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Soldagem por fricção e mistura da liga de alumínio AA2198-T851 em chapas de diferentes espessuras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-11)
Moroz, Ivan
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Alcântara, Nelson Guedes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3123107570992184
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9333116945972420
Friction Stir Welding (FSW) process, conceived in 1991, has been the target of research in the last decades due to the excellent properties presented by its welded joints, favored by the fact of occurrence in the solid state, and easiness of application, enabling several weld geometries. In particular, metal alloys with low melting points, in which conventional methods of welding (based in fusion) are hard to apply, have been benefited by this method, with large application in automobilist and aerospace industrial sectors. These branches enterprises are interested in determining the set of parameters that will yield the best mechanical properties, before utilizing FSW in commercial scale. With this objective in mind, this work aimed at optimizing the FSW parameters in the Aluminum Alloy 2198-T851, considering geometry of plates of different thicknesses (tailor welded blanks configuration). Due to the asymmetric characteristic of the welded joints, welding parameters related to positioning of the welding tool (welding angles and pin offset) were varied, in two groups of plates of different thicknesses: 4.2-3.5 milimeters, and 4.2-2.5 milimeters. Results obtained from macro and microstructural characterization (optical microscopy), tension tests and microhardness analyses were considered as criteria for determining the best quality welds. After the analysis of these results and correlation with related literature, it was concluded that the proposed variation in welding parameters affects the flux of material in the welded joint, possibly leading to formation of defects, causing a detrimental effect on the mechanical properties. Nevertheless, welds with mechanical properties equal to or superior to the base metal were obtained (except for elongation values), especially in relation to yield stress values, of capital importance in industrial sectors associated with high security demands, such as automobilist and aerospace.
Eventos de produção de texto em sala de aula: em busca do primado da palavra outra
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-11)
Sacoman, Kelly Cristina Bognar
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Brito, Maria Isabel de Moura
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8256580370732983
This work is an investigation about the texts productions written by children of the second year of elementary school in a public school located in the city of Bauru, in order to seek in the process of construction of the sense of the texts the singularities that point to the relation of the word itself with the word another. To this end, we based ourselves on the theory and design of language of Mikhail Bakhtin, as well as on the ponziana and geraldiana theories with respect to the enunciative treaty of language. In this context, we aimed to understand how occurred the literacy process in what circumscribes the practices of texts production and reading, as well as investigate the conceptions of subject that underlie the different practices of reading and writing in literacy. In addition, we conceive the production practice of written text as a discursive activity that correlates sense (implied) and situation (life) in a unique and singular event. We had as goal, also, think about the senses and subject formation processes in the production of language. With basis on the investigative principles of indiciary paradigm and the methodological reflections in Bakhtin Humanities, we try to highlight in a written narrative production, namely, the children's tale Little Red Riding Hood, how the child assumes a active responsive position on its re-telling. In the narrated discourse there are displacement movements that point to a emotive-valuation work, in which stands out the uniqueness of the child; in the meeting between reported word and word that reports, the child's production is characterized as a translation work.
Estudos citogenéticos clássicos e moleculares em espécies do gênero Harttia (Siluriformes, Loricariidae), com enfoque no papel dos DNAs repetitivos na evolução cariotípica do grupo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-11)
Blanco, Daniel Rodrigues
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Moreira Filho, Orlando
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3927076022470557
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8998670968329882
Among the Siluriformes, the Loricariidae family is the most numerous, containing approximately 800 species distributed in approximately 100 genera (Eschmeyer & Fricke 2012). Loricariidae is subdivided into six subfamilies: Lithogeninae, Neoplecostominae, Hypoptopomatinae, Loricariinae, Delturinae and Hypostominae. Harttia is a small genus of the Loricariinae subfamily that includes the fish popularly known as armored catfish. Members of this subfamily are characterized by a long and depressed caudal peduncle, the absence of adipose fin, caudal fin emarginated and large bony plates surrounding the anal papilla. They inhabit specific regions of the rivers and streams, and form small semi-isolated populations because they have not migratory habits. In this genus are described nineteen species, of which seventeen are allocated in Brazilian basins, however only a few species had been analyzed by cytogenetic methods. Thus this work characterized, by conventional (Giemsa, C-banding and Ag-NOR) and molecular cytogenetics methods (hybridizations with 5S rDNA, 18S rDNA, [GATA]n, [TTAGGG]n, Rex1, Rex3 and Rex6 probes), 7 species of Harttia: H.kronei, H.gracilis, H.longipinna, H punctata, H. loricariformis, H. torrenticola and H. carvalhoi. This paper presents the first chromosomal description for the species: H. gracilis, H. longipinna, H. punctata and H. torrenticola. The chromosome data obtained allowed to infer that the sex chromosome system XX/XY1Y2, found in H. carvalhoi, originated from a centric fission event of a metacentric chromosome formed by a fusion event occurred before the diversification of the clade formed by H. carvalhoi and H. torrenticola. In the chromosomal analysis of a population of H. longipinna was verified up to 2 micro B chromosomes. The data obtained enabled the detection and characterization of the sex chromosome system X1X1X2X2/X1X2Y in H. punctata possibly caused by a translocation event between the first two acrocentric pairs, chromosomes that carrying the 5S and 18S rDNA sites. The hybridizations with the Rex1, Rex3 and Rex6 retroelements showed that these elements are highly dispersed in the genome of the species VIII analyzed, both in heterochromatic regions as euchromatic regions. Although transposable elements are often associated with chromosomal rearrangements due to its ability to move in the genome, for the species of the Harttia, the accumulation of Rex sequences can not be correlated to chromosomal rearrangements. It is likely that these sequences can have an activity in gene regulation since it was found in large quantities in euchromatic regions. The data regarding biological aspects of Harttia allow infer that the restriction of gene flow brought about by isolation of the watersheds may have contributed to the fixation of the chromosomal rearrangements among the analyzed species. The great chromosomal diversity, here represented by: (i) different diploid numbers and karyotype formulas found between different species analyzed, (ii) for the presence of supernumerary chromosomes in H. longipinna and multiple sex chromosomes systems found in H. carvalhoi and H. punctata, (iii) alocation differentiated of the sites of 5S and 18S rDNA, makes the Harttia genus an excellent model for studies of chromosomal evolution.
Efeitos agudos do exercício resistido sobre marcadores da resposta inflamatória e imune
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-11)
Pereira, Guilherme Borges
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Perez, Sergio Eduardo de Andrade
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9408953831211309
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0159911069166581
The purpose of the present study was to examine the acute effects of resistance training (RT) on CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes apoptosis (annexin V+) and migration (CX3CR1). Twelve subjects performed two RT sessions (3 sets of 9 exercises) with 1 min (Hyper-1) and 3 min (Hyper-3) of rest-interval length between sets and exercises. CD4+ and CD8+ cells count displayed no change following Hyper-1 and Hyper-3 (p > 0.05). There was an increase in the percentage of CD4+ positive for annexin V+ and CX3CR1+ immediately after and 24 h post Hyper-1 (p < 0.05). Percentage of CD4+ positive for annexin V+ increased 2 and 24 h post Hyper- 3, and decreased after CX3CR1+ for the same time-points (p < 0.05). There was an increase in CD8+ positive for annexin V+ and CX3CR1+ immediately after, 2 and 24 h post Hyper-1 and Hyper-3 (p < 0.05), while no differences were found between Hyper-1 and Hyper-3 (p > 0.05). Acute RT increase the apoptosis and migration of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes even 24 h after exercise, with minimal effects of restinterval length.
Análise de conceito e validação de conteúdo de risco de lesão do trato urinário : proposta de diagnóstico de enfermagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-12)
Garbuio, Danielle Cristina
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Napoleão, Anamaria Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8539664594837249
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7061695887454420
The catheterization is a procedure common in hospitalized patients, which are mostly performed by professional nurses. However, it´s not a risk-free procedure, and for this reason, is necessary that the nurse, know the risk factors that may lead to a possible injury to the urinary tract. Considering the difficulty in selecting a nursing diagnosis that addresses fully the risk of patients using these catheters the aim of this study was to develop, propose and validate risk of injury to the urinary tract as a nursing diagnosis. The methodological approach was divided into three stages: concept analysis of urinary tract injury, preparation of the proposed nursing diagnosis and validation of this proposal by a group of experts. The concept analysis was developed using the Evolutionary Method of Rodgers. A search in the databases LILACS, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL and PubMed was performed by combining descriptors controlled and uncontrolled. The final sample was composed of 21 selected articles and a book chapter. Each text was read in its entirety first and then looking for attributes of the concept, related concepts, terms and substitutes contextual bases interdisciplinary, socio-cultural antecedents and consequences. The findings of this analysis were organized to prepare the elements of nursing diagnosis proposed, considering the seven axes of NANDA´s Taxonomy II. These elements were organized in an instrument that was sent to experts for content validation diagnosis. The concept analysis found that urinary tract injury is a term used in reference to damages, whether traumatic, inflammatory or infectious, affecting the lower urinary system as a result of an injury that can be attributed to several factors, but mainly the urinary catheters. The major complications identified through the attributes of the concept were: urinary tract infection, false passage, pain, urethral fistula, stricture, inability or difficulty urinating, mucosal irritation, bladder and urethral erosion, laceration of the canal, bladder and urethra , tissue necrosis and bladder spasms. The main risk factors identified from the background to the concept were: advanced age, urologic variations, latex allergy, constipation, inadequate fluid intake, obesity, anatomic variations of the pelvic organs, cognitive impairment, confusion, sedation, detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia, spinal cord injury, long time of bladder catheterization, catheter poorly lubricated at the time of insertion, lack of care in handling the catheter, difficulty inserting and removing the catheter, catheter obstruction, catheter size and material , overfilled balloon retention, collection bag with volume above the stated limit, fixing incorrect or missing, repeated and frequent catheterizations. On this basis the proposal diagnostic was Risk of urinary tract injury. These data were submitted in the form of an instrument with a four-point Likert scale for the assessment of experts and it was evaluated by 16 experts. The insertion of the proposed diagnosis was validated in Domain 11 and Class 2 of NANDA´s Taxonomy II. The label was validated as Risk of urinary tract injury and the definition was validated with some changes. The validated risk factors were: age, latex allergy, obesity, pelvic organ anatomical variations, cognitive impairment, detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia, spinal cord injury, mental confusion, poor knowledge of the patient or caregiver about urinary catheter care, long-term use of catheters bladder, the need to use retention balloon inflated with 30ml or more need to use urinary catheter large caliber, impossibility of fixing the urinary catheter, repeated and frequent catheterizations. These results contribute to increase the quality of nursing work.
Avaliação da injeção na substância cinzenta periaquedutal de agonista serotonérgico em camundongos submetidos à constrição crônica do nervo ciático : efeitos nos testes de nocicepção e ansiedade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-12)
Reis, Luciana Maria dos
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Souza, Azair Liane Matos do Canto de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2352004564367849
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2993264661694458
Studies have shown that situations of anxiety/fear can inhibit nociception and serotonin (5-HT) has antinociceptive effect in the brain structures such as the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG). This work aimed to evaluate the effect of anxiety/fear in nociception-induced model of sciatic nerve constriction (CNC), and infused intra-ventrolateral PAG (PAGvl) of 8-OH-DPAT (5- HT1A agonist), nociception and anxiety/fear datas. Male mice, Swiss albino (n = 7-15/group) were exposed to the real rat (RR) and toy rat (TR), for registration of nociception (total scratching) and anxiety/fear [total entries (TE), percentage of protected entries (% PE) and time spent (% PT) in the apparatus and behaviors of self-cleaning, rearing and total immobility (s)], as well as tests of mechanical and termic hyperalgesia. Experiment 1, performed without drug administration, showed that animals with CNC had an increase in total scratching compared to SHAM group being, this index decreased by exposure to RR. It also showed an increase in % PE and % PT in animals exposed to RR. In Experiment 2, the 8-OH-DPAT (5.6 nmol/0.1 μl) intra- PAG of mice with CNC, decreased levels of anxiety (TE, % PE, and % PT) only in animals exposed to RR, without decreasing the indices in SHAM animals. The 10 nmol/0.1 μl dose takes effect only in increased % PT and immobility time in animals exposed to TR. None doses of 8- OH-DPAT was able to modify the nociceptive response (scratching and frequency of mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia tests). Together, we conclude that exposure of mice to the predator (rat) produced increased anxiety/fear in both SHAM or CNC mice, and reduction measures of nociception only in CNC animals. The 5-HT1A receptor agonist in 5.6 nmol dose, intra-PAGvl, produced anxiolytic effects in CNC mice without altering the levels of pain, while the 10 nmol dose effects produced suggestive nociception increased. Thus, these results support the involvement of the 5-HT1A receptors in modulating responses PAGvl anxiety/fear and nociception evaluated in rodents.
Triste sina ser poeta de latrina: um estudo antropológico/artístico dos grafitos de banheiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-12)
Santos, Ludmila Helena Rodrigues dos
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Toledo, Luiz Henrique de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5366260223109463
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9737960663914680
This paper conducted a study of graffiti from public toilets in the city of São Paulo. The focus of analysis is the ability agentive these demonstrations, and to access these intentions and meanings, we sought a dialogue between anthropology and artistic methodologies, experimenting and meanings through interactions of bathrooms installations and interventions, exploring and evoking sensory looks like, smells and communications. To underscore the graffiti, highlight the typical sense of the bathroom and bring to this environment other artistic textures, in addition to their senses of anonymity, transgressor in that uses an area of conservation and public use, subjective and individualized, brings a problematization and theoretical tract of these productions and locations beyond possible interpretations of content and classificatory generalizations. We seek to understand how intentions abandoned in places highly significant gain autonomy for interaction and enable the understanding of a theory of action grounded in production and not in human producers.
Classificação do café beneficiado: uma proposta para pagamento pela qualidade dos grãos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-13)
Santos, Fabio Lyrio
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Nantes, José Flávio Diniz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1900976112613026
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6210663527994961
Brazil is the largest world coffee producer and exporter. The crop arrived in the country in the colonial period, in the mid-seventeenth century, and during much of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries was the Brazilian main export product. Brazil produces coffees of different qualities. In raw grain status, the product is traded after being benefited in the farms or cooperatives of farmers. Each lot of green coffee receives a respective commercial description according to the Brazilian official classification. This instrument coordinates the product domestic market serving as orientation for the pricing on transactions and hence for the remuneration of farmers and cooperatives. The problem is that the classification is based mainly on the type indicator, which is a quantifier of physical defects observed in the samples. Thus, the real quality of the beans is underprivileged, generating uncertainty in transactions, opportunism, and problems of adverse selection, also hindering the grower to earn income by quality. The research studied the triple inter-relationship between the classification system, the quality attributes required by industry and the payment to the grower. Thirteen stakeholders of the production chain comprised the object of study: five cooperatives located in the main Brazilian coffee regions, five roasters associated with them, and three intermediary companies (traders) located in the region of Hamburg, Germany. The studied cases showed that the problem is partially solved by the cooperatives through the use of alternative classification systems. These systems provide fairer remuneration to the grower and better highlight the qualities of the lots to their customers (intermediaries or industry). The restructuring of the classification system, therefore, appears to be potentially able to redirect the payment system and to bring economic benefit to the productive sector. In the results the research presents a proposal of classification system for green coffee, built from the empirical data.
STB-index: um índice baseado em bitmap para data warehouse espaço-temporal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-13)
Tsuruda, Renata Miwa
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Ciferri, Ricardo Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8382221522817502
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5198500431033541
The growing concern with the support of the decision-making process has made companies to search technologies that support their decisions. The technology most widely used presently is the Data Warehouse (DW), which allows storing data so it is possible to produce useful and reliable information to assist in strategic decisions. Combining the concepts of Spatial Data Warehouse (SDW), that allows geometry storage and managing, and Temporal Data Warehouse (TDW), which allows storing data changes that occur in the real-world, a research topic known as Spatio-Temporal Data Warehouse (STDW) has emerged. STDW are suitable for the treatment of geometries that change over time. These technologies, combined with the steady growth volume of data, show the necessity of index structures to improve the performance of analytical query processing with spatial predicates and also with geometries that may vary over time. In this sense, this work focused on proposing an index for STDW called Spatio-Temporal Bitmap Index, or STB-index. The proposed index was designed to processing drill-down and roll-up queries considering the existence of predefined spatial hierarchies and with spatial attributes that can vary its position and shape over time. The validation of STB-index was performed by conducting experimental tests using a DWET created from synthetic data. Tests evaluated the elapsed time and the number of disk accesses to construct the index, the amount of storage space of the index and the elapsed time and the number of disk accesses for query processing. Results were compared with query processing using database management system resources and STBindex improved the query performance by 98.12% up to 99.22% in response time compared to materialized views.
O papel dos receptores GABAA-benzodiazepínicos da amídala na modulação da antinocicepção e de comportamentos defensivos em camundongos submetidos ao teste de exposição ao rato
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-13)
Girotti, Cilene Aparecida Barbalho
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Souza, Azair Liane Matos do Canto de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2352004564367849
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7206285334603986
Animal models have been widely used to investigate the neurobiology of anxiety, fear and to evaluate the antinociception-induced by anxiety/fear. In this sense, the mice (prey) exposed to a predator (rat) exhibit intense defensive response, avoidance and antinociception. Several studies have demonstrated that intra-amygdala injection of midazolam, agonist of GABAAbenzodiazepine, can modulate antinociception-induced by anxiety/fear and defense reactions in rodents. However, it remains unknown what role of GABAA-benzodiazepine receptors in amygdala modulation of antinociception induced in mice exposed to a predator (rat). For this adult male Swiss mice (n= 6-11/group) received intra-amygdala injection of drugs followed by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of acetic acid 0.6%, 0.1 ml/10g weight (a nociceptive stimulus that induces abdominal writhes, Writhing test) and were exposed to a Long Evans rat (R) or to a toy rat (TR). The exposure cage was divided into 3 compartments [side A: home cage (protected compartment, 10 x 29 x 18 cm), side B: surface (unprotected compartment, 29 x 29 x 18 cm) and side C: the predator compartment (20 x 29 x 18 cm), which was separated from the surface with a wire mesh]. Mice had free access between the home cage and surface area through a door (5 x 8 cm). The following measures were recorded: (a) nociceptive response (total number of writhes and unprotected writhes) and (b) defensive behavior [total entries in surface (TE), % entries and % time spent in the protected area (%PE and %PT), stretched-attend postures (SAP), unprotected rear (UR) and time spent in contact with wire mesh. The results were analyzed by two-way analyses of variance (ANOVA), factor 1 [exposure (toy rat or rat)] and factor 2 (treatment), followed by Duncan's multiple range test as necessary. P values p≤ 0.05 were considered significant. The mice were divided into two experiments. Experiment 1, the exposure of mice to the rat reduced the nociceptive response (total number of writhes and unprotected writhes) and TE, SAP, UR and time spent in contact with wire mesh, while increased the %PE and %PT in intra-amydala saline-injected mice. Intra-amygdala injection of midazolam (3.0 and 30 nmol/0.1 μl) increased the nociceptive response (total number of writhes and unprotected writhes) and TE, SAP, UR and time spent in contact with wire mesh and decreased %PE and %PT in animals exposed to the rat. In Experiment 2, mice received combined intra-amygdala injection of flumazenil, antagonist of benzodiazepine receptor (saline + 2.0 nmol/0.1 μl) and midazolam (saline + 30 nmol/0.1 μl) on behavior of mice exposed to the rat. Midazolam alone (saline + 30 nmol) replicated the results obtained in Experiment 1. However, flumazenil (2.0 nmol) antagonized the effects of midazolam on nociception and on defensive behavior of mice. The exposure of mice to a predator (rat) elicits defensive response as well as attenuates nociceptive response. Activation of GABAA-benzodiazepine receptors within the amygdala produced anxiolytic-like effects and intensified the nociceptive response in mice. These results suggest that the GABAA receptors located within the amygdala are recruited to modulate both antinociception and emotional behavior of mice front a natural predator (rat).
Geotecnologias no monitoramento de bacias hidrográficas por indicadores ambientais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-13)
Souza, Gustavo Ferreira de
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Barbassa, Ademir Paceli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2979012440240781
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8186944292885714
The River Basin Committees (CBHs in portuguese, Comitês de Bacias Hidrográficas) have difficulties in managing water resources because the physiographic units refer to large areas of territorial extension, with numerous problems accumulated over the last decades and distributed throughout the basin. In the State of São Paulo, the Water Resources Management Units (UGRHIs in portuguese, Unidades de Gerenciamento de Recursos Hídricos) are the territorial divisions considered for the management of water resources, under the responsibility of CBHs, with the challenge of mitigating and restoring environmental impacts. In order to fulfill the management functions, support mechanisms are used, such as applying technologies and developing diagnostics to implement water resources policies. This work aims to apply geotechnologies in monitoring and control of water resources, in this sense contribute to the application of technology in the management process of the committee. A database on geographic information systems (GIS) was organized as a support to evaluate the applicability of remote satellite sensors in the identification and calculation of geoenvironmental indicators, according to the development of a geotechnology application roadmap for use and coverage analysis of the project, from the beginning of 1995 to the year 2012. The study was developed in a pilot area in CBH Turvo / Grande (CBH-TG), using the gvSIG platform and the sensors from the Landsat, CBERS, IRS, RapidEye, WorldView-2 and Sentinel-2A satellites. Digital image processing was applied and the results validated through field surveys. The results showed that the satellite image is not limited by its spatial resolution for mapping and monitoring, and that the evolution of the land cover and occupation was conditioned by the transformation of the field of pasture by agriculture in a period of 20 years, with direct impacts in the areas of permanent preservation, legal reserve, siltation and the quantity of water resources. From a spatial analysis of the data crossing in a GIS environment, an environmental vulnerability map was generated that assists in the geoenvironmental interpretation, evidencing with the degree of morphogenesis and pedogenesis. In the analysis of the territorial management of the basin it was evaluated that the delimitations of the basins are imprecise for a management in the scale that a UGRHI needs.
Contribuições de uma política pública de avaliação institucional para a Universidade Federal do Amapá
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-13)
Guimarães, Maria Nazaré do Nascimento
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Tancredi, Regina Maria Simões Puccinelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9131047374958003
This study is part of the evaluation of higher education field, specifically in one of the evaluative processes implemented by the Ministry of Education in Brazil, the National Higher Education Evaluation System (SINAES in Portuguese). It refers to a survey conducted in a public institution of higher education in the municipality of Macapá-AP and aimed to investigate how it is been the implementation process of a public policy of institutional assessment at the Federal University of Amapá in Teaching degree courses under the perspective of teachers and members of the Assessment Committee. It is constituted as the theoretical framework of this study authors such as, Dias Sobrinho (2000-2010) Polidori and Barreyro (2006-2009), Sordi (2002-2011), among others of relevance in the field of higher education assessment. The study of qualitative nature is constituted of a case study, because it is a research involving a single institution and a specific evaluation program, and had as a source of data collection to document analysis, the semi - structured interviews with CPA members, and with teachers, conducting focal groups. The research has shown that teachers of the four Teaching degree courses and CPA members understand that the institution it is been experiencing a gradual process of change in relation to the conceptions and directions of public policy, recognizes its importance, the same way they want to participate in the evaluation process and that the results could serve as a basis for the development of institutional policies for the IES investigated.
Condicionantes históricos e sociológicos do genocídio de Ruanda em 1994 : escritos da dor
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-13)
Santos Junior, João Samuel Rodrigues dos
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Silvério, Valter Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5349221849799462
This dissertation proposes an investigation of the Rwandan genocide, an African country located in Central Africa. This analysis is based on a reading perspective of various written sources that will overlap and inform the colonization process and subsequent genocide in Rwanda. The Rwandan genocide occurred in 1994 in which have approximately 10% of the local population killed. From the documentation produced about the Rwandan genocide and society during the colonial period, I intend to configure how the category of race was very deep into Rwandan society producing a discourse of hate group who scored a racialization process with atypical effects on African societies. The idea of the project, therefore, is the attempt to deconstruct the discourse on essentializing racism to explain the Rwandan society by analyzing the historical reconstruction in which it was created and set a background to realize that references the categories "Hutu" and "Tutsi are trademarks of social differences from natural sources but that these categories by printing a network of well-articulated speeches were being transformed into fixed identities in the colonial period.
Influência do capeamento e caracterização da resistência a compressão de alvenaria estrutural de blocos de concreto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-13)
Fortes, Ernesto Silva
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Parsekian, Guilherme Aris
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7798651726059215
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1752423072387887
This project aim was to evaluate the compressive strength of masonry concrete block from low to high resistances. This topic is motivated by the observation that there are no reliable parameters for designing the compression strength of masonry concrete block, considering the various options of strength and grouting available, especially for higher strenght blocks (above 12 MPa) whose use has become widespread in Brazil. From the national survey conducted in partnership with the ABCP it was also possible to observe that not always prisms are actually tested as a parameter to control the quality of the job-site execution control in the differents regions of Brazil. Another motivating point of this project is the observation of the difficulty procedure and high dispersion of inter-laboratory test data when testing compression strength of blocks and prisms capped with cement paste. It is also objective to evaluate the possibility of using a dry material, such as plywood, hardboard, and fiberboard for capping, replacing the usual cement paste capping. More than a thousand tests were carried out to determine the axial compression and the modulus of elasticity of grouted and non-grouted prisms and concrete blocks with dry capping and the cement paste and by grinding process for comparative testing. The blocks compressive strength ranged from 5 to 34 MPa. Based on the results it is possible to conclude on the need for proper dosage of the grouting procedure and the executive, which has influence on the prism strength. After a first phase, when all capping materials were considered, the hardboard was chosen as the comparative to cement paste. It is possible to conclude that both capping materials lead to equivalent result when testing concrete blocks. For hollow prism testing, it is not possibly to categorically conclude to the statistically equivalence when considerend all ten resistance ranges tested, but the characteristic value did not result in a difference greater then 10%. In the case of grouted prism we can concludes to the non-equivalence of types of capping. Another important conclusion is the indications of prism (hollow and grouted) / block strength ratio for the several resistances evaluated.
Aplicação de estruturas zeolíticas de imidazólio (ZIFs) no desenvolvimento de membranas de matriz mista para separação de gases
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-13)
Eiras, Daniel
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Pessan, Luiz Antonio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8276650236213537
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9696379919333542
Mixed matrix membranes based on a glassy polymer and a zeolite with organic character were developed, in order to evaluate whether the organic character of the ZIF-8 would favor its incorporation in the polymer matrix as a result of better compatibility between the phases and also the efficiency of this zeolite of improving the ideal selectivity of the polymer for two gas pairs, CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2. ZIF-8 particles were incorporated to the polymer matrix by solution mixing with an ultrasound. The membranes were prepared by solution casting, followed by solvent evaporation under a controlled atmosphere in a glove bag. Results showed a significantly improvement in CO2/N2 ideal selectivity with the incorporation of ZIF-8 when compared to the ideal selectivity of the membrane. A 17% increase in the ieal CO2/N2 selectivity was obtained with the incorporation of 30%wt of ZIF-8. The result was accompanied by a significantly increase in the membrane permeability. It is also presented the influence of residual solvent in the properties of the membranes. Finally strong experimental evidences of ZIF-8 compressibility were obtained. It can be concluded based on the results that the organic character of ZIF-8 favors its incorporation in the polymer matrix when compared to the inorganic zeolites and that zeolitic imidazolate framework can be considered a promising technology for the development of mixed matrix membranes for gas separation.
Adolescentes em situação de acolhimento institucional prolongado : análise do processo de desligamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-14)
Benetti, Daniella Simões
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Brino, Rachel de Faria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0235133592567485
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6463201980996926
The host institution is one of the lines of political action to guarantee the rights of children and adolescents, whose character is provisional and exceptional form of transition to reintegration and family or for integration in a foster family. Usually occurs when families are considered unable to provide child care, or when they have behaviors that put at risk the full development of children. Both the removal of the child or adolescent from family and his dismissal of the institution are made by the Government, however, there is a lack of effective public policies and scientific research data that cover the issue of institutional shutdown, more specifically. The present study aimed to: a) describe the process of institutional shutdown according to the opinion of adolescents who lived in a situation of institutional care for an extended period and the leaders; b) describe the operation of a host institution. This was a qualitative, exploratory. The study included two leaders of the two institutions reception and six individuals who remained in a state of Reception beyond the time allowed by law, and who completed two years of majority, including motive, which led to the shutdown. The instruments used for data collection were: Interview Script 1) The characteristics of the host institution and Interview Script 2) Shutdown Institutional, both were applied with the leaders of institutions and even Home, Interview Script 3) The Consequences Off the Institutional conducted with former accepted. The questions of the interview scripts were submitted before the application, the judges pointed suggestions to better understand the context. The application of the interviews took place at different times and places previously chosen by the participants. By means of the instruments were performed quantitative analyzes, obtained from the defined categories, with the main parameter to content analysis. The results indicated that in some respects the institutions surveyed described themselves differently, therefore, had different types of conduct with regard to the implementation of some of its functions, humanization of the shutdown process, preparation gradual for that time, maintenance of family ties, family support for restructuring, encouraging interaction with other families, participation in the services offered by the local community. Other aspects described by the Institutional leaders have been characterized equally and refer to similar residential maintenance of emotional bonds between siblings, attendance at small groups, among others. Most adolescents showed that the shutdown was a moment Institutional permeated by feelings of sadness, fear, insecurity, memories, and the individual is ready or not to experience this moment and its consequences were related to the difficulty in getting a job, live alone, keep themselves financially. It is concluded that there is need for specific policies that cover the issue of Institutional shutdown, to support the teen financially, emotionally, socially, before, during and after this procedure. Still, training for all social actors involved in institutional care situation for better care and understanding of the context.
Elaborações de estudantes do 7° ano do ensino fundamental sobre números inteiros e suas operações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-14)
Silva, Maristela Alves
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Sousa, Maria do Carmo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6637658562543505
This research is qualitative and has as main objective to analyze the main elaborations explained by students from 7th year of elementary school on integers and its operations. Students were enrolled in a public school in the city of Fernandópolis - SP. The question that guides the study is: What elaborations students manifest and / or explicit experience while guiding the activities of teaching with integers? The route goes through the history of this work of integers, number theory, and curriculum of the State of São Paulo, including therein, the experience of the students with the concepts studied, from Guiding Teaching Activities. The activities were prepared by the teacher of the class, and initially considered the learning situations proposed by books, the Department of Education of the State of São Paulo. During their development was necessary to make adjustments so that students can understand the concepts studied. These adjustments were made, fed back from the students as well as the reflections of the teacher. The focus of the research is the process and not just the result obtained by students after solving activities. The elaborations of the students are explained through dialogues that occur during the experience of the activities in the classroom. Students explicit oral that: a) believe that below zero there is no number, b) the minus sign is meaningless and c) it is impossible to operate negative quantities. The activities are aimed at questioning and questioning the "truths" momentary explained by students, providing moments in which to formulate new ideas, based on the needs required activities.
Efeitos da formação de classes de equivalência sobre a solução de problemas de adição e subtração
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-14)
Henklain, Marcelo Henrique Oliveira
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Carmo, João dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1263046410329694
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3486276032268863
Research has shown that some properties of the additive problem may cause difficulties to solve it. The most important are: the problems presentation form, the semantic structure and the position of the unknown. Two experiments were conducted with some methodological differences, but both with the aim of investigating if the formation of an equivalence class between different problems presentation forms could reduce difficulties in solving problems. Eight students from the 2nd to the 5th year of elementary school with difficulties in solving problems of the pretest analysis participated in Experiment 1. It was applied a procedure for teaching conditional discriminations between different forms of presentation of addition problems (numeralproblem, word-problem, collection-problem and balance-problem), followed by Posttest 1. There was an increase in the percentage of accuracy for all types of problems, but five participants had difficulties with the balance-problems. It was also assessed if an additional procedure for teaching algorithmic for problem solving additives with unknowns at positions a and b could produce even greater increase in the percentage of correct answers. There were two sessions for teaching the addition algorithm, followed by post-test 2, and two sessions for teaching subtraction algorithm, succeeded by Posttest 3 and generalization test. Four participants showed an increase in the percentage of correct responses at post-test 2 and six at Post-test 3. This result, although positive, suggests that procedural changes are necessary so that all may be benefited by learning algorithms. Participants achieved 100% correct responses at generalization test. In Experiment 2, three forms of presentation (numeral-problem, word-problem and balance-problem) were used. The goal was to produce the formation of two sets of equivalence classes, one of addition and one of subtraction, and evaluate its effect on problem solving performances. In order to reduce difficulties with balance, two sessions were designed to teach participants about their operation. Eight students in the 2nd to 5th year that presented difficulties in the pre-test problem solving participated. After the formation of classes, it was found in Post-test 1 that all participants increased the percentage of correct answers. It was then assessed whether a practice in solving balance-problems could further improve this performance, which was confirmed. In Generalization Test 1, all participants reached percentages above 75% accuracy. We evaluated whether it would be possible to improve the teaching of algorithms phase of Experiment 1. We performed a single session for teaching together addition and subtraction algorithms, which was followed by post-test 3, in which there was an increase in the percentage of correct responses. Then the generalization test was reapplied, in which all achieved 100% accuracy. In Experiment 2, at each post-test, there was improvement in performance. It was demonstrated that the teaching procedures adopted are important to reduce learning difficulties in problem solving.
Repercussões do tratamento medicamentoso para o paciente com hepatite C crônica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-14)
Oliveira, Daniela Maria Falcão de
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Figueiredo, Rosely Moralez de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2597491235073085
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7389048562762649
Hepatitis C is a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. It is currently estimated that there are between 2% and 3% infected people in the world, representing from 123 million to 170 million people. One also must account for this disease progressing to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Drug treatment, clinical follow-up, and uncertain prognosis of this disease usually give rise to adversities, which destabilize its patients daily routines and compromise their quality of life. Only after the first treatment can the person actually feel ill. Therefore, it is important to understand the impact of this phenomenon on patients. Goals: To understand chronic hepatitis C patients perceptions, meanings, and feelings about the disease treatment and its repercussions on their everyday life. Methods: During this research, of a qualitative nature, twelve patients being treated for chronic hepatitis C were interviewed at the Viral Hepatitis Clinic in São Carlos, Brazil. The final size of the sample was determined by theoretical saturation. The data were analyzed by means of content analysis technique (enunciation analysis) so as to grasp the meanings of expressions and feelings contained in the participants statements. Results: As regards the interviewees, there was a predominance of females (nine women and three men), all São Carlos residents. Their average age was 49 years, ranging from 35 to 65. As to the participants marital status, most of them (9) were married. Regarding their schooling, most patients (8) had studied 8-12 years. As for their occupation, two were retired and two were on a sick leave as a result of adverse treatment events. The data generated by the semi-structured questionnaire were organized into six categories encompassing both the factors mentioned by the patients and the researchers observations and inferences, namely: medication; adverse events and dispensation of medication; reactions to losses, fears, and distress; stigma and prejudice; lived sexuality; coping with their new reality. The results are discussed in light of two themes: (1) becoming sick due to treatment: perceived aspects and (2) undergoing treatment: the means to cope with it. Conclusion: The quality of Hepatitis C patients lives and daily routines is compromised by different feelings and uncertainties about the disease prognosis, especially due to adverse drug events. However, patients find ways to cope with the treatment and finish it presuming a satisfactory outcome. It is suggested that health professionals acknowledge this commitment and integrate, into their professional practices, interventions that increase patients awareness and support.
A hipótese da fragilidade financeira de Minsky e a regulação financeira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-16)
Pegorer, André Fernando
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Cruz Júnior, José César
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0086426315229286
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421539373648875
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Diegues Júnior, Antonio Carlos
Given the complexity of financial instruments currently in use, the purpose of this study is to examine, according to the proposed economic theory of Hyman P. Minsky, the factors that led to the recent financial crisis, which began in the mortgage market and expanded throughout the financial system. The residential mortgage market, as well as the financial regulation and supervision frameworks, was examined based on the Financial Fragility Hypothesis and the theory of financial cycles, as proposed by Minsky. The framework that the financial structure created prior to the crisis would not have been possible without the use of credit derivatives. This research finds that the use of credit derivatives were the primary financial instrument that drove the expansion of the credit cycle and produced vast losses during the crisis. This new financial structure, burdened by a complex structured finance, amplified the positive outlook of economic units and that allow very high credit expansion rates for a long period. And its collapse required the ensuing government intervention in the economy. Such intervention, which occurred through fiscal and monetary policies and a direct rescue of failing institutions, was necessary in both preventing the full collapse of the entire financial system and in stabilizing it. This study additionally applies an econometric model of the Minskyan theory to test whether the use of credit derivatives contributed to expanding the fragility of the financial system during its expansion. Finally, the study analyzes the drivers of the strong growth rate of the credit derivatives markets in the context of financial regulation, as such markets are exposed to high risk and therefore have a significant potential to increase financial fragility.