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Negro intelectual, intelectual negro ou negro-intelectual: considerações do processo de constituir-se negro-intelectual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-03-15) Oliveira, Evaldo Ribeiro; Silva, Petronilha Beatriz Gonçalves e; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2447899367873195
This research entitled "Black Intellectual, Intellectual Black or Black-Intellectual: notes of the process of becoming Black-intellectual", aimed at understanding processes in which Black men and women have made himself / herself in intellectual and identify their experiences of men and women Blacks to form up and intellectuals can contribute to the education of ethnic-racial relations. For this purpose, I make the use of the research question: What processes are present in the form themselves as Black intellectuals? The methodology of the present research is based on principles of Phenomenological that inspires the researcher's stance in relation to the object of research, the research participants, the processes of collecting, analyzing and interpreting data. There were three in-depth conversations with professionals, self-identified Blacks, recognized as intellectuals, with the goal of understanding the meanings of processes experienced by Black men and women as they constitute intellectual. The research allowed an understanding that to constitute themselves as Black and as intellectual, there is a mutual strengthening of both: the Black person and the community to which they belong. Also identified not only studies schools and universities as places of education but also family influences, sensitivity to perceive and study social realities that affect Blacks and especially coexistence and fights with the Black Movement. The Black intellectuals seek to act in the community, in dialogue with the Black community, with other intellectuals and society in general. Its education proceeds in the following dimensions: Becoming Black: a testimony of Blackness; Digging spaces: actions, reactions and joints; Definitions and ide as of who is Black intellectual; Persistence and Militancy: as if you re working out in cold iron.
Inserção japonesa sobre a Ásia através de instituições de cooperação e fomento: modelo para o Brasil na sua consolidação na América do Sul
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-03-15) Chiarelli, João Rodrigues; Braga, Maria do Socorro Sousa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2311094074614215; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8642786083995896
This paper analyzes the capacity of Regional Cooperation by the Japanese state and the advantages obtained through strategic management of state institutions. For this research, take focus on internal historical factors and key political actors who led Japan's to become a Soft Power agent. The ultimate goal of this research is a timely contribution on the Japanese experience in the field of cooperation that may be of relevance for Brazilian diplomacy and expanding national Soft Power.
Secagem convectiva de folhas de hortelã: análise baseada no ajuste de correlações empíricas, superfícies de respostas e redes neurais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-03-15) Costa, Ariany Binda Silva; Ferreira, Maria do Carmo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7070885875161111; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9518055204202962
Mentha x villosa H. is a species of mint popularly known as regular mint. Besides being widely used as a spice, their leaves yield an essential oil with many healthy compounds that are commonly used in formulation of medicinal and cosmetic products. Convective drying is an interesting alternative to preserve such compounds, but because the oils are rich in aromatic constituents, and the leaves are fragile material, heating must be moderate and proper drying techniques have to be used. In the present work, the drying of mint leaves was investigated in two types of equipment, namely a natural convection oven and a forced convection horizontal dryer. The fresh leaves were initially characterized by measuring their dimensions, bulk density and moisture content. The influence of air temperature, size and growing stage of leaves on the drying kinetic curves was investigated initially for drying in the natural convection oven. The results showed that only the temperature affected the drying rates, while the size or growing stage had no significantly effect on the process. For forced convective drying, the influence of air temperature, air velocity and mass of the samples was investigated. The temperature was the variable with stronger influence on the drying curves. The mass of the sample affected the drying kinetics only at the highest temperature (60 oC), while the influence of air velocity was weak for most conditions. Empirical and semi-empirical models were fitted to experimental data of dimensionless moisture content versus time. The models from Page and Henderson-Pabis provided the best fittings to the experimental data, depending on the mass of the sample. To complement the analysis, multiple regression models based on surface responses were fitted to experimental data. Also, a neural network model was built to simulate experimental data. The resulting network needed seven neurons to represent satisfactorily the drying kinetic data, and provided excellent estimates of experimental results.
Compósitos de matrizes poliméricas com mantas aleatórias de fibras vegetais de sisal e de coco
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-03-15) Darros, Andressa Bella; Paiva, Jane Maria Faulstich de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7926832511513537; Botaro, Vagner Roberto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2907189124654066; Mancini, Sandro Donnini; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5091149098462301
The search for new materials in order to alleviate the environmental problems have encouraged the use of raw materials of natural origin to replace, at least partially, to synthetically produced. Vegetable fibers may be used for incorporation into composites of polymer matrices, being renewable, biodegradable and non-toxic. However, generally vegetable fibers exhibit lower mechanical and thermal properties due to the components present in the fiber (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) when compared with high performance fibers such as glass fibers and carbon. In general, polymeric matrices can be of three types; thermoset, thermoplastic and thermoplastic biodegradable. In this paper, polymeric matrices and composites of polymer matrices were obtained with the use of random webs of coconut fibers and sisal fibers by compression molding in a hydraulic press. This study involved a comparative study of composites molded polymer matrices with their epoxy resin, polypropylene (PP), and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) without fiber. Were performed some types of thermal and mechanical tests for all molded materials. The techniques used were differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TG), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) in bending mode, and mechanical tests of flexural and tensile before and after conditioning in air chamber, with temperature and humidity. The results of flexural tests to room temperature for composites of epoxy resin and PHB values were similar in the resistance of materials when compared to the respective polymer matrix without fibers. The composite of PP / sisal fibers showed a higher resistance when compared to PP without fiber, related to good fiber-matrix interaction. Flexural and tensile tests of specimens after the conditioning chamber for acclimatization showed decreases in resistance of all materials, being more pronounced for composites due to high moisture absorption of natural fibers. The results of DMTA before conditioning showed an increase in E' of the composites of epoxy resin as compared to the epoxy resin without fibers, because the fibers restrict the movement of the molecular chains located at the interfacial region. Relative to PP, composite PP / sisal fibers had an E' greater. The PHB without fibers showed a modulus greater than the composites containing coconut fiber and sisal fibers. DMTA analyzes performed on materials post conditioning decreased in modules, due to weakening of the fiber-matrix interactions.
Influência da complexidade do substrato na ecologia das comunidades de Chironomidae (Diptera)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-03-15) Mazão, Gustavo Rincon; Strixino, Susana Trivinho; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1804083229761186; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5483557281653769
With the purpose of elucidating some aspects concerning the importance of substrate spatial complexity to the ecology of Chironomidae (Diptera) family in Cerrado streams, three field experiments were carried out in Ipameri and Mimoso de Goiás Municipalities, Goiás State, Brazil. These experiments are described in three chapters that compose this thesis i) Temporal dynamics of Chironomidae (Diptera) larvae on substrates with different levels of spatial complexity and roughness in a Central Brazil stream; ii) Is substrate complexity important for Chironomidae (Diptera) larvae to resist hydrological disturbance?; iii) Influence of spatial complexity and roughness on Chironomidae (Diptera) assemblages. Artificial substrates with different complexity and roughness levels were fixed in bed streams for colonization of Chironomidae larvae. Samplings were taken after a period of 30 days. Results indicated that: i) Colonization of substrates by larvae was not influenced by substrate spatial complexity and no patterns of colonization were observed, considering the various ecological guilds; ii) Both complexity and roughness were not sufficient to maintain the abundance of these organisms, evidencing their sensibility to sudden rain events; iii) Spatial complexity and roughness of substrate influenced the structure of Chironomidade assemblages and were two important aspects to the diversity of these organisms.
Avaliação do pensamento contrafactual na depressão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-03-15) Faccioli, Juliana Sarantopoulos; Schelini, Patrícia Waltz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6185333517392859; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0106802523076912
Counterfactual thinking (CT) corresponds to the idea of mental constructions of alternatives for past event and serves an important function in an individual s adaptation and emotional coping. The aims of this study were to: (1) produce material to access and evaluate the counterfactual thinking of adults and (2) investigate the counterfactual thinking of depressed and non-depressed people, in order to determine if there are differences in how these two groups think about alternatives to reality. Five stories were prepared, using materials extracts from studies of counterfactual thinking, newspaper report and magazines articles. For each story, we formulated questions about thoughts related to the content read and about how these stories might have been different. The alternatives were formulated using aspects of reality most commonly modified by people, according to the literature: action or inaction, obligation, time and unusual events. Judges evaluated the texts and the questions, and ranked the alternatives provided according to aspects of reality that were modified. These materials were then used with 42 adults (85% female, mean age of 43 years). Subjects belonged one of two groups: depressed and non-depressed. Individual interviews were conducted. Initially, participants indicated their reactions to the stories then indicated modifications they would make, and then selected one of a pre-determined list of possible changes. The verbal responses of both groups were categorized using content analysis, and the frequency of responses, for each category, was compared using Student s t-Test. There were similarities in the CT for both groups. The majority of the CT was categorized as upward, subtractive, self-directed and refered to modifications in action or inactions. Few differences between the two groups were observed, mostly found through directed modifications.
Avaliação do retardamento do desenvolvimento de plântulas de espécies arbóreas nativas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-03-15) Banci, André Moisés; Gandolfi, Sergius; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4507066244348106; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6660367966334883
Due to the high rates of environmental degradation and their consequences to the population, environmental recovery in many areas is an urgent need. Recovering degraded areas may be done by using several techniques alone or in combination. The traditional recovery system by means of seedling planting is expensive and has limited guarantee of germination using no-tillage sowing. Therefore, this study tested the viability of experimentally growing seedlings from seven native tree species without them suffering significant changes, after storing the sprouts in cold chambers for periods ranging from 7 to 28 days. The results showed that it is possible to delay the growing of radicles in seedlings stored in cold chambers (15°C) when compared to seedlings stored in germinator (25°C). In four out of seven species (Marlierea eugeniopsoides, Cordia americana, Cedrela fissilis e Hymenaea courbaril) stored for 14 days in cold chambers, the seedlings survival rates were higher than 77% 60 days after they were seeded in the nursery containers. This survival rate was similar to the rate of seedlings not stored in cold chambers. In three species (Marlierea eugeniopsoides, Luehea grandiflora e Hymenaea courbaril) stored for 21 days the survival rates were higher than 75%. The species Marlierea eugeniopsoides did not show significant survival changes even after storage in cold chamber for 28 days.
Análise ergonômica do trabalho de colheita de citros: comparativo dos métodos de colheita manual e semimecanizado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-03-15) Costa, Simone Emmanuelle Alves; Camarotto, João Alberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1427853773681255; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8806699748610507
The Brazilian citrus business occupies a prominent place in the international market, with great economic and social significance in foreign exchange earnings and employment in the country respectively. In recent decades, the industry has been changing due to cyclical economic reasons, and these changes affect the harvesting process. In this context, the mechanization of the mentioned process diffuses as a possible alternative to reduce costs and increase productivity. However, the adoption of these new technologies in Brazilian orchards lacks analysis from the perspective of health and productivity, as opposed to the consolidated manual harvesting. The aim of this study is to bring a qualitative and quantitative comparison of the impacts on working conditions and productivity, between the use of manual harvesting methods and of multi-platform in São Paulo State orchards. On this purpose, it was used the approach of ergonomics analysis, focusing on activity, evaluating times and repeatability of cycles, as well as the amount of movements performed and energy expenditure for each of the methods. The results indicated a pronounced physical stress on the use of manual harvesting with increased caloric expenditure and amount of movements required to complete the harvest cycle. Despite evidence of work intensification in the use of platforms, this method has increased its viability by reducing the main constraints identified in the analysis of the collector‟s activity, especially those related to the use of stairs, as well as maintaining the quality of the fruit harvested.