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O conhecimento matemático na educação infantil: o movimento de um grupo de professoras em processo de formação continuada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-08)
Azevedo, Priscila Domingues de
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Passos, Cármen Lúcia Brancaglion
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0544842819862603
This research investigated what are the mathematical and methodological knowledge produced, recognized and redefined by teachers of childhood education, when they gather in a study group about mathematics education in childhood; and what are the signs of professional development manifested by the participants of the group in the process of continuing training. The objectives were: to analyse the formative processes of constitution and maintenance of the GEOOM group; to highlight the learning process that started from within the group; and identify the production, recognition and ressignification of the mathematical and methodological knowledge revealed in the oral and written narratives. This is a survey of qualitative nature that, through the analysis of content, followed the process of setting up and maintaining a group in which 39 childhood education teachers of the municipal network of São Carlos/SP met and lived - in moments and spaces of time not always coincident - for five semesters. The empirical materials were built from the reflexive narratives (oral and written) produced by the teachers, the reflective journal from the trainer-researcher and questionnaires (initial and final) answered by the teachers. From the data, the following aspects were identified: the conceptions of child education and mathematical education of teachers participant in the group; methodological approaches resized by the teachers in the process of formation in the group; the mathematical knowledge that are workable from games, children's stories and situations problems; the aspects of collaborative learning that occurred in the group; and the group blog as a means of socialization of the knowledge produced. The theoretical framework was sustained by the studies of Barbosa and Faria, Kishimoto and Grando, Van de Walle and Moura, Imbernón, Hargreaves, Ponte, Day, Fiorentini, among others. The mutual help between the involved and the relationship of trust established in the group wasn t enough for allowing, in a more spontaneous way, the negotiation of meanings and the exchange of mathematical ideas. The university-school partnership in decisionmaking was expected by the teachers as a way to validate their teaching practice.
Aprendizagem relacional, comportamento simbólico e ensino de leitura a pessoas com transtornos do espectro do autismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-08)
Gomes, Camila Graciella Santos
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Souza, Deisy das Graças de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4404800720856419
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2060252495001734
The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate relevant variables to relational learning and the emergence of symbolic behavior in people with autism, in the teaching of reading. Were conducted three studies that are independent and yet complementary. Chapter 1 describes a study that evaluated the performance of forty participants with autism and forty with intellectual disabilities in identity matching-to-sample task, in the typical organization (one model and three comparisons) and in the organization with more than one model (three models and three comparisons), in two forms of presentation that needed different response modes: on tabletop and by computer. The general results of the participants indicated better performance in the organization with more than one model, in paper and in computer. Chapter 2 presents a study that aimed to teach basic reading skills to five participants with autism (four speakers and one nonspeaker), from the teaching of arbitrary relations among pictures and printed words, using adapted matching-to-sample task. Participants learned basic reading skills, but not showed combinatorial reading. Chapter 3 presents a study designed to teach combinatorial reading with comprehension for three participants with autism, from the teaching of naming syllables, words, pictures, and the formation of stimulus equivalence classes. Participants learned combinatorial reading with comprehension, with few training sessions and low numbers of errors during the teaching. The set of studies indicate the possibility of symbolic learning by people with autism since appropriate teaching procedures are used.
Estudo de metabólitos secundários de Ruta graveolens como inibidores da fotossíntese
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-09)
Sampaio, Olívia Moreira
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Silva, Maria Fátima das Graças Fernandes da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0457632122660653
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8847442455142802
In this work were isolated eighteen secondary metabolites from Ruta graveolens (Rutaceae), eleven alkaloids (five akridonic, five quinolinics and one quinolonic) and seven furanocoumarins. Thirteen compounds had their herbicide potential evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The inhibitory activity of photosynthesis in vitro was determined by Hill reaction and the active compounds were classified as inhibitors of electron transport and the mechanisms of action were located in the photosystems (PSI and PSII). Studies of chlorophyll a fluorescence in leaf discs of S. oreaceae (semi in vivo) and in plants Lolium pereni (in vivo) confirm the electron transport results. The quantitative analysis parameters of fluorescence`s kinetics were measured and evaluated by energy flows absorbed by PSII antenna system, energy used for QA reduction, energy used for electron transport, and energy dissipation of flow as heat, fluorescence or transferred to other photosystems. In fluorescence in leaf disk, the Plabs parameter showed a decrease of 70% at concentration of 150μM, indicating a stress on the photosynthetic apparatus. Evaluating other parameters, were observed reductions in the PSI0, PHI(E0) and ET0/CS0 and ET0/RC of 40%, 40%, 60% and 40% at 150μM respectively, showing that at low concentrations the effect is intensified for the substance 2-nonyl-N-methyl-4- quinoline. Tests were performed by dry biomass, and the substance 4-methoxy- 7H-furo [3,2-g] chromene-7-one (bergapten) inhibited the growth of grass l. pereni in 20 and 23% at concentrations of 150 and 300μM, acting as postemergent herbicide. The isolated and evaluated compounds can be used as bioherbicides directly or as prototypes of new herbicides for weed control.
Percepções sobre mudanças climáticas entre os Baré no alto Rio Negro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-10)
Ramos, Claudiane de Menezes
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Norder, Luiz Antonio Cabello
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0080353709980071
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7776410206386771
General ly, the debates about climate change are treat ies between the high polit ical, economic and academic classes, without taking into account the most vulnerable social groups, such as indigenous groups. The possible impacts of these changes in biodiversity, as wel l as other points of analysis, are already not only mea surable, but also perceived by dif ferent populat ions. This study presents the percept ion about climate change among the Indians Baré in Tabocal dos Pereira, indigenous community located in São Gabriel da Cachoei ra city, in the black River , Amazonas State. The work took the quali tat ive methodology with ethnographic focus. Important percept ions regarding climate change were highl ighted, concluding that today the theme cl imate is presented in the Baré culture.
Presença de Agostinho na tese de Tomás de Aquino sobre o conhecimento humano: a primeira parte da suma de teologia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-10)
Berger, André de Deus
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Oliveira, Carlos Eduardo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6475768126134000
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4857035914131555
On essaye ici d esquisser comment Thomas d Aquin propose interpréter la philosophie d Augustin pendant il présente sa théorie de la connaissance humaine dans la première partie de la Somme de théologie. La dispute de laquelle découle cette théorie thomasienne a son origine dans des diverses interprétations de la Physique et de la Métaphysique d Aristote introduites par des neufs traductions de ces textes qui ont été produites à partir du XIIème siècle chez l Europe. On se demandait alors sur la possibilité de la connaissance intellectuelle du sensible au même temps qu on poursuivait le problème de savoir s il est possible de soutenir l existence d une relation entre des choses qu existent de façons diverses, à savoir, l intellect de l homme, lequel est quelque chose d immatériel et prédisposé à la universalité, et les sensibles, lesquels sont appréhendés par les sens comme choses matérielles et singulières. Dans sa réponse, Thomas d Aquin offre la thèse selon laquelle c est possible pour l intellect de l homme, lequel, si bien que sans matière, est aussi uni avec un corps matériel et singulier, connaitre les natures (immatérielles et universelles) des choses sensibles (matérielles et singulières). Selon Thomas, la connaissance humaine a son début avec la réception des formes des choses matérielles, laquelle se déroule suivant deux étapes diverses selon lesquelles nous avons, en premier lieu, la appréhension du « sensible » et, puis, la appréhension du « intelligible ». C est la majeure ou la mineure proximité de la matière qui serait la plus important mesure de cette distinction : la connaissance sensible c est l appréhension des choses matérielles par moyen de la modification des organes du corps et travers laquelle la forme est appréhendée mélangée avec la matière. La connaissance intellectuelle, cependant, ne s utilise pas de aucun organe corporel et, par conséquence, est absolument immatérielle. Dans cette thèse on présuppose la nécessité de l existence d une relation entre la connaissance sensible et la connaissance intellectuelle pour que la connaissance intellectuelle de la chose matérielle soit devenue possible. C est ainsi que, selon Thomas, les sens produisent dans le sujet qui connait une similitude sensible qui représente la chose matérielle avant que la forme intellectuelle de la chose soit elle-même produite. Cette similitude sensible serait le point de début de la production intellectuelle d une seconde similitude, intellectuelle, décrite par Thomas comme ce par quoi la nature de la chose matérielle est connue. La première similitude, sensible, a été appelée « phantasme », l autre, intellectuelle, l « espèce intelligible », et le producteur de celle-ci, l « intellect agent ». Dans ce travail on propose déchiffrer la fonction de chacun de ces éléments qui composent cette théorie de Thomas aussi comme les relations que cette argumentation soutienne maintenir avec la philosophie d Augustin. Dans ce procès, on verra d une façon surprenante l évêque d Hippone être présenté par Thomas comme un partisan d Aristote contraire à des thèses attribuées, dans une formulation très générale, bien à Platon (auquel Avicenne est ajouté), bien aux philosophes présocratiques.
Avaliação de serviços do SIBI-São Carlos: Um estudo de caso com utilização do método LIBQUAL+
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-10)
Pinto, Euzébio Luiz
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Furnival, Ariadne Chloe Mary
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1291482506649810
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1519114305058373
ABSTRACT Between March and May 2012, a quality assessment was carried out in two public libraries and one school-community library of the São Carlos Library System (SIBI-SC), by surveying the perception of their readers about the service provided and infrastructural aspects, using the LIBQUAL+® tool and semi-open interview techniques – including a type of approach based on questions from the Benevox® software, used in the Quality Assessment Program of USP libraries (PAQ-USP). This research was motivated by the demand from SIBISC – verified by the author of this work – to carry out a careful evaluation of the services and infrastructure of its libraries and to gain a deeper understanding of the public's perception of their services, as well as to assess the performance of LIBQUAL+® in relation to an audience – that of Brazilian public libraries – that is much more diverse than that of university and public libraries in countries with a greater tradition of reading (such as the USA and European countries) that the applications of that instrument present in the scientific literature normally involve. This study was guided by the theoretical framework – existing in the field of Service Assessment in Information Units – which is based on the research that Parasuraman and his team have developed since 1985 – which focuses on service assessment from the perspective of readers’ perceptions – and the development, by this team, of the SERVQUAL assessment instrument, with the adaptation of this instrument, carried out by the Association of Research Libraries and Texas A&M University, resulting in the creation of LIBQUAL+® - an assessment method specifically designed for libraries. The analysis of the data generated highlighted the need for several improvements related to information control (including investments in electronic resources and renewal of collections) and library infrastructure; on the other hand, it showed a good public perception of the services provided by these libraries. One of the public libraries, Euclides da Cunha, stood out for its excellent service performance and for the praise for its infrastructure, considered to be of superior quality to that of the other libraries evaluated. However, the context of the fieldwork revealed limitations related to LIBQUAL+® - both in terms of the difficulties in applying it to the public and in the survey of specific aspects of libraries that the instrument was unable to cover, which were complemented by qualitative data generated by semi-open interviews. The use of such interviews, associated with the statistical analysis of the qualitative data generated - made possible through the indexing process - allowed the dimensions of library evaluation considered by LIBQUAL+® to be approached in a more comprehensive manner, opening up the possibility for the development and use of new techniques for evaluating services in information units.
Elaboração de um processo de teste com base em um estudo de caso real
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-10)
Camargo, Kamilla Gomes
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Fabbri, Sandra Camargo Pinto Ferraz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2204086299921323
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1294928190136566
Small companies face barriers to either implement or enhance their software testing processes due to the lack of experts in testing, the lack of resources and difficulties to adapt testing-related maturity models to a particular context. The goal of this research is devising a strategy that can be applied by software companies to the definition of testing processes, or even to the enhancement of the current company s process. The strategy for the definition of testing processes has been built upon the results of a case study of a small software development company. In such case study, we have characterized the company s current testing process and, based on it, we have devised a new process that relies both on the TMMi reference model and on the results of a survey that has gathered the opinion of professionals in software testing. The three main contributions of this research are: (i) a reduced test process model as a result of the mentioned survey; (ii) a newly devised testing process for the case company; and (iii) a strategy for the definition of testing processes devised from the case study, which is based on the TMMi reference model and on the opinion of software testing professionals. The sequence of steps performed in the case study enabled us to establish a testing process that takes into consideration the TMMi model and other company s particularities, thus resulting in a process whose focus is on quality. Performing such steps enables the company to evaluate and enhance its testing process whenever required.
Continuidade de painéis de laje alveolar em edifícios
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-10)
Camillo, Carolina Alvares
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Carvalho, Roberto Chust
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3633394168236221
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0144410623329854
The floors consist of hollow core slabs are being increasingly used in Brazil, because it can overcome large spans, have a low self-weight, allow fast assembly, require no shoring in many situations and are more economical than other solutions. These floors are normally designed for ease of implementation, so that the slabs act as simply supported, without continuity. This work presents a roadmap of calculation and verification based on known theoretical models and tests already carried out considering that the hollow core slabs of pavement work as continuous. This continuity is made by adding passive reinforcement in the topping region. The calculation procedures are also detailed for the situations in which there are alternate accidental actions, as well as the situation in which there are concentrated mobile loads acting on the floor. Numerical examples comparative considering continuity with the situation simply supported show what can be achieved: the active reinforcement economy, increasing the value of accidental load and checks excessive deformation that is not checked on a system simply supported. Some situations are also pointed in which the consideration of continuity fails to bring great advantage. In all the examples developed are shown the details required to perform continuity. Every calculation methodology is based on Brazilian codes and should be noted that the calculations are done considering the simultaneous loss of prestressing. At the end of the work are proposed studies that may be performed to improve understanding of the behavior of pavements with continuous hollow core slabs.
Avaliação da memória emocional em camundongos: efeito da injeção de midazolam na substância cinzenta periaquedutal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-10)
Pereira, Barbara Caetano
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Souza, Azair Liane Matos do Canto de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2352004564367849
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4238584642277840
Several studies have shown that benzodiazepines (BDZ) in periaqueductal gray (PAG) can produce anxiolytic-like effects in different animal models of anxiety. In addition, BDZ drugs also impair learning and memory performance in rodents. Despite the known role of PAG in modulated defensive behaviors in animal models, little is known about its role in modulated of emotional memory. In this sense, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of midazolam, injected into the PAG, on the acquisition, consolidation and retrieval of aversive memory. For this, we used male mice of the Swiss-Albino weighing between 25-30g (n=7-11). After stereotactic surgery with implantation of a cannula in the PAG, the animals on the test day were divided into three experiments for later exposed to the test "step-down" (SD), as follows: Experiment 1, intra-PAG with saline and midazolam (MDZ) at doses of 3.0 and 30 nmol/0.1μl, in condition of pre-training to evaluate the acquisition of aversive memory; Experiment 2 was like Experiment 1, except for the condition of the injection pretest to evaluate the retrieval of aversive memory; Experiment 3 was like Experiment 1, except for the condition of injection post training to evaluate the consolidation of aversive memory. The animals were trained in the inhibitory avoidance task that was to distributed the animals into two groups: N/Sh - without exposure to shock, W/Sh - with exposed to shock (0.5 mA) for 10 seconds, to record the latency of descent (L1). Twenty-four hours later, each animal was exposed again on SD to record latency (L2), but without shock. The results were evaluated by analysis of variance (ANOVA) of three factors (Factor 1: condition; Factor 2: pre-treatment Factor 3: treatment) for L1 and L2. The results showed that there was an increase of L2 after exposure of mice to SD without shock, confirming that the aversive stimulus (shock) was strong enough to promote facilitation of aversive memory. The two doses (3.0 and 30 nmol) of MDZ intra-PAG decreased the risk assessment of mice, characterized by the fast descent of the platform in L1. This result suggests that GABAbenzodiazepine agonist impaired the acquisition, consolidation and retrieval of aversive memory in mice. Taken together, these results suggest that GABAA receptors within PAG seem to modulate the response related to aversive memory induced by shock.
Soldagem por fricção e mistura da liga de alumínio AA2198-T851 em chapas de diferentes espessuras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-11)
Moroz, Ivan
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Alcântara, Nelson Guedes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3123107570992184
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9333116945972420
Friction Stir Welding (FSW) process, conceived in 1991, has been the target of research in the last decades due to the excellent properties presented by its welded joints, favored by the fact of occurrence in the solid state, and easiness of application, enabling several weld geometries. In particular, metal alloys with low melting points, in which conventional methods of welding (based in fusion) are hard to apply, have been benefited by this method, with large application in automobilist and aerospace industrial sectors. These branches enterprises are interested in determining the set of parameters that will yield the best mechanical properties, before utilizing FSW in commercial scale. With this objective in mind, this work aimed at optimizing the FSW parameters in the Aluminum Alloy 2198-T851, considering geometry of plates of different thicknesses (tailor welded blanks configuration). Due to the asymmetric characteristic of the welded joints, welding parameters related to positioning of the welding tool (welding angles and pin offset) were varied, in two groups of plates of different thicknesses: 4.2-3.5 milimeters, and 4.2-2.5 milimeters. Results obtained from macro and microstructural characterization (optical microscopy), tension tests and microhardness analyses were considered as criteria for determining the best quality welds. After the analysis of these results and correlation with related literature, it was concluded that the proposed variation in welding parameters affects the flux of material in the welded joint, possibly leading to formation of defects, causing a detrimental effect on the mechanical properties. Nevertheless, welds with mechanical properties equal to or superior to the base metal were obtained (except for elongation values), especially in relation to yield stress values, of capital importance in industrial sectors associated with high security demands, such as automobilist and aerospace.
Eventos de produção de texto em sala de aula: em busca do primado da palavra outra
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-11)
Sacoman, Kelly Cristina Bognar
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Brito, Maria Isabel de Moura
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8256580370732983
This work is an investigation about the texts productions written by children of the second year of elementary school in a public school located in the city of Bauru, in order to seek in the process of construction of the sense of the texts the singularities that point to the relation of the word itself with the word another. To this end, we based ourselves on the theory and design of language of Mikhail Bakhtin, as well as on the ponziana and geraldiana theories with respect to the enunciative treaty of language. In this context, we aimed to understand how occurred the literacy process in what circumscribes the practices of texts production and reading, as well as investigate the conceptions of subject that underlie the different practices of reading and writing in literacy. In addition, we conceive the production practice of written text as a discursive activity that correlates sense (implied) and situation (life) in a unique and singular event. We had as goal, also, think about the senses and subject formation processes in the production of language. With basis on the investigative principles of indiciary paradigm and the methodological reflections in Bakhtin Humanities, we try to highlight in a written narrative production, namely, the children's tale Little Red Riding Hood, how the child assumes a active responsive position on its re-telling. In the narrated discourse there are displacement movements that point to a emotive-valuation work, in which stands out the uniqueness of the child; in the meeting between reported word and word that reports, the child's production is characterized as a translation work.
Estudos citogenéticos clássicos e moleculares em espécies do gênero Harttia (Siluriformes, Loricariidae), com enfoque no papel dos DNAs repetitivos na evolução cariotípica do grupo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-11)
Blanco, Daniel Rodrigues
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Moreira Filho, Orlando
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3927076022470557
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8998670968329882
Among the Siluriformes, the Loricariidae family is the most numerous, containing approximately 800 species distributed in approximately 100 genera (Eschmeyer & Fricke 2012). Loricariidae is subdivided into six subfamilies: Lithogeninae, Neoplecostominae, Hypoptopomatinae, Loricariinae, Delturinae and Hypostominae. Harttia is a small genus of the Loricariinae subfamily that includes the fish popularly known as armored catfish. Members of this subfamily are characterized by a long and depressed caudal peduncle, the absence of adipose fin, caudal fin emarginated and large bony plates surrounding the anal papilla. They inhabit specific regions of the rivers and streams, and form small semi-isolated populations because they have not migratory habits. In this genus are described nineteen species, of which seventeen are allocated in Brazilian basins, however only a few species had been analyzed by cytogenetic methods. Thus this work characterized, by conventional (Giemsa, C-banding and Ag-NOR) and molecular cytogenetics methods (hybridizations with 5S rDNA, 18S rDNA, [GATA]n, [TTAGGG]n, Rex1, Rex3 and Rex6 probes), 7 species of Harttia: H.kronei, H.gracilis, H.longipinna, H punctata, H. loricariformis, H. torrenticola and H. carvalhoi. This paper presents the first chromosomal description for the species: H. gracilis, H. longipinna, H. punctata and H. torrenticola. The chromosome data obtained allowed to infer that the sex chromosome system XX/XY1Y2, found in H. carvalhoi, originated from a centric fission event of a metacentric chromosome formed by a fusion event occurred before the diversification of the clade formed by H. carvalhoi and H. torrenticola. In the chromosomal analysis of a population of H. longipinna was verified up to 2 micro B chromosomes. The data obtained enabled the detection and characterization of the sex chromosome system X1X1X2X2/X1X2Y in H. punctata possibly caused by a translocation event between the first two acrocentric pairs, chromosomes that carrying the 5S and 18S rDNA sites. The hybridizations with the Rex1, Rex3 and Rex6 retroelements showed that these elements are highly dispersed in the genome of the species VIII analyzed, both in heterochromatic regions as euchromatic regions. Although transposable elements are often associated with chromosomal rearrangements due to its ability to move in the genome, for the species of the Harttia, the accumulation of Rex sequences can not be correlated to chromosomal rearrangements. It is likely that these sequences can have an activity in gene regulation since it was found in large quantities in euchromatic regions. The data regarding biological aspects of Harttia allow infer that the restriction of gene flow brought about by isolation of the watersheds may have contributed to the fixation of the chromosomal rearrangements among the analyzed species. The great chromosomal diversity, here represented by: (i) different diploid numbers and karyotype formulas found between different species analyzed, (ii) for the presence of supernumerary chromosomes in H. longipinna and multiple sex chromosomes systems found in H. carvalhoi and H. punctata, (iii) alocation differentiated of the sites of 5S and 18S rDNA, makes the Harttia genus an excellent model for studies of chromosomal evolution.
Efeitos agudos do exercício resistido sobre marcadores da resposta inflamatória e imune
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-11)
Pereira, Guilherme Borges
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Perez, Sergio Eduardo de Andrade
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9408953831211309
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0159911069166581
The purpose of the present study was to examine the acute effects of resistance training (RT) on CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes apoptosis (annexin V+) and migration (CX3CR1). Twelve subjects performed two RT sessions (3 sets of 9 exercises) with 1 min (Hyper-1) and 3 min (Hyper-3) of rest-interval length between sets and exercises. CD4+ and CD8+ cells count displayed no change following Hyper-1 and Hyper-3 (p > 0.05). There was an increase in the percentage of CD4+ positive for annexin V+ and CX3CR1+ immediately after and 24 h post Hyper-1 (p < 0.05). Percentage of CD4+ positive for annexin V+ increased 2 and 24 h post Hyper- 3, and decreased after CX3CR1+ for the same time-points (p < 0.05). There was an increase in CD8+ positive for annexin V+ and CX3CR1+ immediately after, 2 and 24 h post Hyper-1 and Hyper-3 (p < 0.05), while no differences were found between Hyper-1 and Hyper-3 (p > 0.05). Acute RT increase the apoptosis and migration of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes even 24 h after exercise, with minimal effects of restinterval length.
Análise de conceito e validação de conteúdo de risco de lesão do trato urinário : proposta de diagnóstico de enfermagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-12)
Garbuio, Danielle Cristina
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Napoleão, Anamaria Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8539664594837249
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7061695887454420
The catheterization is a procedure common in hospitalized patients, which are mostly performed by professional nurses. However, it´s not a risk-free procedure, and for this reason, is necessary that the nurse, know the risk factors that may lead to a possible injury to the urinary tract. Considering the difficulty in selecting a nursing diagnosis that addresses fully the risk of patients using these catheters the aim of this study was to develop, propose and validate risk of injury to the urinary tract as a nursing diagnosis. The methodological approach was divided into three stages: concept analysis of urinary tract injury, preparation of the proposed nursing diagnosis and validation of this proposal by a group of experts. The concept analysis was developed using the Evolutionary Method of Rodgers. A search in the databases LILACS, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL and PubMed was performed by combining descriptors controlled and uncontrolled. The final sample was composed of 21 selected articles and a book chapter. Each text was read in its entirety first and then looking for attributes of the concept, related concepts, terms and substitutes contextual bases interdisciplinary, socio-cultural antecedents and consequences. The findings of this analysis were organized to prepare the elements of nursing diagnosis proposed, considering the seven axes of NANDA´s Taxonomy II. These elements were organized in an instrument that was sent to experts for content validation diagnosis. The concept analysis found that urinary tract injury is a term used in reference to damages, whether traumatic, inflammatory or infectious, affecting the lower urinary system as a result of an injury that can be attributed to several factors, but mainly the urinary catheters. The major complications identified through the attributes of the concept were: urinary tract infection, false passage, pain, urethral fistula, stricture, inability or difficulty urinating, mucosal irritation, bladder and urethral erosion, laceration of the canal, bladder and urethra , tissue necrosis and bladder spasms. The main risk factors identified from the background to the concept were: advanced age, urologic variations, latex allergy, constipation, inadequate fluid intake, obesity, anatomic variations of the pelvic organs, cognitive impairment, confusion, sedation, detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia, spinal cord injury, long time of bladder catheterization, catheter poorly lubricated at the time of insertion, lack of care in handling the catheter, difficulty inserting and removing the catheter, catheter obstruction, catheter size and material , overfilled balloon retention, collection bag with volume above the stated limit, fixing incorrect or missing, repeated and frequent catheterizations. On this basis the proposal diagnostic was Risk of urinary tract injury. These data were submitted in the form of an instrument with a four-point Likert scale for the assessment of experts and it was evaluated by 16 experts. The insertion of the proposed diagnosis was validated in Domain 11 and Class 2 of NANDA´s Taxonomy II. The label was validated as Risk of urinary tract injury and the definition was validated with some changes. The validated risk factors were: age, latex allergy, obesity, pelvic organ anatomical variations, cognitive impairment, detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia, spinal cord injury, mental confusion, poor knowledge of the patient or caregiver about urinary catheter care, long-term use of catheters bladder, the need to use retention balloon inflated with 30ml or more need to use urinary catheter large caliber, impossibility of fixing the urinary catheter, repeated and frequent catheterizations. These results contribute to increase the quality of nursing work.
Avaliação da injeção na substância cinzenta periaquedutal de agonista serotonérgico em camundongos submetidos à constrição crônica do nervo ciático : efeitos nos testes de nocicepção e ansiedade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-12)
Reis, Luciana Maria dos
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Souza, Azair Liane Matos do Canto de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2352004564367849
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2993264661694458
Studies have shown that situations of anxiety/fear can inhibit nociception and serotonin (5-HT) has antinociceptive effect in the brain structures such as the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG). This work aimed to evaluate the effect of anxiety/fear in nociception-induced model of sciatic nerve constriction (CNC), and infused intra-ventrolateral PAG (PAGvl) of 8-OH-DPAT (5- HT1A agonist), nociception and anxiety/fear datas. Male mice, Swiss albino (n = 7-15/group) were exposed to the real rat (RR) and toy rat (TR), for registration of nociception (total scratching) and anxiety/fear [total entries (TE), percentage of protected entries (% PE) and time spent (% PT) in the apparatus and behaviors of self-cleaning, rearing and total immobility (s)], as well as tests of mechanical and termic hyperalgesia. Experiment 1, performed without drug administration, showed that animals with CNC had an increase in total scratching compared to SHAM group being, this index decreased by exposure to RR. It also showed an increase in % PE and % PT in animals exposed to RR. In Experiment 2, the 8-OH-DPAT (5.6 nmol/0.1 μl) intra- PAG of mice with CNC, decreased levels of anxiety (TE, % PE, and % PT) only in animals exposed to RR, without decreasing the indices in SHAM animals. The 10 nmol/0.1 μl dose takes effect only in increased % PT and immobility time in animals exposed to TR. None doses of 8- OH-DPAT was able to modify the nociceptive response (scratching and frequency of mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia tests). Together, we conclude that exposure of mice to the predator (rat) produced increased anxiety/fear in both SHAM or CNC mice, and reduction measures of nociception only in CNC animals. The 5-HT1A receptor agonist in 5.6 nmol dose, intra-PAGvl, produced anxiolytic effects in CNC mice without altering the levels of pain, while the 10 nmol dose effects produced suggestive nociception increased. Thus, these results support the involvement of the 5-HT1A receptors in modulating responses PAGvl anxiety/fear and nociception evaluated in rodents.
Triste sina ser poeta de latrina: um estudo antropológico/artístico dos grafitos de banheiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-12)
Santos, Ludmila Helena Rodrigues dos
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Toledo, Luiz Henrique de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5366260223109463
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9737960663914680
This paper conducted a study of graffiti from public toilets in the city of São Paulo. The focus of analysis is the ability agentive these demonstrations, and to access these intentions and meanings, we sought a dialogue between anthropology and artistic methodologies, experimenting and meanings through interactions of bathrooms installations and interventions, exploring and evoking sensory looks like, smells and communications. To underscore the graffiti, highlight the typical sense of the bathroom and bring to this environment other artistic textures, in addition to their senses of anonymity, transgressor in that uses an area of conservation and public use, subjective and individualized, brings a problematization and theoretical tract of these productions and locations beyond possible interpretations of content and classificatory generalizations. We seek to understand how intentions abandoned in places highly significant gain autonomy for interaction and enable the understanding of a theory of action grounded in production and not in human producers.
Classificação do café beneficiado: uma proposta para pagamento pela qualidade dos grãos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-13)
Santos, Fabio Lyrio
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Nantes, José Flávio Diniz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1900976112613026
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6210663527994961
Brazil is the largest world coffee producer and exporter. The crop arrived in the country in the colonial period, in the mid-seventeenth century, and during much of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries was the Brazilian main export product. Brazil produces coffees of different qualities. In raw grain status, the product is traded after being benefited in the farms or cooperatives of farmers. Each lot of green coffee receives a respective commercial description according to the Brazilian official classification. This instrument coordinates the product domestic market serving as orientation for the pricing on transactions and hence for the remuneration of farmers and cooperatives. The problem is that the classification is based mainly on the type indicator, which is a quantifier of physical defects observed in the samples. Thus, the real quality of the beans is underprivileged, generating uncertainty in transactions, opportunism, and problems of adverse selection, also hindering the grower to earn income by quality. The research studied the triple inter-relationship between the classification system, the quality attributes required by industry and the payment to the grower. Thirteen stakeholders of the production chain comprised the object of study: five cooperatives located in the main Brazilian coffee regions, five roasters associated with them, and three intermediary companies (traders) located in the region of Hamburg, Germany. The studied cases showed that the problem is partially solved by the cooperatives through the use of alternative classification systems. These systems provide fairer remuneration to the grower and better highlight the qualities of the lots to their customers (intermediaries or industry). The restructuring of the classification system, therefore, appears to be potentially able to redirect the payment system and to bring economic benefit to the productive sector. In the results the research presents a proposal of classification system for green coffee, built from the empirical data.
STB-index: um índice baseado em bitmap para data warehouse espaço-temporal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-13)
Tsuruda, Renata Miwa
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Ciferri, Ricardo Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8382221522817502
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5198500431033541
The growing concern with the support of the decision-making process has made companies to search technologies that support their decisions. The technology most widely used presently is the Data Warehouse (DW), which allows storing data so it is possible to produce useful and reliable information to assist in strategic decisions. Combining the concepts of Spatial Data Warehouse (SDW), that allows geometry storage and managing, and Temporal Data Warehouse (TDW), which allows storing data changes that occur in the real-world, a research topic known as Spatio-Temporal Data Warehouse (STDW) has emerged. STDW are suitable for the treatment of geometries that change over time. These technologies, combined with the steady growth volume of data, show the necessity of index structures to improve the performance of analytical query processing with spatial predicates and also with geometries that may vary over time. In this sense, this work focused on proposing an index for STDW called Spatio-Temporal Bitmap Index, or STB-index. The proposed index was designed to processing drill-down and roll-up queries considering the existence of predefined spatial hierarchies and with spatial attributes that can vary its position and shape over time. The validation of STB-index was performed by conducting experimental tests using a DWET created from synthetic data. Tests evaluated the elapsed time and the number of disk accesses to construct the index, the amount of storage space of the index and the elapsed time and the number of disk accesses for query processing. Results were compared with query processing using database management system resources and STBindex improved the query performance by 98.12% up to 99.22% in response time compared to materialized views.
O papel dos receptores GABAA-benzodiazepínicos da amídala na modulação da antinocicepção e de comportamentos defensivos em camundongos submetidos ao teste de exposição ao rato
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-13)
Girotti, Cilene Aparecida Barbalho
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Souza, Azair Liane Matos do Canto de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2352004564367849
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7206285334603986
Animal models have been widely used to investigate the neurobiology of anxiety, fear and to evaluate the antinociception-induced by anxiety/fear. In this sense, the mice (prey) exposed to a predator (rat) exhibit intense defensive response, avoidance and antinociception. Several studies have demonstrated that intra-amygdala injection of midazolam, agonist of GABAAbenzodiazepine, can modulate antinociception-induced by anxiety/fear and defense reactions in rodents. However, it remains unknown what role of GABAA-benzodiazepine receptors in amygdala modulation of antinociception induced in mice exposed to a predator (rat). For this adult male Swiss mice (n= 6-11/group) received intra-amygdala injection of drugs followed by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of acetic acid 0.6%, 0.1 ml/10g weight (a nociceptive stimulus that induces abdominal writhes, Writhing test) and were exposed to a Long Evans rat (R) or to a toy rat (TR). The exposure cage was divided into 3 compartments [side A: home cage (protected compartment, 10 x 29 x 18 cm), side B: surface (unprotected compartment, 29 x 29 x 18 cm) and side C: the predator compartment (20 x 29 x 18 cm), which was separated from the surface with a wire mesh]. Mice had free access between the home cage and surface area through a door (5 x 8 cm). The following measures were recorded: (a) nociceptive response (total number of writhes and unprotected writhes) and (b) defensive behavior [total entries in surface (TE), % entries and % time spent in the protected area (%PE and %PT), stretched-attend postures (SAP), unprotected rear (UR) and time spent in contact with wire mesh. The results were analyzed by two-way analyses of variance (ANOVA), factor 1 [exposure (toy rat or rat)] and factor 2 (treatment), followed by Duncan's multiple range test as necessary. P values p≤ 0.05 were considered significant. The mice were divided into two experiments. Experiment 1, the exposure of mice to the rat reduced the nociceptive response (total number of writhes and unprotected writhes) and TE, SAP, UR and time spent in contact with wire mesh, while increased the %PE and %PT in intra-amydala saline-injected mice. Intra-amygdala injection of midazolam (3.0 and 30 nmol/0.1 μl) increased the nociceptive response (total number of writhes and unprotected writhes) and TE, SAP, UR and time spent in contact with wire mesh and decreased %PE and %PT in animals exposed to the rat. In Experiment 2, mice received combined intra-amygdala injection of flumazenil, antagonist of benzodiazepine receptor (saline + 2.0 nmol/0.1 μl) and midazolam (saline + 30 nmol/0.1 μl) on behavior of mice exposed to the rat. Midazolam alone (saline + 30 nmol) replicated the results obtained in Experiment 1. However, flumazenil (2.0 nmol) antagonized the effects of midazolam on nociception and on defensive behavior of mice. The exposure of mice to a predator (rat) elicits defensive response as well as attenuates nociceptive response. Activation of GABAA-benzodiazepine receptors within the amygdala produced anxiolytic-like effects and intensified the nociceptive response in mice. These results suggest that the GABAA receptors located within the amygdala are recruited to modulate both antinociception and emotional behavior of mice front a natural predator (rat).
Geotecnologias no monitoramento de bacias hidrográficas por indicadores ambientais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-13)
Souza, Gustavo Ferreira de
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Barbassa, Ademir Paceli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2979012440240781
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8186944292885714
The River Basin Committees (CBHs in portuguese, Comitês de Bacias Hidrográficas) have difficulties in managing water resources because the physiographic units refer to large areas of territorial extension, with numerous problems accumulated over the last decades and distributed throughout the basin. In the State of São Paulo, the Water Resources Management Units (UGRHIs in portuguese, Unidades de Gerenciamento de Recursos Hídricos) are the territorial divisions considered for the management of water resources, under the responsibility of CBHs, with the challenge of mitigating and restoring environmental impacts. In order to fulfill the management functions, support mechanisms are used, such as applying technologies and developing diagnostics to implement water resources policies. This work aims to apply geotechnologies in monitoring and control of water resources, in this sense contribute to the application of technology in the management process of the committee. A database on geographic information systems (GIS) was organized as a support to evaluate the applicability of remote satellite sensors in the identification and calculation of geoenvironmental indicators, according to the development of a geotechnology application roadmap for use and coverage analysis of the project, from the beginning of 1995 to the year 2012. The study was developed in a pilot area in CBH Turvo / Grande (CBH-TG), using the gvSIG platform and the sensors from the Landsat, CBERS, IRS, RapidEye, WorldView-2 and Sentinel-2A satellites. Digital image processing was applied and the results validated through field surveys. The results showed that the satellite image is not limited by its spatial resolution for mapping and monitoring, and that the evolution of the land cover and occupation was conditioned by the transformation of the field of pasture by agriculture in a period of 20 years, with direct impacts in the areas of permanent preservation, legal reserve, siltation and the quantity of water resources. From a spatial analysis of the data crossing in a GIS environment, an environmental vulnerability map was generated that assists in the geoenvironmental interpretation, evidencing with the degree of morphogenesis and pedogenesis. In the analysis of the territorial management of the basin it was evaluated that the delimitations of the basins are imprecise for a management in the scale that a UGRHI needs.