Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2013-03-20"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 7 de 7

Discriminações condicionais em bebês de risco: o responder por exclusão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-03-20) Sertori, Natália Maria; Gil, Maria Stella Coutinho de Alcântara; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1673770301699940; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4989052052680767
Exclusion responding has been investigated as the immediate choice for unknown comparison stimuli (picture or object) facing a model stimulus also unknown. For Behavior Analysis, it is one of the processes by which children learn to relate new words to new objects or new events. This process has been extensively investigated under experimental conditions and is usually based on studies made by the teaching of "conditional discrimination" with the technique of matching to sample. Considering the advances in literature, the present study aimed to investigate exclusion responding in infants aged between 13 and 20 months, with indicators of difficulties in language acquisition. Data collection began by teaching familiar conditional relations in base lines, using familiar stimuli. After the establishment of such relations, tests of exclusion, control and learning with familiar insertion using objects intercalated between the base lines were conducted. The results demonstrated the repeatability of the procedure, seen in previous studies, through which the population of young children respond by exclusion and some show, after being exposed to more than one attempt, they learn to relate word-object. Control probes showed that all babies responded under control of the topography of selection and rejection in different attempts. Two participants demonstrated control only by selection in all attempts. The procedure was terminated either if the baby hit the learning probe or after a maximum of two sessions with five attempts. One can assume that this study brings an important variable - the investigation of the control of responding by exclusion, with babies from this age group - using the "teaching notebook" as storage apparatus, in hopes to bring about a more natural environment for the child, in order to not to cause "strangeness" to the little ones, besides all methodological difficulties that audience brings. In the present study, emphasis was given to the teaching procedures of exclusion responding to babies at developmental risk, younger than populations previously studied, in order that studies with small children in the language acquisition phase can contribute to the proposition of further studies for the improvement of language teaching procedures.
A gestão entra em cena: um estudo do programa gestão nota 10 do Instituto Ayrton Senna
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-03-20) Stabelini, Ana Maria; Riscal, Sandra Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8644271456768354
This study aims to identify and analyse the theoretical and methodological foundations in which underlie the Programa Gestão Nota 10, from Ayrton Senna Institute, which aims to implement a management methodology in public schools. The study was conducted through analysis of category of management, partnership and social justice that support the discourse presented by the Institute in its disclosure documents and course material, focused on managers of public networks in the municipalities which are partners of the program .We also analysed some action strategies proposed in partnership with two local systems of education - the cities of São Roque Guariba - in the state of São Paulo. The findings show that the program presents management concepts, partnership and social justice, removed from the productive sphere. The results management is considered by the Office as the most appropriate form of management for the school to be more efficient and effective and should be adopted by all public education. On the other hand partnership policy seems to work as a supply of services of the Institute, which would help in solving the problems faced by municipalities. In relation to the issue of social justice, they believe that equality of opportunity is the possibility of being able to enter in the labor market. Furthermore, there is a use of range of terms that, despite they are similar, they take on different meanings. We also note that the implementation of results management is encouraged not only in educational administration, but on the whole educational process by encouraging students to be managers of their learning process.
A escola e o bairro entre o público e o privado: um estudo da concepção do Programa de Gestão Comunitária da Associação Cidade Escola Aprendiz
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-03-20) Freitas, Mayara de; Riscal, Sandra Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0325728474204996
This study has enquired the Bairro-Escola conception, a social program from the ONG Associação Cidade Escola Aprendiz. Terms such as Bairro-Escola , Educador Comunitário , and Gestor Público em Educação Comunitária have had their meanings analyzed according to community, partnership, and social justice ideas. The data on Bairro-Escola were collected from its documentation in websites, manuals, projects, etc. From this data, the Bairro-Escola s purposes have been compared to the theoretical concepts which one alleges to guide this program. One seeks to know how the Associação Cidade Escola Aprendiz s policy is conducted by compensatory actions which are part of modernization, rationalization, and result management projects that they have been developed in the brazilian education policy. That research has in Max Weber, John Rawls, Maurício Tragtenberg, and Evelina Dagnino s studies their theoretical support. In those studies, concepts as work, progress, modernization, rationalization (Weber), fairness, social justice (Rawls), management, self-management, ideology, administration (Tragtenberg), perverse confluence, participation, and citizenship (Dagnino) are discussed. In this study, we found some concepts about education within the Bairro-Escola project from the Associação Cidade Escola Aprendiz. Communitarian education features are like the perverse confluence, that look for improving the human and social capital by development of their abilities. This development has a constitutive ambiguity between the mercantile interests in maximizing profits and the public image based on "social responsibility."
Biodiversidade como tema para a educação ambiental : contextos urbanos, sentidos atribuídos e possibilidades na perspectiva de uma educação ambiental crítica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-03-20) Thiemann, Flávia Torreão Corrêa da Silva; Oliveira, Haydée Torres de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5458113597909705; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4159638058064663
Biodiversity is all around us, in what we wear, eat, into objects from our daily, past and future lives. It is present as an explosion of colors and hues, sounds and smells. It is both invisible and inescapable. The discourses on biodiversity are also multiple: it is the basis of life on Earth, it is essential, and yet suffers constant threats. In this thesis we seek to raise possibilities of working with biodiversity as a theme in an urban environment, the São Carlos Ecological Pole, and to understand the meanings attributed to biodiversity by researchers and students in the Life Sciences and similar areas, and to envision possibilities for addressing the concept of biodiversity in environmental education processes conducted within the principles of a critical environmental education. We conducted a qualitative study, using naturalist research techniques and the Delphi Method, and used a philosophical hermeneutics perspective to interpret and understand the data. This research generated nine categories of meaning attributed to biodiversity: Concreteness, Symbolic, Knowledge, Holism, Kaleidoscope, Hidden, Threatened, Inclusive and Exclusive, listed 16 sets of concepts considered essential, organized in spheres that contemplate aspects of scientific content, values and action, and six suggestions of themes that can help the process of learning about biodiversity: Experiencing biodiversity; "Opening your eyes" for biodiversity; Exercising dialogue/discussions; Acknowledging the importance of biodiversity and the limits of human interference; Biodiversity in our own territory; Overcoming teaching fragmentation. The results are ideas, suggestions, possibilities to be explored from the perspective of a critical environmental education, and must be contextualized in processes that respect the multiplicity of views on environmental issues, and seek understanding and to build agreements that allow for action in favor of the diversity of life on Earth.
Experimentos probabilísticos: noções de probabilidade no ensino fundamental II
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-03-20) Biajoti, Emerson Donizeti; Paterlini, Roberto Ribeiro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6240750958932738; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4975815157723039
This work has as its main goal to show the results of an instructive and pedagogical research which uses games with coins and dice, whose solutions and appropriate teacher´s mediation, allow the student to make the construction about the initial concepts of Probability. This research, through the engineering instructive method, took place in four different 7th grade classrooms in a public school, in the countryside of the state of São Paulo. The results show that the use of such a teaching proposal may improve learning, make the classes more interesting and help the students to take real part in them. The learners become the chief builders in the evolution of their own knowledge. The study about Probability problems was part, for many years, of High School only. Yet this subject can be taught to younger students as well, what has been widely recognized by the PCNs, published by MEC. In order to make these learnings related to Probability a reality we must change, which is just something imposed in our text books, in real experiences. It is suggested to toss a coin several times, discuss and reflect about this procedure, helping the students observe and make presumptions about how and why the chance of being winners in a heads or tails game is of 50%. According to the PCNs (BRAZIL, 1998), the notions about Probability must be explored through experiences and simulations to calculate the Probabilities themselves and check expected Ones.
Tecnologia naval e política: o caso da marinha brasileira na era dos contratorpedeiros, 1942-1970
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-03-20) Waldmann Júnior, Ludolf; Martins Filho, João Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5064104684523336
This work aims to analyze the technological modernization of the Brazilian Navy in the period between 1942 and 1970. Despite starting the Second World War without conditions of defending the country, the Brazilian Navy has modernized with American support, equipping it with modern anti-submarine equipment within the concept of hemispheric defense. At the end of the conflict and start of the Cold War, U.S. politics for the Latin America changed, and the Brazilian Navy stopped receiving modern military equipment from that country. Nevertheless, most Brazilian officers continued supporting the principles of the hemispheric defense, which mean subordination, strategic and intellectual, to the U.S. Navy. For much of the following decades, despite the changes in the foreign policy and investments in scientific and technological research in Brazil, the Brazilian Navy continued subordinated to the concept of hemispheric defense, with an obsolete fleet and unable to get modern ships. In late 1960s, the Brazilian Navy begins to face difficulties in acquiring modern weapons because of changes in the U.S. politics, culminating in the acquisition of British frigates, which despite having great emphasis on anti-submarine warfare, mark the recovery of shipbuilding in Brazil, the beginning of the withdrawal of the material and intellectual dependence on the U.S. and a major technological leap in the Brazilian Navy.
Método Halliwick de natação: aplicação em crianças com deficiência visual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-03-20) Gomide Neto, Ulysses; Denari, Fátima Elisabeth; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5575213011914394; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2905797623719852
Swimming is one of the most complete sports and more accessible to all kinds of people. The benefits of swimming for visually impaired relate to social, cognitive, motor and affective. Development is a continuous process that starts from pre-natal to death of the person. This research aimed to examine the program and apply the ten points of the method Halliwick swimming in children with Visual Impairment, highlighting the benefits brought by this reality, the dimensions cognitive, affective and motor skills of the children in the aquatic environment. The water allows people perform amazing moves that were made in the soil would be more difficult and performed by few, water also provides people with disabilities numerous benefits such as: rehabilitation and stimulation of paralyzed muscles, strengthening the muscles that helps in posture, relief of pain, strength work without worrying about friction, perceptual-motor intervention, independent mobility, among others. This, the methodological procedures were applied to children aged seven to thirteen years old. The results achieved with the research showed an improvement in motor coordination, sensory spatial orientation and understanding and ease of use of the proposed methodology employed and thus it is concluded that it can become more of a learning aid for swimming children with Visual Impairment. It is hoped that this research emphasize the potential of people with Visual Impairment, disclose the method Halliwick swimming and encourage their practice with people with disabilities