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A regulação social do trabalho em sistemas ERP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-04)
Ponce, Ana Maria Carlos
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Camarotto, João Alberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1427853773681255
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2391828882949322
The ERP - Enterprise Resource Planning is considered one of the most important strategies for organizations in a business scenario that reconfigures itself permanently. Most researches on this subject follows a pragmatic-interventionist orientation, predominantly, with an approach oriented to identify practices that could improve the results of ERP implementations for a series of organizational actors and few attentions has been directed to aspects of the regulation of work in the ERP environment. In this perspective, this work aims to verify how the regulation of activity by agents that interact directly with the ERP system occurs. The study was developed with the presupposition of the Theory of Organizational Act of Maggi, on three core issues: the transformation of task, coordination and cooperation. Other issues relevant to the study were addressed as the Ergonomics of the Activity. We performed a qualitative, descriptive research. For the stated purpose it was defined as a technical procedure of research the study of multiple cases. The choice of the companies fell upon those companies that adopted ERP system in the area of Planning and Production Scheduling, in different sectors of activities and that expressed a willingness to participate. With respect to data collection it were used multiple techniques: documentary, interviews and observation. The results showed that the ERP system does not include the variability of the production system and that the agents regulate the activity through the use of other tools.
Avaliação pancreática de animais submetidos à dieta hiperlipídica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-04)
Pisani, Graziéle Fernanda Deriggi
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Leal, Ângela Merice de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7202663545989206
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4835384433555310
The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is associated with insulin resistance (IR) and pancreatic β cells (β cells) defect. Adipose tissue modulates metabolism by releasing free fatty acids (FFA), glycerol, pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and hormones. The increased production of most of these factors compromises insulin action in target organs, leading to IR. The lack of β cell adaptation to IR leads to hyperglycemia and DM2. The mechanisms of β cell adaptation are not well established. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the morforlogical and functional patterns of the progression of IR and DM2 development in an animal model of obesity and DM2. Swiss mice were divided into two groups: control (C), received standard diet; HFD group, received high-fat diet. Glucose (GTT) and insulin (ITT) tolerance tests were performed tests at 3, 7, 11 and 15 weeks of diet regimen. Animals of both groups were sacrificed by decaptation at 4, 8 and 16 weeks of diet regimen and pancreatic tissue was analysed. Fasting glycemia and GTT and ITT responses were significantly different in HFD from C group. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that islets area increased and insulin expression decreased in islets of HFD group compared with C group. The expression of the anti-apoptotic factor, Bcl-2, and the concentration of the citokines, TNF-α (factor tumor necrosis factor-α) and IL-1β (interleukin-1β) determinated in pancreatic homogenate by ELISA were not different in the groups. The results indicate that high-fat diet regimen induces pancreatic morphological and functional derangements associated with the development of DM2 in swiss mice. The study also suggests that TNF-α, IL-1β and Bcl-2 are not involved in the pathogenesis of DM2 in this model.
Estudo de primeiros princípios das propriedades eletrônicas de novos materiais derivados do grafeno : as nanofitas e nanofios
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-05)
Oeiras, Rodrigo Yoshikawa
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Moreira, Fernando Manuel Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1809254923092721
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7950372795840464
In this thesis, we study new materials derived from graphene, like nanowires and nanoribbons, with numerical calculations based on the density functional theory (DFT) and the non-equilibrium Green functions (NEGF). We will discuss these theories in general and we remark that these theories are based on quantum mechanical. The results of this study indicate that the carbon ribbons and carbon wires present interesting and not predictable structural properties. The analysis of the density of stated (DOS) and its variants (LDOs, PDOS, and COOP), provides the basis for understanding the structural properties and the electronic structure of the wires and ribbons. Whenever possible, we compare the results obtained with DFT and NEGF with simpler theories, such as the valence orbital theory and the molecular orbital theory. The results show that the transport current is robust and presents an anisotropy in transmission of electrons, indicating these materials are candidates for fabrication of electronic devices, such as transistors.
“Xupa, CAASO!” : masculinidades e relações de gênero na Associação Atlética Acadêmica da UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-06)
Floeter, Guilherme Saade
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Escudeiro, Richard Miskolci
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1623888309974862
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4629950323228339
This study, done from a ethnographic research (participant observation and interviews) undertaken among undergraduate students of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), specifically those who participates in the Academic Athletic Association (AAA), presents as main object to analyze how these students show in their practices and discourses within the university environment, the construction of the masculinity(ies) based on gender relations. From the rivalry between UFSCar and USP campus in São Carlos, we try to show how there is a process of gendering and sexualization of both institutions, culminating in the construction of two regulatory poles of gender intelligibility: in one hand, USP, seen as masculine space, because the vast majority of their courses, Engineering, is allocated in the area of Exact Sciences, supposedly more rational and men (heterosexual); and in the other, the UFSCar, university composed of Humanities courses Biological and, in addition to Exact Sciences, and therefore supposed place of women, sensitivity and lack of rationality. Such rivalry, as will be exposed in the text, is not between the two institutions, but among men who are part of them, which shows a continuous process of construction of masculinities, crossed by misogynistic and homophobic speeches, where the constant effort is to reject, deny and ridicule everything that approaches the female pole and homosexuality.
Relatos, trajetórias e imagens: uma etnografia em construção sobre os Ye'pâ-masa do baixo Uaupés (alto rio Negro)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-06)
Rodrigues, Raphael
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Andrello, Geraldo Luciano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5447074379881029
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5658153163114667
This study aimed to observe the motivations of an indigenous leader of the Northwest Amazon, Maximilian Menezes, in his desire to produce a written record of the Inapéporã s trajectory and placement of hierarchical, one of about forty clans tukano. From the collection of mythical and historical narratives attempted to recover the trajectory of this group from the river Papuri toward the lower river Uaupes contributing thereby to a greater understanding of the ethno-sociological conformation of this region. The history of the community of Ananás, where Max was born, and where co-lived with another tukano clan, the Sanadepó-porã, was rebuilt, in part, from these oral histories and historical sources, mainly. We tried to observe, from conflicting reports of episodes involving specific movements related to shamanism and scatter some of the groups own dynamic tukano regarding mainly the formation of communities, micro-politics of affinity and co-residence between agnatic groups. This paper revisits classic themes of regional literature as hierarchy, social organization, cosmology, and is constituted as a starting point for research collaboration marked mainly by the fluidity between native and anthropological knowledge.
Estudo da dinâmica populacional e interações biológicas de Dendrocephalus brasiliensis (Pesta, 1921) em ambientes experimentais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-06)
Paccagnella, Yeda Carolina
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Melão, Maria da Graça Gama
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8342306603661310
The planet Earth is facing a serious crisis of the biodiversity loss. Often, human activities are responsible for biological invasions that alter significantly the various ecosystems and could lead to the extinction of native species. Dendrocephalus brasiliensis ( branconeta ) is a native freshwater Anostraca species, which has been studied and used in aquaculture to replace the brine shrimp originating from saline environments. Its occurrence in natural environments was recorded in Brazilian southeast and northeast regions, from the city of Urucuia-MG to Piauí State. However, there are records of its accidental introduction into fish ponds in São Paulo state, cities of Tabatinga and Arealva. The goal of this work is the study of the interactions of competition and predation / herbivory between D. brasiliensis and other planktonic species native of São Paulo in order to assess the possible impacts of a possible introduction of this species in natural environments where it does not occur originally. This study was conducted in an experimental system (10.000L tank) in Aquaculture Station of Department of Hydrobiology (EA-DHb), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil. Initially, the experimental tank was inoculated with the green algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata grown in laboratory. After the establishment of phytoplankton, zooplankton species were collected in limnic ecosystems of São Paulo state, in particular near São Carlos (June and July/2011), for the establishment of a zooplankton community in the experimental tank. Zooplankton succession in the tank was monitored for 133days before the introduction of branconeta. To evaluate the interaction of D. brasiliensis with other zooplankton species, the experimental tank was divided in two equal compartments that do not communicate to each other: one of them was kept with the original composition of the zooplankton, while in the other, cysts of the anostracean were introduced. In both experimental compartments samples were collected daily during 39 days, for quantitative and qualitative analyzes of zooplankton community, besides chlorophyll a, physical and chemical variables. The environmental variables were correlated to zooplankton groups using the statistical method of Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). Numerical densities of Cladocera and Copepoda groups decreased in the presence of D. brasiliensis. We can conclude that the presence of D. brasiliensis does not exclude but significantly alters the composition and density of the plankton community.
A cor de queima dos suportes de porcelanatos esmaltados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-10)
Conserva, Lisandra Rafaela dos Santos
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Boschi, Anselmo Ortega
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3259846931278607
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7757508543729131
Brazil is a protagonist in the market of ceramic tiles. Porcelain stoneware is part of this supply chain with added value due to its excellent technical and aesthetic features, which higher acceptance in the market. Although the color of the holder is no longer visible after application of the porcelain stoneware enameled, it is critical to the consumer: the whiteness seems to be greater value and product quality. Reddish hues are directly related to the content of chromophores ions from raw materials, mainly present in clays and phyllites, which are the major components of the mass. Accordingly, it is essential to study conditions permitting the use of raw materials with a content of chromophores ions not so restricted. Thus, this study was divided into two stages. At first several typical porcelain stoneware masses were evaluated in differents firing temperatures. Data were organized in order to identify the main variables that affect the color of burning. In the second stage, procedures were conducted in order to evaluate the efficiency of maneuvers that can improve the tone of stoneware, enabling the use of masses with higher content in chromophores ions than usual, by simple methods and readily applicable to industry. The results obtained contributed to the identification of variables responsible for color formation and found that is possible the use of raw materials with levels of chromophore ions relatively high.
Efeitos periféricos e centrais decorrentes da exposição à cocaína e testosterona em ratos adolescentes e adultos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-11)
Engi, Sheila Antonagi
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Planeta, Cleopatra da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8519239093983320
Drug abuse is considered a major public health problem in the world. The use of cocaine and anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) has increased in Brazil. Epidemiological studies indicate that adolescents are more vulnerable than adults to progress from the occasional use of drugs to dependence and that teenagers have a higher incidence of cocaine and testosterone abuse. There is evidence that testosterone can modify the acute effects of cocaine and increase dopaminergic transmission that could lead to behavioral cross-sensitization. Studies have shown that the use of cocaine or ASS promotes toxicity to the heart and liver. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to investigate: 1) whether the prior administration of AAS could cause cross-sensitization with cocaine and thereby increase the vulnerability to abuse and dependence to this psychostimulant, 2) the cardiovascular effects resulted from chronic use of these substances combined and 3) the toxic effects resulted from chronic use of these substances combined. In this way, our results showed that chronic administration of testosterone caused cross-sensitization to cocaine in adolescent, but not in adult rats. And that the combined chronic administration of testosterone and cocaine caused increased MAP, SAP and DAP in adult, but not in adolescent rats. Furthermore, our results showed that the chronic testosterone and cocaine administration caused no damages to liver cellules but caused severe damages to heart tissue in adolescent and adult rats.
Módulo elástico como ferramenta para o acompanhamento de transformações in situ e desenvolvimento de concretos refratários
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-12)
Souza, Tiago Marcolino de
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Pandolfelli, Victor Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369376873984839
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6302194006113059
Refractory castables are multiphase materials usually exhibiting complex heterogeneous microstructures, which have their mechanical strength affected by chemical and structural changes. These microstructural changes directly affect the Young s modulus, as this property is strongly dependent on the chemical bonds, crystalline structure and flaws, such as porosity and cracks. For the Al2O3-MgO system, two transformations can be highlighted: the volumetric expansion associated with the magnesia hydration and the in situ spinel formation, both can play a role by increasing or decreasing the castable s embrittlement depending on the resulting expansion. Considering this aspect, the addition of MgO sources with different reactivity in refractory castables was evaluated during curing and drying steps. As a result, different routes for magnesia s sources addition to the castables, without the usual damage caused by MgO hydration, are presented in this work. The addition of acetic acid sped up the brucite precipitation, inducing the formation of a resilient structure able to inhibit the stresses generation. Additionally, the effect of mineralizing or densification compounds on spinel-forming castables and the microstructural evolution of refractory castables containing different MgO sources, colloidal binders or high-carbon content were assessed during the thermal treatment by hot Young s modulus measurements using the resonance bar technique. The attained results highlight the technique s broad feature and accuracy for the development of refractory materials. The MgF2 and magnesium borate addition sped up the spinel formation, whereas TiO2 led to lower expansion values and greater rigidity at high temperatures, all of them as promising alternatives to master the castable s microstructure design. For the nano-bonded castables, the sintering additive addition further enhanced the Young s modulus resulting in high-performance refractories. Additionally, the elastic modulus measurements were able to evaluate the antioxidants effect in high-carbon containing castables and to identify the mechanisms of crack healing (during heating) and opening (during cooling).
Monitoramento de Ambientes Virtuais Distribuídos com suporte a clientes sob projeção única e multiprojeção
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-12)
Penteado, Maurício Giacomini
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Trevelin, Luis Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5082419783043736
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3558493336659272
Immersive, interactive, and collaborative distributed applications, due to their real time and multi-platform characteristics, require a monitoring structure of their functionalities during the development period, which is not fully available in the current monitoring systems, which are usually specific of the languages and platforms in which they are made available. Monitoring systems that require synchronism of distributed objects during the processing is a complex task. Especially in distributed systems from multi-projection where timing is critical to its operation. It is often difficult to check the correct execution of the system. It might be useful for developers and users of such systems to have the ability of identifying, for example, if the reason for the system delay is due to the abusive use of a resource or due to programming mistakes; the identification of which object has crashed, compromising the system as a whole. Distributed object systems, also known as SOA (Service Oriented Architecture), generally use middleware of the broker type in their infrastructure and can have a dynamic number of connected clients or servers when running. There are, in the literature, several tools for the monitoring of performance, resources, debugging, and support, among others, of such systems. Nevertheless, the tools available in the literature are limited to programming languages or platforms that are able to process the monitoring agents related to them. In this work, a tool for the monitoring of distributed object systems is proposed, based on communication described in XML documents, which allows language and platform independence in the such systems development. A structure for the design of tools for the monitoring of distributed object systems is proposed, based on communication described in XML documents, which allows language and platform independence in the such systems development. In addition to the structure that is theoretically founded, the conception of a tool is structured in the manner described and proven in monitoring data from a case study.
Condutividade iônica e atividade termodinâmica em vidros x AgI (1-x) AgPO3, 0 ≤ x ≤ 0,5
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-14)
Bragatto, Caio Barca
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Rodrigues, Ana Candida Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4499231813051400
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5833076761496241
The ionic conductivity in solids is known since the 19th century, but the mechanisms of charge carriers transportation in amorphus solids is not yet fully known. The control of ths property is especially important for the development of fast ionic conductors (FICs) that can be applied in cell storage in electrochemical cells or in selective membranes. Through the dissolution of halogenate salts in a vitreous matrix, we can observe an increase of up to five orders of magnitude in the ionic conductivity of some glasses. To investigate this great variation of ionic conductivity, we propose a model based in the “weak electrolyte theory”. This theory, that says that the glass is a solution where the modifier (solute) is weakly dissociated in the vitreous matrix (solvent), was proposed in the 70’s to explain the non-linear increase of ionic conductivity in glasses with the increase of network modifiers (alkaline oxides). Were sintetized glasses from the family x AgI (1-x) AgPO3. The characterization showed interesting results, specially in the x ray diffraction, with the detection of a second amorfous halo for compositions with higher AgI content. Also, were realized impedance spectroscopy measurements, with a wide range of temperature, to determine the conductivity of the samples. To verify the proposed model, we proposed an experiment based in electrochemical cells, in wich we relate the electromotive force with chemical activity of AgI in the glass. We tested two methods to measure the activity of AgI: the first uses two batteries – one wich is a reference, using pure AgI, and the second with the glasses x AgI (1-x) AgPO3 . The second method is a concentration cell.
Desenvolvimento de borracha termoplástica por vulcanização dinâmica. TPV-(NBR+PP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-14)
Herrera, Julio César Alzate
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Pessan, Luiz Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8276650236213537
The union of technology of thermoplastic and rubber has contributed to the development of thermoplastic elastomers (TPE), which was evidenced through the study of patents in TPE in the last 20 years, where Japan and the United States are the leaders. Trends in TPE are: modification to polymer structure in styrenic TPEs in order to employ the dynamic vulcanization, use of nanofibres and nanoclays, and resists oil TPEs using hydrogenated nitrile rubber to improve the properties of hot air and aging. The main variables in the development of TPE should take into account the surface energy the thermoplastic and elastomer, the elastomer entanglement, crystallinity of thermoplastic, proportions of the thermoplastic and compatibilizer. Typically the articles produced with nitrile, may be obtained using the technology or conventional rubbers (vulcanized), and not having possibility of recycling of defective products and materials vulcanizates. The purpose is to develop a thermoplastic nitrile rubber by dynamic vulcanization (TPV-(NBR + PP)) using conventional techniques for mixing between nitrile rubber and polypropylene. The development of nitrile rubber thermoplastic by dynamic vulcanization, TPV (NBR+PP) were studied with variation of vulcanization system, variation of proportion of NBR/PP and type of compatibilizer. The main results on development of TPV-(NBR+PP) were obtained with the use of system of vulcanization type phenolic resin, with compatibilizer Ph-PP and with 4,0phr of amine (6PPD). Developed a nitrile rubber thermoplastic by dynamic vulcanization (TPV-(NBR + PP)) with good performance in reprocessabilidade, using equipment and techniques conventional thermoplastic processing, which will help to satisfy the demands of industry.
Esboço de uma rede de cooperação em um arranjo produtivo local na indústria calçadista paulista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-14)
Queiroz, Timóteo Ramos
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Côrtes, Mauro Rocha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6281411676195221
Clusters of companies have been widely studied by gains from the actors that compose them. However, the strong bias for such studies still fall on the economic benefits and very little to address the attributes of social relationships that constitute, integrate and maintain such networks. So, we decided to studies and surveys of clusters, choosing to focus on Local Productive Arrangements (APLs), among the many possible configurations. In order to advance this work in this area has focused on design, characterize and analyze the networks of cooperation between industrial companies in a Local Productive Arrangement (APL) are the footwear of Sao Paulo. It then took the footwear cluster at Jaú, State of São Paulo. The method used for data collection was a questionnaire on the spot for the key players that made up the network and then sending structured questionnaires to companies. The data generated were converted into ordinal qualitative variables, so that it is possible to use the software UCINET version 6.283, to design and measurement network. The analysis provided an understanding and measurement of the relationship networks of enterprises and the network present in APL. It turned out that the social motives for cooperative action by the companies were classified as the same weight as economic reasons.
Efeitos da alimentação/digestão e do jejum prolongado sobre a função cardíaca de cascavéis, Crotalus durissus terrificus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-14)
Paula, Gabrielle Silveira de
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Kalinin, Ana Lúcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5493936744279888
Some snakes have the ability to survive long periods without food and are capable to ingest large meal size. The ingestion of proportionally large preys triggers an expressive increase on the oxidative metabolic demand (SDA Specific Dinamic Action) which can become several times higher than the resting metabolic rate. The two described extreme situations might lead to cardiac changes to adapt structure and function in order to afford these two opposite physiological demands. During long food deprivation (Phase III), the depletion of the body structure may affect the heart muscle. That should be reverted to the SDA and prevent an overload on cardiovascular system. The standard cardiac function of South-american Rattlesnake, Crotalus durissus terrificus, was described as well as the changes caused by long term food deprivation and SDA. The importance of sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX), functionality of sarcoplasmic reticulum, extracellular calcium dependence and the effect of adrenergic stimulation were tested in adult animals at 30°C, under three different metabolic states: postabsorptive, SDA peak and food deprivation. The ventricular mass does not change after food deprivation and SDA. The force of contraction was higher in the base of the heart if compared to the apex, but there is no difference among the experimental groups and it is probably reflex of the fiber orientation in each region of the ventricle. The sarcoplasmatic reticulum is functional in all groups, but the dependence of reticular calcium is lower during starvation compared to the other groups. Muscle contraction is mostly supported by the extracellular Ca2+. The NCX have minor contribution to force generation (20%) but has a major role pumping calcium out of the cell (faster than SERCA). The increase in extracellular Ca2+ concentration during digestion can augment twitch force and would represent a contractile advantage to support the increased cardiac work without the development of hypertrophy. The adrenergic stimulation produced sustained increase in Fc for a wide range of stimulation frequencies in all the tested groups.
Síntese da zeólita Beta usando planejamento experimental e emprego na isomerização do n-hexano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-14)
Oliveira, Kátia Dionísio de
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Cardoso, Dilson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2462847535959232
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6620016276509499
This work aimed to apply the Design Of Experiment (DOE) methodology as an auxiliary tool to evaluate the conditions of synthesis of the aluminum-rich zeolite Beta. Bimetallic catalysts with 50% platinum and 50% nickel (50Pt50Ni) supported on zeolites with various Si/Al ratios were synthesized, characterized and evaluated in the isomerization of n-hexane. In the first part of this work, five variables related to the synthesis of zeolite Beta were evaluated by a series of statistical designs, in which the response variables were the relative intensities of the X-ray patterns and the yield of phase BEA. The results of the t-test showed that the ratio TEAOH/SiO2 is not significant for the formation and crystallization of zeolite Beta. However, the interaction of this variable with the Si/Al ratio was statistically significant. In order to obtain the aluminum-rich zeolite Beta, the samples were synthesized with partial substitution of cations TEA+ by cations Na+. The XRD patterns of these samples showed that BEA phase was formed using a Si/Al ratio of 5,0 and 7.5. These low values of Si/Al ratio were confirmed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Information about the main properties of the 50Pt50Ni catalysts such as activity, conversion and selectivity to di-branched isomers in the isomerization of n-hexane were obtained by performing catalytic tests. Concerning these properties, the catalysts supported on the synthesized zeolite Beta (Si/Al = 7.5) showed better catalytic performance compared with catalysts supported on commercial zeolite Beta (Si/Al = 9.0). Additionally to these tests, a study on the kinetics of reduction of ions Pt2+ and Ni2+ on these catalysts was conducted using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The combination of XAS analysis and catalytic tests showed the importance of maintaining a bimetallic platinum and nickel system in order to obtain satisfactory performance of catalysts applied to the isomerization of n-hexane. The XAS results suggested that Pt2+ ions are reduced in lower temperatures compared to Ni2+ ions, and that the addition of platinum to the nickel-based samples promoted the reduction of Ni2+ ions. The catalytic results suggested that equilibrium between acid and metal sites exists during the isomerization of n-hexane. The understanding of this equilibrium is of major importance to increase the yield and selectivity to di-branched isomers.
Seções de choque da interação de elétrons de energias intermediárias com moléculas poliatômicas e constituintes do DNA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-14)
Sugohara, Renato Takeshi
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Iga, Ione
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8934634344275868
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8807948509480699
Elastic Differential Cross Sections (EDCS) were measured for the interaction of electrons in the incident energy range of 100-1000 eV, with several polyatomic molecules, namely: ethane (C2H6), propane (C3H8), methanol (CH3OH), ethanol (C2H5OH), sulfur dioxide (SO2), tetramethylsilane - TMS (C4H12Si), tetrahydrofuran - THF (C4H8O), trimethylphosphate - TMP (C3H9O4P) and ethyl acetate (C4H8O2). Crossed beam geometry is used and the intensities of elastically scattered electrons selected by a retarding field analyzer are measured as function of the scattering angles. The covered angular range is from 5to 130and the relative flow technique is used to normalize experimental scattered intensities to absolute scale. The secondary standards are Ar and N2. Only for TMP the normalization to absolute scale relied on theoretical values calculated with the Independent Atom Model (IAM). The EDCS curve was manually extrapolated to generate data in the forward and backward directions that were not covered experimentally. The full curve of EDCS from 0º to 180º was then integrated to give the Integral Elastic Cross Sections (IECS) and Momentum Transfer Cross Section (MTCS) in the 100 1000 eV interval. Part of results of this study has already appeared in scientific articles in the specialized literature. The results are new for TMP and ethyl acetate. The present experimental values of EDCS, IECS and MTCS are reported in comparison with available data. There was no experimental data in the literature to be compared with our measurements, in the 200 1000 eV except for THF. The theoretical data used for comparison are based on the Schwinger Variational Iterative Method (SVIM) and the Pade Approximant with the computer code EpolyScatD. In addition, the IAM and the Additivity Rule (AR) were also used to generate theoretical EDCS values. In general, a good agreement was seen between theoretical and experimental values. This study points out the importance of inclusion of the absorption effects in the optical potential, especially for intermediate energy electrons and scattering angles above 20º.
Indicadores de qualidade na Educação : um estudo a partir do PISA e da TALIS
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-14)
Corradini, Suely Nercessian
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Tancredi, Regina Maria Simões Puccinelli
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1218621185470217
International Student Assessment) and the results presented by TALIS (Teaching and Learning International Survey), considering the configuration of schools highly evaluated and the practices developed in those institutions. Concerning that matter, two questions were designed as guidelines for the research process: (1) What is the configuration of the schools that performed well in PISA 2009, in São Paulo, according to the TALIS / PISA? (2) What kind of practices are developed in those schools? Considering those questions as a starting point, the procedures of one public and two private schools in the State of Sao Paulo were examined. Those institutions were chosen due to their good scores in PISA 2009. Matching the PISA 2009 modus operandi, the results obtained in reading were selected as the core of our analysis. Three specific objectives were established to shape the procedures followed in this research: (1) analyze the elements that influence the educational performance of students by focusing essentially on the features of their formation, (2) identify the characteristics of teachers and schools by assessing TALIS results, and (3) analyze the opinion of teachers and institution managers on PISA, TALIS and students performance. The current objectives are accomplished by adopting a quantitative-qualitative methodological research approach. The data consist of interviews with the general coordinator of PISA 2009 in Brazil and with directors / coordinators of the selected schools; visits to the focus schools; analysis of a collection of questions from PISA answered by students and directors and analysis of TALIS questionnaires answered by the director and teacher participants. This investigation is justified, therefore, by the potentiality it offers to the understanding of the contributions of PISA and TALIS results to the formulation of public policy and education management in Brazil and its implications for the educational system and schools. It was attainable by analyzing the organization of schools with good performance in PISA in Sao Paulo, considering such aspects as components of quality indicators. Within this context, the results of those large-scale measurement instruments raise important issues, since they acknowledge only a small number of "high quality schools" contrasted with a great number of units, especially public, marked by insufficient and below expectation performance. Further than analyzing the schools based on the results from PISA and TALIS, the outcome of this research invites for reflection on the practices adopted by schools and their relation to the results verified by the focused instruments.
A experiência de comércio justo de agricultores familiares da cooperativa COOPFAM de Poço Fundo (MG): identificando os obstáculos e as potencialidades da transição para a agricultura de base ecológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-15)
Cavino, Valquiria de Cássia Oliveira
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Abreu, Lucimar Santiago de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7025928931374268
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3281116979989506
The present research proposes to systematize the experience of Fair Trade developed by farmers associated to a cooperative (Coopfam) and understand the obstacles and potentials of the model transition for the ecologically based agriculture. Initilly, a study was conducted with documentary bases and agricultural censos seeking to characterize the situation and the social economic and agri-environment of the municipality. The results of the research allow to understand the local rural landscape, regarding to historical, geographical and agricultural aspects. Then, a group of family farmers from the cooperative was interviewed, orally, where the trajectory of the farmes and the process that led to adherence to fair trade were reconstructed, qualifying these changes, seeking to understand the reasons of the transition and the meaning of this experience, of social cultural or economics terms. Among the main results, it was found that the certification Fair Trade provided improvements in the production field environmentally sustainable. The fair condition of production and commercialization is causing dissatisfaction between the producers who claims that the price received at the present moment is not advantegeous due to the appreciation of the real against the dollar making foreign prices reduce in relation to internal prices, the minimum prices should be reviewed by the importers and by the chain of the fair trade.
Construção de um programa de ensino de pré-requisitos de leitura e escrita para pessoas com deficiência intelectual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-17)
Freitas, Maria Clara de
;
Rose, Julio Cesar Coelho de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3386857761295187
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6993887072345221
Since its dawn, Behavior Analysis stood out in the search for ways of teaching complex repertoires to persons with intellectual retardation. Procedures built on stimulus equivalence have proved highly effective and economical, especially with regard to academic and symbolic skills. In Brazil, there is a tradition of successful research concerning the teaching of reading and spelling skills for children with learning disabilities. One of these computer presented procedures has recently been adapted for application to children with intellectual retardation, with excellent results, similar to those encountered by previous studies with other populations. However, to initiate the training in reading, based upon arbitrary MTS and CRMTS tasks, those children had to show a series of prerequisites skills, skills which commonly are to be found missing on people with higher levels of intellectual disabilities. It is urgent, then, to insert the teaching of those skills in the programs, so that more children can benefit from the reading instruction. The objectives of this study were: to identify which prerequisite skills are necessary for teaching reading based on a behavior network; to verify which strategies would be needed to teach such skills to students witch deficits in those repertoires, and finally, to build as a final product a comprehensive education program, to meet the difficulties of the largest possible number of students with intellectual disabilities. Four consecutive studies were designed, pursuing these goals. The first study investigated the possibility of building such a teaching program for prerequisites based on the strategies used by the regular reading program (CRMTS and MTS), and its results showed a relative success to the four participants. Study 2, attempting to expand the strategies to teach prerequisites skills, enrolled three other students in a new learning program, now using techniques such as Observing Response and Fading, and a new strategy, called Dragging-to-Sample. Its data showed higher rates of success, supporting the decision to introduce the new strategies, although flaws in the programming show a possible lack of control. Thus, Study 3 was implemented aiming to correct those flaws, in addition to program the teaching of new skills to the same three children from Study 2 and two other new students. Their positive results showed that the teaching programs successful taught the prerequisites for all but one student. Finally, Study 4 gathered all students who had finished the procedures from previous Studies, and its goal was to enroll them on the reading program, to thus verify the effectiveness and adequacy of the prerequisite programs built here. Their positive results indicated that the teaching programs actually taught the necessary prerequisites for students to enroll on a reading program. The data also clearly show the superiority of the last teaching program (Study 3) when compared to the first program (Study 1), corroborating both the prerequisite skills and support strategies chosen. The final product of the four studies was a prerequisite teaching program which could effectively help children with intellectual disabilities to achieve higher levels of reading comprehension.
O processo de construção da profissionalidade docente no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-17)
Helmer, Ester Almeida
;
Reyes, Cláudia Raimundo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0143425175231051
This research focuses on the study of aspects of teaching profession which is understood as a dynamic process that requires a set of actions, skills, knowledge, attitudes and values that are specific abilities of a teacher. Such abilities are developed during personal and professional trajectory, teaching practice and throughout theoretical knowledge about the profession that underlie the research and the reflexive practice. Based on this perspective, we aim at understanding the constitution process of the professionalism considering professors from the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of São Paulo (IFSP) in a context of identity construction currently experienced by the institution. We believe that the professional development of professors who teach in the Professional and Technological Education in Brazil has the work in the Technical Basic Education level and higher education as its main characteristic. In this research we have adopted the quantitative and qualitative approaches in order to build the investigative itinerary and to achieve our goals. Thus, we divided the process of data collecting and analyzing into three distinct stages: the first one focused on the characterization of IFSP faculty that, using a self-administered questionnaire of closed questions, presented the analysis of personal, academic and professional profile aspects considered important to us to begin the work of knowing the faculty of IFSP; at the second stage of our research, using again a self-administered questionnaire but at this moment of open questions, we aimed at deepening the discussions about career choice, the knowledge required to be a professor, the challenges faced during teaching, class planning, the relationship with students and the experiences considering teaching at IFSP; at the third and final stage of the investigation, we used an interview to identify some educational concepts that shape Professional and Technical Education teaching process. The importance of investigating academic and personal profile of these professors is revealed by the fact that we believe that professional development is related to personal and socio-political aspects, so we need to know and consider them in the process of understanding the facets of their profession. We focused this research on the theoretical study about the professional education in order to present our understanding of this type of formation. We also founded that the dilemmas and difficulties experienced by the faculty of Professional and Technological Education are similar to the findings from scientific productions made in the area of higher education, especially those that concern the issue of teacher identity, the learning process to teach and the paradigm shift. We hope that these reflections on the conditions of professors who work at IFSP can help to support initiatives considering these professionals which can be understood as a fundamental public policy to achieve a high quality educational process. We also intend to contribute with new ideas and new discussions, expanding the knowledge about Technological Education in Brazil based on previous studies about higher education teaching process.