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Functional status and dyspnea as performance of activities of daily living after physical and inspiratory muscle training in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-11-20) Regueiro, Eloisa Maria Gatti; Di Lorenzo, Valéria Amorim Pires; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9071791546812165; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2901466840054711
Manuseio de carga : sintomas musculoesqueléticos e indicadores psicossociais em ambiente real e efeito da adaptação de caixas na redução de fatores de risco
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-11-20) Nogueira, Helen Cristina; Oliveira, Ana Beatriz de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1049547759186556; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9985037319198420
With the rapid development of civil aviation in Brazil there was a large number of subjects involved in the aircraft maintenance work. Much of workers develop tasks involving manual material handling (MMH), which already have evidenced musculoskeletal risks. However, workers from the aircraft maintenance industry suffer huge pressure due the safety issues and the quality of the work that is performed. There were no studies in the literature that addressed the risk factors present in this sector. Thus, the aim of Study 1 was to evaluate the psychosocial indicators, as well as reports of musculoskeletal symptoms and disorders among workers iof the aircraft maintenance industry. One hundred and one employees were assessed using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, a standardized physical examination, the Job Content Questionnaire and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. The results indicate that the workers are exposed to good psychosocial conditions, which have neither prevented the emergence of musculoskeletal disorders, nor the self reported pain and functional disability, particularly associated with the lower back. As the MMH was the main activity performed by the aircraft maintenance workers assessed, musculoskeletal disorders seem to be associated with the biomechanical characteristics of this activity. Despite the risks already identified, the literature suggests some strategies for reducing the physical load imposed to the musculoskeletal system during MMH. These strategies such as the implementation of handles on boxes, ensuring better coupling object/hands during handling. However, the recommendations of adaptations in boxes are not conclusive regarding handle placement, and their impact on workers' musculoskeletal conditions. Thus, the Study 2 was conducted based on a systematic literature review. The aim was to synthesize evidence regarding the effect of adjustment on boxes, aiming at reduction of musculoskeletal load. A survey was conducted in the following databases: Embase, Pubmed / Medline, Web of Science, and Lilacs Bireme CINAHAL, Sportdiscuss, Cochrane. Two reviewers independently selected the relevant studies, and any disagreements were solved by consensus. Cross-sectional studies were included. The scale proposed by Ariens (2000) was used to assess the quality of the studies included in this review. The electronic search yielded a total of 1170 references published in English. At the end of the selection process, and after manual search of references, the selection included 15 cross-sectional studies. Due to do the great methodological variability, regarding both methods and the proposed adaptations (size and mass of boxes), associated with the low quality of the studies prevented the synthesis of evidence. There is a need of using objective and subjective methods to evaluate standardized boxes with handles, which can also be applied to the assessment of other ergonomic interventions. Furthermore, the handles should be investigated using various positions and inclinations, and the MMH has to be carried out to different heights, in order to provide more conclusive evidence to support the implementation of those adaptations in the occupational practice. Experienced subjects have also to be considered in future studies.
As prisões de São Paulo: dinâmicas, fluxos e as implicações nas trajetórias de egressos prisionais. Uma perspectiva a partir do monitor preso de educação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-11-20) Melo, Felipe Athayde Lins de; Sinhoretto, Jacqueline; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7743699562476490
The striking phenomenon of growing urban violence and the expansion of the prison while a privileged mode of punishment in contemporary societies have increasingly attracted the attention of researchers for the description and analysis of the processes that take place in prison and from it. This research is part of in this field, having a concern to question a binomial normative of the prison policy, whereby the experience in prisons opposes the paths to "reintegration" and "criminal recidivism." Discussing these concepts and opposing to them, the research points to the need to understand the social dynamics that make up the life of prison former inmates, intersecting them with the practices of the prison administration and with the flow and the increasingly more frequent links between the inside and the outside of prisons. Thus, I seek to understand the social processes that mark the paths of former inmates of São Paulo s prison system, subject little explored in the Brazilian literature and whose approach dialogues with recent studies on the social dynamics which have an effect on the lives in prison. It also dialogues with studies that are not focused on the prison, but whose themes this institution presents itself, whether as a differentiation marker of individuals, whether as a dissemination beam of social relations linked to the world of crime. The study takes place around the description of the trajectory of Diego s life, former inmate of São Paulo s prison system, and his interaction, at different times, with the research author. Therefore, São Paulo s prison system own dynamics are described and unofficial processes of shared management of prisons are emphasized between the state administration and the different groups of prisoners currently existing. In this sharing, the education inmate monitor stands out, highlighted position occupied by Diego.