Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2012-12-13"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 18405

Classificação do café beneficiado: uma proposta para pagamento pela qualidade dos grãos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-13)
Santos, Fabio Lyrio
;
Nantes, José Flávio Diniz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1900976112613026
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6210663527994961
Brazil is the largest world coffee producer and exporter. The crop arrived in the country in the colonial period, in the mid-seventeenth century, and during much of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries was the Brazilian main export product. Brazil produces coffees of different qualities. In raw grain status, the product is traded after being benefited in the farms or cooperatives of farmers. Each lot of green coffee receives a respective commercial description according to the Brazilian official classification. This instrument coordinates the product domestic market serving as orientation for the pricing on transactions and hence for the remuneration of farmers and cooperatives. The problem is that the classification is based mainly on the type indicator, which is a quantifier of physical defects observed in the samples. Thus, the real quality of the beans is underprivileged, generating uncertainty in transactions, opportunism, and problems of adverse selection, also hindering the grower to earn income by quality. The research studied the triple inter-relationship between the classification system, the quality attributes required by industry and the payment to the grower. Thirteen stakeholders of the production chain comprised the object of study: five cooperatives located in the main Brazilian coffee regions, five roasters associated with them, and three intermediary companies (traders) located in the region of Hamburg, Germany. The studied cases showed that the problem is partially solved by the cooperatives through the use of alternative classification systems. These systems provide fairer remuneration to the grower and better highlight the qualities of the lots to their customers (intermediaries or industry). The restructuring of the classification system, therefore, appears to be potentially able to redirect the payment system and to bring economic benefit to the productive sector. In the results the research presents a proposal of classification system for green coffee, built from the empirical data.
STB-index: um índice baseado em bitmap para data warehouse espaço-temporal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-13)
Tsuruda, Renata Miwa
;
Ciferri, Ricardo Rodrigues
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8382221522817502
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5198500431033541
The growing concern with the support of the decision-making process has made companies to search technologies that support their decisions. The technology most widely used presently is the Data Warehouse (DW), which allows storing data so it is possible to produce useful and reliable information to assist in strategic decisions. Combining the concepts of Spatial Data Warehouse (SDW), that allows geometry storage and managing, and Temporal Data Warehouse (TDW), which allows storing data changes that occur in the real-world, a research topic known as Spatio-Temporal Data Warehouse (STDW) has emerged. STDW are suitable for the treatment of geometries that change over time. These technologies, combined with the steady growth volume of data, show the necessity of index structures to improve the performance of analytical query processing with spatial predicates and also with geometries that may vary over time. In this sense, this work focused on proposing an index for STDW called Spatio-Temporal Bitmap Index, or STB-index. The proposed index was designed to processing drill-down and roll-up queries considering the existence of predefined spatial hierarchies and with spatial attributes that can vary its position and shape over time. The validation of STB-index was performed by conducting experimental tests using a DWET created from synthetic data. Tests evaluated the elapsed time and the number of disk accesses to construct the index, the amount of storage space of the index and the elapsed time and the number of disk accesses for query processing. Results were compared with query processing using database management system resources and STBindex improved the query performance by 98.12% up to 99.22% in response time compared to materialized views.
O papel dos receptores GABAA-benzodiazepínicos da amídala na modulação da antinocicepção e de comportamentos defensivos em camundongos submetidos ao teste de exposição ao rato
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-13)
Girotti, Cilene Aparecida Barbalho
;
Souza, Azair Liane Matos do Canto de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2352004564367849
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7206285334603986
Animal models have been widely used to investigate the neurobiology of anxiety, fear and to evaluate the antinociception-induced by anxiety/fear. In this sense, the mice (prey) exposed to a predator (rat) exhibit intense defensive response, avoidance and antinociception. Several studies have demonstrated that intra-amygdala injection of midazolam, agonist of GABAAbenzodiazepine, can modulate antinociception-induced by anxiety/fear and defense reactions in rodents. However, it remains unknown what role of GABAA-benzodiazepine receptors in amygdala modulation of antinociception induced in mice exposed to a predator (rat). For this adult male Swiss mice (n= 6-11/group) received intra-amygdala injection of drugs followed by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of acetic acid 0.6%, 0.1 ml/10g weight (a nociceptive stimulus that induces abdominal writhes, Writhing test) and were exposed to a Long Evans rat (R) or to a toy rat (TR). The exposure cage was divided into 3 compartments [side A: home cage (protected compartment, 10 x 29 x 18 cm), side B: surface (unprotected compartment, 29 x 29 x 18 cm) and side C: the predator compartment (20 x 29 x 18 cm), which was separated from the surface with a wire mesh]. Mice had free access between the home cage and surface area through a door (5 x 8 cm). The following measures were recorded: (a) nociceptive response (total number of writhes and unprotected writhes) and (b) defensive behavior [total entries in surface (TE), % entries and % time spent in the protected area (%PE and %PT), stretched-attend postures (SAP), unprotected rear (UR) and time spent in contact with wire mesh. The results were analyzed by two-way analyses of variance (ANOVA), factor 1 [exposure (toy rat or rat)] and factor 2 (treatment), followed by Duncan's multiple range test as necessary. P values p≤ 0.05 were considered significant. The mice were divided into two experiments. Experiment 1, the exposure of mice to the rat reduced the nociceptive response (total number of writhes and unprotected writhes) and TE, SAP, UR and time spent in contact with wire mesh, while increased the %PE and %PT in intra-amydala saline-injected mice. Intra-amygdala injection of midazolam (3.0 and 30 nmol/0.1 μl) increased the nociceptive response (total number of writhes and unprotected writhes) and TE, SAP, UR and time spent in contact with wire mesh and decreased %PE and %PT in animals exposed to the rat. In Experiment 2, mice received combined intra-amygdala injection of flumazenil, antagonist of benzodiazepine receptor (saline + 2.0 nmol/0.1 μl) and midazolam (saline + 30 nmol/0.1 μl) on behavior of mice exposed to the rat. Midazolam alone (saline + 30 nmol) replicated the results obtained in Experiment 1. However, flumazenil (2.0 nmol) antagonized the effects of midazolam on nociception and on defensive behavior of mice. The exposure of mice to a predator (rat) elicits defensive response as well as attenuates nociceptive response. Activation of GABAA-benzodiazepine receptors within the amygdala produced anxiolytic-like effects and intensified the nociceptive response in mice. These results suggest that the GABAA receptors located within the amygdala are recruited to modulate both antinociception and emotional behavior of mice front a natural predator (rat).
Geotecnologias no monitoramento de bacias hidrográficas por indicadores ambientais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-13)
Souza, Gustavo Ferreira de
;
Barbassa, Ademir Paceli
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2979012440240781
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8186944292885714
The River Basin Committees (CBHs in portuguese, Comitês de Bacias Hidrográficas) have difficulties in managing water resources because the physiographic units refer to large areas of territorial extension, with numerous problems accumulated over the last decades and distributed throughout the basin. In the State of São Paulo, the Water Resources Management Units (UGRHIs in portuguese, Unidades de Gerenciamento de Recursos Hídricos) are the territorial divisions considered for the management of water resources, under the responsibility of CBHs, with the challenge of mitigating and restoring environmental impacts. In order to fulfill the management functions, support mechanisms are used, such as applying technologies and developing diagnostics to implement water resources policies. This work aims to apply geotechnologies in monitoring and control of water resources, in this sense contribute to the application of technology in the management process of the committee. A database on geographic information systems (GIS) was organized as a support to evaluate the applicability of remote satellite sensors in the identification and calculation of geoenvironmental indicators, according to the development of a geotechnology application roadmap for use and coverage analysis of the project, from the beginning of 1995 to the year 2012. The study was developed in a pilot area in CBH Turvo / Grande (CBH-TG), using the gvSIG platform and the sensors from the Landsat, CBERS, IRS, RapidEye, WorldView-2 and Sentinel-2A satellites. Digital image processing was applied and the results validated through field surveys. The results showed that the satellite image is not limited by its spatial resolution for mapping and monitoring, and that the evolution of the land cover and occupation was conditioned by the transformation of the field of pasture by agriculture in a period of 20 years, with direct impacts in the areas of permanent preservation, legal reserve, siltation and the quantity of water resources. From a spatial analysis of the data crossing in a GIS environment, an environmental vulnerability map was generated that assists in the geoenvironmental interpretation, evidencing with the degree of morphogenesis and pedogenesis. In the analysis of the territorial management of the basin it was evaluated that the delimitations of the basins are imprecise for a management in the scale that a UGRHI needs.
Contribuições de uma política pública de avaliação institucional para a Universidade Federal do Amapá
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-13)
Guimarães, Maria Nazaré do Nascimento
;
Tancredi, Regina Maria Simões Puccinelli
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9131047374958003
This study is part of the evaluation of higher education field, specifically in one of the evaluative processes implemented by the Ministry of Education in Brazil, the National Higher Education Evaluation System (SINAES in Portuguese). It refers to a survey conducted in a public institution of higher education in the municipality of Macapá-AP and aimed to investigate how it is been the implementation process of a public policy of institutional assessment at the Federal University of Amapá in Teaching degree courses under the perspective of teachers and members of the Assessment Committee. It is constituted as the theoretical framework of this study authors such as, Dias Sobrinho (2000-2010) Polidori and Barreyro (2006-2009), Sordi (2002-2011), among others of relevance in the field of higher education assessment. The study of qualitative nature is constituted of a case study, because it is a research involving a single institution and a specific evaluation program, and had as a source of data collection to document analysis, the semi - structured interviews with CPA members, and with teachers, conducting focal groups. The research has shown that teachers of the four Teaching degree courses and CPA members understand that the institution it is been experiencing a gradual process of change in relation to the conceptions and directions of public policy, recognizes its importance, the same way they want to participate in the evaluation process and that the results could serve as a basis for the development of institutional policies for the IES investigated.
Condicionantes históricos e sociológicos do genocídio de Ruanda em 1994 : escritos da dor
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-13)
Santos Junior, João Samuel Rodrigues dos
;
Silvério, Valter Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5349221849799462
This dissertation proposes an investigation of the Rwandan genocide, an African country located in Central Africa. This analysis is based on a reading perspective of various written sources that will overlap and inform the colonization process and subsequent genocide in Rwanda. The Rwandan genocide occurred in 1994 in which have approximately 10% of the local population killed. From the documentation produced about the Rwandan genocide and society during the colonial period, I intend to configure how the category of race was very deep into Rwandan society producing a discourse of hate group who scored a racialization process with atypical effects on African societies. The idea of the project, therefore, is the attempt to deconstruct the discourse on essentializing racism to explain the Rwandan society by analyzing the historical reconstruction in which it was created and set a background to realize that references the categories "Hutu" and "Tutsi are trademarks of social differences from natural sources but that these categories by printing a network of well-articulated speeches were being transformed into fixed identities in the colonial period.
Influência do capeamento e caracterização da resistência a compressão de alvenaria estrutural de blocos de concreto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-13)
Fortes, Ernesto Silva
;
Parsekian, Guilherme Aris
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7798651726059215
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1752423072387887
This project aim was to evaluate the compressive strength of masonry concrete block from low to high resistances. This topic is motivated by the observation that there are no reliable parameters for designing the compression strength of masonry concrete block, considering the various options of strength and grouting available, especially for higher strenght blocks (above 12 MPa) whose use has become widespread in Brazil. From the national survey conducted in partnership with the ABCP it was also possible to observe that not always prisms are actually tested as a parameter to control the quality of the job-site execution control in the differents regions of Brazil. Another motivating point of this project is the observation of the difficulty procedure and high dispersion of inter-laboratory test data when testing compression strength of blocks and prisms capped with cement paste. It is also objective to evaluate the possibility of using a dry material, such as plywood, hardboard, and fiberboard for capping, replacing the usual cement paste capping. More than a thousand tests were carried out to determine the axial compression and the modulus of elasticity of grouted and non-grouted prisms and concrete blocks with dry capping and the cement paste and by grinding process for comparative testing. The blocks compressive strength ranged from 5 to 34 MPa. Based on the results it is possible to conclude on the need for proper dosage of the grouting procedure and the executive, which has influence on the prism strength. After a first phase, when all capping materials were considered, the hardboard was chosen as the comparative to cement paste. It is possible to conclude that both capping materials lead to equivalent result when testing concrete blocks. For hollow prism testing, it is not possibly to categorically conclude to the statistically equivalence when considerend all ten resistance ranges tested, but the characteristic value did not result in a difference greater then 10%. In the case of grouted prism we can concludes to the non-equivalence of types of capping. Another important conclusion is the indications of prism (hollow and grouted) / block strength ratio for the several resistances evaluated.
Aplicação de estruturas zeolíticas de imidazólio (ZIFs) no desenvolvimento de membranas de matriz mista para separação de gases
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-13)
Eiras, Daniel
;
Pessan, Luiz Antonio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8276650236213537
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9696379919333542
Mixed matrix membranes based on a glassy polymer and a zeolite with organic character were developed, in order to evaluate whether the organic character of the ZIF-8 would favor its incorporation in the polymer matrix as a result of better compatibility between the phases and also the efficiency of this zeolite of improving the ideal selectivity of the polymer for two gas pairs, CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2. ZIF-8 particles were incorporated to the polymer matrix by solution mixing with an ultrasound. The membranes were prepared by solution casting, followed by solvent evaporation under a controlled atmosphere in a glove bag. Results showed a significantly improvement in CO2/N2 ideal selectivity with the incorporation of ZIF-8 when compared to the ideal selectivity of the membrane. A 17% increase in the ieal CO2/N2 selectivity was obtained with the incorporation of 30%wt of ZIF-8. The result was accompanied by a significantly increase in the membrane permeability. It is also presented the influence of residual solvent in the properties of the membranes. Finally strong experimental evidences of ZIF-8 compressibility were obtained. It can be concluded based on the results that the organic character of ZIF-8 favors its incorporation in the polymer matrix when compared to the inorganic zeolites and that zeolitic imidazolate framework can be considered a promising technology for the development of mixed matrix membranes for gas separation.
Adolescentes em situação de acolhimento institucional prolongado : análise do processo de desligamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-14)
Benetti, Daniella Simões
;
Brino, Rachel de Faria
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0235133592567485
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6463201980996926
The host institution is one of the lines of political action to guarantee the rights of children and adolescents, whose character is provisional and exceptional form of transition to reintegration and family or for integration in a foster family. Usually occurs when families are considered unable to provide child care, or when they have behaviors that put at risk the full development of children. Both the removal of the child or adolescent from family and his dismissal of the institution are made by the Government, however, there is a lack of effective public policies and scientific research data that cover the issue of institutional shutdown, more specifically. The present study aimed to: a) describe the process of institutional shutdown according to the opinion of adolescents who lived in a situation of institutional care for an extended period and the leaders; b) describe the operation of a host institution. This was a qualitative, exploratory. The study included two leaders of the two institutions reception and six individuals who remained in a state of Reception beyond the time allowed by law, and who completed two years of majority, including motive, which led to the shutdown. The instruments used for data collection were: Interview Script 1) The characteristics of the host institution and Interview Script 2) Shutdown Institutional, both were applied with the leaders of institutions and even Home, Interview Script 3) The Consequences Off the Institutional conducted with former accepted. The questions of the interview scripts were submitted before the application, the judges pointed suggestions to better understand the context. The application of the interviews took place at different times and places previously chosen by the participants. By means of the instruments were performed quantitative analyzes, obtained from the defined categories, with the main parameter to content analysis. The results indicated that in some respects the institutions surveyed described themselves differently, therefore, had different types of conduct with regard to the implementation of some of its functions, humanization of the shutdown process, preparation gradual for that time, maintenance of family ties, family support for restructuring, encouraging interaction with other families, participation in the services offered by the local community. Other aspects described by the Institutional leaders have been characterized equally and refer to similar residential maintenance of emotional bonds between siblings, attendance at small groups, among others. Most adolescents showed that the shutdown was a moment Institutional permeated by feelings of sadness, fear, insecurity, memories, and the individual is ready or not to experience this moment and its consequences were related to the difficulty in getting a job, live alone, keep themselves financially. It is concluded that there is need for specific policies that cover the issue of Institutional shutdown, to support the teen financially, emotionally, socially, before, during and after this procedure. Still, training for all social actors involved in institutional care situation for better care and understanding of the context.
Elaborações de estudantes do 7° ano do ensino fundamental sobre números inteiros e suas operações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-14)
Silva, Maristela Alves
;
Sousa, Maria do Carmo de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6637658562543505
This research is qualitative and has as main objective to analyze the main elaborations explained by students from 7th year of elementary school on integers and its operations. Students were enrolled in a public school in the city of Fernandópolis - SP. The question that guides the study is: What elaborations students manifest and / or explicit experience while guiding the activities of teaching with integers? The route goes through the history of this work of integers, number theory, and curriculum of the State of São Paulo, including therein, the experience of the students with the concepts studied, from Guiding Teaching Activities. The activities were prepared by the teacher of the class, and initially considered the learning situations proposed by books, the Department of Education of the State of São Paulo. During their development was necessary to make adjustments so that students can understand the concepts studied. These adjustments were made, fed back from the students as well as the reflections of the teacher. The focus of the research is the process and not just the result obtained by students after solving activities. The elaborations of the students are explained through dialogues that occur during the experience of the activities in the classroom. Students explicit oral that: a) believe that below zero there is no number, b) the minus sign is meaningless and c) it is impossible to operate negative quantities. The activities are aimed at questioning and questioning the "truths" momentary explained by students, providing moments in which to formulate new ideas, based on the needs required activities.
Efeitos da formação de classes de equivalência sobre a solução de problemas de adição e subtração
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-14)
Henklain, Marcelo Henrique Oliveira
;
Carmo, João dos Santos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1263046410329694
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3486276032268863
Research has shown that some properties of the additive problem may cause difficulties to solve it. The most important are: the problems presentation form, the semantic structure and the position of the unknown. Two experiments were conducted with some methodological differences, but both with the aim of investigating if the formation of an equivalence class between different problems presentation forms could reduce difficulties in solving problems. Eight students from the 2nd to the 5th year of elementary school with difficulties in solving problems of the pretest analysis participated in Experiment 1. It was applied a procedure for teaching conditional discriminations between different forms of presentation of addition problems (numeralproblem, word-problem, collection-problem and balance-problem), followed by Posttest 1. There was an increase in the percentage of accuracy for all types of problems, but five participants had difficulties with the balance-problems. It was also assessed if an additional procedure for teaching algorithmic for problem solving additives with unknowns at positions a and b could produce even greater increase in the percentage of correct answers. There were two sessions for teaching the addition algorithm, followed by post-test 2, and two sessions for teaching subtraction algorithm, succeeded by Posttest 3 and generalization test. Four participants showed an increase in the percentage of correct responses at post-test 2 and six at Post-test 3. This result, although positive, suggests that procedural changes are necessary so that all may be benefited by learning algorithms. Participants achieved 100% correct responses at generalization test. In Experiment 2, three forms of presentation (numeral-problem, word-problem and balance-problem) were used. The goal was to produce the formation of two sets of equivalence classes, one of addition and one of subtraction, and evaluate its effect on problem solving performances. In order to reduce difficulties with balance, two sessions were designed to teach participants about their operation. Eight students in the 2nd to 5th year that presented difficulties in the pre-test problem solving participated. After the formation of classes, it was found in Post-test 1 that all participants increased the percentage of correct answers. It was then assessed whether a practice in solving balance-problems could further improve this performance, which was confirmed. In Generalization Test 1, all participants reached percentages above 75% accuracy. We evaluated whether it would be possible to improve the teaching of algorithms phase of Experiment 1. We performed a single session for teaching together addition and subtraction algorithms, which was followed by post-test 3, in which there was an increase in the percentage of correct responses. Then the generalization test was reapplied, in which all achieved 100% accuracy. In Experiment 2, at each post-test, there was improvement in performance. It was demonstrated that the teaching procedures adopted are important to reduce learning difficulties in problem solving.
Repercussões do tratamento medicamentoso para o paciente com hepatite C crônica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-14)
Oliveira, Daniela Maria Falcão de
;
Figueiredo, Rosely Moralez de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2597491235073085
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7389048562762649
Hepatitis C is a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. It is currently estimated that there are between 2% and 3% infected people in the world, representing from 123 million to 170 million people. One also must account for this disease progressing to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Drug treatment, clinical follow-up, and uncertain prognosis of this disease usually give rise to adversities, which destabilize its patients daily routines and compromise their quality of life. Only after the first treatment can the person actually feel ill. Therefore, it is important to understand the impact of this phenomenon on patients. Goals: To understand chronic hepatitis C patients perceptions, meanings, and feelings about the disease treatment and its repercussions on their everyday life. Methods: During this research, of a qualitative nature, twelve patients being treated for chronic hepatitis C were interviewed at the Viral Hepatitis Clinic in São Carlos, Brazil. The final size of the sample was determined by theoretical saturation. The data were analyzed by means of content analysis technique (enunciation analysis) so as to grasp the meanings of expressions and feelings contained in the participants statements. Results: As regards the interviewees, there was a predominance of females (nine women and three men), all São Carlos residents. Their average age was 49 years, ranging from 35 to 65. As to the participants marital status, most of them (9) were married. Regarding their schooling, most patients (8) had studied 8-12 years. As for their occupation, two were retired and two were on a sick leave as a result of adverse treatment events. The data generated by the semi-structured questionnaire were organized into six categories encompassing both the factors mentioned by the patients and the researchers observations and inferences, namely: medication; adverse events and dispensation of medication; reactions to losses, fears, and distress; stigma and prejudice; lived sexuality; coping with their new reality. The results are discussed in light of two themes: (1) becoming sick due to treatment: perceived aspects and (2) undergoing treatment: the means to cope with it. Conclusion: The quality of Hepatitis C patients lives and daily routines is compromised by different feelings and uncertainties about the disease prognosis, especially due to adverse drug events. However, patients find ways to cope with the treatment and finish it presuming a satisfactory outcome. It is suggested that health professionals acknowledge this commitment and integrate, into their professional practices, interventions that increase patients awareness and support.
A hipótese da fragilidade financeira de Minsky e a regulação financeira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-16)
Pegorer, André Fernando
;
Cruz Júnior, José César
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0086426315229286
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421539373648875
;
Diegues Júnior, Antonio Carlos
Given the complexity of financial instruments currently in use, the purpose of this study is to examine, according to the proposed economic theory of Hyman P. Minsky, the factors that led to the recent financial crisis, which began in the mortgage market and expanded throughout the financial system. The residential mortgage market, as well as the financial regulation and supervision frameworks, was examined based on the Financial Fragility Hypothesis and the theory of financial cycles, as proposed by Minsky. The framework that the financial structure created prior to the crisis would not have been possible without the use of credit derivatives. This research finds that the use of credit derivatives were the primary financial instrument that drove the expansion of the credit cycle and produced vast losses during the crisis. This new financial structure, burdened by a complex structured finance, amplified the positive outlook of economic units and that allow very high credit expansion rates for a long period. And its collapse required the ensuing government intervention in the economy. Such intervention, which occurred through fiscal and monetary policies and a direct rescue of failing institutions, was necessary in both preventing the full collapse of the entire financial system and in stabilizing it. This study additionally applies an econometric model of the Minskyan theory to test whether the use of credit derivatives contributed to expanding the fragility of the financial system during its expansion. Finally, the study analyzes the drivers of the strong growth rate of the credit derivatives markets in the context of financial regulation, as such markets are exposed to high risk and therefore have a significant potential to increase financial fragility.
Vivências psicossociais de pacientes que concluíram o tratamento de tuberculose no interior do Estado de São Paulo: um estudo clínico-qualitativo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-16)
Dias, Ana Angélica Lima
;
Figueiredo, Rosely Moralez de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2597491235073085
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4545217463168031
Tuberculosis (TB) is a curable disease, however, is still a stigmatized disease. People with TB suffer from the disease, not only by clinical manifestations, but also with prejudice, embarrassing situations and even a self-discrimination that contribute to social isolation. This study aimed to analyze the psychosocial experiences of patients who were treated for TB in São Carlos - SP. A clinical-qualitative methodology was used as it seeks the meanings assigned by subject. 15 people who had completed TB treatment were studied as participants, the definition of the sample is given by the criteria of saturation. A data collection method, semi-directed interviews recorded on digital media were and were later transcribed and analyzed. Data analysis was based on the method of thematic content analysis as proposed by Bardin. Two thematic units were determined: Obstacles to cure TB and Psychosocial Experiences from the treatment. In the first thematic unit sub-categories that were listed: difficulties in diagnosis and supervised treatment. In the second thematic unity sub-categories that were listed: suffering in the face of disease, the impact on family and social context, the support of the health service and its effects after treatment. There is the thematic unity "obstacles to cure TB" that patients have difficulties in identifying the disease and health services sojourn until this diagnosis, patients suffer from adverse drug reactions; supervised treatment was identified as a facilitator for the completion of treatment, because they feel taken care of by the team and also as an obstacle to change the daily routine due to frequent displacement of health facilities. In the unit "Living resulting psychosocial treatment" found that the disease still causes distress to patients for fear of transmission, they are also victims of prejudice and fear of death. Suffering is also caused by stigmatizing, prejudicial actions in society. Family and health team offer support to patients and were essential to the completion of treatment. However, friends and colleagues keep away from them because of the fear of contagion and / or prejudice. The lack of knowledge about the disease and its mode of transmission are present in the statements of interviewees, which can still reproduce the stigma of the disease. The absence from work during treatment may be due to health conditions and also to minimize the constraints. It is concluded that health professionals should be aware of the repercussions that the treatment of TB leads the patient to minimize the obstacles that the disease causes in the patient's life. For this to happen the professional should allow sharing moments of anguish, suffering, psychosocial and biological changes so that the treatment is completed with fewer obstacles.
Contribuição da experiência percepto-motora para o desempenho de habilidades manuais em lactentes, crianças e jovens com incapacidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-17)
Campos, Ana Carolina de
;
Rocha, Nelci Adriana Cicuto Ferreira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5292093208120940
Voluntary manual actions over objects emerge during the first half year of infants lives. These actions evolve from an exploratory characteristic to functional manipulative use of objects and its development is mediated by the limbs motor skill, by the experience in the task, and by the object properties. Research in the field has suggested that the perceptual-motor experiences arising from manual actions change the infants interactions with the world and impact their motor, perceptual and cognitive development. The first study of this manuscript is a literature review aimed at gathering information on the role of risk factors for developmental delay in the performance of exploratory actions over objects, and on the theoretical and methodological aspects underlying the assessment of these actions. The results from Study 1 showed that different risk conditions affect infants performance in particular ways. Few studies have investigated the early development of exploratory actions in infants at risk and taken into account the remarkable changes in motor skill seen in the period of emergence of reaching. Therefore, in Study 2 the development of exploratory actions was assessed in 16 typically-developing (TD) infants and 9 infants with Down syndrome (DS) at the age of reaching onset and the two subsequent months, considering the infants group and the object properties of size and rigidity. The results showed that infants with DS reach for and explore objects less frequently than TD infants, especially the small objects. Infants from both groups changed the amount of reaches with the experience in grasping, but only TD infants changed the amount of exploration in the same period. Pre-grasping actions were different for each object, but less efficient in generating action-relevant information in the DS group. These infants also performed fewer behaviors that required greater motor skill. To obtain a longitudinal view of the development of manual actions, 13 of the same participants were reassessed at the age 2 years, and the results are presented in Study 3. This study showed that children with DS at that age have difficulties in manipulating objects, especially in performing anticipatory adjustments to small objects and sequential strategies required to manipulate objects with complex shapes. The child s group was predictive of the fine motor and cognitive performance assessed by the Bayley Scales of Infants and Toddler Development Third edition, in that children with DS had inferior performance compared to the TD group. The ability to grasp objects in the period after reaching onset was predictive of the performance in the fitting task in both groups. This result shows the contribution of perceptual-motor experience in early developmental stages to the performance of manual actions later in life. Finally, in Study 4 it was assessed the hand function in 11 individuals with hemidystonia and 9 healthy volunteers. Bilateral sensory and motor deficits were found in the hemidystonia group, and these deficits were correlated with the hand impairment level. Taken together, the results show that manual skills emerge and are modified by the individuals perceptual-motor experiences and that reduced experiences may impact the functional performance of people with disabilities throughout the development.
O mito e a mídia: a imagem da ciência na revista Ciência Hoje das Crianças (2009-2010)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-17)
Sousa, Raquel Juliana Prado Leite de
;
Hayashi, Carlos Roberto Massao
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9136586124586219
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2656143420387058
This research analyses the scientific divulgation from children made by the Ciência Hoje das Crianças magazine, publication of Sociedade Brasileira para o Progresso da Ciência, in order to verify which science image is broadcasted by this publication, having a base of theoric framework in the field o f Science, Technology and Society (STS) and methodological conception of Content Analyses with qualitative approach. The aim of this research is to make an exploratory analysis of all the 2009 and 2010 editions in order to verify the presence or absence of scientific neutrality in the building the science image. It was used the categorization for collection by defining the categories of analyses a posteriori. The analyses which demonstrate the presence or absences of neutral scientific were raised, a) salvationism, b) superiority of techonocratical decision model, c) determinism, d) scientific controversial, e) research methodology, f) non-scientific knowledge (traditional, cultural, pop). It was realized that the univocal visions of science are predominant, the traditional knowledge appears in rare exceptions and the research results possesses the value of truth and superiority in favor of social wellbeing and technocracy. The research methodology inserts the notion that science is an observation process in constant construction; meanwhile there is absence of scientific controversies, except the fixed sections, it was verified that only 3.9% of the articles were signed by the editorial staff of the magazine; one of the articles appears unsigned. The authors of those reports and articles are generally from the states of Rio de Janeiro (41.04%), São Paulo (15.60%) and Minas Gerais (8.67%), which represents 65.31% of the total. The majority of quoted affiliations institutions are localized in the states of Rio de Janeiro (40.28%), São Paulo (15.64%) and Minas Gerais (10.20%). The most quoted institutions were Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (12.04%), Universidade de São Paulo (12.04%), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (11.44%), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (11.44%), Universidade Brasília (4.81%) and Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais (3.61%), which reveals that although the magazine is made for a notional range society, researchers and groups from Rio de Janeiro have the authorship predominance. Starting from hegemony of the Gramsci conception which the predominant class, or part of it, imposes her vision of the world promoting a cultural and ideological unification, we question which scientific culture has being disseminated in that publication, especially if you consider that Sociedade Brasileira para o Progresso da Ciência is a national range entity, which represents scientists from all Brazilian territory.
História e memória na contramão da expansão canavieira : um estudo das formas de resistência dos sitiantes do extremo noroeste paulista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-17)
Melo, Beatriz Medeiros de
;
Silva, Maria Aparecida de Moraes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6792025643983370
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1917141765879918
Imbuidos de una perspectiva analítica que se centró en la perspectiva de los procesos, que apenas puede explicarse desde el transcurrir historico, y en los sujetos que experimentan tales procesos por medio de la experiencia y la estructura de los sentimientos, buscamos analizar la resistencia de los rancheros del extremo noroeste paulista al investidura más reciente de la expansión del monocultivo de caña de azúcar para la industria. Realizamos esta intención por medio de un estudio comparativo de las familias de los ganaderos ubicados en diferentes partes del territorio de la microregión de Jales: uno donde predomina la pequeña agricultura familiar y diversificada y uno en el que se amplía con más fuerza el monocultivo de la caña de azúcar. Hemos observado expresarse la resistencia en los más diversos campos de la existencia (la economía, la cultura, la política), y también se tienen en cuenta las relaciones endógenas y exógenas que contribuyen a este proceso. El instrumento metodológico privilegiado es la metodología de la historia oral y la realización de entrevistas, material que está enriquecido por el tratamiento de los datos secundarios del IBGE, por análisis del proceso de transmisión de compra y venta de algunas propiedades pequeñas, la genealogía de la familia de uno de los rancheros, y el tratamiento de fotografías producidas y recogidas. El análisis comparativo realizado nos ofreció fértiles descubrimientos. En el camino del análisis, remitimonos, por un lado, al objeto en contra se dirige la resistencia, que es los diversos modos por medio de los cuales los agentes del capital (intermediarios, industrias de insumos, usinas de caña de azúcar) emprenden estrategias de extracción de ingresos y desarticulación de la organización de la unidad económica y social campesina. Por otro lado, ofrecemos varias ilustraciones de cómo los ganaderos resisten a este tipo de iniciativas. Ponemos énfasis en los senderos de resistencia a través de las luchas históricas y en el peso del pasado en las elecciones actuales, que se desarrollan en una variedad de prácticas y estrategias, que incluyen: la diversificación de la producción, de la comercialización y de los ingresos; la acumulación de conocimiento a través de las generaciones; la resistencia de algunos ganaderos para seguir viviendo y produciendo en el campo; el trabajo agrícola incesante realizado por los hombres, pero también por las mujeres, jóvenes y ancianos; la búsqueda de formas de comercialización directa; la reorganización de las organizaciones colectivas de apoyo a la producción y a la comercialización; el fortalecimiento de redes de confianza construidas entre los vecinos, los parientes y los mercados, que surgen como una forma de protección. También juegan un papel clave las manifestaciones indirectas y sutiles de resistencia, como los rumores puestos en circulación en contra la actuación de la Usina, las sospechas sobre el mercado y sus agentes. Estos eventos crean un "atmosfera" desfavorable para aquellos que condena. A través de diversas expresiones de la cultura (el ocio, las fiestas, los asados de la bolsita , las reuniones familiares que ocurren en las pequeñas propiedades) también se vuelve más fuerte, además de la migración rural-urbana, una sociabilidad y una experiencia con el espacio que expresan un sentimiento de ruralidad (un término inspirado en la idea del sentimiento de localidad). Este sentimiento, junto a las expresiones más objetivas de resistencia percibidas en la región, constituyen una trama social y espacial predominantemente rural.
Simulação do efeito de palhada e adubação nitrogenada na produtividade de cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-17)
Costa, Leandro Garcia da
;
Assad, Maria Leonor Ribeiro Casimiro Lopes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0379324550884468
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2213226580008298
The increasing demand for alternative energy sources for replacing fossil fuels has attracted investments for Brazilian sugarcane industry, which has been widely reconized as a model of renewable energy producer. To ensure financial security is necessary that production of sugarcane provide the socioeconomic and agri-enviromental needs, with emphasis on the relationship between the production of electricity from the burning of biomass and ethanol by new ways of obtaining such as cellulose hydrolysis and the maintenance of sugarcane trash under the soil. Process based crop models based, such as APSIM (Agricultural Productions Systems Simulator), are useful tools for planing the production system and to identify the bottlenecks influencing the profitability of the sector. The objective was to model the growth and productivity of green and burnt sugarcane harvesting systems, under several nitrogen fertilizer levels (60, 120 and 180 kg ha-1). The study was based on two experiments located in Piracicaba-SP and Salinas-MG caried on with cultivar SP80-1842. The evaluation of the model showed that the APSIM-Sugarcane is able to drescribe adequately the growth and productivity of cane sugar production in these environments, once the modeling eficiency (E) was greater than 0.9 for stlak dry mass (MS). Simulations also showed that the amount of trash on the soil would affect the crop yield and the remotion of trash for using in the mills would ultimately decrease the sugarcane yield along the time. However, in these simulations, the crop did not respond to nitrogen fertilization.
A pequena frase "a esperança venceu o medo" na imprensa cotidiana brasileira : uma leitura discursiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-17)
Souza, Marilena Inácio de
;
Baronas, Roberto Leiser
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4613001301744682
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1289693953261899
It is not from today that we live with the discursive spread of small phrases . Since immemorial times, phrases have been separated from their contexts or co-texts and given into circulation singly, as if they were statements above and outside the common texts be they literary, religious, political, scientific or philosophical. In our western society, the phenomenon always occurred, but maybe it has intensified the contemporary world. Media is perhaps the main vehicle and, therefore, the most efficient manager: headlines, eyes , phrases of the week, article titles, main calls, etc. Present trend is fragmentation, of short discourses, due to the fastness with which the facts are given into narrative. The small phrases is, in fact, a communicational practice that newspapers, sites, social networks manage when they publish statements in highlighted condition in their pages. Discursive proliferation of the statement Hope overcame fear taken, here, as analysis object is an example of what we are talking about. Its constant circulation through different fields leads us to interpret it as a pandemic statement, a kind of statement that exceeds even the limits of panaforization (a term that combines pan , of pandemic, and aphorization), occurrences of this statement exceeds the limits of time and space (they keep alive and moves at full speed in media enunciative detachments ten years after its eruption/media explosion in the speech of the elected candidate Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva-PT in 2002). It is, in this case of a statement which discursive status resemble that of a proverb that goes from media support to media support, lasting through times. Throughout thesis, anchored in the discussions proposed by Dominique Maingueneau (2006, 2007, 2010a, 2010b), we show that statement in study infiltrates in newspapers headlines, in article titles, in Youtube video titles, in main calls for forums and debates etc, making raise all species tensions in media. Without the attempt to define all the meanings that different occurrences of the statement Hope overcame fear circulates, because in each manifestation, the meanings are historicized of a different manner, this doctoral research assumes a dual task: in one hand, it tries to account particular data of a non-topic route unity, on the other hand, seeks to describe and analyze linguistic-discursive functioning of the constants detachments of the referred statement in the media Brazilian context. Recent works developed by Maingueneau, specially, those resulting of his research program Aphorizating enunciation that will be the theoretical and methodological support in this work. We believe that the calibration of the conceptual tools mentioned in distinct data frequented by Dominique Maingueneau can illuminate paths for the explanation and comprehension of the linguistic-discursive functioning, not only of the statement Hope overcame fear , but of a whole set of statements, whose main characteristics stems from the fact that they are quotable , memorable , detachable , not only for a brief period, but for a relatively long time with a unique ability of mean different events without cling to none. The analysis that we propose, from a very specific corpus can, thus, gives even more consistence to the Aphorizating Enunciation, which is really new in the franco-brazilian space. We believe that our research can also add to a interpretation of recent history of Brazilian politics. However, an interpretation that does not departs from huge happenings, but of the discursive production of historical events through small phrases .
A prática da documentação clínica ambulatorial sob a ótica de terapeutas ocupacionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-12-18)
Panzeri, Carla Simon Benevides
;
Palhares, Marina Silveira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2203512055609330
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3528199089241595
The clinical documentation in occupational therapy is developed whenever the service is offered to a client to register and report information pertaining to care. The aim of the study is to identify how this is done and what the perception of occupational therapists about the practice of outpatient clinical documentation is. The research was conducted in two stages: documentary research, through qualitative research of legal documents in Brazil; and field research, descriptive and exploratory study, conducted with 104 active occupational therapists in the state of Sao Paulo who worked in outpatient services. This was carried out using an online questionnaire and data was analyzed using quantitative methods, descriptive statistics and specific tests for comparison and correlation of variables. The results of the field research show: 64.4% of the records are held only on paper; all respondents perform assessment records; one makes no record of intervention / monitoring; and 13.5% do not carry records of patient discharge. Also, 91.9% reported some level of satisfaction with their own record. Virtually all clinical documentation was considered to be necessary and useful. The results revealed a significant correlation (p <0.05) with the level of satisfaction with their own practice of clinical documentation the variables: considered have sufficient knowledge for the development of the records, and values attributed to the practice of clinical documentation (those who consider it complex or difficult present a lower level of satisfaction when compared to those who consider it simple or easy). As for documentary research, 123 documents of different organs of origin were selected and will be analyzed qualitatively, with 103 consisting of reports, technical notes or orders, and the rest, ordinances, resolutions, and Decree. Only 13 of them are specific to the occupational therapy. It was considered that the data obtained allowed an initial approach to the topic, identifying as clinical records are held by occupational therapists working in outpatient care and what their perception of this practice, and identify aspects that influence this perception. The documentary research helped to understand and contextualize the practice of clinical documentation in Brazil, especially in relation to occupational therapy. The study could also contribute to the identification of topics of interest for future research on the topic and to produce knowledge that can guide the development of better quality of clinical documentation by occupational therapists.