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Por um conhecimento sincero no mundo falso: Teoria Crítica, pesquisa social empírica e The Authoritarian Personality
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-08-13)
Antunes, Deborah Christina
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Maar, Wolfgang Leo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8746615407370574
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1065956470701739
The present PhD dissertation discusses the relationship between the Critical Theory of Society and empirical social research as elaborated in the work of the Institute of Social Research of Frankfurt, particularly after 1931, during the period in which it was under the direction of Max Horkheimer. Thus, it investigates to what extent such a nexus considered part of this theory s immanent coherence can be found in the research carried out in the United States and published as The Authoritarian Personality. The first chapter is dedicated to the reconstruction of Horkheimer s notion of interdisciplinary materialism. The discussion is based on his inaugural lecture as the Institute director, and on his essays published during the 1930s. In the second chapter, the main empirical social research projects carried out by the Institute members, in Germany and in the United States, are presented. The third chapter is dedicated to Theodor W. Adorno, his critique of Sociology and his views about the accomplishment of empirical research in the scope of Critical Theory. The last chapter is dedicated to an analysis of The Authoritarian Personality, seeking connections between the theory and procedures and instruments, and also between theoretical elaborations on their results.
Características, fatores críticos e indicadores de agilidade no gerenciamento de projetos de produtos inovadores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-08-13)
Almeida, Luís Fernando Magnanini de
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Silva, Sérgio Luis da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4164265591178698
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9522305814931992
The theory of project management presents difficulties when applied to the development of innovative products. To solve these difficulties, a series of management methods were created. These methods receive the nomenclature of agile project management and increase the agility of the management process which would be a strategy to deal with the difficulties in those particular projects. However, the concept of agility is vague in the project management theory and the studies found that attempts to measure this performance was not satisfactory, presenting too much subjectivity in the definitions of constructs and starting from little robust definitions of agility. To try to solve this problem, a new model for agility in project management was proposed by Conforto (2011), relying on a definition coined from a systematic literature review of several areas that exhibit this same concept, and perform another systematic review on the models to measure agility in order to incorporate their strengths and create solutions to major weaknesses. This study aims to examine the relationships between the dimensions present in this model of agility to manage projects, in order to verify its validity and possibility its future use as a basis for measurement. Thus, the observed relationships between some features arising from the use of practices from the theory of agile project management theory, critical factors that may impact on the performance of the practices and indicators of agility. For this, a survey was made at the members from eight communities in Brazil Linkedin® chosen from among 79 candidates and selected according to 7 criteria. Also, was created the theoretical concept of "profile 500" which can be used in future research with have analysis made between members of this social network. There was obtained 172 valid responses from 966 users considered eligible for the study. Correlation analysis showed that the relationships proposed in the model of Conforto (2011) are valid and that agility is related to the presence of certain characteristics and are not inherent to the management method chosen, but this performance is related to customer participation and time taken decision. Finally, there was evidenced the importance of customer participation in the design and validation of partial results for a faster management process, and the necessity of carrying out the planning, development and validation with the participation of the client to perform better agility.
Durabilidade mecânica de compósitos de polipropileno com reforço híbrido de fibra de coco e talco
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-08-13)
Antunes, Marcela Caroline
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Sousa, José Alexandrino de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7737833809468759
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3480730374217911
The use of natural fibers, as possible alternative reinforcement for synthetic fibers such as glass fibers, in polymer composites meets the requirement for development of new materials with environmentally sustainable technology. Such composites are especially attractive for engineering applications, such as in automobile industry, as these new materials can meet the requirements for adequate mechanical performance whilst exploiting the low density of natural fibers. As the mechanical fatigue durability is of fundamental importance in this area, the main objective of this work is to study the mechanical fatigue properties of polypropylene homopolymer (PP) composites with hybrid reinforcement of coconut fiber (CoF) and mineral filler talc (T), used to obtain a better balance between mechanical properties and lower density. Thus, PP composites with hybrid FCo/T reinforcement and compatibilized with maleated PP (PP-g-MAH) were prepared by twin-screw extrusion at various concentrations and test specimens injection molded for short-term mechanical properties characterization (tensile, flexural, impact and DMTA tests). The PP hybrid composite with the best balance of mechanical properties of stiffness, strength and reduced density was formulated with 30%FCo, 20%T and 3%PPg- MAH (wt %). This hybrid composite, along with its references composites with only FCo (30%) and only talc (20%), besides unmodified PP, were all submitted to fatigue testing carried out under cyclic sinusoidal tensile loading in tension controlled mode (frequency: 3 and 6 Hz and R = 0.1). The experimental results showed that all composites, both hybrid and reference composites, presented higher number of cycles to failure in comparison to the matrix PP polymer, probably due to reduction of mechanical hysteresis with increased content of reinforcement. However, extrapolation of the S-N fatigue curves indicates that all analyzed composites would present a fatigue resistance lower than the endurance limit observed for the unmodified PP polymer.
Sistematização do cálculo e verificação de sistemas estruturais de galpões pré-fabricados de concreto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-08-14)
Rodrigues, Camila
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Carvalho, Roberto Chust
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3633394168236221
This research is the systematization of the calculation and verification of a type of a very typical structural system of precast concrete in Brazil: the sheds. Through this research it is showed the main structural systems for this type of construction currently in use in Brazil. It also describes the component elements of these systems detailing the design techniques. Following it is a detailed the considerations of the actions over them and how to calculate the strain and displacement. With all previous data collected it is shown how the design is made with reinforcement of the roof s beam and how to guarantee that it meets with the relevant Brazilian standards. In the sequence, examples are made so that the reader can consolidate all the concepts involved in the previous sections. It shows the calculation and verification and finally points out the possibilities of improvement in some systems, detailing it. Finally, it highlights the points can still be studied to improve the design and the knowledge of sheds precast concrete.
Desafios para a transição agroecológica no arco de desmatamento da Amazônia : estudo de caso no assentamento entre Rios - MT
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-08-14)
Alvares, Suzana Marques Rodrigues
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Ferraz, José Maria Gusman
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3851804858390996
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0722384791788183
There is a critical situation for settlements, in terms of land reform, that can be seen by the great number of people abandoning their lands in the big areas with deforest and bonfire in Amazon. The present dissertation intended to analyze the Agroecological Transition Process in Entre Rios Settlement which was driven forward by PADEQ Sustainable Entre Rios project in an agroecological perspective. It was used the participatory approach through analyzes of the sustainability indicators for agro ecosystems. The Participatory Rural Appraisal evidenced that the main source of income of the settlers is still wood and that most of the settlers who remain in Entre Rios make their living through external sources of income, such as retirement, rent of property in other areas, Bolsa Família. It is also common to find families where men have to do temporary jobs in near farms or in saw mills to complete the family income, as well as to invest in their own animal husbandry activities. The results is that most settlers abandon their land lots for lack of proper conditions, as an example, in the first semester of 2010, 3 families left the settlement in one of the settlement areas. The Cupuaçu family presented the best index of total sustainability ( SITotal = 2.09 ), owing to the diversity of activities allowing income generations, inside or outside the ranch, besides the intense involvement of the family with the Association, courses and exchange, contributed to this result. Considering the ecological sustainability, the availability of alternative productions practices, especially, apiculture, and agroforestry systems, were fundamental factors for the composition of higher indices. The Social sustainability indices have presented the worst performance among all indices, for every family, showing the lack of structure and the present abandonment situation that the settlers are exposed to. Besides the blocks in the production process, there is still the difficulty to access consumer markets, due to the distance and lack of transportation for the products. The results indicated that the settlement participation is vital to build projects that attend to their concrete needs and particularities. This participation can increase the adhesion in numbers and helps them to understand better their management process and development. It is necessary some actions in order to develop the diversified production food and not forest wooden products in ecological bases taking all productive environment. It seems important some actions in the agroecological transition process to guarantee the sustainability and improvement of the settlement lives quality. It will help to maintain the settlement people in their lands. The governmental institutions constraints and the gap of help jeopardize the settlement situation as a result there is an increasing in the region deforest and bonfire.
Contribuição para o emprego de portas modulares em projetos de alvenaria estrutural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-08-15)
Grabarz, Regina Candeloro
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Parsekian, Guilherme Aris
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7798651726059215
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3026155515104619
The construction industry often related to high handwork production processes, which results in waste of physical and financial resources. The current great demand for new buildings leads to the need of industrialized elements, components and technologies in order to push the evolution of the construction process. In view of these aspects, modular coordination stands out as an excellent strategic tool since it aims to organize the dimensions of buildings, in order to reduce the variety of sizes in which the elements and components are produced, allowing its ready installation without the need of any modification. The structural masonry stands out in this direction since its design is guided by modular coordination, allowing the application of this concept and thereby to rationalize the subsystems of larger impact of the building: the partitions and the building structure. However, although this system contributes to the modular coordination, other construction components and elements must also have modular measures, being the element door an example. With that in mind, this research seeks to contribute to the dimensional standardization of "opening doors with one leaf" through the diagnosis of modular dimensions suitable for structural masonry designs. Initially, it was diagnosed the possible modular dimensions for the door space. The analyses resulted in the possible horizontal space before de door installation of widths with final 1 (61, 71, 81, cm) and 6 (66, 76, 86, cm). The vertical modular space is equal to 221 cm before any other construction element is added and 217 cm considering a regularization capping and floor tile over the slab (nominal). The width of wood door leaf is currently commercialized with dimensions ending with 0 (60, 70, 80, cm) and 2 (62, 72, 82, cm). These dimensions were diagnosed suitable to modular masonry design when combined with door post thickness of 2 and 2,5 cm respectively. However the 210 cm height, available in the market, proved to be inadequate. With this dimension a construction solution is need to fill the gap between the door and masonry, which is not wanted and becoming very undesirable today. The study leaded to the conclusion that a door leaf height of 212,5 cm would be ideal. Also, although it is possible wood-doors of 0 and 2 endings widths (current standard) changing the standards to width with endings dimensions of 3 (63, 73, 83, ... cm) and 8 (68, 78, 88, cm) would make possible to have the same width standard for door leafs of several materials (wood, metal). The metal doors of steel and aluminum are available in the market in several different. Although most of them are suitable for the modular dimensions the proposals are made here to standardize and reduce the number of different dimensions. The first one has lower impact, just recommends to eliminated some of the marketed dimensions standardizing to width endings with 1 (61, 71, 81, cm) and in height 211 cm. The other suggestion has higher impact, but allows the same dimensions for doors of different materials, thus having only one dimension standard for door leafs regardless of its material.
Agricultura urbana em Rio Claro (SP): produção e políticas públicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-08-15)
Leme, Marina Koketsu
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Pimentel, Andréa Eloisa Bueno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1927569399091860
The importance of Urban Agriculture (UA) has been increasingly recognized in recent years. It emerges as an important survival strategy, especially for the poorest population who can consume and sell the food produced. It also has other advantages such as occupation of empty spaces, maintenance of green areas and the producers' increase of their self-esteem. But the practice also has certain barriers that require care, as the misuse of pesticides, the possibility of food contamination by water or land, theft of crops and other risks. The municipality of Rio Claro (SP), the object of the present study, is an example of a city that has several types of UA initiatives, however there is still no specific legislation directed to the sector. Thus, we sought to conduct an analysis of these urban gardens in the city considering the optical output and public policies. The field research included observations and interviews, using semistructured questionnaire applied to farmers responsible for the gardens. From the analysis of the results it's noted that the gardens in Rio Claro are still few, occupying a small area. Despite the difficulties, the UA provided, in general, an improvement in the respondents' quality of life. Moreover, the practice of UA has great potential for expansion and could be better exploited in the city. Thus some actions are required by the municipality to encourage urban agriculture in the city, extending its benefits and reducing its drawbacks.
Diagnóstico dos agroecossistemas na microbacia hidrográfica do rio Pirapora - município de Piedade/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-08-16)
Schneider, Fernando
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Costa, Manoel Baltasar Baptista da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4748534388515487
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0220281286346217
The present work was aimed at making the diagnosis of 25 Agroecosystems located in the Pirapora river micro basin, in the Piedade municipality, State of São Paulo, focusing particularly on the adopted management practices. The socioeconomic, productive and environmental implications of these practices were analyzed and contextualized in the scenario of São Paulo State agriculture. The focus in the watershed, besides their legal aspects, reflects its importance as a geographical until priority actions for integrated management, conservation and natural resource management. In this study we sought to define the indicators that reflect the complexity of management were studied based on the method proposed by MESMIS, as well as by systematic methodological experience Agronomic Institute of Paraná IAPAR, systemic approach. The main results arising from systematized this work were: a significant presence of family farmers in the region, the incompatibility of management techniques adopted in Agroecosystems in relation to environmental and soil characteristics of the region, the weakness in the organization among the farmers, the narrow market for the sale restricted to the middleman, the heavy dependence on external inputs to the system resulting from a conventional farming, the use of pesticides banned, the impairment of water resources and public health of residents for limited use in the preservation of water sources and lack of sanitation. These factors indicate that the diagnosed type of agriculture currently practiced in the region is undermining the sustainability of Agroecosystems due to the degradation of natural resources and, consequently, of their own agricultural activities in the watershed.
Caracterização da produção e avaliação de indicadores de qualidade tecnológica de amostras de melado do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-08-16)
Silva, Mariane Martins Pereira da
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Borges, Maria Teresa Mendes Ribeiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1800048119205212
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1083005939009933
The molasses, a syrup made from the juice of sugarcane juice, is a sweet liquid, nutritious, homemade and very popular in the Northeast Region of Brazil. It is few explored by small farmers in São Paulo State and, because this, the present study aimed to identify how is the professional involved in its production at São Paulo State through a questionnaire. Whit the returns obtained from the questionnaires and the results of physicochemical analyzes, it can be concluded that few producers know the best way to produce molasses. It s necessary instruction and training for these to be able to exploit this market share.
Avaliação de modelos de sinterização por fluxo viscoso e determinação da taxa de crescimento de cristais e fração cristalizada em vidros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-08-16)
Reis, Raphael Midea Cuccovia Vasconcelos
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Zanotto, Edgar Dutra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1055167132036400
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9034852268717585
Glass-ceramics are materials obtained from the controlled crystallization of glass. The properties of these materials are controlled by the nature and proportions of the crystalline phases and residual glass present. Sintering with concurrent crystallization of glass powders is one of the routes for the development of these materials. One of the few models that describe sinter-crystallization is the Clusters model, which allows one to calculate the density of sintered compacts by knowing composition-dependent properties, such as viscosity (η), crystal growth rate (U) and surface tension (γ), and process-dependent parameters, such as particle size distribution and the density of surface nucleation sites (NS). The determination of input parameters for the model can be labor-intensive, which may difficult its use. In this work a critical assessment of the Clusters model and its bases was performed by checking its predictions against results of sintering of spherical and jagged diopside glass particles. Frenkel s model was capable of describing the initial stages of sintering only qualitatively, requiring an adjusting factor of ~1/3. With this correction, the Modified Clusters model described the powder densification in different conditions well. The effect of crystallization was slightly underestimated by the model, which could be explained by a mechanism of Ns increase in the pores surfaces as observed in a previous work. It has been demonstrated that the jagged particles increasingly round during the heat treatment causing the densification rate to gradually approximate that of spherical particles. Additionally, a model for the determination of crystallized fraction from the surface of particles was derived and can be applied for sintered particles or crystallization DSC studies. A new technique capable of the determination of the crystal growth rate in a temperature range using a single DSC run was developed and successfully tested for three different glasses.
Ondas de spin em paredes de domínio unidimensionais em monocamadas magnéticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-08-16)
Caprara, Leandro Peres
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Farinas, Paulo Eduardo Fornasari
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0309157540839329
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7222840232739649
Recent investigations on ferromagnetic monolayers predict the existence of spinwave modes without gap in the spectrum, even in the presence of anisotropy. These excitations propagate within the domain walls that exist in the monolayer, hence in quasione- dimensional structures. They are different from the known bulk-modes whose spectrum presents anisotropy gap and whose propagation may cover all the monolayer's extension. Moreover, since they do not have gap in the spectrum, the predicted modes are not associated to an activation temperature and must influence low-temperature observable physical properties. In the present work, a theoretical study is presented for a single ferromagnetic monolayer with domain walls and the response toan oscillating magnetic field. Gapless spin-wave modes' resonances are studied in the results.
Determinação de molibdênio em plantas combinando microextração e espectrometria de absorção atômica em chama
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-08-16)
Villamizar, Jenny Andrea Oviedo
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Nóbrega, Joaquim de Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8833989058164529
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5005205399281843
In this study, a procedure for the determination of low concentrations of molybdenum in plants by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) was developed. The poor sensitivity of FAAS for determination of refractory elements such as molybdenum, and the typical low levels of this micronutrient in plants require the use of a preliminary preconcentration step. The procedure was based on the solidified floating organic drop microextraction strategy (SFODME). This method was selected based on its simplicity, high enrichment factors and low consumption of organic solvents. Because of SFODME microvolume characteristics, the effect of the discrete introduction of samples in FAAS was studied. The following extraction parameters were evaluated: type and concentration of complexing agent, type of solvent, solvent volume, use of ultrasound or vortex in the extraction process, and effect of discrete nebulization. All parameters were evaluated considering their effects on sensitivity for the determination of molybdenum in plant samples by FAAS. The most critical effects were caused by the type of complexing agent, the use of vortex mixing and discrete nebulization. Prior to the microextraction procedure, Mo complexing conditions were optimized. A 0.5% m v-1 8- hydroxyquinoline solution at pH 4.75 adjusted with acetate buffer and complexing time of 10 min were the ideal experimental conditions. For the microextraction procedure, the highest enhancement factor for Mo was obtained with 60 μL of 1-undecanol and using the vortex mixer for 2 min. Appreciable sensitivity improvements were observed by combining microextraction, the introduction of discrete volumes of sample, and determination of Mo by FAAS. An enrichment factor of 67, limit of detection of 4.9 μg L-1 and limit of quantification of 16.4 μg L-1 were reached. The accuracy of the developed procedure was demonstrated by determining Mo in certified reference materials. Finally, the procedure was applied to samples of roots and leaves of corn.
Estudo do processo de soldagem por fricção por ponto da liga de magnésio AZ31
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-08-17)
Campanelli, Leonardo Contri
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Alcântara, Nelson Guedes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3123107570992184
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8983259236829248
The great potential of magnesium alloys on reducing structural weight and therefore contributing with energy efficiency of transportation facilities has mainly attracted the automotive and aeronautic industries. The difficulty of joining such materials is one of the biggest challenges to overcome, expanding opportunities for solid state welding technologies. This work was carried out to study the feasibility of joining AZ31 magnesium alloy by friction spot welding (FSpW) process. The purpose was to evaluate the influence of the process parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of the welded joints, as well as to comprehend the fracture behaviors of the welds under shear loading and to optimize the welding process. The joints were produced in overlap configuration through different combinations of parameters, which were established by statistical methods for design of experiments, and later submitted to mechanical and metallurgical characterization. For assessing the failure mechanisms, modeling and simulation of stress distribution around the weld during lap shear test were performed. The results confirmed the possibility of joining AZ31 alloy through FSpW, as well as the superiority when compared to friction stir spot welding (FSSW) process. Although the change on the tool profile had shown a significant effect over the process parameters and weld strength, the maximum load values demonstrated the robustness of the welding process. Microstructural regions exhibited an enhanced level of uniformity, with the exception of recrystallized zone. Mechanical behavior presented a strong dependence on metallurgical features arising from the flow of plasticized material, which were identified as bonding lines and hook, as well as the condition of material stirring. The flexural loading associated to the inaccurate alignment of the welded specimen emerged as an operational variable, also influencing the crack propagation path.
Análise proteômica diferencial da fração periplasmática das estirpes A, B e C de Xanthomonas spp. que diferem na patogenicidade e espectro de citros hospedeiros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-08-17)
Zandonadi, Flávia da Silva
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Novo-Mansur, Maria Teresa Marques
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1198926223396748
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5382155221930516
The aim of this work was to perform differential proteomic analysis of the periplasmic protein profiles of the genome strains A, B and C of Xanthomonas spp, which differ in pathogenicity and host range of citrus. The strain Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xac) is the most virulent and infects all types of citrus, while the strain B (Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. aurantifolii, Xau-B) is less virulent and the strain C (Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. aurantifolii, Xau-C) has a unique citrus-host. The comparative proteomic analysis of Xau-B and Xau-C in relation to Xac can reveal genes and proteins involved in pathogenicity and host range of citrus, respectively. The strains A (Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri, Xac) and C (Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. aurantifolii, Xau-C) were grown in XAM-1, which is known to be a pathogenicity-inducing medium for Xac, and in a non-inducing pathogenicity (Nutrient Broth, NB). Proteins from both types (grown in triplicate using both media), were separated by bidimensional electrophoresis (2DPAGE) and the gels were stained using Coomassie Brilliant Blue R-250 and documented. A comparative analysis of the protein profiles of Xac and Xau-B, and Xac and Xau-C, grown in the same culture medium, was performed using ImageMaster Platinum software (GE Healthcare). Statistical analysis (ANOVA) revealed a large number of periplasmic proteins that presented type-specific or differential expression between the two bacteria. For the comparison between Xac and Xau-B we used the twodimensional Xau-B gels of periplasmic proteins obtained by Carnielli (2011). The differential spots between Xac and Xau-C, Xac and Xau-B that showed a significant differential expression (p <0.05) were isolated from gels and identified by ESI-QUADTOF mass spectrometry (LNBio, Campinas-SP), employing Xac, Xau-B and Xau-C databases. Several differentially expressed proteins between strains were identified for the different conditions studied, showing that some of them were strain-specific (approximately 10) while others were expressed in all strains, differing only in intensity. Those proteins potentially related to pathogenicity and citrus host were quantified using the software Scaffold v. 3.0, for the mass spectrometry data.The results showed that Xac, Xau-B, and Xau-C had remarkable differences between the periplasm protein profiles for both conditions, even under conditions of no induction of pathogenicity. The proteomics approach showed that even though the strains showed a different pattern of protein expression, the sequences of genes related to the differential proteins are present in all strains. Based on the proteomic analysis, proteins that showed remarkable differential expression between the genome strainswere selected, and its expression was evaluated by Western blot in periplasmic fraction of the bacteria. The data obtained in the the comparative proteomic analysis for the superoxide dismutase corroborated most quantitative results generated by the software Scaffold. This work showed that the proteomic analysis, combined with quantitative analysis tools, is an important tool that comes to complement genomic investigations designed to differentiate the species of Xanthomonas spp.
Análise da evolução da dinâmica de uma cultura de neurônios dissociados em matriz de microeletrodos usando Coerência Parcial Direcionada e Redes Complexas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-08-18)
Rodriguez, Mayra Mercedes Zegarra
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Saito, José Hiroki
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7065615446493390
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1930706344438941
Multi-Electrode Array, MEA, was developed more than thirty years ago. This planar device of multiple microelectrodes has been used to detect local electric potential variations created by the ion movement through the protein channels that traverses the cell membranes in the near neighborhood. MEA offers the possibility of non invasive registering of the cell and their network s activities, allowing to know how the neurons start to connect through the synapses forming a network and generating spontaneous electrophysiological activities. In order to understand the neural network dynamics in face of the spontaneous activities and its evolution in dissociated hippocampal cell cultures, important properties in the synaptic plasticity, in this work it is proposed the analysis of the evolution and modeling of the hippocampal cell cultures in MEA using the theory of Partial Directed Coherence and Complex Networks. There were used the electrophysiological records obtained using MEA60 System, of the dissociated neurons of 18 days old Wistar rat embyo, in an experiment denoted as 371, realized at the University of Genoa, Italy. As the results obtained using the Partial Directed Coherence approach, it was verified that the method is capable to detect neuronal connectivity in the neuron cultures using MEA, even with the noisy signals. It was also verified that different time delays between signals during application of the PDC method do not affect directly on the results of the causality. PDC allowed to show that in MEA the amount of direct connections resulted is less than the amount of indirect connections, through the microelectrodes. This can indicate that the neurons prefer to communicate through existing connections than creating new connections. It was also observed that it is easier to lose direct connections than indirect connections between microelectrodes through the time. Through the experiments it can be observed that the culture in 25 DIV (Days In Vitro) developed more amount of connections between neighboring electrodes, with less overall connections than the culture in 46 DIV, that had more overall connections with less neighborhood connections. Since one of the PDC features is the directionality detection between connections, it was observed direction changes through the connections through the time, even though we do not know the physiological meaning of these changes in the cognitive process. It was also observed that the established connections do not follow random patterns, showing an indicative of a free scale network, although we used small statistical measures to characterize the networks.
Potenciais e demandas para o desenvolvimento da agroecologia na região da bacia do Alto Sorocaba-Médio Tietê: ações, instituições e inserção junto à agricultura familiar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-08-19)
Gonçalves, Pedro Kawamura
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Franco, Fernando Silveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3218633711361955
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4330598956461380
The current situation of social and environmental degradation observed in rural areas of Brazil derives from a historical multidimensional process involving strong political and economic interests, where the techniques and ideas of the "Green Revolution" justify the propagation of inequities in land ownership and agricultural policies country. This process culminates in the current title of world's largest consumer of pesticides, coupled with the rapid advancement of transgenic seeds, increasingly threatening the autonomy of agriculture and food security in the country. Faced with this, Agroecology emerges as a science engaged in the transformation of social reality in the field, adding knowledge, multidisciplinary actors and social movements. This work was conducted in the Upper Sorocaba/ Middle Tietê Basin, a region with a strong presence of family farming. We sought to understand the situation of family farming and the insertion of Agroecology among this audience. Also sought to systematize learnings and indicate preferential paths for the continuity of actions involving the thematic of Agroforestry Systems, agroecological extension and environmental regularization of farms, as important components of a process of agroecological transition. There has been a considerable advance in associativism in the region, driven primarily by governmental programs of institutional purchase (PAA and school meals), which also show the potential to stimulate the transition to organic agriculture. Virtually no other public policy is recognized as important for this audience. The failure of the structure of public ATER is recognized, and noted a decrease in their staff in recent years. After decades of difficulties in marketing , lack of political support , lack of credit and cultural devaluation, the farmer 's children launch themselves to work in the city , endangering the reproduction of family farming . Faced with this, the main strategies and demands of farmers groups converge to the viability of the market , the primary source of income for families . Although there are examples of technical and economic success of pioneer farmers in organic agriculture in the region, we note that few institutions have actions to stimulate this type of agriculture, prevailing prejudices and misinformation about its technical and economic feasibility. The study of the projects showed that third-sector institutions and universities are responsible for innovative actions in agroforestry systems as forms of land use and for the recovery of degraded areas. It is considered that more continuous actions are needed to consolidate this form of land use, which has the ability to bring economic, social and environmental benefits in the short, medium and long term for the families involved. The group of institutions that have recently articulated around Sorocabana Agroecology Network show potential to advance in the aspects of teaching, research and extension in sustainable agriculture, to deal with regional demands to advancing this paradigm with the family farm, which are: need for certification; establishing solidarity markets, consolidation and exchange experiences; technical monitoring of farmers.
Relações interorganizacionais de uma empresa que atua nos segmentos automotivo e de linha branca: análises de elos à montante e à jusante
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-08-20)
Santos, Selma Regina Simões
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Truzzi, Oswaldo Mário Serra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5005536921435787
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0611274404316047
This survey aims to investigate the inter-organizational relationships of a company that in a same industrial plant, concentrates its activities into two distinct markets: the automotive and white goods. Therefore, its purpose is to identify and detail how different requirements of different economic sectors, characterized by unequal positions in supply chain and by physical flows and quirky information, interfere in the organizational design of a company that operates directly in two chains. To meet this goal, there was the selection of up-and downstream links, that is, suppliers and customers of the automotive and white goods market. Soon, was set a case study involving four suppliers and six central enterprise customers. The empirical clipping adopted contemplated the construction of immediate central chain company by which flow all interorganizational relations selected. The comparative research of upstream and downstream relationships occurred through questionnaires that sought to identify and translate the central company interactions with selected organizations, as well as to clarify their form of simultaneous actions in the sectors of automotive, white goods and with support of the theories of supply chain, supply chain management and networks. In summary, the results of this research showed that the company central: (1) Gets cost advantages in its operations in the automotive and white goods segment, on the basis of complementarities; (2) presents an organizational design shaped by the way in which production is performed to company C (b) 1, for the different sectors, by his training and entry into the market, by productive restructuring processes occurring in the white line and automotive markets, for its strategic options and by its placement in the automotive supply chain and white line; (3) when you join at the first level of the automotive supply chain had access to a large number of challenges and opportunities that, if properly addressed, will configure itself in a growth, characterized by structural changes that will include a new dimensioning of your strategic business units in order to remodel your current organizational design, as well as their relationships with customers and suppliers.
Escola Alegria de Saber: uma escola brasileira no Japão (1995-2011)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-08-20)
Brito, Cláudia Regina de
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Buffa, Ester
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8030452899686488
This study aims to analyze Brazilian educational institutions located in Japan focusing on the institution Escola Alegria de Saber - EAS, established in 1995. These institutions were established to meet the demands for schooling for the children of Brazilian immigrants, known as dekassegui workers. The investigation revealed the migration process throughout the 20th and 21st centuries, mainly between 1980 and 2009, the period in which occurred the migration process of Nipo-Brazilians to Japan. In order to build the object of study the following goals were pursued: unveiling what led to the establishment of Brazilian educational institutions in Japan; reconstructing the history of the school Escola Alegria de Saber - EAS, understanding its constituent elements; verifying what motivated the Japanese government to draw educational policies which allow flexibility in establishing Brazilian schools, even granting the title of "Miscellaneous school" ; and considering the approval of the reports issued by the National Council of Education, the Ministry of Education in Brazil, validating the educational institutions in Japan This research expands previous studies, in which the Japanese migration to Brazil as cheap labor was investigated. Emphasis was given to the construction of Japanese ethnicity in relation to the surrounding society. The migration developed between these countries was motivated by economic interests, which is defined as a movement marked by departure and return of the same generation and their descendants, in a short period of time. The research examined the migrant´s condition facing adverse situations and social relations which are established and define them as a group. In addition the research concentrated on tracing the group´s similarities in the movements of departure and return, especially regarding the implementation of schools for descendants, which include guidelines and legal requirements from the home country, reinforcing the idea of returning to the country. This study also examined conflicting experiences especially in times of economic crisis when this group is harassed and treated like foreigners or merely as labor. The group has become resilient, tackling the barriers and in reaction use the term gambarê as a symbolic strategy for survival. The research was analyzed in the light of the narrow and inseparable relationship between specific, singular and universal, establishing the mediations between the object of research, within social and historical trends of the dominant social organization, that is, capitalist society. The sources used were obtained in documents, bibliographies and semi-structured interviews, resulting form field work conducted in Japan. The work was completed with the understanding that in Japan, the Nipo Brazilians realize they are different from the Japanese. The opposition between natives and foreigners are build due to social representations which differentiate them. Moreover they perceive themselves as hired labor and the importance in maintaining educational institutions for their descendants, since the Japanese school does not meet everyone´s needs and demands.
Efeitos de uma capacitação sobre envolvimento familiar para estagiários em fisioterapia neuropediátrica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-08-21)
Gennaro, Lisandrea Rodrigues Menegasso
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Barham, Elizabeth Joan
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9868595523538592
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7485397999917010
The research literature indicates that the relationship between physiotherapists and family caregivers of children with neurological disorders has a significant impact on the efficacy of the children s treatment. However, the fragmentation of knowledge and the tendency to over-specialize can result in the preparation of professionals who understand organic pathology and treatment techniques, but who lack skills to deal with the interpersonal and educational issues that underlie their relationship with the children s family caregivers. In addition, very few researchers have published studies analyzing the effectiveness of strategies that physiotherapists could be used to increase the involvement of family caregivers. As such, the objectives of the current research program were to: a) identify physiotherapy practicum students conceptions about (Study1) and abilities (Study 2) to involve a child s family member in the treatment process, and b) evaluate an intervention program that was designed to increase the students abilities to involve family caregivers in this process (Study 3). The research program was conducted with physiotherapy practicum students from a high-caliber course, who were working in a university clinic. Study 1 was conducted with 10 students, using semi-structured interviews. The students recognized the importance of including a family member in the treatment of children, but they perceived their preparation to deal with this family member as being insufficient. In Study 2, seven students were filmed when they were in the presence of the caregivers, over the course of four weeks. In 34 of the 73 film segments (46.5%), the students did not interact with the family caregivers. The students spoke with the caregivers in 26 film segments (33%), primarily to initiate and maintain a conversation (n = 18) or to ask questions (n = 9). Thus, the results of Studies 1 and 2 indicated the need for an intervention program for this population. In Study 3, such a training program was evaluated. The eight-hour program aimed to teach basic skills related to behavior analysis, family-centered practices, and social skills. Participants included 5 practicum students. Each training program session included a pre-test on the concepts that were to be learned, a teaching segment to explain these concepts, interactive tasks, practice exercises and a post-test. Based on a comparison of the results on the pre and post-tests, it was apparent that the students acquired new knowledge during the program. A comparison of film segments recorded at the beginning and the end of the training program indicated that the students increased their use of the following strategies to involve the children s family caregivers: provide feedback, ask for assistance with an exercise, offer praise, converse, and ask questions. In addition, the film segments for the group of students who completed the intervention program (IG), were compared with the film segments from Study 2, using these students as a comparison group (CG). The behavior of both groups in the initial film segments was highly similar, but, one month later, the ability of the IG students to involve the caregivers was greater than that of the CG students. Thus, the results indicate that the intervention was effective. As such, it would be important to continue applying this intervention so as to evaluate the effects for a larger number of participants, and to conduct a follow-up study to verify the permanency of the behaviors that are acquired. In conclusion, this research program constitutes an example of an interdisciplinary approach to the training of physiotherapists, aligned with the philosophy of a universal health system, aiming for a holistic approach and excellence in caring for children with neurological disorders and for their families.
Políticas públicas habitacionais para idosos : um estudo sobre os condomínios exclusivos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-08-21)
Monteiro, Luzia Cristina Antoniossi
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Francisco, José
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0330065027402518
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2890278808923978
Brazil is facing severe problems in relation to urban spaces theme. Some age groups such as the elderly have found more difficulties to ensure their socio-spatial integration. This issue, combined with the demand for proper housing and the exponential increase in the number of people aged over sixty years are causing a new challenge for Brazil in the XXI century: the responsibility to implement appropriate public policies for the inclusion of the elderly population in cities. Building the house" is not enough; we must effect new forms of housing that enable inclusion and social participation. The aim of this study was to analyze the typology of exclusive condominiums for elderly, among the modalities of public housing policies identified in the literature review and legislation. Four condominiums have been analyzed, performing visits in locus for interviewing managers and elderly residents. The condos selected for analysis have as a reference the housing program of the State of Sao Paulo called Vila Dignidade , which adopts the concept of "assisted housing" aiming to provide, besides the house, social assistance, protection, accessibility, comfort and safety. The cities of Avaré and Itapeva were the first to inaugurate the housing units included in the program. On the other hand the other two analyzed condominiums, Vila dos Idosos-Pari in Sao Paulo and Recanto Feliz in Araraquara, predate the state policies but have interesting features since they were built on idle properties, or free deconstructed spaces that has relieved onus to the urban space, already so transformed by anthropical action. The results suggest the need to diversify housing models, in view of suiting the heterogeneity of the elderly and the resident s profile in each location. To make the policies efficient is necessary that the state fulfills its role to achieve the social rights of citizens involving in this task, the society, the family and the elderly person.