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Produção científica em retinopatia da prematuridade: um estudo bibliométrico do fator de risco para alterações visuais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-03) Nunes, Ana Carolina; Martinez, Claudia Maria Simões
Early identification of risk factors for changes in development enables the implementation process of early intervention and prevention of aggravations. Among these risk factors are prematurity. Prematurity is considered the main cause of death, morbidity and disability for children, triggering a series of risk factors for development, leading to the emergence of several clinical problems, being an important risk factor for the vision development. Among the problems presented by the premature newborn is Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP), a vasoproliferative disease and leading cause of infant blindness. This research aimed to identify studies on ROP consolidated in theses and dissertations and scientific articles produced in Brazil in view of construct bibliometric indicators enabling to describe and analyze the scientific production from the perspective of Special Education. To develop the study, was used the methodological approach of bibliometrics from searches for pre-defined keywords. Theses and dissertations from thesis Bank of CAPES and scientific papers present in SciELO database were investigated, focused in Retinopathy of Prematurity. A total of 41 theses and dissertations and 33 articles were located, being the studies classified according to the nature, in principal and secondary. The results reveal that most of the studies on theses and dissertations related to subject of ROP are concentrated in Southeast region of Brazil. The interest in ROP research increased over the years, however these studies focus still in biomedical area, with newborns. A lack of studies in education area was identified, especially in Special Education. Is suggested the development of future studies in this field with children of different ages, in order to identify the impact of ROP on literacy / education of these children.
Composição florística e estrutural de bordas de fragmentos florestais inseridos em matrizes agrícolas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-03) Sabino, Ana Paula Schitkoski; Lima, Letícia Ribes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8514506711580427; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0088732105098153
We did this experiment in the Corumbataí river Basin, São Paulo, southeastern Brazil (22°41'28" S e 47°56'15'' O). In this Basin, the original phytophysiognomies were dramatically reduced; nowadays the native ecosystems are represented by small and fragmented seasonal semideciduous forest communities. Although these forests are very degraded, they represent the last forest remnants of this region. So, the conservation of their alfa and beta diversity should begin through description of their woody species composition. In this sense, the objective of this experiment was to describe the composition of trees and shrubs in the edges of seasonal semideciduous forests that are inserted in matrices of sugar cane and in consolidated pastures. We aimed to verify if different sources of disturbances may promote distinctive successional pathways, related to particular composition and structure between the forests inserted in sugar cane matrices, and those inside the consolidated pasture ones. We sampled 12 forest fragments in a systematical way , through sixty 8 m x 30 m plots (total sampled area: 1.44 ha) - 30 plots in sugar cane matrices, and 30 plots in pastures matrices (five plots per forest). We sampled the plants with the perimeter at breast height (PBH) equal or higher than 15 cm. We compared the floristic composition and structure between forest remnants by similarity dendrograms and ANOVA. We sampled 1,990 plants, belonging to 163 species (46 families). The forest communities presented low floristic similarity; we observed no significant differences in the structural patterns among the 12 forest fragments. These results indicate that both composition and structure of those communities were not related to the nature of the agricultural matrices. We also observed that the 12 communities have high values of diversity, despite they are inserted in a very modified landscape; such a result refers to their conservation. In this sense, we think that actions related to ecological management in landscape scale, and ecological restoration practices to improve the ecosystemic atributes of the seasonal semideciduous forests from Corumbataí river Basin are necessary.
Armazenagem de hidrogênio em nanocompósitos MgH2- aditivos à base de Fe e Nb, produzidos por moagem de alta energia e laminação a frio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-03) Floriano, Ricardo; Botta Filho, Walter José; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8956458007749112; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8893800436245833
Mg-based nanocomposites are considered promising materials for hydrogen storage in the solid state. In this work, Mg-based nanocomposites containing iron-based (Fe, Fe2O3, FeF3) and niobium-based (Nb, Nb2O5, NbF5) additives were processed by different processing routes involving high energy ball milling and severe plastic deformation techniques. The high energy ball milling techniques are represented here by the reactive milling under hydrogen atmosphere and by the cryogenic milling while the severe plastic deformation technique is represented here by extensive cold rolling. An alternative processing route including a previous short ball milling step before the cold rolling processing was evaluated. The study of the effect of additives according to the chosen processing routes and an extensive characterization of the hydrogen storage properties allowed a better understanding on the mechanisms which are responsible by the kinetics improvements related to the microstructural particularities. The materials prepared by the different processing techniques were characterized by micro and nanostructural analysis techniques such as, among others, x-ray diffraction followed by the Rietveld method, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The desorption behavior was studied by differential scanning calorimetry and the kinetic behavior was investigated by absorption and desorption cycles. The correlation of the results obtained with the different processing routes showed that the beneficial effect of the additives in promoting the H-sorption kinetics is positively extended independently of the processing route; however, the acting mechanisms depend on strictly on the preparation methods and the combination of one or more factor related to the microstructure. Furthermore, the severe plastic deformation techniques showed a very good potential in comparison with the high energy ball milling techniques in processing Mg-based nanocomposites, resulting in materials with good hydrogen storage properties.
O campo de estudo sobre prematuridade no Banco de Teses da Capes: produção científica e redes de colaboração em Educação Especial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-03) Pizzani, Luciana; Martinez, Claudia Maria Simões; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3032047891648218
Diverse factors can compromise the growth and development of individuals including preterm birth. The literature from the area has indicated that children born prematurely may present altered growth and development, mental retardation and learning disabilities. Thus, preterm birth has been studied in diverse scientific fields including Special Education. In this field the studies focus on primary, secondary and tertiary attention, thus contributing to the prevention of deficiencies, to education strategies and to intervention procedures. The present research aims to verify what composes the field of preterm-birth studies in Brazil, from the Capes Thesis Registry, and also to assess the scientific collaboration networks at the intersection between Special Education and preterm births. The study is structured into two steps denominated Study 1 and Study 2. Study 1 corresponds to bibliometric analysis of scientific production on premature birth available in the Capes Theses Database with the objective of reporting the State of the Art in producing knowledge on this theme as reflected in Brazilian theses and dissertations. The methodology of Study 1 was developed in five steps: step 1: construction of a theoretical reference by reading the scientific texts from the areas of Special Education, Information Science and Preterm Birth to provide a scientific basis for the research; step 2: data collection sourced from abstracts of theses and dissertations available in the Capes Theses Database that presented the preterm topic, between 1987 and 2009; step 3: organization, treatment and construction of bibliometric indicators from the registries; step 4: analysis and interpretation of the results found, capturing the concepts exposed in the theoretical reference on scientific production on preterm birth to underpin the analyses of the data obtained. Study 2 corresponds to preterm-birth scientific collaboration networks in the Special Education field. The method of Study 2 involved identification of registries belonging to the Graduate Programs or research lines in Special Education. It was possible to identify 10 registries pertaining to the Graduate Program in Special Education of the Federal University of Sao Carlos and two linked to the Graduate Programs in Education, with research line directed toward Special Education, representing, respectively, the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) and Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM). From these twelve registries were selected the curricula of the professors directing the theses and dissertations to compose the scientific collaboration network. The results of Study 1 reveal: increase in scientific production involving the topic during the study period (1987 to 2009); the production is mostly represented by Masters theses; the most highlighted institution was the University of Sao Paulo, rendering the southeast the most prominent region of the country. In relation to the large areas of knowledge, scientific production on preterm birth is concentrated in the Health Sciences area linked to programs in Medicine and Nursing. CAPES, CNPq and FAPESP were the primary funding agencies. As to the gender of thesis and dissertation authors, 79.8% are female and 20.2% male. It was also found that the predominant risk conception is medical/biological while the predominant study locations were neonatal intensive treatment units. The most frequent objectives were studies on aspects of breastfeeding, nutrition, suckling, weaning, periodontal diseases and milk composition. The majority of these studies were directed at preterm cases of gestational time from 31 to 34 weeks and with very low weight (>1500g). The results of Study 2 revealed that production via partnership, identified in the analyzed interface, is a trend in the academic environment; there are few relationships among the advisors or among the institutions that participated in the present study; as a counterpart, within the groups formed, we observed not only scientific collaboration between the different institutions but also a strong relationship between the advisor and advisee. The results presented herein contributed to a portrayal of the field of preterm-birth studies in Brazil which enables visualization of the potentialities and gaps in this knowledge area, to motivate researchers to seek new data sources, and when relevant and desirable, collaborative partnerships between research group and institutions.
Olimpíadas de matemática e aliança entre o campo científico e o campo político
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-03) Souza Neto, João Alves de; Vilela, Denise Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8155152145332951; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5447633775917499
This paper aims to discuss the mathematical Olympiads in terms of Bourdieu's theory, seeking demonstrate valorization strategies and adoption of the field of mathematics linked to social practices related to OBMEP. The concepts of field and symbolic capital were used for analysis of research papers in order to understand the mathematical Olympiads as a strategy for appreciate mathematical fields as well as a kind of normative evaluation. This paper promotes a discussion about the alleged role of social inclusion attributed to these competitions. The research is a qualitative approach and involved the preparation of a history of the Mathematical Olympiads, literature research and document analysis. Bourdieu's theory may us understand that the field of mathematics has sufficient capital to reward and recruit talent while it naturalizes, through this process, the ideology of the gift and the inculcation of a cultural arbitrary on the technological and scientific development, which is linked to factors and interests of the economic field. This critical view for the Olympiads can contribute to the expansion of studies in the field of mathematics education in relation to school evaluation and the symbolic value of mathematics, looking this as a kind of symbolic mechanism of domination, valorization and conservation of the field of mathematics. Then OBMEP can be understood as the manifestation of an alliance between the scientifical and political field, which simultaneously establishes the mathematical culture and corroborates the economic interests.