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Análise de conceito e validação de conteúdo de risco de lesão do trato urinário : proposta de diagnóstico de enfermagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-12) Garbuio, Danielle Cristina; Napoleão, Anamaria Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8539664594837249; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7061695887454420
The catheterization is a procedure common in hospitalized patients, which are mostly performed by professional nurses. However, it´s not a risk-free procedure, and for this reason, is necessary that the nurse, know the risk factors that may lead to a possible injury to the urinary tract. Considering the difficulty in selecting a nursing diagnosis that addresses fully the risk of patients using these catheters the aim of this study was to develop, propose and validate risk of injury to the urinary tract as a nursing diagnosis. The methodological approach was divided into three stages: concept analysis of urinary tract injury, preparation of the proposed nursing diagnosis and validation of this proposal by a group of experts. The concept analysis was developed using the Evolutionary Method of Rodgers. A search in the databases LILACS, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL and PubMed was performed by combining descriptors controlled and uncontrolled. The final sample was composed of 21 selected articles and a book chapter. Each text was read in its entirety first and then looking for attributes of the concept, related concepts, terms and substitutes contextual bases interdisciplinary, socio-cultural antecedents and consequences. The findings of this analysis were organized to prepare the elements of nursing diagnosis proposed, considering the seven axes of NANDA´s Taxonomy II. These elements were organized in an instrument that was sent to experts for content validation diagnosis. The concept analysis found that urinary tract injury is a term used in reference to damages, whether traumatic, inflammatory or infectious, affecting the lower urinary system as a result of an injury that can be attributed to several factors, but mainly the urinary catheters. The major complications identified through the attributes of the concept were: urinary tract infection, false passage, pain, urethral fistula, stricture, inability or difficulty urinating, mucosal irritation, bladder and urethral erosion, laceration of the canal, bladder and urethra , tissue necrosis and bladder spasms. The main risk factors identified from the background to the concept were: advanced age, urologic variations, latex allergy, constipation, inadequate fluid intake, obesity, anatomic variations of the pelvic organs, cognitive impairment, confusion, sedation, detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia, spinal cord injury, long time of bladder catheterization, catheter poorly lubricated at the time of insertion, lack of care in handling the catheter, difficulty inserting and removing the catheter, catheter obstruction, catheter size and material , overfilled balloon retention, collection bag with volume above the stated limit, fixing incorrect or missing, repeated and frequent catheterizations. On this basis the proposal diagnostic was Risk of urinary tract injury. These data were submitted in the form of an instrument with a four-point Likert scale for the assessment of experts and it was evaluated by 16 experts. The insertion of the proposed diagnosis was validated in Domain 11 and Class 2 of NANDA´s Taxonomy II. The label was validated as Risk of urinary tract injury and the definition was validated with some changes. The validated risk factors were: age, latex allergy, obesity, pelvic organ anatomical variations, cognitive impairment, detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia, spinal cord injury, mental confusion, poor knowledge of the patient or caregiver about urinary catheter care, long-term use of catheters bladder, the need to use retention balloon inflated with 30ml or more need to use urinary catheter large caliber, impossibility of fixing the urinary catheter, repeated and frequent catheterizations. These results contribute to increase the quality of nursing work.
Triste sina ser poeta de latrina: um estudo antropológico/artístico dos grafitos de banheiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-12) Santos, Ludmila Helena Rodrigues dos; Toledo, Luiz Henrique de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5366260223109463; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9737960663914680
This paper conducted a study of graffiti from public toilets in the city of São Paulo. The focus of analysis is the ability agentive these demonstrations, and to access these intentions and meanings, we sought a dialogue between anthropology and artistic methodologies, experimenting and meanings through interactions of bathrooms installations and interventions, exploring and evoking sensory looks like, smells and communications. To underscore the graffiti, highlight the typical sense of the bathroom and bring to this environment other artistic textures, in addition to their senses of anonymity, transgressor in that uses an area of conservation and public use, subjective and individualized, brings a problematization and theoretical tract of these productions and locations beyond possible interpretations of content and classificatory generalizations. We seek to understand how intentions abandoned in places highly significant gain autonomy for interaction and enable the understanding of a theory of action grounded in production and not in human producers.
Avaliação da injeção na substância cinzenta periaquedutal de agonista serotonérgico em camundongos submetidos à constrição crônica do nervo ciático : efeitos nos testes de nocicepção e ansiedade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-12) Reis, Luciana Maria dos; Souza, Azair Liane Matos do Canto de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2352004564367849; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2993264661694458
Studies have shown that situations of anxiety/fear can inhibit nociception and serotonin (5-HT) has antinociceptive effect in the brain structures such as the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG). This work aimed to evaluate the effect of anxiety/fear in nociception-induced model of sciatic nerve constriction (CNC), and infused intra-ventrolateral PAG (PAGvl) of 8-OH-DPAT (5- HT1A agonist), nociception and anxiety/fear datas. Male mice, Swiss albino (n = 7-15/group) were exposed to the real rat (RR) and toy rat (TR), for registration of nociception (total scratching) and anxiety/fear [total entries (TE), percentage of protected entries (% PE) and time spent (% PT) in the apparatus and behaviors of self-cleaning, rearing and total immobility (s)], as well as tests of mechanical and termic hyperalgesia. Experiment 1, performed without drug administration, showed that animals with CNC had an increase in total scratching compared to SHAM group being, this index decreased by exposure to RR. It also showed an increase in % PE and % PT in animals exposed to RR. In Experiment 2, the 8-OH-DPAT (5.6 nmol/0.1 μl) intra- PAG of mice with CNC, decreased levels of anxiety (TE, % PE, and % PT) only in animals exposed to RR, without decreasing the indices in SHAM animals. The 10 nmol/0.1 μl dose takes effect only in increased % PT and immobility time in animals exposed to TR. None doses of 8- OH-DPAT was able to modify the nociceptive response (scratching and frequency of mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia tests). Together, we conclude that exposure of mice to the predator (rat) produced increased anxiety/fear in both SHAM or CNC mice, and reduction measures of nociception only in CNC animals. The 5-HT1A receptor agonist in 5.6 nmol dose, intra-PAGvl, produced anxiolytic effects in CNC mice without altering the levels of pain, while the 10 nmol dose effects produced suggestive nociception increased. Thus, these results support the involvement of the 5-HT1A receptors in modulating responses PAGvl anxiety/fear and nociception evaluated in rodents.