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Estudo de ondas viajantes não lineares de perfil saturado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-29) Souza, Rubens Gamaliel Bergamo de; Mizrahi, Salomon Sylvain; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8143137168199991; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8368995599074556
In this paper, we study a class of nonlinear waves in one dimension using the assumption of traveling waves. First we found the solutions to the partial differential equation (PDE) containing a term of nonlinear inhomogeneity, rø (1-øl), which conditions the wave to present a saturation profile. We found analytical solutions for specific cases and also we transformed the partial differential equation in integral form, studying the solutions. In possession of the solutions, a study of the parameters' variation according to the value of the exponent l of the equation's nonlinear term was conducted. We also make an approach to the problem with the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian functions, making it possible to define the wave's energy. In the last part of this paper we write the EDP in the discrete form of finite difference. We solved the equation numerically and studied l = 1; 2 and varying the parameter that multiplies the inhomogeneous term. We found that the solution can go from a regular saturated profile to chaotic behavior.
Educação musical e a promoção do letramento emergente de crianças em risco psicossocial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-29) Fantini, Renata Franco Severo; Rose, Tânia Maria Santana de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9611195121776675
The studies have shown that learning music encourages the global development of a child. Recent studies have shown the benefits of musical education towards the development of phonological awareness and the conventions and conceptions of writing for children with special needs and children at risk. Given the importance in our area, the search for innovative practices for musical development and emergent literacy in a school context, the current study has as its objective verifying the effects of the interdisciplinary program including the musical skills and abilities that promote reading and writing skills such as phonological awareness and knowledge about the functions and conventions of writing. The participants were three children who were enrolled in First Grade in Elementary School with a history accentuated by hardships in life. For fourteen meetings, the students participated in activities directed towards musical perception, rhythm and beat, general music knowledge, interest for literature and handling books and writing concepts. The study consisted of comparing the percentages of right answers of skills tested before and after participation in the program. Tests were used to evaluate musical skills, phonological awareness and emergent literacy. The results indicated that some skills had a moderate to high increase in the percentage of correct answers and other skills did not show improvement. Corroborating with the findings of previous studies in this area, we can conclude that the interdisciplinary program conducted in this study favored the promotion of musical skills and emergent literacy. This research contributes both to a new line of research and to the possibility of the Music teacher working along with the Preschool Education and the first grade of Elementary School in order to explore a promising perspective of interdisciplinary work in music and emergent literacy process.
A educação especial no município de Porto Ferreira-SP: 1972 a 2011
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-29) Loureiro, Aline Dozzi Tezza; Caiado, Kátia Regina Moreno; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0803778280883949; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3140086912148205
The number of students with disabilities in schools is increasing every year due to government support, both for the public school as to private institutions. Thinking about it, this research was carried out to understand the organization and operation of Special Education in Porto Ferreira, Brazil. The authors substantiate this research work in a critical perspective (Saviani, Januzzi, Ferraro, Gatti). Methodology used in document analysis of all documents relating to special education in the municipality (laws, decrees, minutes of meetings, newspaper accounts municipal, school census data), as well as the use of interviewing people related to special education. The results point towards: a) the importance of the private institution, the philanthropic (Association of Parents and Friends of Handicapped-APAE) has since its inception until the present day, b) the absence of a project political intended for students with disabilities in primary schools in the municipality, c) the "absence" of a social movement of persons with disabilities in the county searched.
A fauna de microgastrinae (Hymenoptera:Braconidae) em fragmentos de Mata Atlântica do Estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-29) Bortoni, Marco Aurélio; Dias, Angélica Maria Penteado Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8637344058859147; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9184422164931466
The Braconidae has been extensively used in biological control programs in tropical and subtropical agroecosystems. Species of the subfamily Microgastrinae are subject to agrarian, ecological and biological studies because of its taxa and diversity. They constitute the most important group of parasitoids of Lepidoptera. Taxonomic works have been mainly directed to studying the fauna of temperate regions, the tropics fauna is poorly known. This study aimed to contribute to the knowledge of the Microgastrinae fauna from localities of Atlantic Forest in the State of São Paulo, supporting further taxonomic, systematic and conservation studies. In each locality five Malaise traps were installed; during 24 months, and the abundance and wealth for each genus found by calculating the values of the Shannon diversity index and Pielou Equitability index. The Bray Curtis similarity coefficient was used for comparisons of the fauna from the different localities and a cluster analysis was proposed. The total of 4,402 specimens of Microgastrinae were sampled, distributed in 23 genera. The Parque Estadual de Intervales was the site with the largest number of specimens collected, 71% of the total obtained, with 22 genera identified. The most abundant genera were Apanteles (46.18%), Glyptapanteles (18%) and Diolcogaster (10.69%). As the result of this research, a checklist of Braconidae species for the State of Sao Paulo was proposed and the description of the male of Prasmodon eminens Nixon, 1965 (Braconidae, Microgastrinae) was done.
Expansão de células mesenquimais estromais em frasco spinner e avaliação de aditivos para diminuir a aglomeração de microcarregadores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-29) Mendonça, Marlei Leandro de; Suazo, Cláudio Alberto Torres; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9591447226240450; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4040394501423588
The increasing interest in the employment of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to applications in tissue engineering and cell therapy is mainly attributed to their plasticity and regenerative capacity. The MSCs represent a revolution in the treatment of countless diseases and in the understanding of tissue repair mechanisms. Due to their low availability in the tissues (0.00001% to 0.0002%) as well as to the need of high doses for therapeutic applications (approximately 2 x 106 cells/kg patient), and to the inefficiency of traditional in vitro cultures (in monolayer) to meet the existing high demand to these applications, development of new technologies of ex vivo expansion on a large scale became indispensable. The use of spinner flasks-like bioreactors with microcarriers in suspension is an effective alternative system for this expansion. However, bibliographic report of cultures with this system have indicated the formation of large clusters of microcarriers with cells as a possible obstacle to obtain a greater cellular productivity. These clusters hamper the diffusion of nutrients, gases (especially oxigen), and reagents of indirect cellular quantification within them; and they harm the cell recovery at the end of culture. Alginate microspheres have become interesting to reduce the frequency of collisions between microcarriers, due to the fact that the microspheres do not adhere to cells nor to microcarries and can prevent the union of same. The dextran sulfate has been described in the literature as an inhibitor of cell-to-cell contact as well as of the encounter between microcarriers in culture, therefore, it too has become a promising option to avoid the formation of clusters of microcarriers. Thus, the aim of this work was to develop a methodology for the culture of MSCs in spinner flasks with microcarriers Cultispher-S for application in cell therapy and evaluate the influence of alginate microspheres and dextran sulfate on this culture. For this, the lineage hMSCTERT and 3 g/L Cultispher-S were held in 100 mL spinner containing α-MEM culture medium (supplemented with 15% of bovine fetal serum, glucose and glutamine) at 37ºC, with pH control. The results showed that the addition of dextran sulfate (at 0.5% and 1%) and of 100% of alginate microspheres (in relation to the number of Cultspher-S particles) to the culture caused considerable cell death; and the control (without additives) as well as the addition of 50% of alginate microspheres promoted cell growth. The formation of clusters was observed in cultures; however, it was delayed with the addition of 50% of alginate microspheres. This occurrence allowed a cellular expansion factor of 50.4 times (with dilution factor correction) and of 13.1 times (without correction). The recovered cells after expansion kept their immunophenotypic characteristics.
Análise da interação molecular proteína-herbicida através de simulação computacional: aplicação no desenvolvimento de nanobiossensores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-29) Oliveira, Guedmiller Souza de; Freitas, Luiz Carlos Gomide; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3461414255262928; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6137757653195953
In this study, our goal was evaluate the interactive forces between the Atomic force microscope tip (AFM tip) and an important enzyme responsible to fatty acids synthesis in all living beings (Acetyl CoA Carboxylase - fic biosensors to detect pesticides molecules used in agriculture. The AFM tip can be functionalized through its oxidation with spacer molecules. In order to simulate computationally this modified AFM tip that was called surface spacer-agent (SSA) using molecular dynamic (MD) simulations, the force field (FF) parameters had to be calculated. The FF parameters were obtained using quantum mechanical calculations and were implemented in an appropriate FF protocol. Three types of geometric molecular orientations of the ACCase were evaluated as a starting point to enzymatic immobilization, but only one was used to MD simulation. The criteria to define xyz orientation were basically based on the active sites from the ACCase enzyme are available to interact with molecules from the bulk and the surface contact area of the enzyme interacting with SSA ensure an strong interaction force to maintain the enzyme immobilized on the tip. Surface contact area, hydrogen bonds and protein stability were the parameters monitored during the MD trajectory as the enzymeherbicide interactions using a combination of molecular docking and molecular dynamics. The clusters formed using docking calculations in different regions along the ACCase enzyme were submitted to MD simulations in order to measure interactive energies of the system.
Purificação da Cefamicina C por processo de adsorção em coluna de leito fixo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-29) Oliveira, Liliane Maciel de; Pasotto, Marlei Barboza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7409321531977750
Cephalosporins are β-lactam antibiotics which are widely used in the treatment of bacterial infections. Within this group, cephamycin C (CefC) stands out from the others cephalosporins antibiotics due to its greater resistance to β-lactamases enzymes and its broader spectrum of action against Gram-negative pathogens. It is produced by the bacteria Nocardia lactamdurans and Streptomyces clavuligerus, usually in submerged fermentation. In the literature, the available information about the purification processes of this antibiotic are restricted to patents or papers published in the past decades. As cefC is the raw material for the production of important semi-synthetic antibiotics and due to the lack of scientifically substantiated information about its separation and purification processes, the motivation for the development of this thesis has arisen. Then, the aim of this thesis was to study the purification process of CefC produced by S. clavuligerus, by using the processes of adsorption and ion exchange in fixed bed columns. The techniques of adsorption and ion exchange present themselves as good strategies for CefC purification due to the amphoteric nature of the antibiotic molecule, which has positive or negative charges depending on the environmental pH, and the bicyclic nucleus in its structure, which allows the interaction with hydrophobic structures. As there is no chemical standard of cefC available on the market, in this study we have only used culture broth containing this antibiotic. The adsorbents evaluated were the neutral resins Amberlite XAD4 and Amberlite XAD16 and the anionic resin Q Sepharose XL. At first, ion exchange column experiments using the resin QXL were carried out. The results showed that the variation of the flow rate in the range of 2.5 mL/min to 7.5 mL/min did not affect the efficiencies of product recovery nor of bed utilization, and it did not interfere with the bioactive compounds elution. The isocratic elution modes using 0.1% or 1% NaCl (w / v) were able to separate cefC from other (s) compound (s) with antimicrobial activity present in the broth, which were not identified. But the use of 1% NaCl solution promoted the antibiotic recovery in a shorter process time and smaller volume than using 0.1 % NaCl solution. After analysis by mass spectrometry, carried out by ESI ionization in the positive mode, it was observed that the ion exchange process with QXL resin followed by adsorption on a C18 SPE cartridge were able to separate cefC from compound (s) whose molecules after ionization acquired m/z ratios corresponding to the lysine s molecule, and they also reduced the concentration of contaminants with m/z ratios corresponding to the molecules of penicillin N, deacetylcephalosporin C and deacetoxycephalosporin C. As the ion exchange studies were done, the adsorption studies using the neutral resins were initiated. At first, adsorption isotherms of cefC on XAD4 and XAD16 resins were obtained, and the effects of pH and temperature in the adsorption equilibrium were evaluated. The results showed that the broth pH had strong influence on the adsorption and the best condition was observed at pH 2.6 at 15° C. The kinetic experiments have shown that equilibrium is reached more quickly on the resin XAD16. Estimation of intrinsic kinetic parameters and mass transfer coefficients returned higher values for this resin. The column adsorption processes with XAD4 resin, when the column feed consisted of the ultrafiltered or clarified broth and the elution solutions were 1% or 5% (v/v) EtOH solutions, did not lead to separation of cefC from contaminants that were monitored in the experiments. But when the feed consisted of a preAbstract iv purified fraction, obtained in the ion exchange column with QXL resin, added with cephalosporin C, it was possible to separate the two antibiotics. Cephalosporin C was added to simulate the presence of some contaminants in the culture broth - deacetylcephalosporin C and deacetoxycephalosporin C. As these contaminants are in very low concentrations and there are not commercial chemical standards available to purchase, neither an analytical methodology to quantify them, it was decided to add cephalosporin C, whose chemical structure is very similar to the contaminants, the commercial standard is commercially available and there is a quantification method to determinate it. The column experiments with resin XAD16 showed similar results to the experiments with resin XAD4, in which it was also observed the separation of cefC from cephalosporin C. The moment analysis of the chromatographic peaks showed that cefC average retention times and peak dispersions were smaller in the column assays with XAD16 than with XAD4. Thus, a more concentrated fraction containing cefC was obtained in the column experiments with XAD16 resin. Therefore, it was demonstrated by the purification processes studied that the techniques of adsorption and ion exchange were effective in the purification of cefC in relation to contaminants that are difficult to separate
Isto não é uma criança! Teorias e métodos para o estudo de bebês nas distintas abordagens da sociologia da infância de língua inglesa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-04-29) Tebet, Gabriela Guarnieri de Campos; Abramowicz, Anete; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5599239425689574
This research aimed to discuss the theoretical and methodological foundations of Sociology of Childhood, trying to answer some methodological challenges that arise for research with babies, from a dialogue with English speakers scholars. This is a qualitative theoretical and bibliographic research, which some contributions of the genealogy as proposed by Foucault. From the analysis of the scientific production of Alison James, Chris Jenks, Alan Prout, Jens Qvortrup, Leena Alanen and William Corsaro, we question the value of concepts and methodologies proposed for the study of children (such as the concepts of childhood, generation, and peer cultures) in case of the studies of babies. We emphasize the necessity of constituting theoretically the baby inside Childhood Studies, as an independent analytical category. We already emphasize that babies should not be studied adopting the same concepts used for the study of children and even using the same methodologies. We put in a dialogue the ideas of Foucault, Deleuze and Simondon, presents the work of Jenks (2005) and Prout (2005), and using some concepts from these scholars, we defend the idea that there is a difference between babies and children that cannot be ignored. From the ideas of these authors, we argue that "babies" are beings immersed in the pre-individual condition. Are becomings, difference, pure potentiality not individuated; while children are individuals who have an identity (of age, gender, cultural belonging, ethnic-racial, etc..) that babies don t have. In terms of methodology, we point out that this singular condition of babies cannot be studied from any methodology. This way, we highlight the cartography proposed by Deleuze, the schizoanalysis , used by Guattari, the Transgressive Method of Bataille and the methodology of Actor-Network Theory , as some apparently promising methodologies for the study of babies.