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Quantificação de carbamazepina, fluoxetina e seus metabólitos principais em leite materno por injeção direta de amostra utilizando cromatografia líquida acoplada à espectrometria de massa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-05)
Simões, Bianca Rebelo Lopes
;
Cass, Quezia Bezerra
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9197210255594409
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4063776868343975
This work reports the application of bioanalitycal methods by direct injection sample for the quantification of drugs in breast milk. Columns with stationary phase type RAM-BSA, in conventional scale and microbore, were prepared and evaluated in the exclusion of total protein and human milk oligosaccharides. In the conventional scale, the RAM-BSA C18 column (4.6 mm id) was used in a single-column mode for cleanup and simultaneous quantification of carbamazepine and its major metabolite, employing an analyzer of the type ion trap. Selectivity, extraction efficiency, accuracy and precision were achieved employing 100 μL of the sample, without preparation, with detection limits of 20.0 ng/mL for CBZ and 40.0 ng/mL for CBZE. The developed method was validated and applied to analyze breast milk samples from one nursing mother. CBZ and CBZE were quantified in the concentrations of 2.26 μg/mL and 1.54 μg/mL, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the simultaneous determination of CBZ and its active metabolite by direct injection of human milk serum. The method for quantification of fluoxetine and norfluoxetine by direct injection of nature human milk employing a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry system was performed in a multidimensional system with total analysis time of 12 min. The chromatographic system was configured using a RAM-BSA C18 (2.1 mm, i.d.) column in the first dimension that was able to excluded 94% of proteins. A fused core column was used in the the second dimension as analytical column. Selectivity, extraction efficiency, accuracy and precision were achieved employing 10 μL of the sample, without sample clean-up, with quantification limits of 3.0 ng/mL and 4.0 ng/mL for FLU and NOR, respectively.
Uma família de modelos de regressão com a distribuição original da variável resposta
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-05)
Paula, Marcelo de
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Diniz, Carlos Alberto Ribeiro
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3277371897783194
We know that statistic modeling by regression had a stronger impulse since generalized linear models (GLMs) development in 70 decade beginning of the XX century, proposed by Nelder e Wedderburn (1972). GLMs theory can be interpret like a traditional linear regression model generalization, where outcomes don't need necessary to assume a normal distribution, that is, any distribution belong to exponential distributions family. In binary logistic regression case, however, in many practice situations the outcomes response is originally from a discrete or continuous distribution, that is, the outcomes response has an original distribution that is not Bernoulli distribution and, although, because some purpose this variable was later dicothomized by an arbitrary cut of point C. In this work we propose a regression models family with original outcomes information, whose probability distribution or density function probability belong to exponential family. We present the models construction and development to each class, incorporating the original distribution outcomes response information. The proposed models are an extension of Suissa (1991) and Suissa and Blais (1995) works which present methods of estimating the risk of an event de_ned in a sample subspace of a continuous outcome variable. Simulation studies are presented in order to illustrate the performance of the developed methodology. For original normal outcomes we considered logistic, exponential, geometric, Poisson and lognormal models. For original exponential outcomes we considered logistic, normal, geometric, Poisson and lognormal models. In contribution to Suissa and Blais (1995) works we attribute two discrete outcomes for binary model, geometric and Poisson, and we also considered a normal distributions with multiplicative heteroscedastic structures continuous outcomes. In supplement we also propose the binary model with inated power series distributions outcomes considering a sample subspace of a zero inated geometric outcomes. We do several artificial data studies comparing the model of original distribution information regression model with usual regression model. Simulation studies are presented in order to illustrate the performance of the developed methodology. A real data set is analyzed by using the proposed models. Assuming a correct speci_ed distribution, the incorporation of this information about outcome response in the model produces more eficient likelihood estimates.
Avaliação da eficácia da legislação penal ambiental na conservação de áreas naturais e na preservação da ictiofauna autóctone
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-05)
Costa, Alexandre Augusto
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Matos, Dalva Maria da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4728734263109138
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5411972346395539
The analysis of information from the prosecution of legal instruments allows not only rational underpinning the development of public policies to conserve natural resources, as also promotes the constant improvement of the repressive legislation of conduct considered detrimental to the environment. The objective of this study has been assessing the effectiveness of legal protection models adopted by the criminal law in force in environmental area characterized by full economic development and subjected to intense and constant anthropogenic threats. So, we studied the region of Sao Jose do Rio Preto, northwest of Sao Paulo state, Brazil. We analyze the feasibility of legal instruments for the protection of natural areas on private property and subjected to anthropogenic pressures for land use. The results indicate that the increased demand for areas intended for food production and biofuels represents one of the greatest challenges to the preservation of natural resources in Brazil. The juridical protection is insufficient to guarantee the conservation of natural areas, requiring for the success of conservation strategies the development and implementation of participatory management projects. Withal, we evaluated the effectiveness of the typical structuring technique taken into account by the environmental crimes law in preserving autochthonous fish fauna. The results indicate that the tutelage technique of environmental legislation is effective in controlling fishing activities, mainly due to the high incidence of non-selective means of capture and the prevalence autochthonous species against non-autochthonous (allochthonous and exotics) species. Although environmental legislation constitutes an important tool for protection of natural resources its effectiveness is directly subjected to the development and deployment of other concomitant conservation strategies, particularly the development of comprehensive and active policies, able to overcome the challenge of reconciling the socio-economic interests and conservationist interests.
Análise de variabilidade genética do mutum-de-penacho (Crax Fasciolata) (Aves, Cracidade)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-05)
Laganaro, Natasha Marcili
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Francisco, Mercival Roberto
;
Martins, Karina
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/9367637840430435
;
Silveira, Luis Fábio
Nos últimos tempos, muitas espécies entraram na lista de ameaça, tendo seu tamanho populacional reduzido ao ponto de se considerar que a melhor estratégia para sua conservação é a ex situ. A família Cracidae (Aves, Galliformes) é composta por 50 espécies, das quais 24 encontram-se em algum grau de ameaça. As populações trazidas para o cativeiro, no entanto, são compostas por um número pequeno de fundadores, estando sujeitas a endocruzamentos, deriva genética e efeitos fundadores. Assim, um dos grandes desafios para a reprodução é se amenizar essa perda, a longo prazo, da diversidade alélica e heterozigose. O manejo genético pode auxiliar propondo melhores acasalamentos, de maneira a maximizar os valores de heterozigose e preservar a riqueza alélica. No entanto, ao se propor essas análises os resultados não podem ser comparados, na maioria dos casos, com o cenário natural, simplesmente por não se haverem amostras dessas populações. Para o mutum-de-penacho há uma população originária da região da Usina Hidroelétrica de Porto Primavera que foi resgatada e trazida para o cativeiro da CESP Paraibuna. O objetivo desse trabalho foi analisar sua variabilidade genética e comparar com uma população já existente em cativeiro da mesma espécies e com dados da literatura para demais cracídeos ameaçados. Foram genotipados e analisados 64 C. fasciolata, sendo 50 da CESP e 14 do CCC Poços de Caldas, por meio de 10 loci de microssatélites. Os resultados demonstraram que não há diferença significativa entre a riqueza alélica e a heterozigose esperada da população natural com a mantida em cativeiro e com duas outras espécies de cracídeos ameaçados, bem como com demais espécies ameaçadas, sugerindo uma variação genética abaixo do desejável para se alcançar os objetivos proposto pela estratégia de conservação ex situ. Tabelas comparativas com valores de heterozigose e riqueza alélica para as matrizes de Porto Primavera e sua prole nascida em cativeiro demostraram que não houve perda de alelos nas gerações, indicando ausência de endocruzamento e deriva. Tabelas de pareamento e rankings indicam as relações de parentesco e níveis de variabilidade genética para cada indivíduos analisado, apontando melhores pareamentos dentro de criatórios e indivíduos aptos para reintrodução.
Formação de professores e a interveniência das diretrizes curriculares nacionais da pedagogia para educação especial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-05)
Rezende, Evelin Oliveira de
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Toyoda, Cristina Yoshie
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5872141115382552
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7641254204592407
This research aims to study the issue of pedagogue initial training and also to investigate which concept the last year undergraduate students from Pedagogy Courses have on Special Education in the inclusive education perspective and; how the Especial Education from inclusive education perspective has been considered in two Pedagogy Courses; analyze from Pedagogic National Curricular Guidelines how we contemplate the teacher formation articulated with the Special Education. The study is theoretically based on three guiding principles: initial teacher education, initial training interfaces with the Special Education and public policies that describe Special Education. The study included 28 students from the last year of Pedagogy Courses. The data collection was conducted in two institutions of higher learning located in two medium-sized cities in the State of São Paulo. The instruments used were questionnaires and documents from the Pedagogy Courses studied. Data analysis consisted of qualitative approach with content analysis technique to the questionnaire data and qualitative approach with document analysis technique to analyze the documents related to the Political Pedagogical Project, the curricular matrix and the amendments of the disciplines from two Pedagogy Courses. The results reveal that the undergraduate students do not feel prepared to work with the Special Education theme; it is observed that it is necessary a harmony between the Pedagogy Course initial training for the teaching reality and the pedagogical practice in the inclusive education school context. Regarding the analysis results of two curricular matrixes, the data show that both courses studied provide little discussion in the Special Education Field, in order to meet the guidelines established by the National Curriculum Guidelines for Pedagogy Course from the CNE/CP No 1/2006 since they offer at least one required course on Special Education in their curricular matrix, which looks forward to approaching content related , among others, to teacher training that aims to identify, get in contact and work with special need students enrolled in regular schools. The terms of the student needs related to training in Special Education centralize the demands that disorganize or that disadvantage the academic teaching support and the initial training linked to the initiation to teaching. It is proposed that the Pedagogy Course curricular matrixes focus on the interdisciplinary work, in which professors seek for the theorical articulation, practice and that they inter-relate the different contents through Special Education theme aiming the teacher education for the inclusive reality in the educational environment. In the two courses studied, it was noted the intention, even if small, to consolidate more and more the interdisciplinary space in the academic setting.
As práticas terapêuticas não convencionais nos serviços de saúde: revisão sistemática da literatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-05)
Cruz, Pérola Liciane Baptista da
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Sampaio, Sueli Fatima
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0737750473446351
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0074038474744194
Introduction: Based in proposed changes in the health care model, aiming at complying the principles of Unified Health System, and enhanced by international bodies such as World Health Organization, the use of integrative practices have increased in the services of health care in Brazil. In the case of traditional medicine or complementary and alternative system, the primary health care has become the main focus of action globally, with several benefits brought across studies. With the large number of information related to the issue, aimed to review the literature indexed in databases the search for scientific evidence concerning in the period between 2006 and 2012. Methods: The integrative literature review enables the synthesis of the state of knowledge of a subject, occurring in six stages: identifying the topic, literature search, categorization of studies, evaluation studies, interpretation of results and presentation of the synthesis. Results: Selected 42 studies for analysis, present a strong presence of traditional practices in the field of primary care globally, and experiences the use of alternative and complementary medicine, outside Brazil, in tertiary care setting. It is observed lack of knowledge of professionals and shortages public policies for real theme development, as well as further evidence about the costs of this change in the way health care. Conclusion: Based on the benefits already identified and discussed, the comprehensive improvement in the quality of life in communities, points to the need for greater investment in research, dissemination and training in the area, in order to supply an increasing demand, as well as studies that brings evidence to safety use and public investments.
Impactos da urbanização na ictiofauna de riachos na parte superior da bacia do Alto Rio Paranapanema (SP), Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-05)
Peressin, Alexandre
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Cetra, Maurício
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6775493342513120
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8678022880791435
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Mattox, George Mendes Taliaferro
Aquatic ecosystems have suffered strong anthropogenic pressure, through the construction of dams, water exploitation, chemical pollution, destruction of the surrounding environment, especially riparian vegetation, and structural changes such as channeling and siltation. Fish assemblages may respond in different ways to these environmental changes, because species exhibit different constraints, e.g., habitat demands, physiological tolerance. Thus, some species may be favored in detriment of others. Aware of the need to understand and identify the patterns response of fish assemblages and individual organisms to impact factors, this study aimed to investigate how fish biodiversity (i.e., assemblages and population-scale) respond to urbanization. Fish samples were collected in four stretches located in urban areas and six located in non-urban areas of the upper Paranapanema river basin. Chapter I focused on detecting changes in physical habitat variables, structure and composition of the fish assemblage. Multivariate analyses ordered stretches in a urbanized non urbanized gradient. Non urbanized stretches exhibited greater values of shading, vegetated surronding and coarser substrate. Assemblage structure, i.e., Shannon diversity index, Pielou evenness and Margalef richness, did not change in response to urbanization, as well as the relationship between abundance and biomass. In contrast, assemblages composition was different, as well as richness estimates based on rare species, which was lower in urban stretches. The patterns herein obtained illustrate the process of species replacement, already demonstrated in disturbed environments, in which species pre-adapted to the new conditions increase in abundance, while otherspreviously absent establish successfully. Therefore, diversity values maintain, but composition varies. In general, midwater omnivorous species were more abundant in urban areas, while loricarids and benthic invertivores presented higher average abundance in nonurban stretches. Chapter II aimed to identify changes in the trophic structure, substrate composition and its influence on trophic structure and body condition. For this, species diet was quantified according to the Degree of Food Preference (DFP) method, based on six items: plant material, algae, detritus, invertebrates, insects and fish. According to the items consumed, species were classified in trophic groups. Fourteen species were considered invertivorous/detritivorous, seven herbivorous/detritivorous, seven omnivorous and one piscivorous. Four invertivores/insectivores were exclusive of nonurban stretches and one species exclusive of urban stretches. Three herbivores/detritivores were exclusive of the nonurban stretches, whereas three omnivores were exclusive to urban stretches. Trophic structure richness, abundance and biomass were compared between urban and nonurban stretches. Abundance was not affected by urbanization, whereas richness and biomass varied between stretch groups. Substrate composition differed according to stretch type, and was positively related to invertivores/insectivores and herbivore/detritivores richness, whereas negatively related to omnivore biomass. These results suggest complex relationships between food availability, trophic plasticity and species foraging habits. It is known that coarser substrates such as rocks, branches and trunks are useful as surface for periphyton algae growth as well as shelters for aquatic macroinvertebrates. Thus, changes in substrate may alter resources availability for certain species. Omnivores, in turn, can find other sources of food items due to its trophic plasticity. In general, almost all species absent from urban stretches exhibit some trophic specialization and often depend on heterogeneous substrate for foraging. Moreover, species exclusive to urban stretches are mid-water foragers that do not depend on substrate and present high trophic plasticity. Our conclusions were supported by Astyanax fasciatus body condition analysis, an omnivorous nektonic species which demonstrated higher mean weight in urban stretches, when discounted length.
Modelos de regressão bivariados Bernoulli : exponencial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-05)
Prado, Flávia Bolssone do
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Diniz, Carlos Alberto Ribeiro
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3277371897783194
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2304280269027445
Efeito do treinamento resistido na avaliação da composição corporal e na atividade da MMP-2 nos músculos bíceps e gastrocnêmio de ratos obesos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-05)
Souza, Markus Vinicius Campos
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Perez, Sergio Eduardo de Andrade
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9408953831211309
The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of resistance training on body composition and active matrix metalloproteinases 2 (MMP-2) on biceps and gastrocnemius muscles in rats with high fat diet. We evaluated 32 Wistar rats divided into four experimental groups (n=8/each) according to diet and exercise status: Control Group (C; standard diet), Obese Control Group [C-Ob; hiperlipidic diet (30% of fat)], Resistance Exercise (RE; standard diet) and Resistance Exercise Obese (RE-Ob; hiperlipidic diet). After weaning (day 21), animals were subjected to the experimental diet according to their groups during 24 weeks. A 12-week strength-training period was used, during which the animals climbed a 1.1-m vertical ladder with weights attached to their tails. The sessions were performed three times/week (Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, with 4 9 climbs/session and 8 12 dynamic movements/climb with two rest minutes. Resistance training induced a significant reduction in body mass, fat mass, fat percentage in group RE (p < 0,05). Resistance training increased the activity of MMP-2 on bicpes and gastrocnemius muscle (p < 0,05), favoring thus the tissue remodeling in both groups trained. Finally, the carrying load trained both groups was not statistically different, however, the relative strength (carrying load/body weight) was statistically higher in group RE (p < 0,05). Resistance training promoted significant changes in body composition, MMP-2 activity in the biceps and gastrocnemius and the relative strength. Thus resistance training may be a strategy to minimize the deleterious effects induced by consumption of a high fat diet and the co-morbidities associated with obesity in skeletal muscle.
Modelos de spins geometricamente frustrados: transição de fase e estruturas de platores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-08)
Litaiff, Fabian Cardoso
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Souza, José Ricardo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9589155356379692
This thesis presents a study of the magnetization plateau and the phenomenon of geometrical frustration in spin systems applied to lattices with triangular structure, as well as the results achieved by applying the differential operator technique of the Ising and Heisenberg models with external magnetic field applied to the easy magnetization axis z, their phase diagrams, behavior plateaus observed and analyzed according to the Haldane conjecture and appearance of plateaus presented by Oshikawa, Yamanaka and Affleck, and also to study the behavior of the magnetic susceptibility in order to verify the behavior of frustrated systems using the frustration factor f= θWC/TN to verify frustration encountered at various stages of the study models
Modelos para dados de sobrevivência na presença de diferentes esquemas de ativação baseados na distribuição geométrica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-08)
Roman, Mari
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Louzada Neto, Francisco
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0994050156415890
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8909524777106942
In this thesis new families of survival distributions are proposed. Those distributions are derived by assuming a latent activation structure to explain the occurrence of the event of interest. In general, the competitive causes may have different activation mechanisms. Here we assume three different ones, namely, fisrt, random and last actvation mechanisms. The presence of cure fraction are also addressed in two contexts. The models assumed that the number of causes follows a Geometric distribution and the lifetime for these causes follows an Exponential distribution, and a Gamma Generalized distribution. The properties of the proposed distributions are discussed, including a formal proof of its probability density function and explicit algebraic formulas for its reliability and failure rate functions, moments, order statistics and modal value. Inferetial procedure is based on frequentist and Bayesian perspectives. Moreover, Bayesian case influence diagnostics based in -divergence, with include Kulback Leibler divergence measure as a particular case, are developed. Simulation studies are performed and experimental results are illustrated based in real datasets.
Memória e resistência: os professores no contexto da ditadura civil-militar (1964-1985)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-08)
Hebling, Milene Cristina
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Hayashi, Carlos Roberto Massao
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9136586124586219
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7732231703263626
This is a study about the resistance of teachers of first and second degree to brazilian military regime. We try to identify which resistance practices were developed by these teachers and understand if they were organized in the individual sphere, as isolated actions of some teachers, or collectively, as an organization of professional category. Beyond that, we are also interested in investigating if this resistance had used the teacher profession as a support, being performed through pedagogical practices, or if it occurred outside the school environment, not presenting a relation, therefore, with the teaching activity. To treat our research object, we used two methodological strategies, which are oral history and documental research. For the realization of oral history, were previously selected eleven teachers who had lectured in primary or secondary school during the civil-military dictatorship. Of this total, six were located and four agreed to participated of the research. We conducted semi-structured interviews, using a predefined questionnaire as a guide, in order to know memories of the participants about the researched topic. The documental research was realized in the collection of the Departamento Estadual de Ordem Política e Social (DEOPS/SP), in order to find documents produced by this politics police organ about the studied teachers. We attribute great relevance to the oral sources obtained, due the possibility they represent of understanding our object of study from the point of view of the involved, i.e., the teachers. This research did not seek to be generalizing, since we do not work with samples, but with specific cases. In the analysis of collected sources, were constructed thematic axes which address different resistance practices developed by the focused teachers and the repression suffered by their actions. These axes are: "Presentation of teachers"; "resistance through the profession: possibilities and limits"; "resistance out of school" and "repression." As result, it can be seen that the participants built, through various practices, resistance to the military regime. Moreover, the opposition performed by these teachers was bounded by the characteristics of the opposition movement of society in general, i.e., the resistance developed by them was integrated into the social and political context in which the country was in each period of civil-military dictatorship.
A gerência nas Unidades de Saúde da Família: o olhar dos profissionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-08)
Mendes, Juliana Delalibera Thobias
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Padilha, Roberto de Queiroz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2262980850254605
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5964651998638948
This study aims to investigate the organization of the management process in the Family Health Units (FHU) in São Carlos, São Paulo, in the perspective of physicians, nurses and dentists of five Family Health Group (FHG). The study type was exploratory with a qualitative character. It was based on the interview form designated as subject-centered, which is based on the possibility of exploration of issues defined in advance by the researcher of the project. The study is based on reports about the management process experienced by these professionals taking as analytical categories: the Labour Process, the Care Process and the Continuous Education Process. In order to analyse the data, the Content Analysis based on the thematic modality proposed by Bardin (1977) was considered. It was verified that the management was recognized by professionals as an important tool for the consummation of the practices of FHU in the municipality studied, however, it was little developed and its effective implementation has shown itself as a great challenge to the responsible managers. It was identified, in the studied FHU, a management style highly centered on the nursing professionals, what makes necessary a change on the way through the professionaIs of the FHG see their managerial practices and that professionals responsible by the management be stimulated to think in methodologies, knowledge and practices capable of make the management currently employed closer to that proposed by the FHT.
Atenção à saúde de pessoas vivendo com o diabetes mellitus tipo 2 em uma Unidade de Saúde da Família
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-09)
Neiva, Caroline Fernandes Diniz
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Feliciano, Adriana Barbieri
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9398810638733882
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8300813529343885
This is an epidemiological study, the type or cross sectional. Objectives: To describe the profile of individuals with type 2 DM according to sociodemographic variables, disease history, lifestyle habits, morbidity, access to health services, to identify the types of drug treatment in place to care for the disease; describe adherence to medication in people with type 2 diabetes; describe the profile of care offered at the clinic for patients with type 2 DM. The study population comprised the universe of 102 patients with type 2 DM, enrolled in a USF in São Carlos, SP. Three instruments were used for data collection, one being the instrument to measure treatment adherence - MAT. The first stage of information gathering were the records of patients with type 2 DM and the second included interviews with users suffering from type 2 diabetes. The results showed that the study population was predominantly female (63%), and the age group 71-91 years (28.9%), most (47.8%) had education between 1 to 5 years of study and (54.4%) are retired. The majority (52.3%) found the DM within 5 years, (84.4%) diagnosed in the clinic. Regarding the habit of living 72% do not exercise and exhibit more significant comorbidities as hypertension and dyslipidemia. With regard to health status, 70% of women considered it fair / bad. Most participants (86.7%) use medications to control type 2 diabetes. Regarding the use of medications, most (64.5%) ingests up to four medications daily, and the therapeutic class of antidiabetic Biguanides most used (36.7%) and 21.1% use insulin. Regarding medications for comorbidities 35.5% use only antihypertensives. Regarding the description of adherence to treatment 64.1% had adherence to medication. Found higher frequency of diabetes in medical consultations (85%) compared to the consultation with the nurse (50%), 17.4% of subjects were in multidisciplinary care, and 31.4% were referred to a specialist. There are records of dental care in 16.3% of records. As to laboratory median total cholesterol (mg / dl) in women are higher (near 200), as the value of HDL-C in males there is a higher percentage of individuals (50%) with a median below 45 mg / dl, the average value of LDL-C (mg / dl) is closest to 100 mg / dL in male patients, the median TG (mg / dL) in both sexes showed values above 150 mg / dl, fasting glucose in female median value closer to 100 mg / dl, values Hb1Ac showed poor glycemic control. There are records of diabetic foot evaluation in 24.4% of records. We conclude that there is need for ongoing training of health professionals that are part of the Family Health Teams in order to achieve greater implementation of education programs in diabetes and clinical protocols intensify strategies to improve adherence to drug treatment, and control metabolic health monitoring.
Soldagem por fricção e mistura (FSW) no aço inoxidável austenítico AISI 304
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-09)
Plaine, Athos Henrique
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Alcântara, Nelson Guedes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3123107570992184
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8992899102845408
Stainless steels are an important class of engineering materials with attractive properties such as high mechanical and corrosion resistance and thereby widely used in a variety of industries and environments due to its outstanding properties such as mechanical and corrosion resistance. These materials, which are usually considered difficult to weld by conventional fusion welding processes, have demonstrated outstanding performance when joined by Friction Stir Welding (FSW), a solid-state joining process. FSW input energy regulates the magnitude of the thermal cycle and the intensity of deformation during the process, and it can be controlled by the welding parameters, which affects the grain features and consequently the mechanical properties of the joints. The aim of this work is to evaluate the feasibility of producing friction stir welds of a 304 austenitic stainless steel and correlate this process to the microstructures and mechanical properties in these joints. The samples were produced using a polycrystalline cubic boron nitrides (PCBN) tool and four different rotational speeds. Microstructural investigation showed that all joints presented, besides the base material (BM), the three typical FSW zones: stir zone (SZ), termomecanically affected zone (TMAZ) and heat affected zone (HAZ). The ZTA exhibited a microstructure similar to MB, while ZTMA and ZM were characterized by dynamic recovery and recrystallization, respectively. In the advancing side of ZM was observed the formation of sigma phase, a brittle and undesirable phase. The welding parameters variation affected mainly the deformation experienced by the material, the average grain size and length of the weld zones. The mechanical tests were consistency with the observed microstructures, being the mechanical properties of joints higher than BM, which is very attractive from the technological point of view.
Concepção dos gestores municipais de saúde em relação ao acolhimento com avaliação de risco: limites e possibilidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-09)
Sudré, Graciano Almeida
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Souza, Mariza Borges Brito de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0610841005775750
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6780495629799281
This is a qualitative study aimed to evaluate the limits and possibilities for implementation of user embracement and risk assessment. In particular, from the perspective of local health managers of San Carlos, a town in the state of São Paulo. To collect the data, some semi-structured interviews were conducted with managers of the municipal health system: 61.53% graduated in nursing, 15.38% in medicine, 7.69% in dentistry; 7.69% in management and production engineering. The data were analyzed through thematic analysis. For this research, after collecting and analyzing data, six categories emerged from the analysis: (1) user embracement by organizing the service, (2) undesirable reality or constructed intentionally, (3) something intended but not accomplished, (4) A dream under construction, (5) learning to learn in daily service, (6) speaking the same language. From this definition, the study pointed out that there are different conceptions of user embracement , due to the approach assumed by each manager as suitable. There are also disparities in taking user embracement and under risk assessment as a procedure, possibly as a result of intricate political actions on health. To implement user embracement and risk assessment, it was possible to perceive the existence of limits and possibilities, with regards to organization of the service, local reality, care approaches, quality of assistance, permanent and continuing education as well as networking.
Gerenciamento do trabalho em saúde: as concepções de profissionais e usuários da estratégia saúde da família
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-10)
Melo, Flávio Adriano Borges
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Ogata, Márcia Niituma
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3274294833403570
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2146448542549482
The management of health work is the art of thinking, deciding and acting, is the art of making things happen, to get results that can be defined, planned, analyzed and evaluated, but must be achieved through people and human interaction constant. It differs from health management in order to refer to the work being performed at the local level, so in the establichment of health. Based on these principles and the reality experienced in Multidisciplinary Residency Program in Community and Family Health at the Federal University of São Carlos/SP, we sought to develop this research has aimed at exploring the views of professionals and users of Health Strategy Family (HSF) on management of health work and specific objectives to analyze the perceptions of professionals and users FHS on management of health work, identify the type of management that exists in the Family Health Unit (FHU), identify how gives the participation of representatives of users on the Local Management Council (LMC) health with regard to the management of health work at FHU, identify the existence of potential and/or weaknesses brought about the development of democratic management in health and propose strategies that can facilitate the exercise of democratic management in health. This is a case study with a qualitative approach. The study took place in a FHU city of São Carlos/SP professionals that comprise this unit (doctor, nurse, dentist, nurse assistant, dental office assistants and community health workers) and user representatives from the LMC to that unit. Information obtained through interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. Upon completion of the analysis, we determined the formation of three categories, which were: work health organization and management at the FHU, popular participation and control in health and social facilities and difficulties for the development of democratic management in health. The management of health work focused on democratic management in health still faces some difficulties in it's implementation. However, some issues like popular participation and teamwork strategies may be able to provide a labor organization horizontalized, defragmented, decentralized and coaccountability for decision-making of every individual members of the management structure.
Números racionais na forma fracionária: atividades para superar dificuldades de aprendizagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-10)
Lima, Fernanda Soto
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Malagutti, Pedro Luiz Aparecido
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5462523657624050
This dissertation presents the development of activities related to the teaching of rational numbers in fractional form so diverse and unique to the teacher and the students, through the exploitation of that content with manipulatives - construction of a fractional fractal card, use graph paper and in particular the construction of a curtain fractional color to the classroom - made in mathematics classes in 6th grade C Elementary School II of the afternoon, in order to show the importance and use of mathematical theory combined with practice. Highlights the importance of the teaching of mathematics, a brief history of the use of fractions in ancient Egyptian civilization and the construction of an instructional sequence based on the Didactic Engineering. Describes the steps for implementing the instructional sequence, its development in the classroom and conclusions pointing out that the use of manipulatives improves understanding of concepts related to rational numbers in fractional form. It also presents design variations, which can be developed by teachers in Elementary and High School.
Práticas populares utilizadas por gestantes de alto risco: existe suporte na literatura sobre essas práticas?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-10)
Suzuki, Liane Kiyomi
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El-khatib, Umaia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8417513594802650
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1388070243053653
The usage of popular practices in order to either the treatment or prevention of both diseases and symptoms is very common along pregnancy, because of various maternal adaptations, frequent symptoms and requirement of special care. These popular practices are often regarded as healthy, beneficial and safe because they are "natural", however many plants are contraindicated because they may have toxic, teratogenic and abortifacient potential. The objective of study was to identify which popular practices (medicinal plants, homemade recipes and specific foods) are used by pregnant women at high risk for treatment and prevention of diseases or symptoms; to know the therapeutics indications; to check whether the information regarding these practices are cited sustention in technical literature, and if there are any contraindications throughout pregnancy. This is an clinical, cross-sectional and descriptive study done with 78 pregnant women who received medical and nutritional consultation on a clinic for high-risk cases at Maternity Santa Casa in São Carlos, within the period of April to July of 2012; these patients were interviewed based on a structured script, after the approval of the Ethics Committee and consent of the interviewees. For data analysis, it was used both simple descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. The results showed these pregnant women, in average, were 28.5 year-olds, and with 26.9 gestational weeks, which most of them were housewives, with family support; white, coming from the southeast; with 7 to 11 years of school; per capita income ½ to 1 minimum wage and evangelical religion. Independently of age, gestational age, ethnic groups, religion, education, income and region of origin, the pregnant women use the popular practices. From all the interviewed pregnant women, 64.10% confirmed the usage of some type of popular practice, related to symptoms of heartburn, flu, nausea, constipation, anxiety, diabetes, hypertension, cramps and others. Among the main popular practices used by the interviewed pregnant women, those with therapeutic indications are compatible with those described in the literature, except in the case of banana which effect over a cramp has not been scientifically proved. However, in many cases, their usage by pregnant women is contraindicated due to the teratogenic, abortive or toxic effects, such as in the cases of Boldo tea (Peumus boldus, Plectranthus barbatus), ginger (in high doses) (Zingiber officinale), immature papaya (Carica papaya), chamomile tea (Matricaria recutita), erva-cidreira tea (Melissa officinalis, Lippia alba, Cymbolponcitratus) and Melão-de-São-Caetano tea (Momordica charantia). To conclude, data about medicinal plants safety during pregnancy are scarce and often contradictory. More studies and researches are necessary about medicinal plants and popular practices done with teas, and not with plant extract, because this suggests that the quantities are excessively higher than those that would be consumed in teas. In the presence of any evidence suggesting risks for pregnancy, the usage of such plants should be avoided. The divulgation of results of this study should be done dialogically between health workers and users, so do not confront rather than ignore their cultural and popular knowledge, but that promotes reflection on their use of data obtained from the literature.
Estabelecimento de escrita sob controle de ditado como base para a recombinação na leitura e na escrita
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-10)
Reis, Thaíze de Souza
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Souza, Deisy das Graças de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4404800720856419
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3497049970396440
Several studies are interested in the acquisition of reading and spelling as well as in the role the acquisition of one ability plays in the acquisition of the other. However, many of these studies focus on reading rather than on spelling. This study aimed to teach spelling skills and verify whether it would affect the reading repertoire. To teach spelling, a constructed response matching to sample task was employed. In this task, a sample (that could be a printed word, a picture, a picture and its correspondent printed word or a dictated word) was presented as well as a pool of randomly chosen letters. Children had to select in the correct order the letters to spell the word correspondent to the sample. Thirty Portuguese words were taught. Five studies were conducted. In Study 1, each word was taught till criterion and once it was achieved the word was no longer presented during training. Two students took part but only one achieved the criterion for the totality of the words. Although the criterion was achieved rapidly for most words, the performance decreased on the posttest probes. Study 2 employed a mixed training: groups of three words were taught together so that in each trial one of the words worked as a sample. Study 3 employed the mixed training and a cumulative baseline: words previously taught were interspersed with words to be taught. Study 4 introduced a new variable, besides the mixed training and the cumulative baseline: a compound sample. In this study, words should be constructed under the control of a sample compounded by a picture and its correspondent printed word. After training, all participants of the Studies 2, 3 and 4 showed high spelling performances and excepting one participant, all of them had great improvements in reading. Reading scores were more variable than spelling scores. Performances with new words (compounded by the syllables of the taught words) were variable and some participants did not show recombinative repertoire. Also, some participants showed performances with some words before they were actually trained. Because of that, Study 5 employed a group design to evaluate the effect of the teaching procedure. The Experimental Group took the teaching procedure lessons (the same version employed in Study 4) while the Control Group was exposed only to the assessment sessions. The Experimental Group performances in spelling, reading and other relations evaluated were significantly higher than the Control Group performances. These results showed that the procedure have been effective in teaching spelling and also in promoting the emerge of reading.