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Validação do diagnóstico de enfermagem: eliminação urinária prejudicada com foco em lactentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-15) Miranda, Francine Ramos de; Napoleão, Anamaria Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8539664594837249; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3618401386584520
It is known that the observation of the urinary elimination of child in routine pediatric clinic helps identify human responses and thereby prevent complications present and future. It can be inferred that the analysis of the nurse on the urinary elimination of child and accuracy in the preparation of nursing diagnoses (ND) is of fundamental importance. With respect to Impaired Urinary Elimination (IUE) NANDA- I, Inc, it may be identified the possibility of gaps, especially for infants with disorders urinary elimination, insofar as this population has particulars on how exhibit this problem. Thus, this study was aimed at making the concept analysis, validation by experts and observation of the proposed Impaired Urinary Elimination DE by NANDA- I, Inc. This is a descriptive study of validation of nursing diagnoses, based on the model proposed by Hoskins, but with adaptations. For the development of the concept analysis was performed a literature review in the databases LILACS, PubMed, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library, trying to select studies that founding the concept analysis based on the model of Walker and Avant, which proposes an investigation of the basic elements of an concept developed in eight steps. It were eligible 25 studies to conduct the concept analysis . To perform the analysis of all elements of diagnosis, it were also consulted 2 books of Pediatric Urology, 2 books on human physiology and 2 dictionaries of medical terms. The validation was performed by experts based on validation by consensus, which is a process whereby it is obtained the opinion or agreement between the author and a group of at least three experts. Interview was also conducted with 10 accounted for infants with urinary changes regarding the presence of the defining characteristics identified in concept analysis. As a result of CA it was identified that the concept was used IUE more frequently by medicine and its specialties and in a quantity less expressive by nursing. The defining attributes identified were: fever, urinary retention, weak urinary stream, inconsolable crying, crying during urination, irritability, hematuria, fetid urine, dysuria perception by parents and urination drip, among others. Among the antecedents identified are: urinary tract dilatation, hydronephrosis, genitourinary malformations, pyelonephritis, obstructive uropathy, urinary tract infection, vesicoureteral reflux, among others. The main effects were: weight loss, renal failure, acute renal parenchyma, growth deficiency and decreased renal function. From the data of CA it were suggested changes in wording of dysuria and DC including new DC. The proposed amendments after AC were analyzed by 10 experts. For selection and scoring of the experts it was used the scale proposed by Fehring in which the experts must reach at least 5 points. Of the 10 selected expert, 60% achieved a score of 5 to 7 points and 40% reached a score of 10 to 14 points. As a result of this step, among the DC proposed by NANDA I, Inc, it were validated urinary retention and dysuria . It was proposed a new wording for dysuria defining characteristic, namely, dysuria (in infants, crying when urinating or reporting parental perception of dysuria in infants). From the new proposed DC it were validated hematuria, fetid urine, anuria, oliguria, irritability and fever. It have also been suggested new DC by the experts. Regarding Factors Related (FR), from those proposed by NANDA-I, Inc just FR multiple causes has not been validated. The clinical stage was composed of a sample of 10 infants, 5 boys and 5 girls, 40% aged 1-3 months, 20% at age 5-7 months and 40% at age 8 to 12 months. The most part of medical diagnoses found was that of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI). The DC found most frequently were: fever (80%), crying during urination (60%), strain during urination (60%) and oliguria (50%). The results can contribute to improving the care of infants presenting dysfunction in the elimination of urine, leading to appropriate interventions in this population and promoting a safe care by seeking satisfactory results.
Em casa, na pista ou na escola é tanto babado: espaços de sociabilidade de jovens travestis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-15) Monzeli, Gustavo Artur; Lopes, Roseli Esquerdo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1507752191797249; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0110941841939417
The aim of this study was to understand, from the experience of four young people who at some point in research called themselves transvestites , residing in São Carlos (SP), the main techniques and strategies used by them for the management and manipulation of their own characteristics regarding their body, subjectivity and identity, in order to participate in certain spaces of sociability, focusing on family contexts, formal education institutions and also prostitution. The work has been organized into four sections. Initially, it introduces an historical debate and academic production about the topic related to gender and sexuality, then it addresses entrance to the search field, from ethnographic contributions and, finally, to contextualize the territories where the research took place. The second section considers the multiplicity of ways to consider and to construct signs of what is considered feminine in bodies assigned as male. Additionally, it presents the history of each interlocutor of this research, trying to point out their unique experiences in these body, subjective and identity building processes. In the third section, we discuss the different techniques and strategies used by them to participate in different contexts such as family, school and prostitution, and how these relations are built depending on the persons involved, as well as their interests and desires. And lastly, contextualizes the propositions of social occupational therapy and its possible implications in everyday life of the individuals in their territories belonging, pointing out how the circulation of these young people in their territories have repercussions on the levels of insertion and restriction, allowing or not their existences in different spaces. It is believed that this dissertation contributes, beyond the multiplicity of forms of construction and understanding bodies, subjectivities and transvestites identities, with a dialogue among the possible links between social occupational therapy and circulation of individuals in their territories belonging.
A avaliação de língua inglesa no ENEM : efeitos de seu impacto social no contexto escolar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-15) Blanco, Juliana; Paula, Sandra Regina Buttros Gattolin de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9228036521343293; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5956499257075926
During all life we test and are tested, in many contexts and situations and with many purposes. (MCNAMARA, 2000) One of the most famous tests is the educational one, which can be internal, prepared and applied by the teacher of the subject, or can be external, designed by an expert and applied to students. About external tests, nowadays, in Brazil we have Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM). This exam was first applied in 1998 with performance function, to evaluate students at the end of basic education. In 2010, ENEM was changed and one of the changes was the insertion of English language test. The English test part is composed of five multiple choice questions of text comprehension. At this moment, ENEM became a high stake exam in Brazilian context due to its multiple functions: entrance exam, or part of it, in federal universities; way of selection for private universities; and it also continued to be a performance test. As a consequence, the number of people applying the exam grew, and in 2012 it was taken by more than five millions of people. Thus, according to Scaramucci (2010), this exam tends to have consequences in English teaching and learning and in people‟s lives. Therefore, our focus in this study is on the insertion of the English test in ENEM and its implications, which can be positive or negative about English and its subject. It is important to consider the importance of knowing the English language nowadays, because of its hegemony in the world, due to political and social importance of countries where it is spoken. (RAJAGOPALAN, 2010) By this way, this dissertation has the objective of presenting a master research whose focus is discovering and analyzing the social initial impact caused by the insertion of English in the exam, by data collected among students and teachers, all of them involved with studying or preparing students for the exam. This study is qualitative, without testing ready hypothesis, but intending to find out what students and teachers think about ENEM and, mainly, about the English language. The participants of this research project are students and teachers of the last year of high school and from a preparatory course for entrance exam. All of them took ENEM in 2011. Data was collected using questionnaires and interviews with students and teachers of one school and one preparatory course in a city of São Paulo state. An initial impact could be evidenced from data analysis, showing the exam relevance to society and to Language education at regular schools. However, even though the English test in ENEM has been recently applied to students, some consequences are notable and considerable. The analysis showed both external and internal classroom consequences and the opinion of people involved with the exam about ENEM English questions mainly. We believe that the impact will be more evident in some years when the exam is effectively established and teachers are familiar with its format and its construct
Desenvolvimento de kit didático para reprodução tátil de imagens visuais de livros de física do ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-15) Torres, Josiane Pereira; Mendes, Enicéia Gonçalves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8280180476421117
Produção de etanol anidro por destilação extrativa utilizando soluções salinas e glicerol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-15) Matugi, Karina; Giordano, Roberto de Campos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1949956462300165
An alternative of renewable fuel is the anhydrous ethanol from biomass. Its production has to aim the minimum consumption of hydric and energetic resources. The bottleneck of the process is located in the downstream that requires technological development with thermodynamics reasoning. This master s degree seeks to address this aspect by studying the dehydration of ethanol by extractive distillation making use of liquid solvent glycerol, salts of potassium acetate and calcium chloride, or both kinds of resources. These resources, called separation agents, can "break" the barrier of azeotropy and have advantages such as no top product contamination and lower energy consumption. The rectification column plus the conventional dehydration system are replaced by a single extractive distillation column which is itself the rectification column, adding the separating agents in the reflux stream. The simulation is performed in steady state using a rigorous model for calculating the column. For non-electrolytic systems UNIFAC model was used, and for systems involving electrolytes UNIFAC model with the addition of the Debye-Hückel term and UNIFAC-Dortmund model. Maximum values for the mean of absolute deviations of temperature and of ethanol molar fraction in vapor phase were 5,51 K and 0,0646 respectively. Though, it was observed that the deviations were higher in the region of least ethanol concentration. The simulation of extractive column with glycerol converged generating anhydrous ethanol following the specification, being a proof of the concept that the application of the proposed process was successful. The simulation of the saline extractive distillation presented difficulties of convergence which will need to be studied in future works.
Processo comunicacional familiar no contexto do câncer infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-15) Borges, Amanda Aparecida; Dupas, Giselle; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9461883918498554
Childhood cancer is a chronic disease of permanent and long lasting. It is a condition considered rare, when compared to adults, representing 0.5% to 3% of malignant tumors. When it affects the household, their routine undergoes significant changes, either by hospitalization or treatment process. In the redimensioning the family to meet the needs of child care, family members still encounter the difficult task of establishing communication with the child about his disease, requiring the reflection and support facility to cope with the disease. This manner, the present study aimed to know how to the family communicates with the child about cancer. This is a qualitative study, directed by symbolic interactionism as theoretical reference and thematic content analysis as a methodological reference. The data were collected through semi-structure interviews with families of children with cancer, who were in treatment for at least three months in a health care institution in the state of Minas Gerais. The analysis of data emerged from dynamically interconnected themes and categories, which concluded that family to establish communication with the child about his disease adopts a protectionist language. The disease stigma associated with informational support that the family receives health professionals and members of the family, makes the child's family choose words to give meaning to change in routine. This manner, the family, to dialogue with the child, no pervades the severity of the disease. The interaction that occurs in the subsystem and system family provides an extra subsidy that directly interferes with the meanings attributed by families and affect their actions. Even without exposing the disease severity , the family does not fail to show for the child the need to perform treatment for their rehabilitation, makes it so that the child collaborate during the procedures. The family believes that the transmission of messages of overcoming and optimism helps the child to overcome the disease.