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Mídias, mediações e a questão nuclear: uma proposta de mediação institucional e tecnológica nas aulas de Física no ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-03) Ferreira, Marcia Alexandra Andrade; Leodoro, Marcos Pires; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2929842229198829; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9633781995351623
In this paper, we defended the school's role as an institutional mediator of the media discourse. For the development of mediations, we proposed the use of traditional media and new Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in the school environment. The need for institutional mediation of media discourse is due to the importance of the media in the formation of social representations we have about various issues, including on socio-scientific issues and also because these representations are responsible for forming our opinions. But the use of ICTs, specifically social networks of internet, is due to the importance of these new technologies in today's society and its potential for teaching, still little explored in the public schools. The social-scientific issue addressed in this paper is the nuclear issue. The choice of subject was due to his controversial aspect of public and social interest and for it has been widely reported in the media. We argue that, like all socioscientific issues, the nuclear issue should be addressed, at school, from the focus on relationships between Science, Technology, Society and Environment (STSE). We created, in internet, the social network "Thinking Physics" in order to, through the sharing of content, promote the participation of high school students from public schools in the discussion on the nuclear issue, thus contributing to the qualitative improvement of the use that young students make of social networks and to the development of technological mediations. To problematize the nuclear issue, we proposed a discussion of the agreement signed in 2010 between Brazil, Turkey and Iran, and to discuss this issue we used four videos aired by the television media and posted on YouTube. Through social networking students had access to the videos and were able to share their opinions through comments. There was broad participation of students in the social network, even though it was optional. The results show us that it is feasible to develop projects that use computers and internet even when school does not have such technology available to students and teachers. We hope this work will contribute to other teachers develop projects aimed at training students in critical and participatory, based on proposals of mediations of media discourse and thus the social networks of internet can become an effective mediation space technology.
Aspectos práticos da estimação do modelo de mistura via processo de Dirichlet
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-03) Paz, Rosineide Fernando da; Milan, Luis Aparecido; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0773010734982168
We review the Dirichlet process mixture model and investigate its performance as a classification method. The first aspect considered is its sensibility to the choice of location parameter of the base distribution. The second aspect considers the performance of the model regarding the departure of the parameters of the component distributions. Simulation results with mixture of normal distributions indicate sensibility to location parameters choices, of the base distribution, and good performance even when components with normal distributions differ only in variances. Finally, we apply the method to three data sets.
Investigação das fases formadas na superfície do aço inoxidável AISI 316L nitretado a plasma
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-03) Campos, Marcelo; Souza, Maristela Olzon Monteiro Dionysio de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9452239672967881; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0717563036484228
The plasma nitriding treatment improves mechanical, tribological and corrosion resistance, due to the formation of a nitrided layer consisting of an iron and chromium nitrides and a phase, with an undefined structure, known as expanded austenite (γN). The layer properties are influenced by the nitriding parameters, and the aim of this thesis is to study the influence of gas nitriding pressure in AISI 316L stainless steel. For this purpose, samples of this material were nitrided during 4 hour at 400 ºC in 80% H2 and 20% N2 atmosphere under variable pressures (3 and 7 Torr). Optical and Scanning Electron Microscopy, Vickers microhardness, cytotoxicity, roughness and wear tests, Mössbauer spectroscopy (MS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to analyze the mechanical, tribological, structural and potential application as a biomaterial in the nitrided samples. The results showed that the halo´s width, formed due to edge effect in the edge sample region, decreases with pressure increase, while their mechanical and tribological properties are not influenced. In the others samples regions, the layer thickness, surface roughness and mass loss reduction in wear test increased with pressure increase until 6 Torr sample and the surface hardness increased with pressure. MS techniques and the grazing angle XRD showed the same phases formed: γN, ε, α-FeNi and ε-Fe2+XN in all samples and also α"-Fe16N2, δ-Fe2N phase in 5-7 Torr samples. These phases indicated that the iron nitrides are responsible for the increase in surface hardness and coefficient of friction increased, where the reduction of ε phase concentration increases the coefficient value. The XRD fits shows that the most appropriate γN structure is FCC with stacking faults with nitrogen concentration depth distribution. This distribution and structure, explain the anomalous large expansion and position in the (200) plane, respectively. The cytotoxicity test showed that the nitrided did not present any toxic effect. The sample nitrided at 6 Torr showed the best combined nitriding properties.
O político em São Carlos: um estudo das imagens de si no discurso dos candidatos a prefeito das eleições 2008
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-03) Carreon, Renata de Oliveira; Baronas, Roberto Leiser; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4613001301744682; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3874251351469772
Le discours politique se consolide comme objet d étude de la Science Politique, tout en étant au coeur du débat dans les Sciences du Langage aussi, surtout à l égard de l Analyse du Discours ancrée aux idées des penseurs français. De nombreuses études sont soigneusement menées au Brésil sous le regard de ce domaine de la Linguistique, et nombreuses études sont penché sur le processus de construction de l image ou d un cadre imagé des candidats aux postes publiques à travers leur discours. Cependant, peu étudient les particularités d'une puissance urbaine université. Notre recherche au niveau du Master se consacre à l analyse de la constituition de l ethos discursif des candidats à la mairie de São Carlos pendant la campagne électorale de 2008. Le but à présent consiste en analyser l élaboration de l image de soi selon les discours et les photos des agents politiques, la définition de la vocalité et de la corporalité du garant et une question s impose : comment toute cette construction imagée se rapporte à la représentation sociale à laquelle l interlocuteur/électeur doit prendre part ? Dans ce propos notre étude fait recours aux principes téoriques et methodologiques des auteurs français tels que Dominique Maingueneau et Patrick Charaudeau, en les applicant au matériel constitué de la parole des trois candidats à maire les plus votés, dans des circonstances énonciatives distinctes. Comme hypothèse de travail nous vérifions comment les candidats cherchent à construire à travers leurs discours euphoriques images d'eux-mêmes. Pour ce faire, s'appliquent à la fois l'ethos dit et montré e l'ethos semiotizé.
Do funcionamento discursivo dos pronunciamentos do presidente Lula a trabalhadores: procedimentos de legitimação do dizer político
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-03) Pereira, Maísa Ramos; Piovezani Filho, Carlos Félix; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1677609008094603; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4570938983795878
How does contemporary political discourse face a crisis of democracy that destabilizes hallowed phrases of discourse, putting them into question, identifying them as lies and malicious maneuvers? What are the solutions and repair attempts made by the class society to resolve social conflicts and to erase differences and problems inherent in the structure of the capitalist mode of production? Faced with a situation of people s disbelief with their representatives, we can perceive a paradigm shift regarding the speech of the political subjects. In many of the manifestations, the subject enunciates like people , from the same place of the people, to legitimize their discourse supported in a process of building identification relations with their interlocutors. Based on the theory of Discourse Analysis derived from Michel Pêcheux and his group, we interpret procedures for legitimizing the pronouncements of President Luis Inacio Lula da Silva to workers in celebrating events of May 1st (Labor Day in Brazil), during his two mandates (from 2003 to 2010). We chose this methodological approach because of the constant enunciation that Lula would be a president distinct from the others" as a consequence of him being originally from the working-class. We work with the notions of discursive formation, ideology, subject position and spokesman, understanding that all of them are closely correlated and are quite relevant for the analysis of discourse corpora that aim to objectives such as those we intend to achieve at this work. From the analysis of discursive processes we observe: a) how the materiality of linguistic pronouncements of the President legitimizes his political discourse b) if now, as when he was a union leader (CAZARIN, 2005), Lula continues to put himself in the role of a spokesman (Pecheux, 1990) c) What are the spatial and temporal discursive supports that allow the subject to be established as the spokesman of the workers? We assumed that, taking the place of those who cannot or should not speak, Lula, as a spokesperson and the potential negotiator, speaks to the workers, distinguishing and defining himself from his interlocutors due the social position he assumes. The moderation by the identification process (ORLANDI, 1983) is established: the representation is sufficient for the "people" to feel contemplated (ROSAVALLON, 1998).