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Possibilidades do uso de portfólios na aprendizagem da língua materna
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-06-28) Cerminaro, Maria Cecília; Lima, Emília Freitas de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9790614365588296
Efeitos da exposição ao inseticida diflubenzuron em curimbatá, Prochilodus lineatus (Teleósteo, Prochilodontidae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-06-28) Benze, Tayrine Paschoaletti; Fernandes, Marisa Narciso; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3021357484136942; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9366882113649897
The diflubenzuron (DFB), sold under the name Dimilin® (CHEMTURA), has been extensively used in aquaculture and agricultural applications may occur contamination of the aquatic environment. Prochilodus lineatus was exposed to 0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg L-1 DFB for 14 days and then were determined frequency erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ANE), and micronuclei (MN) in the blood, lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the gills and liver, histopathology of gills and liver, total osmolarity and concentration of plasma ions, the activity of the enzymes Na+/k+-ATPase (NKA) and H+-ATPase in the gills and the activity of carbonic anhydrase (AC) in the gills. The most frequent ENA were the kidney-shaped nucleus and micronucleus and increased significantly in the groups exposed to 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg L-1 DFB. The LPO concentration in the gills reduced in animals exposed to 2.0 mg L-1 DFB and in the liver there was an increase in the animals exposed to 0.5 and 2.0 mg L-1. The degree of tissue change (IAH), in the gills was higher in the groups exposed to 1.0 and 2.0 mg L-1 DFB. In the liver, the average change (VMA) and IAH increased in the groups exposed to 1.0 and 2.0 mg L-1 DFB. The total plasma osmolarity increased significantly in the group exposed to 0.5 mg L-1 Dimilin®, for the Cl- ion, there was a significant decrease of its concentration in the group exposed to 2.0 mg L-1. The activity of H+-ATPase showed an increase in group 1.0 mg L-1. The AC decreased significantly in the group exposed to 2.0 mg L-1. The Dimilin® has potential toxic to P. lineatus, causing genotoxic and mutangênica changes as well as changes morphofunctional in gills and liver, and can be monitored through the experimental techniques used in this work.
Limites à economia solidária: legitimidade e legalidade. O caso da Cooperativa Cooperlimp e seus impactos no desenvolvimento territorial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-06-28) Moya, Rafael Duarte; Shimbo, Ioshiaqui; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6315114291031702; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5592270175399006
From the identification of a pocket of poverty in a medium-sized city in a city in the state of São Paulo, an incubator started university in 1998, a work of lifting needs along with the population living in a particular region São Carlos. Thus was founded in 1999 Cooperlimp. In 2009, the cooperative signed a Term of Conduct Adjustment with the Prosecution Office of Labor, in which it would terminate its activities until January 2011. The damage caused by this measure were taken multiple, deeply and profound. The aim of this research is to seek the Brazilian legal system, in general, if it would be able to meet the needs of Productive Associations, especially popular cooperatives and organizational structures of the Solidarity Economy. It shows the limits of the law, the limits of the understanding of the actors involved in the face of the challenges of Solidarity Economy, particularly the implementation of public policies, the relationship between legality and legitimacy, their territorial impacts and social consequences.
Mecanismos prosencefálicos e da área rostroventrolateral do bulbo no controle de respostas cardiovasculares em ratos acordados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-06-28) Gomide, Joelma Maria Cardoso; Menani, José Vanderlei; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9648215526253497
The rostroventrolateral medulla (RVLM) is a main central area of origin of sympathetic premotor neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) and has an important role in the generation and maintenance of sympathetic vasomotor tone. The RVLM receives both excitatory and inhibitory influences from different regions of the CNS. Recent results from our laboratory suggest that the activity of forebrain cholinergic and angiotensinergic mechanisms and anteroventral region of the third ventricle (AV3V) is important for the pressor response produced by injection of the excitatory amino acid glutamate in the RVLM. Intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of carbachol (cholinergic agonist) or angiotensin II (ANG II) causes pressor responses dependent on sympathetic activation and vasopressin secretion that are abolished by lesions of the AV3V region. Studies in anesthetized rats suggested that changes in fluid-electrolyte balance, particularly in rats with access to only normal chow and 0.9% NaCl for 14 days, increases sympathetic activity and blood pressure in response to injections of glutamate into the RVLM. In the present study, we investigated the cardiovascular responses produced by injection of glutamate, acetylcholine, GABA and angiotensin II in the RVLM in unanesthetized rats after 24 h water deprivation or access to only normal chow and 0.9% NaCl for 14 days. In this last protocol it was also tested the effects of different doses of glutamate (0.1, 1, 3 and 5 nmol/100 nl) injected into the RVLM. Basal mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) in rats with 24 h of water deprivation (108 +- 2 mmHg and 354 +- 17 bpm, respectively) or rats treated with normal chow and 0.9% NaCl for 14 days (115 +- 2 mmHg and 359 +- 17 bpm, respectively) were not different from those of control animals (113 +- 2 mmHg and 383 +- 16 bpm, respectively). Changes in MAP of animals with 24 h water deprivation were not different from those observed in control animals after injection into the RVLM of glutamate (5 nmol/100 nl) (51 +- 3 mmHg, vs. controls: 55 +- 4 mmHg), acetylcholine (10 nmol/100 nl) (22 +- 9 mmHg, vs. controls: 15 +- 12 mmHg), angiotensin II (200 ng/100 nl) (41 +- 5 mmHg, vs. controls: 50 +- 6 mmHg) or GABA (1 nmol/100 nl) (-19 +- 3 mmHg, vs. controls: -19 +- 3 mmHg). In animals that had access to 0.9% NaCl for 14 days, the changes in MAP were also similar to control animals after injection into the RVLM of glutamate (42 +- 7 mmHg, vs. controls: 46 +- 16 mmHg), acetylcholine (31 +- 3 mmHg, vs. controls: 26 +- 2 mmHg), angiotensin II (53 +- 4 mmHg, vs. controls: 46 +- 8 mmHg) or GABA (-22 +- 5 mmHg vs. controls: -17 +- 4 mmHg). In rats with access to 0.9% NaCl for 14 days we did not observe differences in the changes in MAP produced by injection of glutamate into the RVLM at doses of 0.1 nmol/100 nl (11 +- 1 mmHg, vs. controls: 10 +- 4 mmHg), 1 nmol/100 nl (17 +- 6 mmHg, vs. controls: 14 +- 4 mmHg), 3 nmol/100 nl (24 +- 9 mmHg, vs. controls: 43 +- 11 mmHg) or 5 nmol/100 nl (43 +- 6 mmHg, vs. controls: 56 +- 6 mmHg). The HR variations produced by the different treatments in the RVLM in control rats, rats with 24 h of water deprivation or those that had access to 0.9% NaCl for 14 days were also similar. Unlike the results in the literature with anesthetized rats, the present results suggest that the access to normal chow and 0.9% NaCl for 14 days does not modify the cardiovascular responses produced by the injection of different doses of glutamate, acetylcholine, ANG II or GABA into the RVLM in unanesthetized rats. The same is true for unanesthetized rats with 24 h water deprivation. Another objective of this study was to investigate the cardiovascular responses produced by injection of glutamate into the RVLM in awake rats pretreated with either carbachol (cholinergic agonist) or ANG II injected into the lateral ventricle (LV). Basal MAP and HR of the animals were 117 +- 4 mmHg and 400 +- 17 bpm, respectively. The pressor response produced by injection of glutamate (5 nmol/100 nl) into the RVLM increased after pretreatment with carbachol (4 nmol/1 £gl) or Ang II (50 ng/1 £gl) injected icv (59 +- 3 and 68 +- 5 mmHg, respectively) compared with the control responses produced by glutamate injection in the RVLM combined with icv injection of vehicle (37 +- 3 mmHg). The pressor responses produced by the injection of carbachol or ANG II icv (which reached a maximum of 56 +- 3 and 44 +- 3 mmHg, respectively) were already reduced (9 +- 2 and 6 +- 3 mmHg, respectively) at the time of injection glutamate into the RVLM (20 min after icv injection). There was no difference in the changes in HR that occurred after the injection of carbachol or ANG II into the LV or glutamate injected into the RVLM alone or combined. These results suggest that central cholinergic or angiotensinergic activation facilitates the pressor response produced by RVLM glutamatergic activation. Moxonidine (£\2 adrenergic/imidazole receptor agonist), used as antihypertensive, reduces sympathetic discharges by central action. Thus, we investigated the effect of previous injection of moxonidine into the RVLM on the cardiovascular responses produced by glutamate injection in the same area. Basal MAP and HR of the animals were 112 +- 4 mmHg and 393 +- 30 bpm, respectively. The previous injection of moxonidine (5 nmol/100 nl) into the RVLM reduced the pressor response produced by the injection of glutamate (5 nmol/100 nl) into the RVLM (23 +- 3 mmHg, vs. after vehicle: 45 +- 6 mmHg) without significant changes in the bradycardic response (-7 +- 18 bpm, vs. after vehicle: -28 +- 15 bpm). The results suggest that activation of £\2 adrenergic/imidazole receptors by the injection of moxonidine into the RVLM attenuates the pressor response resulting from sympathetic activation produced by glutamatergic stimulation of this area. Finally we investigated the cardiovascular responses produced by the injection of carbachol into the LV in rats treated with moxonidine injected bilaterally into the RVLM combined or not with vasopressinergic antagonist (AVP) injected intravenously (iv). Baseline MAP and HR of the animals that were treated with carbachol in the LV combination or not with the antagonist of AVP iv + moxonidine into the RVLM were 118 +- 3 mmHg and 404 +- 12 bpm, respectively. Bilateral injections of moxonidine (5 nmol/100 nl) into the RVLM in these rats caused a reduction in MAP when compared with the pre-injection values or controls. HR reduction was also observed after injections of moxonidine into the RVLM when compared to control. Previous injections of moxonidine (5 nmol/100 nl) into the RVLM reduced the initial pressor response (2 minutes) produced by the injection of carbachol (4 nmol/1 £gl) into the LV (21 +- 4 mmHg, vs. vehicle 40 +- 2 mmHg), whereas later (8 to 18 min after the injection of carbachol) occurred a potentiation of the pressor response to carbachol (63 +- 4 mmHg, vs. vehicle 44 +- 2 mmHg). The prior iv injection of the vasopressin V1 receptor antagonist (10 mg/kg body weight) reduced the late pressor response (8 to 18 min) produced by the injection of carbachol (4 nmol/1 £gl) in the rats treated with LV injections of moxonidine (5 nmol/100 nl) into the RVLM (8': 22 +- 3 mmHg; 10': 19 +- 3 mmHg; 12': 18 +- 3 mmHg; 14': 18 +- 3 mmHg; 16': 14 +- 3 mmHg; 18': 12 +- 3 mmHg) or vehicle treated in RVLM (8': 20 +- 3 mmHg; 10': 16 +- 3 mmHg; 12': 14 +- 3 mmHg; 14': 13 +- 3 mmHg; 16': 12 +- 3 mmHg; 18': 12 +- 3 mmHg). In rats treated with AVP antagonist the initial pressor response (2 minutes) was also reduced in the groups receiving moxonidine in the RVLM (17 +- 3 mmHg) or vehicle in RVLM the (29 +- 4 mmHg). There was no difference in the late response to carbachol of rats receiving injections of vehicle or moxonidine into the RVLM combined with vasopressin antagonist iv. The HR changes that occurred after the injection of carbachol into the LV combined with moxonidine or vehicle injected into the RVLM in rats receiving or not vasopressin antagonist iv were similar. The peak pressor response to carbachol injected into the LV of rats treated with moxonidine injected into the RVLM which was higher (63 +- 4 mm Hg) than that of vehicle-treated rats in RVLM (43 +- 2 mmHg) was reduced to similar values in rats with blockade of vasopressin V1 receptor treated with moxonidine (26 +- 2 mmHg) or vehicle in RVLM (32 +- 2 mmHg). Thus, the present results suggest that the late increase in the pressor response produced by injections of carbachol icv in rats treated with moxonidine in RVLM is due to increased secretion of vasopressin.
Determinantes das exportações de carne de frango no Brasil: : uma análise com dados de painel
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-06-28) Mejia, Tulio Alfonso Agurto; Silva Junior, Geraldo Edmundo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5138808982229139; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3163108741816528; Rodrigues, Rodrigo Vilela; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7066100737307566; Plata, Ludwig Einstein Agurto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5645319515431363
La cadena productiva de carne de pollo es una de las más importantes del agro negocio brasilero, la creciente demanda interna así como de la externa refuerzan el gran potencial del sector que se ha constituido en los últimos años en uno de los elementos destacados del agro negocio, caracterizándose por su competitividad y como fuente generadora de ingresos para el país. Tomando en cuenta las oportunidades y los desafíos del mercado internacional, esta disertación tiene como objetivo determinar los factores y la influencia de ellos sobre la formación de la función de oferta de exportación de carne de pollo a través de la metodología de datos en panel. El modelo teórico se fundamenta en la determinación de las exportaciones a través de la diferencia entre la oferta y la demanda del mercado interno. El estudio permite afirmar que existe una significativa relación entre el volumen exportado y los factores macroeconómicos como la renda externa, el PBI de los principales importadores de carne de pollo y el tipo de cambio, así como, el impacto significativo de los precios de exportación y de insumos de producción como harina de soya e choclo sobre el volumen exportado. La metodología de datos en panel aplicada en la estimación permitió confirmar que existe influencia de las Unidades Federativas en la formación de la oferta de exportación, o sea, la presencia de características individuales en cada Unidad Federativa, de este modo, estos resultados pueden ser importantes para la implementación de políticas sectoriales.
Sistemas baseados em amido termoplástico: pectina contendo hidroxiapatita nanoestruturada visando liberação de fósforo em meio aquoso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-06-28) Santos, Maria Fernanda dos; Corrêa, Daniel Souza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0461451015026948; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6306668821581363
The use of fertilizers to increase agricultural production, combined to the high import rate of this resource by Brazil, has motivated scientific and technological development of high performance fertilizers. In this context, here we aimed at the synthesize hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HAP) by coprecipitation method followed by hydrothermal treatment. HAP solubility obtained at different hydrothermal aging was evaluated to monitor the dependence of solubility in aqueous solution with particle size and crystallization condition. In order to control the release of phosphate ions from HAP, aiming at application in soil as a fertilizing resource, the methodology used was based on placing the nanoparticles inside sachets-like compartments. Such sachets are composed by polymeric films containing different percentages of thermoplastic starch (TPS) and pectin (PEC). The best composition of the blends was determined by investigating the degradation of sachets in aqueous solution. The solubility of the HAP nanoparticles was evaluated by measuring the concentration of phosphate ions in aqueous solution, using the molybdenum blue colorimetric method. The results showed that the nanoparticles without hydrothermal treatment presented high solubility, lower particle size and crystallinity. After storage inside the polymeric sachet, it was observed that both the nanoparticles with and without hydrothermal treatment have high solubility, which may be due to a decrease in the pH caused by polymer degradation. From these results it was concluded that the incorporation of HAP inside the polymeric sachets could be an alternative to minimize the effects of leaching and provide controlled release of phosphorus, since the polymers employed (starch and pectin) show high biodegradability.
Efeito da exposição à atrazina nas brânquias de Poecilia vivipara aclimatados a diferentes salinidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-06-28) Azevedo, Vinicius Cavicchioli; Fernandes, Marisa Narciso; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9171803323526581
Atrazine is an herbicide widely used in agriculture, cause morphological and biochemical changes in organs of many species. The estuarine environments are highly dynamic under constant variations of physicochemical water. Currently there are no proposals to regulate the discharge of pollutants in environments that consider the interactions between contaminants, the physicochemical properties and biota. As also few studies, evaluating biomarkers in animals exposed to contamination with simultaneously physicochemical variations. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of atrazine on ionic regulation evaluating the activity of the enzyme Na+/K+ ATPase (NKA) , V-H+ - ATPase (V-AH) and carbonic anhydrase (CA), changes in the morphology of cells rich in mitochondria (MRC) and mucous cells (MC), the antioxidant system evaluating the total antioxidant capacity against peroxyl radicals (ACAP), glutathione-s-transferase (GST), level of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and histopathological changes in Poecilia vivipara acclimated to different salinities. Individuals of P. vivipara were acclimated in salinity 25, 16, 8 and fresh water and subsequently exposed to three different concentrations of atrazine (2, 10 and 100 mg L- 1). The NKA increased with decreasing salinity and showed different responses against atrazine depending of acclimatization salinity the animals. The activity of V - HA increased front of the reduce of salinity, exposure to atrazine increased the activity of V-HA in all the different acclimatization, and CA activity was inhibited with decreasing salinity and exposure to atrazine. The density and fractional area of MRC increased with the decrease in the salinity and atrazine exposure decreased these two parameters in all salinities. The density and fractional area of CMs decreased with salinity and atrazine exposure caused an increase in density and fractional area of CMs, suggesting an increased production and release of mucus in an attempt to prevent oxidative damage. The ACAP and GST activity in gills of P. viviparous after exposure to atrazine showed different responses for each salinity acclimatization. The results show that in all salinity acclimatization atrazine causes changes in gill tissue, which may compromise its function.
Enfrentamentos ao racismo e discriminações na educação superior: experiências de mulheres negras na construção da carreira docente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-06-28) Silva, Maria de Lourdes; Silva, Petronilha Beatriz Gonçalves e; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9178638111739606
This research, based on the experiences of four black women teachers in public universities in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, aimed to understand how black women teachers who opted politically by facing racism and discrimination have been building their careers in Higher Education. And also understand the strategies that rely on the support received and the constitution of being women, black and teachers at this level of education. The question that guided this research was: How black women teachers with the option of facing racism and discrimination build their careers in Higher Education? The theoretical-methodological approach was built on the Phenomenology. Data collection was done through lengthy conversations, inspired already done by King (1996, 2000) and Machado (2007). The analysis is supported unleashed on principles and procedures as, among others, from: Silva, P. B. G. (1987), Silva, D. V. (2009); Bernardes (1992), and T. Nobrega P. (2010). The results reaffirm that black women constitute persons in unfavorable conditions, by virtue of their descent from the African people who were enslaved in Brazil, and their ethnic-racial roots being disrespected. These conditions require them to strengthen their identities as women, blacks, and to challenge and overcome the conditions imposed by the joints between male domination, sexism, racism and capitalism. The participants expressed that they have built their careers as teachers in higher education, facing racism and discrimination. Therefore, seek training opportunities and improvement, act comprometidamente movements aimed at social, political, academic and educational. Jogging dialogical educational processes that enable them to educate themselves and educate others to ethno-racial fairer, equitable and supportive. To do this they had to seek strategies triggered learning in family, support from friends, colleagues teachers, former teachers of their training routes and militancy. Activism in humanitarian causes enables them to strengthen the pride of their ethnic-racial, protecting them from misfortunes and at the same time, enabling them to cope with hostile situations with courage and consciousness of blackness.
Roteiro para diagnóstico e proposição de melhorias com base em princípios e ferramentas da produção enxuta
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-06-28) Ortiz, Felipe Alfonso Huertas; Paliari, José Carlos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9387796929252598; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6135377207553255
Currently there are companies in the construction sector which are incorporating lean construction concepts as a strategy in order to improve their production system. However, this transformation process presents several difficulties, particularly among these, the lack of a clear methodology for diagnosing propose and implement improvement. Based on this, the goal of this dissertation is proposing a methodology to diagnose, finding opportunities for improvement and implementing these opportunities in a construction site, based on concepts and techniques (VSM and LOB) of lean production. To achieve this target, firstly, we make a literature review along with expert s interviews. In second place, we made an experimental practice at São Carlos city (São Paulo-Brazil), where we got some guidelines and procedures to implement a lean philosophy. Those procedures were progressing through discussion and feedback of practice and theory, until achieve a methodology, final product of this dissertation. After this, a methodology was applied on a case study at Limeira city (São Paulo - Brazil). Finally, this methodology is structured in four stages: problem identification, classification of root causes, creating proposals for improvement and implementation. Among the conclusions, there is, on the one hand the systematically way of the methodology, embracing topics such as: lean philosophy, lean techniques (VSM and LOB), methods currently used by companies in the lean consulting sector and the method described by Shingo to achieve improvements. In the other hand, the need to define certain variables for each activity (cycle times, lead times, number of workers involved, elements of work), in order to allow the implementation of more refined concepts such as balancing of the production chain, Just in time, streaming, stock disposal etc.
Uma proposta no ensino de fração para adolescentes com e sem deficiência visual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-06-28) Costa, Ailton Barcelos da; Gil, Maria Stella Coutinho de Alcântara; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1673770301699940; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4958516098083437
The research deals with the teaching of fraction concepts to adolescents with and without visual impairment (blindness and low vision), from fourteen to eighteen. And understanding this as one of the bases for the study of mathematics itself, as well as the school experience as a privileged moment in the construction of citizenship, enabling the student to the complexity of the real world, this research arises from the need to expand scarce teaching experiences on this issue and on the specific difficulties of students of various grade levels to work with fractions. Starting from the presentation of the various experiences on teaching mathematics to visually impaired people in Brazil, since the nineteenth century until today, this study aimed to develop, implement and evaluate a procedure for teaching the concept of fractions to three adolescents with visual impairments which could also be used in teaching adolescents with visual sensory system integrity. The approach used was the differential, which focused on investigating the nature and causes of variations in the expression of learning in the population surveyed for this population that underwent evaluation of initial repertoire in two stages , followed by the application of teaching , prepared by the researcher , in two phases , with the final evaluation of repertoire and follow up. Finally, we discussed the educational backwardness of the participants, followed by an evaluation of the use of the general use of materials discrete and continuous, concluding that to investigate the oral and tactile stimulation to selected participants, we observed the formation of mathematical concepts through teaching fractions, both visually impaired teenagers and those with full vision. The objective of the research was achieved, demonstrating the need to rethink part of teaching and its mediation.