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Efeitos do treinamento resistido sobre o metabolismo lipídico, a inflamação e a morfometria do tecido adiposo de ratas ovariectomizadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-06-06) Stotzer, Uliana Sbeguen; Araújo, Heloísa Sobreiro Selistre de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3565451122415181
Visceral obesity is an important risk factor cardiovascular diseases. After menopause, fat distribution shifts to visceral depots leading to lipid metabolism disorders and chronic lowgrade inflammation. Resistance training (RT) has beneficial effects in postmenopausal women, but its effectiveness in normalizing visceral adipose tissue disorders is not well understood. To address this questions adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups (n=6 per group): sham-sedentary (SHAM), ovariectomized- sedentary (OVX), SHAM-trained (S-T), OVX-T. Sham or ovariectomy procedure was performed with 250 grams. Three weeks after the surgery, trained groups started 10 weeks of climbing in a 1.1-m vertical ladder with progressive load of 65%, 85%, 95% and 100% of rat s previous maximal overload. All animals were killed 92 days after being ovariectomized and trained animals were killed 48 hours after the last training session. Mesenteric, parametrial and subcutaneous adipose tissues were prepared for morphometric analyses in colidina and osmium tetroxide and part of mesenteric adipose tissue was stored for mRNA analyses by quantitative PCR. Resistance training prevented ovariectomy-induced higher body weight, food intake, feeding efficiency and mesenteric and subcutaneous, but not parametrial adipocyte area. In addition, RT avoided OVX-induced upregulation in the lipogenic genes PPAR-γ, SREBP-1c and its downstream targets SCD-1 and ACC gene expression. Further, RT increases the gene expression of mitochondrial β-oxidation enzyme CPT-1 in OVX rats. RT also prevented the chronic low-grade inflammation in OVX group, demonstrated by the presence of macrophage markers (F4/80 and CD11b), increase in activated Th1 cells (IFN-γ) and the proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6). RT additionally created an antiinflammatory (IL-10) environment. The present results reflect a powerful prophylactic effects of resistance training in preventing pathological effects of estrogen deficiency, both at physiological and molecular levels. Therefore, we suggest that this may be an advantageous low cost-effective treatment at post-menopausal phase, since appropriately prescribed.
Design de TICS para apoiar fisioterapeutas em um hospital de doenças mentais crônicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-06-06) Silvestre, Rodrigo Gustavo; Anacleto, Junia Coutinho; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6200743168568684; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9067981402877583
The use of computing technologies to support healthcare processes has already been used for decades. More recently, the natural user interfaces (NUI) has been used to assist these processes, especially in therapeutic treatments. The UNITY Project, in which this work is part of, aims to explore the adoption of NUI to support professionals working in a hospital that treats chronic mental illness. The specific problem that this research addresses is to identify how information and communication technologies can be used to support, naturally, the work routine of health professionals who work in long-term care of patients with chronic mental illness. During several months of field research activities involving researchers and health professionals were developed for design, using more traditional approaches in the field of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) as participatory design and user-centered design, as well as more recent proposals such as design for appropriation. After a long iterative process and several rounds of prototyping, it was possible to design a digital system that allows health professionals to register, view and share information about their patients, thereby contributing to the creation of a digital record of the patients and the outcome and results of the treatments applied in them. The design process was centered in the health professional taking into consideration the information and features that support them in their work routine. Thus, results from this work was the beginning of an identification of a health care centered design model and the impact that this approach has on the final result arising from this process.
Avaliação do controle autonômico cardiovascular, do glicogênio muscular e de citocinas plasmáticas em ratos escolióticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-06-06) Chingui, Luciano Júlio; Catai, Aparecida Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0995311314853312
The anatomical alterations of spine have been researched in experimental and clinical studies. The present study focused the analysis on the three aspects. The scoliosis and the alterations on the metabolic profile of the paravertebral and pectoral muscles (study I), the scoliosis and stretching influence in the plasma citocines concentration (study II) and the status of cardiac autonomic function front the scoliosis implantation (study III). The three studies were performed with male rats, which were divided into different experimental groups, with a total n of 68 animals. For the scoliosis induction were applied a non-invasive model composed by vests made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). All data were expressed as mean ± epm. For the statistical analysis the Kolmogorov-Smirinov test was applied to investigate the normality of the data, whereas studies I and II were followed by the variance analysis ANOVA and Tukey post hoc (p<0,05), in the study III were used the Student-t test or the sum of rank in the Mann-Whitney test (p<0,05). In the first study were applied vests to the scoliotic group since the initial growth phase (post weaning) until the sixth week of growth, however in the studies II and III the vests application went up to the twelfth week. To the achievement of the first study the rats were divided into 2 experimental groups with n=6: control (C) and scoliotic (S). The outcomes from this study showed a reduction on the relation total protein/DNA, in the glycogen content and in the total weight of the scoliotic animals. This study established a homeostatic impairment of the pectoral and paravertebral muscles during the scoliosis induction process. In the second study the animals were distributed into 4 groups with n=8: control (C), stretched (S), scoliotic (SG) and stretched scoliotic (SS). The stretching consisted in 3 series of 30 seconds with 10 seconds of interval among the series. The results revealed an important increase in the concentration of IL-2, IL-6 and e TNF-α in the scoliotic group, whereas the intervention with stretching exercises could achieve a decrease of 4, 9 and 6% respectively on the concentration increase. These results suggest that the proposed model used to induce the scoliosis lead to a muscular disuse and the stretching has showed to be effective to minimize the deriving consequences of this disuse. In the third study the animals were divided into 2 groups again, control group (C, n=12) and scoliosis group (S, n=12). On this study the attention referred to possible alterations in the cardiovascular autonomic control system. Evaluations of heart rate variability, cardiac autonomic tonus and cardiac baroreflex sensitivity. From these results was possible to certify that scoliosis causes an alteration in the autonomic control, being that the scoliotic group presented best sympathetic modulation, greater vagal tone and greater cardiac baroreflex sensitivity. The outcomes suggest that scoliosis promote alterations in the autonomic function of the cardiac system. In general, the results from this study demonstrated that the scoliotic animals have smaller glycogen reserves and lower ratios of total protein/DNA; higher concentration of the citocines IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-α, while the scoliotic and stretched rats have lower concentrations from the same citocines; referring to the autonomic modulation the scoliosis led to a higher total variance, greater sympathetic cardiac modulation, greater vagal tono and best baroreflex sensitivity proving a better condition in the cardiovascular autonomic function through the most part of the evaluated items in the scoliotic rats.