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Contribuições da ACIEPE histórias infantis e matemática na perspectiva de egressas do curso de pedagogia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-26)
Souza, Ana Paula Gestoso de
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Oliveira, Rosa Maria Moraes Anunciato de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3064136997342775
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2662760426985944
In the literature related to the area of teacher formation, currently recommends the formation of reflective practitioners and researchers of their own practice embedded in a social, historical and political context. Besides, we emphasize the demand for formation environments that maintain the idea of unity between theory and practice and between teaching and research, which prioritize the development of reflection and articulation with the reality of school. Several formation courses seek to set up as a space for professional growth that does not negligence the demands of educational practice and hence follow its development. One of these environments is materializes in Curricular Activity Teaching Research and Extension (ACIEPE), called "Children's Stories and Mathematics in Initial Grade", offered since 2004, by Federal University of São Carlos. The target people of this ACIEPE are students of Pedagogy course and graduation in Mathematics and teacher of elementary school and pre-school education. Altogether, this activity includes several moments that aim: the study of references that address the primary language, the mathematical language, the potential of reading, mathematics teaching, the connection between children's literature and mathematics; the analysis of paradidatic books; the analysis of teaching and learning situations that uses infant texts and mathematics; as well as moments that result in the construction and subsequent implementation of infant books to teach mathematical content. This is the scenario that this research try to identify and analyze, from the perspective of egresses of the Pedagogy course, the contributions of ACIEPE "Children's Stories and mathematics in the elementary school" for the development of the process of learning how to teach mathematics. The theoretical framework is permeated by concepts such as: initial formation, formation of teachers that teach mathematics, knowledge base for teaching, reading and writing in math classes, the relationship between theory and practice, and others. We chose the case study of ACIEPE once the participants composes this case with their stories, highlighting their origins, direct and indirect influences, near and far. We analyzed multiple data sources - many written records that were produced over this research, teaching and extension as reports, classes plans, field diaries, books produced, etc., interview and questionnaires answered after the end of ACIEPE - enabling the data triangulation, since the variety of sources of evidence assisted in performing various analyzes of a given process. The results of this work allow us to configure the ACIEPE "Children's Stories for the elementary school" as an instance of formative teachers, because the contributions of the curricular activities for the development of the teacher in personal and professional dimension were verified of egresses who participated. Among the contributions of ACIEPE stands out the possibility that the licensees are aware of the processes of teaching and learning and understand specifically how to work them, so this activity of teaching, research and extension enables the construction of pedagogical content knowledge, the center of the knowledge base for teaching. It was found also that the dynamics involving the construction and use of a material in a collaborative group were the main sources of learning. In this formation process the institutional dimension is crucial as in the University, as forming instancy, recognizes, honors and promotes the achievement of this type of formation which showed prolific to the teacher professional development.
Influência dos sistemas de produção, convencional e orgânico, na qualidade da cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum spp) e do açúcar mascavo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-27)
Minguetti, Fausto Fabrício
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Borges, Maria Teresa Mendes Ribeiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1800048119205212
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0771443950144010
The brown sugar is a sweetener with nutritional characteristics, obtained directly from the concentration of sugarcane juice freshly extracted. Its production does not require usage of any chemical additives, so that it is preserved most of the original constituents of sugarcane, without any exogenous substances. This makes this product having a higher nutritional quality thau crystal sugar or refined. To evaluate the influence of fertilization, organic and conventional, in sugarcane and muscovado sugar, it was conducted an experience with six fertilization systems in randomized complete block with four replications. The canes were analyzed and later or were produced muscovado sugars that were analyzed for their physico-chemical and sensorial quality. The physico-chemical analyzes comprised the following parameters: sucrose (pol), Brix, purity, reducing sugars (AR), total reducing sugars (ART), fiber, amino acids, phenolics, potassium, pH, acidity, ash and moisture. For sensory analysis it was used the Quantitative Descriptive Analysis (QDA) by nineteen tasters. A vi preference test with 50 consumers was also performed rating a hedonic scale of 9 points. The results showed that the different fertilization systems did not influenced the physico-chemical quality of the cane. Only phenolic content showed statistical differences for different treatments. These differences, however, are very small. Regarding the physico-chemical and sensorial qualities of the sugar, despite some differences, all treatments provided sugars with good acceptance. It is noteworthy that the organic system seeks a better environmental balance bringing social and long lasting sustainable benefits.
Interação entre ergonomia e projeto: o trabalho do operador de descoqueamento em uma refinaria de petróleo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-27)
Rodrigues, Daniela da Silva
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Camarotto, João Alberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1427853773681255
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4444573469390879
This work, developed by a partnership between Ergo&Ação ergonomic group from the Federal University of Sao Carlos and an oil refinery from the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil, has as its primary focus the dialogue between ergonomics and design in the face of a decoking operator work situation. The origin of this demand is related to the occurrence of accidents that happened in the coking unit of the refinery, specifically during the decoking operation. To contribute to the understanding of the determinants and conditioning factors and the mechanisms of this operation, we attempted to systematize the actions of the operators and use their perceptions in the development of the design process. The theoretical background for this work was based on the social process of design, on the Ergonomic Workplace Analysis method (EWA), that is aligned with the corporative guidelines and standards of Health, Safety and Environment of the refinery, and on the Future Activity Approach. The results show two distinct rationales that guide designers of the refinery in the development of conceptual design processes of the company. The interaction between ergonomics and design in the conceptual designs favored the collective construction, enabling ergonomics to act as a member that integrates the conflict of values, representing the various actors in this process.
Estudo de composições de amido termoplástico: extrusão reativa e nanocompósitos com microfibrilas de celulose
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-28)
Ferreira, Adriane de Medeiros
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Carvalho, Antonio José Felix de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5050955206618507
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Gandini, Alessandro
;
Hui, Wang Shu
A resistência à tração, módulo de elasticidade e alongamento das amostras de TPS com o diisocianato, na presença ou ausência de ácido cítrico, e poli(isocianato) bloqueado na ausência de ácido cítrico, aumentaram em comparação ao TPS. Todos os materiais modificados quimicamente apresentaram redução na absorção de água após a modificação química. Observou-se um aumento na massa molar das amostras com quantidades menores de incorporação do diisocianato e poli(isocianato) sem ácido cítrico, resultado da formação de grupos uretana no material. As propriedades mecânicas dos nanocompósitos sofreram um significativo aumento na resistência e módulo de elasticidade se comparada ao TPS original. A adição de microfibrilas ocasionou um aumento da resistência mecânica dos nanocompósitos. The nanocomposites were prepared with nom modified thermoplastic starch reinforced with cellulose microfibrils obtained by alkaline treatment of eucalyptus pulp, followed by cryogenic grinding. The materials were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FT), X-ray diffraction, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), liquid chromatography size exclusion high-efficiency (HPSEC), atomic force microscopy (AFM) microscopy, transmission and scanning (MTV-EGF), water absorption and mechanical tests. The use of single-screw extruder for the chemical modification of thermoplastic starch proved to be efficient because it promoted the reaction of diisocyanates in the presence or absence of citric acid. The process was also effective in decreasing the crystallinity of the TPS, which can increase its stability after processing. The tensile strength, modulus and elongation of TPS samples with the diisocyanate in the presence or absence of citric acid, and blocked polyisocyanate in the absence of citric acid increased after chemical modification by REX. For all chemically modified materials it was observed a decreased in the water absorption compared to the TPS. There was an increase in molar mass of the samples with smaller amounts of diisocyanate and polyisocyanate without citric acid, as a result of the formation of urethane groups in the material. The mechanical properties of nanocomposites underwent a significant increase in strength and elastic modulus when compared to the pristine TPS. The microfibrils addition causes an increase in the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites.
Produção de lipopeptídeos e glicolipídeos a partir da bioconversão do co-produto da produção do biodiesel
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-28)
Sousa, Juliana Rabelo de
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Cruz, Antonio José Gonçalves da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6996468259530844
Biosurfactants are a surface-active chemical compounds synthesized by microorganisms. These compounds have many advantages when compared to their chemically synthesized counterparts as specific action, low toxicity, higher biodegradability, effectiveness at extreme temperatures, pH and strength ionic. They appear as promising candidates to replace chemical surfactants produced from petrochemicals. The use of renewable and low cost substrates such as agro based industrial wastes is one of the attractive strategies for economical large scale biosurfactants production. In this work, it was evaluated glycerol, a co-product of biodiesel production, as carbon source for biosurfactant production. Two microorganisms, Pseudomonas aeruginosa MSCIC02 and Bacillus subtilis LAMI009, both isolated from environmental sources, were used thorough this work. In the first part of the work experiments were carried out in shake flasks using P. aeruginosa. The results showed that the increase in nitrogen source (sodium nitrate) and the decrease in the carbon source (glycerin) favored rhamnolipids production. In the range studied, the maximum biosurfactant concentration obtained was 2.3 g⋅L-1 (C/N ratio 12). The effect of nitrogen concentration on the biosynthesis of rhamnolipids and pH behavior as a function of the nitrate concentration in the cultures indicated that this strain probably carried a denitrification route favoring the production of rhamnolipids. Experimental runs carried out in bioreactor indicated that the integrated process of production and separation/concentration by fractionation in bubble column equipment caused many operation problems, such as the drag cell, and reducing the concentration of rhamnolipids to 0.4 g⋅L-1in the reaction medium. The kinetics of product formation was evaluated by two models. The Luedeking-Piret model was not able to represent the process. The model proposed by MERCIER et. al. (1992) could adequately describe the rhamnolipids production from P. aeruginosa strain. Emulsifying capacity of the cell-free culture medium was assessed by the emulsification index (EI24). The biosurfactant produced was able to emulsify vegetable oils as well as mineral oils. EI24 greater than 55% was reached. In the second part of the work experimental data from Bacillus subtilis LAMI009 cultivated in shake flasks showed that the growth of this strain was dependent on iv the medium supplementation with yeast extract. A change in culture medium was implemented in order to reduce the length of the lag phase. The use of inorganic nitrogen sources showed that both ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulphate reached similar values of surfactin concentration and volumetric productivity. It was obtained 35 mg⋅L-1 and 6.1 mg⋅L-1⋅h-1, respectively. Surface tension of the cell-free culture medium was similar for both nitrogen sources. The minimal value obtained was 29.7 mN⋅m-1. Sodium nitrate was found to be an adequate nitrogen source for cell growth. However, in these assays low productivity and low surface tension reduction were obtained when compared to the other nitrogen sources evaluated. The supplementation of the culture medium with yeast extract improves the surfactin concentration (60.0 mg⋅L-1) and volumetric productivity (5.2 mg⋅L-1⋅h-1). In this assay the surface tension reached 28.1 mN⋅m-1. The inoculum size had a great influence on cell growth and production of surfactin. When 2% (v/v) of inoculum was used the surfactin concentration and volumetric productivity obtained were 148.2 mg⋅L-1 e 14.22 mg⋅L-1⋅h-1, respectively. The search for genes responsible for production of lipopeptides surfactin and iturine indicated the presence of the genes lpa14 and ituD in B. subtilis LAMI009 genome. Analysis of the chromatography profile of methanol extracts of the lipopeptides from culture medium with ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate as nitrogen source showed characteristic peaks of the surfactin and iturine. Thereby, it is believed that this strain is a co-producer of both surfactin and iturine. Emulsifying capacity of the cell-free culture medium showed higher stability with the media that employed ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate as nitrogen source. It was obtained EI24 of 65% with n-hexadecane and 45% with kerosene. The acid precipitation of biosurfactant from the cell-free culture medium showed that this prepurification step promoted an increase in the emulsifying capacity of the mixture of lipopeptides synthesized by B. subtilis LAMI009. The aqueous solution of crude biosurfactant was able to emulsify naphthenic oils, vegetable oils, and an aromatic hydrocarbon. Values of EI24 greater than 65% were obtained. Emulsions formed with naphthenic oils were more stable according to droplet-size distribution. The smaller the size of droplets, the more stable was the emulsion.
A agrobiodiversidade nas terras indígenas guarani Nhandewa no norte do Paraná: memória, resgate e perspectivas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-28)
Almeida, Thiago Valente Vieira de
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Norder, Luiz Antonio Cabello
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0080353709980071
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3306060519945768
The importance of the farmers themselves hold their traditional varieties of seeds becomes even more relevant to indigenous peoples, both for the richness of ethnic knowledge developed, and the rescue of these practices in the current context of degradation and erosion of diversity, imposed by the dominant monocultural model. This study characterized the situation of indigenous agrobiodiversity in the north of Paraná state, indigenous territory Terra Indígena Laranjinha and Terra Indígena Pinhalzinho , inhabited by Nhandewa Guarani Indians. Through an ethnographic study examined the memory of the Guarani Indians of their various tradicional seeds, their distinct characteristics and uses, as well as agricultural practices were employed by ancians. The wishes of indigenous agrobiodiversity rescue and the difficulties facing the dominant model of production in the field were also registered. Terra Indígena Pinhalzinho performed the first Feira de Troca de Sementes Crioulas/Tradicionais and directed efforts to locate and produce the varieties of rice, beans, potatoes, cassava and maize indigenous. Respondents shall ensure that the presence of these seeds help to rescue cultural universe, strengthening spiritual Guarani lifestyle.
Estratégia de modelagem para controle de FMS combinando redes de Petri e um sistema Fuzzy
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-28)
Reis, Felipe Bezerra dos
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Morandin Júnior, Orides
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4192845106907956
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8671794210173330
The flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) are automated production systems capable of producing a wide variety of product types. They are composed by machines, robots and automated transport systems. Make the control of an FMS is a complex task due to the various subsystems and elements that compose it, and also by the necessity of respond to strategic issues that vary according to market demands. Much has been made in relation to the control of FMS. Several studies in the literature cover issues of control of FMS. Despite the high number of papers that address these issues, technological advances and market demands cause introduction of new challenges and new studies are conducted. This work based itself on other studies about the control of FMS to evolve into some issues of modeling and control of FMS. The purpose of this paper is to indicate a modeling strategy, based on Petri nets, that is easy to understand, requiring low efforts to adapt to different production plans, and allowing that the control of the FMS model takes into account information of the current state of the system in decision making for conflict resolution. The work ends with the application of the modeling method proposed in a hypothetical FMS. It was built a control system to make the reading of variables from the model of the FMS and decide how conflicts should be resolved on the Petri net model. To support the decision making of the control system, it was built a Fuzzy system. Simulations were conducted for a variety of production plans in which the control system achieved real-time responses to conflict resolution, preventing the system of reach deadlock conditions.
Uma solução de roteamento para redes de sensores sem fio móveis heterogêneas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-28)
Vilela, Mateus Aparecido
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Araujo, Regina Borges de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8964123297688432
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6329364737859244
The Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks (MWSNs) are being increasingly used by different applications, such as monitoring of animals, monitoring of vital signs, environmental monitoring, surveillance and protection of critical infrastructure, leaking gas, among many others. Some of these applications are already making use of mobile sensor nodes, such as underwater monitoring, precision agriculture, among many others. Due to restricted resources of sensor nodes, especially in relation to energy consumption, the development for solutions based on WSN and MWSN becomes limited. The use of mobile sensor nodes, which typically has more computational resources, power and communication, can help to reduce the energy consumption of fixed nodes, increasing the lifetime of the network. Networks that use mobile sensor nodes (fixed and mobile) with different types of hardware are called Wireless Sensor Networks Heterogeneous Mobile. This paper presents the RAHMoN (Routing Algorithm for Heterogeneous Mobile Networks), which makes use of data aggregation technique to reduce the traffic transmissions on the network, hierarchy of nodes (clustering), and use of sensor nodes (fixed and mobile) that collaborate to deliver data to a sink node at high speed. In RAHMoN, the network is configured using the techniques of inundation (flooding) and inundation reverse (reverse flooding) to collect the fixed position of sensor nodes and form an adjacency matrix. This matrix helps to build routes for data delivery to the sink and is stored in the mobile sensor nodes. Results show that our solution can guarantee a high packages delivery rate, low latency and reduce the delay of packet delivery. The solution was compared with the WHISPER, present in the literature and also focused on the delivery of data to sink node at high speed.
Um estudo de aspectos do sistema solo planta a partir de uma abordagem investigativa no ensino de química
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-28)
Silva, Marta da
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Marques, Clélia Mara de Paula
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0451284088402660
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4613115707801181
The school is the privileged place for the process to the teaching and learning of the Chemistry contents to happen in the significative way. In this process, is the basic that the student interest of these contents mediated of the educator. This interest should lead the student to involve in the actives proposed by the teacher, which will result in the development of cognitive skills. The experimental investigative activity has been defended by researchers as a system that can help to motivate the students to learn chemistry and also provide skills development. Considering this context, this research have aimed to effect and evaluate learning acquired by students in a class of 1.st year of high school actives from experimental investigations on aspects of soil plant system. The data collection was effected in three stages: questionnaire previous, experimental investigative activity (level 1), that approached the conductivity of matters and experimental investigative activity (level 2) with the following theme: Some aspects of soil plant system from the development of the species growing vegetables that Rabish and rocket. The experimental actives were planned according to the class suggested by (TAMIR, 1991; PELLA, 1961). The concepts covered were: solubility, soil composition, chemical species and ions. The work was done with the contents from problem situations proposed by the teacher. The students worked in groups, raised hypotheses, experiment of the solutions that could confirm their hypotheses. For the record of their actives, the students used the board diary. For data analysis, the questionnaires and the board s diary were collected and analyzed qualitatively by defining categories. To the from these analysis it was observed that the use of experimental actives with investigative character joined with thematic soil plant, provided the context of chemical concepts. The students acquire learning and skills developed conceptual, proceeding and attitudinal. The involvement of the students during this project and the development of skills intensify the importance of using experimental investigative actives in the teaching of chemistry.
Verticalização das cidades brasileiras: uma desconstrução do espaço social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-09-30)
Ueda, Guilherme Shoiti
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Francisco, José
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0330065027402518
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5529998790545038
The present work analyzes the process of verticalization of Brazilian cities, according to the concepts of territoriality, deconstruction space, social space. It examines the transformation of territory resulting from the vertical growth and densification of cities, from the point of view of the house and the territories of individuals and groups. Therefore, it is a bibliographical review on the relationship between man and space, which serves as the basis for a reading of the urban space, followed by bibliographic review on methods of urban analysis that used that approach. The period analyzed spans the entire history of the development of urban space in Brazil, focusing on the period of time in which the first vertical buildings appear in the capitals and cities of the country. The reading of the transformations, is empirically made through the analysis of several studies of other authors who address the subject in different Brazilian cities, in different periods. It is shown in the end, how the verticalization results in the isolation of individuals and the degradation of cities, and at the same time is influenced by changes occurring in society.
O trabalho de professores de educação especial : análise sobre a profissão docente no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-10-04)
Padilha, Adriana Cunha
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Caiado, Kátia Regina Moreno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0803778280883949
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9839259686551796
This research aims to think about what kind of work conditions teachers of Special Education (SE) from São Paulo State have to confront on their everyday practice. Critical approach was adopted having as methodological proceeding the Collective Analysis of Labor (CAL), which consists on activities of workers analyzing their own work, helped by researchers. The verbal material obtained on the meetings was transcribed, analyzed, grouped and organized, focusing the socially shared collective thinking. Data revealed eight central ideas regarding to stress agents which teachers of Special Education have to handle on their profession: Lack of appreciation of Special Education work; impairments of mental and physical health; low wages; extensive workdays; difficulties related to commuting to work; career plans privileging the merit through evaluation systems; contradictions between different trainings in the area; human relations full of misunderstandings and, last of all, school bureaucracy. The results obtained point that the transformations that occur on working world impair teaching performance of these Special Education professionals through structural instability of work. The research showed that the reorganization of the teaching job with demands for flexibility and competence on work affects the teachers, accompanied by the impasse in teacher training area privileging the medical-psychological model via eased continuing formation courses, being verified a serious imbalance in the forms of attendance at school. The teaching is affected by all these factors, being necessary a greater investment on career as well as the strengthening of trade union representatives as a form of resistance, in search of work as human emancipation synthesis of social relations. It is expected that, thinking about the problem which is being investigated, might support public policies on area and the discussion of teachers category on the struggle for better conditions of work and life.
Análise da competitividade da produção agrícola e do processamento da cadeia agroindustrial de suco de laranja concentrado congelado no estado do Paraná
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-10-05)
Sabes, Jair Júnior Sanches
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Souza Filho, Hildo Meirelles de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6974638747710821
Brazil is the largest producer and exporter of the world market of frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ), and the State of São Paulo stands out as the largest producer and exporter of that commodity in Brazil. In recent years, the State of Paraná has increased its production and export of FCOJ. Through the survey of secondary data and interviews with key players, this study identified and evaluated the main critical aspects of the competitiveness of the agri-food chain of FCOJ in Paraná. Through the rapid appraisal method (method of quick research) were possible to evaluate 11 drivers of competitiveness, focusing on the links of agricultural production and processing of that chain. A total of 24 interviews were conducted, using questionnaires and interviews screenplays. It was possible to identify which are the drivers of competitiveness, considered in the context of this research, which are considered favorable, neutral and unfavorable for the competitiveness of the links of agricultural production and processing of the agri-food chain of FCOJ in Paraná. From these analyses it was also possible to verify that none of the drivers of competitiveness, considered in this dissertation, was regarded as very favorable or very unfavorable for the competitiveness of the link of agricultural production of that chain. From these analyses it was also possible to verify that none of the drivers of competitiveness, considered in this dissertation, was regarded as very favorable for the competitiveness of the link of processing of that chain, and only a driver of competitiveness, of the set of drivers considered in this dissertation, was regarded as very unfavorable for the competitiveness of the link of processing. The analyses allowed to point out proposals for public policies and private strategies to enhance the competitiveness. In a general context, it was possible to conclude that the links of agricultural production and processing of the agri-food chain of FCOJ in Paraná have a great potential to continue to expand in Paraná. The citriculture in Paraná has a great potential to expand because it has a good technology, a good production capacity and productivity and a sufficient amount of available agricultural land to extend the exploration of the citriculture in Paraná, in addition, the economic agents that act in the citriculture in Paraná have contracts for the supply of orange to the economic organizations that have manufacturing plants that produce FCOJ in Paraná, so these contracts ensure the sale of the most part of the Paraná s orange production, which is good for the citrus growers who act in Paraná. The processor sector of orange also has a great potential to expand in Paraná because it has agro-industrial technologies of good level and a good production capacity, in addition to be able to expand without great difficulties its manufacturing capacity of FCOJ, moreover, the existence of contracts for orange supply between economic organizations who act in processing and citrus growers in Paraná, secures the supply of oranges, considered of good quality, for the producing plants of FCOJ installed in Paraná.
Comparação entre os efeitos da exposição em nível subletal de glifosato e dos herbicidas a base de glifosato Roundup Original® e Roundup Transorb R® sobre girinos de rã-touro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-10-05)
Rissoli, Rafael Zanelli
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Kalinin, Ana Lúcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5493936744279888
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5838813282371566
Glyphosate based herbicides are widely used in agriculture and fishery to control of weeds, being found commonly in water bodies. The Roundup Original® is one of the most used glyphosate-based herbicides that presents in its basic composition isopropylamin glyphosate salt and a surfactant. Many studies suggest that the surfactant is the most lethal compound of Roundup s formulation. Among the Roundup® formulations, Roundup Transorb R® is the most recent. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the possible impacts of exposition to glyphosate (1 ppm), Roundup Original® (1ppm glyphosate acid equivalent e/a.) and Roundup Transorb R® (1ppm e/a) subletal concentrations on bullfrog tadpoles (Lithobates catesbeianus) activity level, cardiorespiratory and histological endpoints. The tadpole s activity level was significantly augmented only by the glyphosate exposition, suggesting that a stressful condition would divert energy from morphogenetic processes. All tested herbicides caused skin morphological alterations like cellular hypertrophy, hypertrophy of epithelium wall and chromatid rupture. The values in Control group were constant until the O2 tension of 40 mmHg suggesting that the critical O2 tension for this species is between 40 and 20mmHg. The exposure to glyphosate caused a significant reduction, possibly due to the observed epidermis hypertrophy, which reduces the O2 uptake. Roundup Transorb R® increased values, suggesting that the composition of inert compounds and surfactants in this formulation influences this parameter. There was no difference between the presented by the Roundup Original® and Control group, which suggests that the possible increase on O2 consumption caused by Roundup exposure was masque by the epidermis hypertrophy. The registered in loco cardiac frequency wasn t altered by the glyphosate and Roundup Original. Glyphosate caused a significant ventricular mass decrease. No difference was observed on Fc, TPT and THR of ventricular strips at sub-physiological stimulation frequencies (0,2 Hz). The Roundup Original® group was the only that presented changes induced by increases in the stimulation frequency, showing Fc increases and THR decreases. It is suggested that this formulation induces the NO production, which promotes cardiac relaxation. However, these increases in Fc and THR acceleration were completely abolished by the addition of adrenaline, suggesting the existence of an antagonistic interaction between the Roundup Original® and adrenaline.
Estudo das propriedades e desempenho mecânico de juntas soldadas por fricção pontual de poli (metacrilato de metila) (PMMA)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-10-05)
Oliveira, Pedro Henrique Freiria de
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Hage Júnior, Elias
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1240692926327687
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2263046505629088
Polymeric components have been replacing traditional materials such as glass or metals in a wide range of applications due to their advantages, such as optimized specific strength (weight-to-strength ratio), reduced fabrication time and costs, and design flexibility. The increasing use of polymeric materials in engineering requires efficient and environmental friendly fabrication and processing technologies. Initially developed for metals, the Friction Stir Spot Welding (FSSW) is a joining technique with short process cycles, low energy consumption and no need of consumables. Friction Stir Spot Welding has excellent performance in welding of lightweight alloys, showing promising results in thermoplastic welding. This study investigates the relationships between friction stir spot welding parameters (tool rotational speed, plunge rate and dwell time) and weld properties (joint geometry, process temperature, microstructure, lap shear resistance and failure mechanisms) in polymethylmethacrylate (also known as PMMA) single-spot joints. PMMA friction stir spot welds showed similar mechanical performance in comparison to other current welding techniques, with equal or shorter welding cycle times. Differential scanning calorimetry and gel permeation chromatography analysis demonstrated that polymer degradation level in the weld region was negligible. The statistical models proposed for FSSW of PMMA showed good repeatability and reproducibility for the investigated material and welding ranges. Moreover, the feasibility of the Friction Spot Welding (FSpW) a new joining technology developed as a further improvement of the friction stir spot welding was successfully demonstrated in thermoplastic polymers for the first time worldwide. Sound FSpW-single lap joints on PMMA were produced and their properties studied within an exploratory study.
Transporte coletivo público na cidade de São Luís-MA: comparações pré e pós-implantação do SIT - Sistema Integrado de Transportes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-10-09)
Sousa, Bruno Leonardo Maciel de
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Sanches, Suely da Penha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3857424839674606
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8692641403636826
This work aimed to verify the changes that occurred in three items of public transport system in São Luís-MA. We studied the provision of services, travel time lines and opinions of the interviewees. The study was done by comparing data from surveys in 2000 and 2011. The survey results in 2000 were obtained from the VERTRAN, the company that prepared the studies at that time. In the surveys of 2011, in order to study the provision of transport services system, secondary data were collected by the Municipal Office of transit and transport. In the item travel time lines the results were obtained through surveys embedded in six lines, three trips in each morning peak, between peak and afternoon peak. Obtaining data on the opinions of the interviewees was conducted through questionnaires directly to the users at the bus stations and points of embarkation and disembarkation. In relation to the provision of transport service, the analyzes found a growth index (quantity lines; quantity trips, fleet, etc..) below the demand, this indicates that the public transport system is below the need. In the section travel time lines, the results indicate that the analyzed lines have increased the total travel time, and especially the delay time for stops at traffic jams. The result of comparing the opinions of the interviewees showed that their profile has undergone some changes (occupation, income level, etc..) And their views on existing problems in public transport system continue to indicate the existence of such difficulties pointed out in 2000, but it has increased the indication of some items and worsening in business valuation and management bureau. It is concluded that the three items items studied had significant differences: different growth between supply and demand, causing imbalance in service; it has increased the travel time lines, causing difficulties for passengers, and worsening in the evaluation of services by users.
Desenvolvimento de um algoritmo numérico na técnica do operador diferencial : aplicações em modelos de spins
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-10-11)
Amazonas, Márcio Andrei Sousa
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Azevedo, José Roberto Viana
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7115884585420145
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Sousa, José Ricardo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3871066069541626
In this work, we present the results obtained for Ising models and Heisenberg spin 1/2, where two and three-dimensional, with disorder or frustration. We apply effective field theory associated with the Operator Differential Technique - TOD. A new formulation of this technique has enabled the development of a numerical implementation where the coefficients are now constructed fully automatically. This allowed growing up the number N of spins of the cluster and thus observe the behavior of the system when it tends to the real case (N→∞), which is bounded by the computational time needed to carry out all operations. We apply this methodology to study the Ising model with random field - RFIM, where we use three probability distributions for the field: bimodal, gaussian and gaussian double-peaked. The phase-diagrams were obtained in t - h plane for the cases Ferromagnetic-F and Antiferromagnetic-AF with the aid of Maxwell's construction procedure (equality of the free energies at line phase transition) identifying the tricritical point - PTC in each case. We present two proposals for obtaining the free energy, and in one of them it was possible to study the behavior of the thermodynamic properties in the regions of 1st and 2nd order. For a second application of numerical implementation, we use the quantum model of anisotropic Heisenberg spin (1/2) (with anisotropy parameter Δ), which lies in the particular cases that are important: one-dimensional Ising (Δ=1) and isotropic Heisenberg (Δ=0), being applied in the study of magnetic thin films formed by monolayers where the presence of free surfaces substantially alters the system behavior. We simulate this case, the spin frustration of considering interactions between the first (J₁) and second (J₂) interactions with neighboring F and AF respectively, being related by the parameter α=J₁/J₂. We studied the influence of increasing the dimensionality of the system, made by increasing the number of layers (L) of the film, the behavior of the phase diagram α - t. Finally, we apply the relations of the Renormalization Group in the Heisenberg Hamiltonian for a thin film to study the behavior of critical exponents as a function of parameters such as temperature and number of layers.
Simulações de líquidos super-resfriados via dinâmica molecular
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-10-15)
Gonçalves, Luis Gustavo Vieira
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Rino, José Pedro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6801067322823031
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6801297606724628
This work presents the study of two models of glass-forming liquids using molecular dynamics simulations. The first model aims to analyze the effects on glassy dynamics which allow the enhancement of the glass formability on metallic glass formers. The Pd45Ni55 binary alloy and the Pd35Ni55Pt10 ternary one are modeled via the Embedded Atom method interaction potential, which is known to efficiently reproduce mechanical and structural properties in metallic compounds. Results of the dynamic susceptibilities indicate that the addition of Pt to the binary alloy favors its glass formability, given that such addition allowed the enhancement of collective dynamics. The conclusion is that the change on the medium range structure influences the increased collectivity found in the system. The second model aims to analyze the diffusion mechanisms and characterize the glassy dynamics of a supercooled network glass-forming liquid. The material to be modeled is lithium disilicate, which is a well studied material due to its versatility and applicability in both industry and academia. The Buckingham interaction potential is employed to model lithium disilicate in liquid and glassy phases. Results of dynamical and structural properties show excellent agreement with available experimental data. However, the decoupling between diffusion and relaxation, which is equivalent as the break-down of the Stokes-Einstein relation, occurs far above the melting temperature calculated via simulation, in strong disagreement with experimental observations. Nevertheless, dynamic heterogeneities present in the supercooled liquid are well characterized through the analysis of the distribution of displacements and atomic visualizations.
Explorando geometria elementar através de jogos e desafios
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-10-19)
Magri, Marcela Arantes
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Salvador, José Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2487171069472158
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3842099407889089
It is presented in this thesis a didactic proposal for pedagogical teaching aspects of Geometry through games and challenges. The main goal is to present a more didactic resource for teachers of elementary Mathematics. The games have been widely used in classroom. However, living in an increasingly competitive world, students focus only on winning the game and most of the time end up forgetting the exploration of mathematical content that is supposed to be learned. Given that, it was decided that cooperative games is an interesting option in which partnership and cooperation is more important than rivalry. We formulated and used games and challenges that could be conducted outside the classroom to explore locations, using measures of length and angles with an adventure approach to the problem of treasure hunting. We also used recreational and computer kits, synchronized with the current world that can subsidize teachers wishing to work with the initial concepts of Geometry in a different and motivating way for students.
Quintais agroecológicos: sala de aula informal paracapacitação formal - as experiências do assentamento rural Araras 4
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-10-19)
Mantovanelli, Diogo Fonseca
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Stolf, Rubismar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7945351576726409
Given that the extinction of biodiversity, and considerable environmental and social degradation, is intrinsically linked to the conventional mode of production and consumption patterns, it becomes possible to identify that the challenge we face is not simply a matter of achieving the global demand for food since, quantitatively, this objective has been reached. Science is then faced with a paradigm. It is crucial that scientists involved in the search for environmentally friendly and sustainable agricultural technologies worry about who actually will be benefited from them. It is also necessary to identify what is produced, how it is produced and for whom it is produced. Accordingly, agroecological production systems shows to be responsible for the recovery of soil fertility, promotion of food sovereignty and social inclusion of individuals affected by it. In the same way, permaculture design proposes the systemic thought and conception of ecological principles so the planning, the management and the improvement of the efforts made by individuals and communities may lead to a viable future. These two approaches provide technical and practical subsidies for sustainable use of natural resources and should be included in actions of technical assistance and rural extension (ATER acronym in portuguese). The purpose of this work was to systematize the experiences of an action research in critical ATER, which resulted in the training of agroecology and permaculture students from UFSCar and producers of the settlement Araras 4, located in the municipality of Araras, São Paulo, Brazil. Based on the results, we can conclude that the teaching of agroecology and permaculture, practical experience and educational spaces can assist in teaching and learning, and provides products and models to be followed by producers.
Cinemática do tronco, pelve, quadril e joelho, torque excêntrico e ativação muscular do quadril em homens e mulheres com e sem a dor patelofemoral
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-10-22)
Nakagawa, Theresa Helissa
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Serrão, Fábio Viadanna
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3020771286419217
Although the incidence of patellofemoral pain (PFP) is higher in females, it also occurs quite commonly in males. Previous studies have demonstrated differences in lower limb kinematics, strength and muscular activation between males and females. Moreover, it has been hypothesized that the trunk movement in the frontal plane might influence the knee joint. However, information about trunk and lower limbs biomechanics between males and females with PFP is sparse. Therefore, the objective of this thesis was to evaluate trunk, pelvis, hip and knee kinematics, hip eccentric torque and muscular activation in males and females with and without PFP during functional activities. Eighty volunteers were evaluated and equally divided into four groups: Females PFP, Female Controls, Males PFP and Male Controls. The 3D kinematics was evaluated using an electromagnetic tracking system (Ascension Technology Corporation, Burlington, VT), the electromyographic signals were collected with a Bagnoli eightchannel system (Delsys Inc., Boston, MA) and the hip eccentric torque was evaluated using an isokinetic dynamometer (Biodex Multi-Joint System 2; Shirley, NY). Males and females with PFP demonstrated higher ipsilateral trunk lean, contralateral pelvic drop, hip adduction and knee abduction during single leg squat and step-down task, when compared to the controls. These kinematic alterations were accompanied by reduced hip abduction and external rotation eccentric torque. As opposed to the males, females with PFP also showed greater hip internal rotation and reduced gluteus medius activation during single leg squat. In addition, greater hip adduction, hip internal rotation and knee abduction were associated with greater pain level and reduced function in individuals with PFP. Despite many similarities in findings for males and females with PFP, there may be specific sex differences that warrant consideration in future studies and when clinically evaluating and treating females with PFP.