenous. Male Wistar rats were randomly distributed in eight groups (N=64). SC (sedentary chow-diet) SCL (sedentary chow-diet laser), EC (exercised chow-diet), ECL (exercised chow-diet laser), SH (sedentary high-fat diet), SHL (sedentary highfat diet laser), EH (exercised high-fat diet) and EHL (exercised high-fat diet laser). The exercise protocol followed parameters of Damaso, 1996. The irradiation parameters was 100mW, 60mW/cm2,and the Treatment time was 47s applied to both hind feet of the animals immediately after the exercise. Significant differences were found in groups with association between laser and exercise, in special the biochemical parameters (total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL) as well as modification of the adipocytes area by morphometric analysis. The advent of new possibilities in the treatment of obesity and associated diseases such as dyslipidemia is crucial upon the pattern of eating behavior that modern society is willing to use. The therapy show to be a possible additional tool in treatment of obesity.
Avaliação da qualidade microbiológica, físico-química e sensorial do caldo de cana-de-açúcar cultivada sob manejo orgânico e convencional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-29)
Rocha, Gisele Franco
;
Ceccato-Antonini, Sandra Regina
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7600793543184032
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9406641732492317
The composition of the sugar cane juice depends on several factors, since those related inherently to the raw material or involving climate and cultural conditions. This work aimed to evaluate the influence of the conventional and organic managements of the sugar cane over the microbiological, physico-chemical and sensorial quality of the juice aiming its utilization as a beverage along two sampling periods (successive crops). Microbiological analysis of total coliforms and E. coli, aerobic mesophilic bacteria, molds and yeasts and Salmonella; physico-chemical as Pol, soluble solids, purity, pH, acidity, ash, reducing sugars, aminoacids, phenolic compounds, phosphorus, calcium, potassium and magnesium; and sensorial comparison by ordination (color and flavor) and preference tests of the juice samples were evaluated. The results of microbiological, physico-chemical and sensorial analysis did not show remarkable differences among the treatments regarding the sugar cane management, however, significant differences were observed for some parameters between the samples in successive years. The sugar cane management had no influence over the juice quality, verifying that the differences observed between the samples were probably due to the fact that the first sample (in August 2010) constitutes the first sugar cane harvest after the experiment was established (in April 2009). In the following harvest some parameters, as soluble solids, pol, purity, total reducing sugar, phosphorus, potassium and magnesium, showed significant increase in the values, indicating greater sugar cane maturity, regardless the management. The organic sugar cane juice presented satisfactory conditions, with similar quality comparing to the juice from sugar cane under conventional management. This enables the safe commercialization of this product as a beverage besides its utilization as raw material for several organic products. This is an advantageous alternative for the use of sugar cane for smallholders.
Uso e seleção de hábitat de nidificação e identificação dos fatores de influência no sucesso dos ninhos de Elaenia chiriquensis (Aves: Tyrannidae) em área de Cerrado na Estação Ecológica de Itirapina, região central do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-29)
Silva, Marina Telles Marques da
;
Dias Filho, Manoel Martins
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1346547036069954
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2367210098426552
Nesting is a critical step on bird s life cycle, since nest predation is high all over the world. Predation influences the population dynamics, the community structure and the life history of birds. Birds evolved anti-predatory strategies, which include selection of safer places for nesting. Here we intent to: (i) analyze habitat characteristics selected by adults, and (ii) evaluate the influence of these elements on nests success, and fitness consequences to individuals. We studied the Lesser Elaenia (Elaenia chiriquensis), a migratory bird that breeds in Brazilian Savannas. We conducted the study between 2010 e 2011 in a 100 ha area in the Estação Ecológica de Itirapina, a protected area in São Paulo state, were the Lesser Elaenia is abundant along its breeding season (September to December). We analyzed habitat selection comparing characteristics of used and available patches. We made all tests using chi-square tests, analysis of variance, paired t-tests and permutation tests. We used program MARK to evaluate the influence of all of the parameters on nests success. We created a set of models that included temporal and a set of environmental parameters and used Akaike s Information Criterion to evaluate the adjustment of each model to our data. Adults apparently selected anemochoric plants, with larger crowns and more lichen flakes on stalks, but did not show preference for specific plant species. Individuals also preferred patches with high plant density and high density of Aspidosperma tomentosum, the most used plant as nest substrate. Contrary of our expectations, none of these characteristics influenced nests success. However, some parameters not evaluated for selection, influenced the offspring survival. Vegetation density on nest sites was the most important variable, probably because it helps concealing nests and parental activities. Nest age and time along the breeding season were also important elements and both reduced nests success. Nest predation, habitat selection, and their consequences to the fitness are complex and are related to many variables. The present study contributed with the knowledge on this subject in tropical areas.
Síntese e investigações estruturais de arranjos supramoleculares formados por metaloporfirinas e metaloftalocianinas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-29)
Melo, Cristiane Cabral de
;
Moreira, Wania da Conceição
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3016270106775634
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8702045345660264
This thesis involves the syntheses and characterization of four heterotriads formed by metallotetraphenylporphyrins (CoTPP and NiTPP) and metallophthalocyanines (CoPc and NiPc) using pyrazine (pz) and trans-1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene (bpe) as spacer ligands. The following sequences: NiPc(pz)CoTPP(pz)NiPc, NiTPP(pz)CoPc(pz)NiTPP, NiTPP(bpe)CoPc(bpe)NiTPP and CoTPP(bpe)CoPc(bpe)CoTPP were investigated. All triads were analyzed by infrared and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and some of them were characterized by elemental analysis, termogravimetry and differential thermal analysis. The infrared and electronic spectra of the triads showed characteristic absorption bands of the two macrocycles. The elemental data are in a good agreement with the proposed stoichiometry of these arrays. The triad NiTPP(pz)CoPc(pz)NiTPP had its stoichiometry confirmed via thermogravimetry and elemental analysis. Besides these results, this thesis also reports the crystal structure of a new pseudopolymorph of cobalt tetraphenylporphyrin (CoTPP) obtained by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. This non-stoichiometric solvate crystallized in the space group Pī with unit cell parameters distinct from the non-solvated CoTPP, which in general, like others metallotetraphenylporphyrins, tends to crystallize in the tetragonal space group I42d. The triclinic and tetragonal forms differ with respect to the conformation adopted by the macrocycle and also in the phenyl orientation. Crystal packing analysis of this pseudopolymorph revealed the presence of infinite channels along the a axis that are filled by dichloromethane solvent molecules, which represents therefore the first clathrate of CoTPP reported in the literature.
Entre diversidade e diferença: o programa de Ações Afirmativas da UFSCar e as vivências dos estudantes indígenas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-29)
Jodas, Juliana
;
Silvério, Valter Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4734938761507774
This search staring of educational policies for higher education for the indigenous population from the Brazilian Federal Constitution of 1988, that, at least in law, obtained their rights guaranteed and their ethnic differences recognized. Since then two actions were created in this context: the course of Intercultural Degree and the Affirmative Action Program. The focus of this research is in the Affirmative Action policies for indians, understood as a set of measures of unequal access to basic goods such as education and employment for historically subordinate groups, and specially, the case of the Universidade Federal de São Carlos. This study analyzed the urgency context of Affirmative Action in Brazil and its deployment in the process of institutionalization of UFSCar, and particularly, how the indigenous students experience this recent experience. For this, this work includes a literature review and document analysis to characterize the Affirmative Action of UFSCar and understand how in its perspective, diversity or difference, the program has been constituted. We also interviews with indian students to understand their perception of the policy, their experiences, and in particular, will be discussed how their differences, subjectivities and/or identities are (or not) marked and recognized at this institutional space.
Pó de rocha como fonte de nutrientes no contexto da agroecologia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-29)
Brandão, Juliana Andréia Vrba
;
Assad, Maria Leonor Ribeiro Casimiro Lopes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0379324550884468
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5794553970687605
The aim of the search was evaluate alternatives to accelerate the solubilization of minerals contained in rock powder. In the first experiment, presented in Chapter 2, the objective was to evaluate the effect of the fungus Aspergillus niger strain CCT4355 and vinasse in the solubilization of minerals contained in the basalt powder. The experiment in vitro consisted in the treatments: vinasse + A. niger (VF), rock powder + vinasse (PV) and rock powder + vinasse + A. niger (PVF). The basalt powder used had grains smaller than 0.053 mm. In PV the solubilization of calcium, magnesium, potassium, zinc and copper was greater than PVF, demonstrating the potential of vinasse as solubilizing agent. It concludes that mixtures of vinasse and rock powder have significant potential for production of low cost biofertilizer. In the second experiment, presented in chapter 3, the objective was to evaluate the effect of A. niger in the release of nutrients from the powder of basalt and phonolite in vitro dissolution tests. The treatments were: powder of phonolite + medium (FM), powder of phonolite + medium + fungus (FMA), powder of basalt + medium (DM), powder of basalt + medium + fungus (DMA) and fungus + medium (MA). It was observed that A. niger was able to produce organic acids which solubilized the rock powders and interacted in different ways with the nutrients. It is concluded that the strain CCT4355 of A. niger has potential as a solubilizing agent of silicate rock powder. The chapter 4 presents the results obtained with mixtures of vermicompost and basalt powder, and the two objectives were: i) determine the availability of nutrients in bioproduct resulted of vermicompost, prepared with viii the addition of powder of basalt, and ii) evaluate the effect of rock powder, with and without vermicomposting, in short cycle culture, using Italian zucchini (Cucurbita pepo) as a indicator plant. The application of basalt powder in the vermicompost layers provided the pH raising of the product obtained at the end of 55 incubation days, but the vermicomposting was not able to provide nutrients presents in the basalt powder. The application of vermicompost, with and without addition of rock powder, had an effect statistically similar to conventional fertilization, confirming the importance of vermicomposting in production system with restricted access to industrialized products. It is concluded that vermicomposting did not increase the release of nutrients contained in the basalt powder when prepared and applied in a Italian zucchini. It is hoped that this research contributes to a better understanding of stonemeal as an alternative practice for soil fertilization.
Análise do sistema de produção e da sustentabilidade de propriedades familiares orgânicas no município de Rio Claro (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-29)
Silva, Rafaela Aparecida da
;
Pimentel, Andréa Eloisa Bueno
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1686724434796582
The purpose of this dissertation is to analyze the production systems and the economical, socio-political and environmental sustainability level of organic family farms in the municipality of Rio Claro, SP, Brazil. It is assumed that organic farming is considered environmentally sustainable insofar as, among other factors, organic fertilizers and not synthetic pesticides are used. It is considered economically sustainable when it is able to reproduce itself; and socio-politically sustainable when it seeks to change the attitudes and values of the people involved. Besides secondary data gathered about the municipality, the identification of the farmers was carried out through researches done at public institutions related to the rural area, contacts made with other researchers, meetings of the municipality Family Farmers Association and conversations with the farmers. A prior conversation was held with the farmers in order to identify the characteristics related to their profiles, which are better detailed with the semi-structured interview. The research involved seven farmers and, based on the interviews, 18 economical, 20 socio-political and 34 environmental sustainability indicators were established. The main aspects observed were the strict relationship with the X Company and the positive and negative impacts it caused, in addition to the heterogeneity existing among the family about different aspects; however, there are similarities between the problems they face, such as the distance from the public institutions, as well as shortage of labor force. Growing vegetables is the principal commercial activity of these families. As for the indicators, the farmers showed a great interest both in the economical aspects and in the approach to soil fertility and management. These elaborate indicators interact among themselves, making it possible to systematically evaluate and analyze the data. In general terms, the families do not show sustainable properties. Nevertheless, families A and C showed better results related to this ideal, in comparison with the others.
Políticas públicas de economia solidária no município de São Carlos-SP, de 2001 a 2011
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-29)
Meireles, Eduardo
;
Silva, Ricardo Siloto da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5346985934880710
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1856762188427793
The solidarity economy is born in Brazil in the late 80's and early 90's historical struggles of social movements as well as municipal administrations initiatives against unemployment and poverty, compounded on the axis of the work to include persons historically excluded by the hegemony capitalist economic. It comes as an alternative income generation and economic and social inclusion. For this reason, and given the importance of this issue from the standpoint of economic and social, many municipalities have invested in developing initiatives to promote the solidarity economy, these initiatives vary according to locality and region and can range from simple actions public policies, since this work was. Objective: to present to the public policies that promote the social economy of São Carlos-SP, key actions and actors, as well as understand their construction and analyze the actual content of that policy, ie, programs, policies, structures and support to public enterprises solidarity economy. Method: case study, after the fact in a descriptive and explanatory, the strategy chosen when examining contemporary events, analyzes were made through documentation that has been the major source of evidence. Results: We identified in the municipality of San Carlos over the 10 years of activities related to social economy, a series of initiatives, these initiatives have occurred several actors for the purpose of promoting the solidarity economy, generating jobs and income and local development, these actors over the period channeled their actions to strengthen the theme in the city through meetings, forums and discussion spaces, yet they enable the institutionalization of this policy, which announced by the municipal government since 2001, included the solidarity economy in the public structure of municipal government , establishing a budget, as well as a legal and public spaces to establish partnerships marketing and development, which has made today the city is recognized for its activities and policies to promote the solidarity economy. Conclusion: it is necessary to further a series of actions in order to perpetuate, strengthen and expand the social economy initiatives in the city, given that they are still far from the desired character of transversality and announced by the municipal government, but what is fact is that initiatives to promote the solidarity economy are part of a program of government that has implemented policies of economic solidarity in the city in recent years, trying to generate work and income and local development, social inclusion and productive through the logic of solidarity and cooperation.
Modelos e taxas de atração de viagens para PGVs - Hospitais públicos localizados em cidades de médio porte do interior do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-29)
Gontijo, Geisa Aparecida da Silva
;
Raia Junior, Archimedes Azevedo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6413793013018019
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1714527302163378
This work aims to present trip attraction models and rates to public hospitals located in mediumsized cities in the interior of the state of São Paulo Brazil. The hospitals cause significant impacts in the local traffic and because of that they can be characterized as Potential Trip Generation Centers. In this sense, this research presents rates and models that allow us to analyze the possible impacts related to trips attracted by new hospitals. In the development of the proposed models and rates, it was performed a research in seven Santas Casas de Misericórdia hospitals in seven medium-sized cities: São Carlos, Marília, Sertãozinho, Rio Claro, Jaú, Mogi- Guaçú and Araras. The data of the first five cases were used in the development of the trip attraction models and rates, while the last two ones were used to validate the developed models. In these hospitals were performed traffic counting of pedestrians, private vehicles, buses, motorcycles and bicycles, and also interviews with the users. Through the developed analysis were elaborated models of simple regression, multiple regressions, simple regression by trip objective and mode of transport and multiple regressions with dummy variables. Some of the models developed were validated by data collected and thus they were considered more reliable to be used in Brazilian hospitals than models of the Institute of Transportation Engineers-ITE. To complement this study, it was performed a doctoral internship in Madrid, Spain in 2011 where specific models were developed with data from four public hospitals of that city. Through the application of the elaborate models and the models of ITE, it was found that the models developed for Madrid are also more suitable to estimate the travels to Spanish hospitals than the models of the ITE. Thus, this study found that for Brazilian cities, where the second mode of transportation is the bus, and for the Spanish city where the second mode of transportation is the subway, the ITE models, that consider only travels by car, may not be sufficient to estimate the travels.
Expressão recombinante e caracterização de uma endoxilanase não descrita de Trichoderma harzianum
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-29)
Generoso, Wesley Cardoso
;
Silva, Flávio Henrique da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1757309852446263
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0538013870555370
The use of alternative and renewable fuels is vital to solve the problems derived from the dependence of fuels, and the vegetal biomass is the only renewable source available in large scale that can be converted in energy. The bioethanol production has demonstrated a huge potential to minimize the environmental changes resultant from fossil fuels consumption. Nevertheless, the production costs of cellulolytic complexes lays out one of the major obstacle of the economical viability of the second generation ethanol. Therefore, the bioprospection and the understanding of enzymes involved in the process can improve the complexes productivity. Xylanases are enzymes used in several biotechnological processes, primordially for biopulping and biobleaching in papel industries. However, current surveys have investigated these enzymes due to an accessory role for bioethanol production. In this study, an endoxylanase (xyn3) gene from Trichoderma harzianum was cloned into Pichia pastoris. The constitutive vector pGAPZαA was used, changing the α-factor by the native signal peptide of the enzyme, and with a 6xHisTag at C-terminus. The recombinant protein were expressed in two majority forms, one with a molecular mass of 35 kDa (non-glycosylated) and the other with 60 kDa (glycosylated). Both forms showed xylanolytic activity in zymogram and were biochemically analyzed. The enzymes present optimal temperature of 40°C and pH 6.5, and stable activity until 30°C. The glycosylation plays important role in the enzymatic kinects of the recombinant enzyme, showing a catalytic efficiency twice higher of glycosylated form, in comparison with the activity of the non-glycosylated form. Even in this study, the effects of cellulose and xylan on the regulation of expression of the xyn2, xyn3 and egl3 genes were investigated to T. harzianum. All studied genes were overexpressed under all induction conditions and the results indicate a higher and earlier expression of these genes in fungus induction using a mixture of cellulose and xylan. Furthermore, an advance in the period of induction was observed while the fungus was cultivated with steam explosed bagasse supplemented with endoxylanase 3, when compared with the pure bagasse utilization. These findings enhance the vii understanding of enzymatic mode of action involved in deconstruction of plant cellular wall, whick can be used in the second generation ethanol production.
Ensino fundamental de nove anos: a docência em escolas da rede municipal de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-06-30)
Moraes, Alessandra Cardoso de
;
Oliveira, Rosa Maria Moraes Anunciato de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3064136997342775
The research deals with the learning processes and the professional development of coordinators and teachers who work in the first year of elementary school considering the expansion of basic education to nine years. The admission of six year old children in compulsory education possibly involves changes in the organization of the pedagogical work developed in the classroom by teachers, as well as some adjustment in the curriculum to meet the specific needs of the newly arriving six year olds. It also requires continued learning programs for teachers, administrators and all other education professionals, which should be guaranteed by the school system. The changes required for the expansion of basic education to nine years as well as for the admission of six year olds at this stage can lead to destabilization, uncertainty and the search for new knowledge about the specific nature, characteristics and needs of six year olds. Thus, this research seeks to understand the ways in which teachers of the first year of elementary school in the Municipality of São Carlos design, develop and implement the policy of extending compulsory education, considering its demands and direct influence on the school and its students. It is important to point out that some aspects of the study are related to what the educational literature says about the learning processes and the professional development of teachers, as well as to what it refers to the expansion of basic education to nine years and the curricular reforms proposed for the first year of basic education. Document analysis, questionnaires and interviews were used for data collection, aiming to understand the conception of the teachers participating in the study about their experiences: the policy in place, participation in continued education programs, the contents to be taught, the encountered difficulties and other aspects that directly influence their perspective on teaching in the first year of basic education. From the analyzed data it is possible to note that this reform involves aspects beyond the implementation of the last policy or guideline adopted by MEC (Ministry of Education), considering a necessary change in both classroom and school cultures. Fear, insecurity and apprehension stemming from the initial expectations of working with six year old children may be justified by the fact that the concept of change is directly associated with rethinking, (re) configuring, (re) organizing the teacher know-how. In this perspective, collective actions aiming to overcome the practical problems encountered in teacher know-how are noteworthy, given that the meaning of change is tied to what those involved can come to understand about what must change and how to do it.
Papéis ocupacionais e pessoas com deficiências físicas: independência, tecnologia assistiva e poder aquisitivo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-07-02)
Cruz, Daniel Marinho Cezar da
;
Emmel, Maria Luisa Guillaumon
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7350460642976728
The aim was to investigate if there is association between occupational roles, independence, purchasing power, age, time of disability and technology in the lives of people with physical disabilities living in the city of São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil. For this, we attempted to compare if there was a variation in the number of occupational roles in the three times (past/present/future), according to gender and among two groups (adults and elderly), to describe the performance patterns of occupational roles (absence, continuum, loss, gain); identify which are assistive technology resources that these individuals have and how did the acquisition of these technologies, usability and abandonment; identify the knowledge about the subject of granting policies of technologies. From a cross-sectional research, with a convenience sample, we selected 91 subjects, aged from 18 to 93 years, enrolled in Family Health Care Units, with some physical disability. The sample was divided in two groups: adults (n = 34) and elderly (n = 57) to compare the results between them. The instruments of data collection were the Role Checklist, the Modified Barthel Index, the Brazil Economic Classification Criterion and a form developed by the researcher. For data analysis we used a quantitative approach composed by descriptive analysis, ANOVA with repeated measures and Correspondence Analysis. As an outcomes, we found that the participants showed a considerable repertoire of technologies, mostly acquired with their own funds or donations. Much of these technologies could be granted by the grant program of the Federal Government, however, the list of technologies identified in this study suggests that these individuals also make use, as well as other technologies require not covered by the grant program. It was observed a trend toward reliance on subject, and this trend follows a higher order of dependence to total independence. For assistive technology, it was observed that the classes with smaller number of technology classes were related to independent and in greater numbers, with some dependency classes. With regard to the purchasing power it was noted that the classes C1 and D were more associated with less dependence, since the classes B1, B2 and C2 to a moderate dependence and class A2, besides with low frequency and little explanation, coupled with a reliance on more high. It should be noted that although the technology was not directly associated with the independence, the latter was associated with a greater number of occupational roles, which requires a look at the issues of independence, when considering the typology of occupational roles and how this independence moves between roles in the daily life of these participants. From the data obtained, some implications are done in order to increase actions developed in the health care of people with disabilities and the improvement of public policies for this population.
Nutrição mineral nas fases de semeadura e de individualização de “seedlings” do melhoramento genético de cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-07-02)
Silva, Marina Gomes da
;
Soares, Marcio Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6337462438517339
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9130183598578601
The concern and interest in ensuring the adequate nutritional supply for plant cane and ratoon cane, and even for propagation seedlings, has been quite evident. However, there is little information on the supply of nutrients in the different stages of the sugarcane breeding, especially during sowing and individualization of seedlings and the initial acclimatization of seedlings in the nursery and field conditions of phase T1. The understanding of these effects can guarantee the full development of the seedlings, in order to avoid masking and the elimination of some genotype of high productive potential. The general objective of this work was to study the influence of nutrient supply by nutrient solution on the development of seedlings in the initial phase of the selection process of sugarcane genotypes adopted by PMGCA-UFSCar. The specific objectives were: (a) to evaluate the effects of frequency of application and concentration of nutrient solution on biometric parameters of development of sugarcane seedlings; and (b) obtain subsidies to suggest seedlings fertigation as a routine practice. Sugarcane seeds originating from biparental crossings RB925211 x RB855463, SP803280 x RB855536 and RB935744 x RB72454 were used. The seedlings were individualized in containers with vermiculite to compose the treatments, arranged according to a completely randomized design, under controlled greenhouse conditions for three months, with a 3x3x3 factorial scheme, using 12 replicates per treatment. The frequency of application (1, 2 and 3 times a week) and the concentration of the nutrient solution (calculated - C, half C / 2 and double 2C) were tested on seedlings grown in vermiculite, with the substrate Multiplant®, used in routine of the PMGCA-UFSCar, as a reference. The low rate of sugarcane seeds germination and the early death of seedlings could not be attributed to the temperature fluctuations registered in the greenhouse. The germination of sugarcane seeds was more homogeneous under germination chamber conditions, with a photoperiod of 12 h and a temperature of 30 °C. In the first month after harvesting, seedlings kept in the Multiplant® substrate showed the highest growth in height and mild copper (Cu) deficiency, with no visual symptoms. In the period of 30-60 days after growing, seedlings grown on the Multiplant® substrate showed nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn) deficiency, showing visual symptoms only for S, characterized by chlorotic young leaves with reddish-purple edges. In this period, the application of nutrient solution three times a week, at a concentration equivalent to two times the calculated concentration, constituted the most appropriate treatment for the crosses studied. In the third month after harvesting, seedlings of the Multiplant® substrate continued to be deficient in N and S. The application of nutrient solution twice a week, at a concentration equivalent to two times the calculated concentration (2x2C), was the most appropriate treatment for the studied crosses, in the period of 60-90 days after the breeding. The application of a nutrient solution with a concentration equivalent to two times the calculated one, twice a week, represented the most appropriate treatment to be incorporated as a fertigation routine for seedlings from the crossings covered in this study.
Crescimento super e subcrítico de trincas em vidros e vitrocerâmicos analisado via indentacão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-07-02)
Rodrigues, Bruno Poletto
;
Zanotto, Edgar Dutra
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1055167132036400
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9815250184820292
In this dissertation we quantified properties that may better describe the mechanical behaviour of different glasses and glass-ceramics of the Na2O-CaO-SiO2-P2O5 system, based on the Biosilicate®chemical composition developed by LaMaV-UFSCar, after implantation in the human body. We tried to analyse variables such as n (the stress-corrosion susceptibility coefficient, derived from subcritical crack growth experiments), K0 (KI0, KSCC or Kth, the threshold stress intensity factor below which no subcritical crack growth occ-curs), and to characterize the R-Curve (the increase in fracture toughness as the cracks increase in length). The experimental methods utilized are beased on the materials response to Vickers indentation, whether by following the crack length, statistically analyzing the number of nucleated cracks or breaking indented samples on four point bending testing. These techniques pose the great advantage of being very economic in respect of time needed to prepare the samples and in respect of the number of samples used. The experimental results were, whenever possible, compared with literature data and their validity broadly discussed. From the experimental data its possible to conclude that the tested methods do not generate valid and coherent results concerning the materials and conditions tested, contributing to the con side of a discussion very present on the literature.
Confiabilidade, validade e estudo dos padrões normativos da versão brasileira do Social Support Appraisals (SSA)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-07-03)
Squassoni, Carolina Elisabeth
;
Matsukura, Thelma Simões
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4767366263084369
In scientific studies, using measuring instruments it is necessary to observe issues of reliability, validity and standardization of results. In the national literature, the Brazilian version of the Social Support Appraisals (SSA) is the only instrument available for studies of Cross-cultural translation, specific for the assessment of social support for children and adolescents. The objectives of this study: 1 - Assess the reliability and construct validity of the Brazilian version of the Social Support Appraisals 2 - Establish regulatory standards of the Brazilian version of the SSA for children and adolescents aged between nine and 18. The specific objectives were: a) to assess the social support perceived by children and adolescents aged between nine and 18 years, b) to investigate the sources encompassed by Other subscale, and c) to evaluate the socio-emotional development of participants aged between 11 and 18 years. The study group was comprised of 766 children and adolescent aged between nine and 18 years who are high and elementary students of eleven public schools in three cities in the state of Sao Paulo. To collect data we used the Identification Form, the Brazilian version of the SSA and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The results of factor analysis indicated five factors with a structure in which single items were found in the factor F5. Therefore, the respective items were excluded and analyzes were made after considering the 23 remaining items of the Brazilian version of the SSA. The internal consistency index alpha was equal to 0.89 for the total scale, .83 for subscale family, friends 0.80, 0.80 and 0.77 other teachers. Divergent validity was found between the SSA and the SDQ has been partially satisfactory, because there were negative correlations between the subscales of both instruments. Regulatory standards have been established through the criterion Intragrupo. The specific objectives encompassed a) the family was the main source of support perceived b) respond to the items of the Other subscale participants indicated in their majority, who think of their family members and friends, c) where there was clinical prevalence of conduct problems and emotional symptoms. It is considered that this study allows us to offer the Brazilian version of the SSA for use in future research in order to continue the research on social support and associations with variables related to the development of children and adolescents and their family background . Also, this research brings advances in knowledge about the role of social support in the development and health.
Vida e conhecimento da vida em Henri Bergson
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-07-03)
Rates, Bruno Batista
;
Pinto, Débora Cristina Morato
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1311151012002541
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6947290677550050
The notion of life occupies a special place in Bergson s philosophy. However, far from being univocal, the meaning of this term shows different significations throughout his thought. A decisive change of this concept can be identified in the passage that leads us from the Time and free will to Matter and memory. More specifically, it seems that Bergson offers a new philosophical program in the last chapter of the book of 1896 which is radicalized in 1907 in a way even more surprising. If in a first moment, with the intend to separate space from duration, the French thinker reserves to the biological and empirical dimension of life a character almost completely spacializing and pragmatic , in Creative evolution this dimension will be identified, in a certain sense, to the idea of duration itself, chiefly because of the arrival of a controversial concept, the vital impulse (élan vital). But what takes Bergson to this inflection? We understand that the beginning of this turn and the reasons that take him to produce that change are resulting from two exigencies, related with each other: the first one, directly related to the evidence of the evolutionary theory (Lamarck, Darwin and Spencer) and the necessity of thinking it with the hypothesis of the duration; the second one, tied more specifically to Bergson s thought itself, is concerned to the cohesion that gives to his philosophy a unity of meaning. In other terms: in extending the hypothesis of duration to the material reality in Matter and memory, wouldn t Bergson be forced to amplify his understanding of the organic and the inorganic and, therefore, of life itself? But how can we attribute, at the same time, specificity to the living being, since it now coincides with matter? Can we identify in this point the creative aspect of evolution, the vital impulse (élan vital)? How is it possible to think, within those questions, the indiscernibility between theory of knowledge and theory of life , as it is proposed in Creative evolution? It is in relation to these problems that we try to circumscribe our research.
Motivação para leitura em alunos do 6º ano do ensino fundamental: análise por dimensões, rendimento, sexo e escola
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-07-03)
Torezan, Keila Roberta
;
Rose, Tânia Maria Santana de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6085320218605556
In Brazil, many data indicate the school difficulties found by the students, mainly in the public teaching. The analysis of the motivational factors has shown a promising alternative to the understanding of the low academic achievement. Motivation can be understood as a variety of psychological processes that lead to a choice, stimulate and begin a behavior directed toward a goal, which guarantee the permanence on it. Researches have focused the effects of the students motivation for reading on the academic achievement. This study focused on the characterization of students eleven dimensions of the motivation for reading. Among the dimensions intrinsic and extrinsic motivation for reading, self-efficacy and social aspects were included. Important aspects related to the students to understand the low engagement in reading activities for a considerable amount of Brazilian students were examined. The proposal is based on the founds between the relation of the students reading motivation quality and their involvement with the reading. The descriptive study searched to: 1) characterize the dimensions of motivation for reading (self-efficacy, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and social proposals) of a group of 6th grade students in function of their reading achievement, of the gender and the location of the school attended by the students; 2) identify if there s difference in the motivation for reading among the students with low media and high grades in reading, between boys and girls and between the students attending different schools located in the central area and in the suburbs of a medium city. 119 students participated of this study, 61 were from the central school which 25 were boys and 36 were girls and 58 from the suburb school which 33 were boys and 25 were girls, the average age of the participants was 10 years and 7 months old. Were used as instruments: one scale to evaluate the dimensions for reading composed by 54 items developed to measure each dimension for reading Motivation Reading Questionnaire - and the students grades in reading on the first school semester of 2011. To analyze the data, statistics tests were done. They detected that the motivation for reading is multidimensional. The results of this present study corroborate the discoveries of the literature of reading motivation that points out difference between boys and girls, among students with different academic achievement and also difference between the students from the different schools location. The girls, the students from the central school and the students with medium and high academic achievement showed motivation reading aspects more positive related to boys, than students with low academic achievement and the students attending the suburb school.
Contribuições a um pensar sociológico sobre a deficiência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-07-03)
Piccolo, Gustavo Martins
;
Mendes, Enicéia Gonçalves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0512045942434827
Throughout modern history the deficiency has been described mainly by the medical knowledge. In this paper we propose to investigate the importance of theory toward understanding the cited phenomenon on other bases than the accepted hegemonic, for this, we assumed that only a movement led by a revolutionary theory can effectively exercise the role of combatant lead. The development cited to materialize mainly through a process of dive on the writings of the London group called Disability Studies, representative current of a movement that can be seen as an inflection point on the historically dominant knowledge in dealing with disabilities, based on explanatory concepts from the field of sociology. Our work will be focused on this literature , aiming to compose a scenario which presents the historical development of this movement, as well as some of its limitations and possibilities to be explored. By materializing a theoretical search process, this work constitutes primarily as a literary composition (involving review, seizure, analysis, explanation and creation of literature), with the guidelines the historical materialism theory, though it does not materialize a Marxist work strict sense. Prior to submission of detailed theoretical corpus, we conducted a methodological process by state of the art on the dissertations and theses produced on (post-)graduate programs accredited by CAPES in fields related to sociological science (Sociology, Social Sciences, Anthropology and Political Science) between 1990 and 2010, mister universe by which Londoners develop their relations on disability. After collecting these data we found empirically that almost nothing was written about disability in the sociological fields. In 5691 texts of sociology cataloged only 10 (0.18%) dealt directly on disability. These data do not show significant changes when we compared the texts produced in the Graduate Program in Anthropology and Political Science. In anthropology, 1893 works were produced, and only 5 (0.26%) of these papers have disability as the main object of study, the same number found in Political Science in a universe of 1211 theses and dissertations. Of the 20 works found in a universe of 8798, only two made sporadic references to the London group. Thus, the deficiency still seems primarily as a medical phenomenon, a pre-sociological issue, not worthy of note to be represented as a matter of research in the sciences that make use of social analysis. In this sense, a question inevitably tends to be made: How to develop emancipatory policies for people with disabilities if the benchmark it leaves is inextricably linked to disability as a condition of dependency? Policies and practices need to be libertarian concepts and epistemologies also libertarian. But such concepts exist and seeking to appropriate the same we did a real scan magazine articles published in Disability & Society, the most important journal in the existing sociological analysis of disability. From June 1986 to July 2011 the magazine published 1487 articles, all in English, although produced by authors from more than 30 countries. Of these, 383 were read in full, which allowed us to compose the lines of this work, having as a foundational assumption the idea that disability is a product of social oppression inserted over the differences expressed by the body of his subjects, so, it is created by the intrinsic insensitivity of the environment in which we operate. From the literature review indicated themes were extracted to analyze the contributions and limits of social approach to disability and the urgent need ownership of their constructs. We conclude that the deficiency to be a category created shown capable of overcoming, whose objective conditions are given in the interstice of capitalist sociality, though never effected due to the structurally exclusive composition that features this system. Having all the means to overcome this oppressive condition that involves people with disabilities and does not exceed it is a phenomenon that highlights so nuclear forms the split between essence and existence, hence the need in fighting against these alienations, which reduces human beings the simple desire to have, the role of mere objects, thus, dispossessed or pruned sharply as the subjective capacity for self-determination, the choice of destination and the means of its attainment. The aforementioned struggle will succeed only when that full coincidence of changing circumstances and the transformation of consciousness, hallmark of any revolutionary act. Revolution, therefore, that never ceased to be the transformation of economic, political and cultural structures, linked by awareness the truths and prohibitions of the system that oppresses us. Only to discover their real interests can actually propose to overcome them. Precisely at the intersection of these elements, the thought of Marx's arises such as philosophy unsurpassed in our time because of its critical and emancipatory property; the dialectical unity between the study of capital and call for its overthrow, the analysis of alienation and fetishism by which we are involved and proposals for the disposal of all the conditions within which a man is to be reduced, abandoned, mutilated, despised. We need to bring Marxism to the analytical field of disability, that is our commitment and the universe with which the reader will encounter now.
Reúso de frameworks transversais com apoio de modelos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-07-04)
Gottardi, Thiago
;
Camargo, Valter Vieira de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6809743774407662
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1481511742446875
Aspect-Oriented programming was created to modularize the so-called crosscutting concerns . Crosscutting concerns have some properties that cannot be fully modularized with the object-oriented paradigm. After that, aspect-oriented frameworks were created in order to make reuse of different concern codes easier. Among these frameworks, Crosscutting Frameworks are aspect-oriented frameworks specifically created for crosscutting concern code modularization, for instance, persistence, distribution, concurrency and business rules. Currently, these frameworks are usually distributed as source code and must be reused by extending classes, aspects and methods. Reusing these frameworks in code-level require application developers to worry about implementation issues, that affects understandability, productivity and quality of final software. In this thesis, the objective is to raise abstraction level by applying a new model-driven approach for crosscutting framework reuse, which also allows reusability during earlier development phases. Experiments were conducted in order to compare the productivity of the proposed process with the conventional reuse technique, which is based on source-code edition. It was identified that the proposed process has advantages during the reuse activity, however, no advantages were detected while maintaining an application coupled to a crosscutting framework.