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Nutrição mineral nas fases de semeadura e de individualização de “seedlings” do melhoramento genético de cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-07-02) Silva, Marina Gomes da; Soares, Marcio Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6337462438517339; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9130183598578601
The concern and interest in ensuring the adequate nutritional supply for plant cane and ratoon cane, and even for propagation seedlings, has been quite evident. However, there is little information on the supply of nutrients in the different stages of the sugarcane breeding, especially during sowing and individualization of seedlings and the initial acclimatization of seedlings in the nursery and field conditions of phase T1. The understanding of these effects can guarantee the full development of the seedlings, in order to avoid masking and the elimination of some genotype of high productive potential. The general objective of this work was to study the influence of nutrient supply by nutrient solution on the development of seedlings in the initial phase of the selection process of sugarcane genotypes adopted by PMGCA-UFSCar. The specific objectives were: (a) to evaluate the effects of frequency of application and concentration of nutrient solution on biometric parameters of development of sugarcane seedlings; and (b) obtain subsidies to suggest seedlings fertigation as a routine practice. Sugarcane seeds originating from biparental crossings RB925211 x RB855463, SP803280 x RB855536 and RB935744 x RB72454 were used. The seedlings were individualized in containers with vermiculite to compose the treatments, arranged according to a completely randomized design, under controlled greenhouse conditions for three months, with a 3x3x3 factorial scheme, using 12 replicates per treatment. The frequency of application (1, 2 and 3 times a week) and the concentration of the nutrient solution (calculated - C, half C / 2 and double 2C) were tested on seedlings grown in vermiculite, with the substrate Multiplant®, used in routine of the PMGCA-UFSCar, as a reference. The low rate of sugarcane seeds germination and the early death of seedlings could not be attributed to the temperature fluctuations registered in the greenhouse. The germination of sugarcane seeds was more homogeneous under germination chamber conditions, with a photoperiod of 12 h and a temperature of 30 °C. In the first month after harvesting, seedlings kept in the Multiplant® substrate showed the highest growth in height and mild copper (Cu) deficiency, with no visual symptoms. In the period of 30-60 days after growing, seedlings grown on the Multiplant® substrate showed nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn) deficiency, showing visual symptoms only for S, characterized by chlorotic young leaves with reddish-purple edges. In this period, the application of nutrient solution three times a week, at a concentration equivalent to two times the calculated concentration, constituted the most appropriate treatment for the crosses studied. In the third month after harvesting, seedlings of the Multiplant® substrate continued to be deficient in N and S. The application of nutrient solution twice a week, at a concentration equivalent to two times the calculated concentration (2x2C), was the most appropriate treatment for the studied crosses, in the period of 60-90 days after the breeding. The application of a nutrient solution with a concentration equivalent to two times the calculated one, twice a week, represented the most appropriate treatment to be incorporated as a fertigation routine for seedlings from the crossings covered in this study.
Papéis ocupacionais e pessoas com deficiências físicas: independência, tecnologia assistiva e poder aquisitivo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-07-02) Cruz, Daniel Marinho Cezar da; Emmel, Maria Luisa Guillaumon; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7350460642976728
The aim was to investigate if there is association between occupational roles, independence, purchasing power, age, time of disability and technology in the lives of people with physical disabilities living in the city of São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil. For this, we attempted to compare if there was a variation in the number of occupational roles in the three times (past/present/future), according to gender and among two groups (adults and elderly), to describe the performance patterns of occupational roles (absence, continuum, loss, gain); identify which are assistive technology resources that these individuals have and how did the acquisition of these technologies, usability and abandonment; identify the knowledge about the subject of granting policies of technologies. From a cross-sectional research, with a convenience sample, we selected 91 subjects, aged from 18 to 93 years, enrolled in Family Health Care Units, with some physical disability. The sample was divided in two groups: adults (n = 34) and elderly (n = 57) to compare the results between them. The instruments of data collection were the Role Checklist, the Modified Barthel Index, the Brazil Economic Classification Criterion and a form developed by the researcher. For data analysis we used a quantitative approach composed by descriptive analysis, ANOVA with repeated measures and Correspondence Analysis. As an outcomes, we found that the participants showed a considerable repertoire of technologies, mostly acquired with their own funds or donations. Much of these technologies could be granted by the grant program of the Federal Government, however, the list of technologies identified in this study suggests that these individuals also make use, as well as other technologies require not covered by the grant program. It was observed a trend toward reliance on subject, and this trend follows a higher order of dependence to total independence. For assistive technology, it was observed that the classes with smaller number of technology classes were related to independent and in greater numbers, with some dependency classes. With regard to the purchasing power it was noted that the classes C1 and D were more associated with less dependence, since the classes B1, B2 and C2 to a moderate dependence and class A2, besides with low frequency and little explanation, coupled with a reliance on more high. It should be noted that although the technology was not directly associated with the independence, the latter was associated with a greater number of occupational roles, which requires a look at the issues of independence, when considering the typology of occupational roles and how this independence moves between roles in the daily life of these participants. From the data obtained, some implications are done in order to increase actions developed in the health care of people with disabilities and the improvement of public policies for this population.
Crescimento super e subcrítico de trincas em vidros e vitrocerâmicos analisado via indentacão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-07-02) Rodrigues, Bruno Poletto; Zanotto, Edgar Dutra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1055167132036400; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9815250184820292
In this dissertation we quantified properties that may better describe the mechanical behaviour of different glasses and glass-ceramics of the Na2O-CaO-SiO2-P2O5 system, based on the Biosilicate®chemical composition developed by LaMaV-UFSCar, after implantation in the human body. We tried to analyse variables such as n (the stress-corrosion susceptibility coefficient, derived from subcritical crack growth experiments), K0 (KI0, KSCC or Kth, the threshold stress intensity factor below which no subcritical crack growth occ-curs), and to characterize the R-Curve (the increase in fracture toughness as the cracks increase in length). The experimental methods utilized are beased on the materials response to Vickers indentation, whether by following the crack length, statistically analyzing the number of nucleated cracks or breaking indented samples on four point bending testing. These techniques pose the great advantage of being very economic in respect of time needed to prepare the samples and in respect of the number of samples used. The experimental results were, whenever possible, compared with literature data and their validity broadly discussed. From the experimental data its possible to conclude that the tested methods do not generate valid and coherent results concerning the materials and conditions tested, contributing to the con side of a discussion very present on the literature.