Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2013-07-15"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 17830

Estudo da vegetação do Parque natural municipal Corredores da Biodiversidade (PNMCBio), Sorocaba/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-07-15)
Coelho, Samuel
;
Leite, Eliana Cardoso
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2186623269243747
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3368833362954429
Os efeitos do ensino de tato para itens de alta e baixa preferência na emergência do mando em crianças com autismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-07-19)
Mendes, Valeria
;
Goyos, Antônio Celso de Noronha
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3407008711535651
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1579234036925651
Children with atypical development and with verbal behavior deficits, specifically children with autism, can benefit from a systematic teaching of verbal operants and programs that promote its generalization. Verbal behavior is an operant behavior maintained by consequences mediated by a listener that was previously trained by the verbal community to respond to such verbal stimuli. Among the verbal operants, three were of particular interest to this research: echoic, tact and mand. The aim of this research was to examine the effects of tact training for high and low preferred leisure items in the emergence of mand for these same items. Five students with autism (aged from 5 to 14 years old) attending a special education school participated in this research. Participants were exposed one at a time to the experimental conditions and the behavior was observed in the test condition of mand, teaching tact and, then, the effects of the tact teaching was observed in the emergence of mand. The experimental stimuli (leisure items and edibles) were selected from the indication of the parents and teacher, followed by a Forced Choice preference assessment. At the end of the teaching procedure, participants presented tact for high (AP) and low preferred (BP) items. In the mand post-test, participants demonstrated the emergence of this operant with a higher frequency of responses for AP items. The results suggest that the emergence of mands with a higher frequency of responses for AP items may be related to the motivating operation, since the AP items could exert a more reinforcing function than the BP items, which has practical implications for the teaching of verbal behavior.
Desenvolvimento de um potenciostato/galvanostato portátil e eletrodos impressos para determinações in situ em análises em fluxo com transmissão de dados em tempo real
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-07-19)
Santos, Vagner Bezerra dos
;
Fatibello Filho, Orlando
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9859737944357808
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5690211284729828
The main purpose of this work was to develop a potentiostat/galvanostat (PG004) to perform the electroactive metallic ions determination in water samples automatically. A dry thermostated electrochemical cell and a flow system with multicommutation were developed based on the use of the solenoid micropumps and valves with screen-printed electrodes (SPE) for the electrochemical measurements with detection employing stopped flow or continuous flow techniques. Two types of the SPE were developed: i) the SPE based on bismuth film (SPE-BiF) electrochemically deposited for on-line and in situ or ex situ modes, and ii) the boron doped diamond coupled to the SPE (SPE-BDD). These devices, and the electrodes were optimized and their performances were evaluated firstly by employing commercially available potentiostat/galvanostat. Thus, individual or simultaneous determination of Zn2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+ ions were carried out using the stopped flow technique and detection employing square-wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) to the SPE-BiF, and differential pulse (DPASV) for the SPE-BDD. Limits of detection (LDs) of 1.60 μg L-1, 0.30 μg L-1 and 0.09 μg mL-1, respectively were obtained for the simultaneous determination of Zn2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+ ions by using the SPE BiF ex-situ with SWASV. For the BDD-SPE-DPASV, LDs of 2.50 μg L-1, 0.38 μg L-1 and 0.10 μg L-1 were obtained, respectively, for the determination mentioned previously. Determination of analytes individually or simultaneously were also carried out with SPE-BDD employing multiple pulse amperometry (MPA), and LDs of 150 μg L-1, 87.0 μg L-1 and 13.0 μg mL-1 were obtained respectively for simultaneous determination of Zn2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+ ions with a sampling rate of 54 determinations per hour. In parallel with the electroanalyticals determinations, the PG004 was developed according to the following sequence. i) development of the electronic circuits; ii) calibrations of the PG004; iii) assembly of the PG004 with the flow module coupled to it; iv) coupling of the peripheral devices to the CPU of the PG004 for the wireless transmission of the data with Bluetooth®, Wi-Fi® and 3G protocol, and a GPS receiver), and v) connections of the power unit (12 V batteries) and solar board. Then, the PG004 was employed to determine Cd2+ and Pb2+ ions with SPE-BDD and SWASV in laboratory to simulate in situ conditions. Then, the PG004 was placed to the field for in situ determinations of Cd2+ and Pb2+ ions with good results: i) individual and simultaneous determinations of the Cd2+ and Pb2+ ions with recoveries ranged from 93.3 to 109%; ii) voltammograms with no noises and with good resolutions; iii) reception of the geographical coordinates using the GPS receiver and sending experimental data via mobile technology (GPRS); iv) great autonomy of energy due to the solar board; v) automated capture, filtration and thermostatic temperature control for in situ analysis; vi) SPE-BDD and SPE-BiF reusable at the end of the analysis and vii) low waste generation per determination (700 μL).
Caracterização elétrica e microestrutural de vitrocerâmicas condutoras por íon lítio com estrutura NASICON
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-07-22)
Semanate, José Luis Narváez
;
Rodrigues, Ana Candida Martins
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4499231813051400
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9824558997496023
This doctoral thesis presents results of the chemical, thermal, structural, microstructural and electrical characterization of glass and glass-ceramics with Li1,3Al0,3Ti1,7(PO4)3 (LATP), Li1,5Al0,5Ge1,5(PO4)3 (LAGP) and (LixNa1-x)1,5Al0,5Ge1,5(PO4)3 (LNAGP) compositions. All the compositions are shown to present homogeneous volume nucleation (Tgr ≤ 0.6), enabling their microstructures to be controlled through heat treatments, which in this study were single and double. The highly conductive NASICON-type phase was obtained in all the studied compositions. Secondary phases were also observed, albeit with no deleterious effect on the total electrical conductivity. Electrical characterization by impedance spectroscopy, performed at various temperatures below ambient temperature, enabled the contributions of the grain and grain boundary on the total electrical conductivity to be separated. An analysis of the two glass-ceramics, LATP and LAGP, leads to the conclusion that, in both cases, the total electrical resistance of the samples, and hence, their total electrical conductivity, is dominated by the grain boundary. The LATP composition presented higher electrical conductivity at room temperature, but also lower glass forming ability (very low Kgl). A Rietveld refinement of the LATP samples obtained by single heat treatment revealed that the concentration of lithium ions in the unit cell increases as a function of the heat treatment temperature. The electrical conductivity results indicate a relationship between this property and the thickness and volume fraction of grain boundaries, since the latter decrease with heat treatment temperature (in TTS case) and increase with nucleation time (in the case of TTD). The LATP samples obtained by TTD exhibited higher electrical conductivity than those obtained by TTS at the same temperature; however, this effect was not observed in the LAGP samples. The electrical conductivity of the LNAGP samples showed a mixed alkali effect in both the glasses and the corresponding glass-ceramics.
Desenvolvimento de sistema para monitoramento e controle de biorreator airlift de escala de bancada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-07-22)
Torresam, Gabriel Deriggi
;
Badino Júnior, Alberto Colli
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3114111479745705
In the present work it was developed a system for monitoring and control of a bench scale concentric-tube airlift bioreactor of 5.0 L working volume. The software-based language G (Labview) provides the user monitor important process variables such as dissolved oxygen concentration, pH, volumetric flow rate of feed, pressure difference between two points along the axial direction and temperature in two regions of liquid phase flow phase, and it can act in the volumetric flow rate and gas stream composition at the input of bioreactor. Overall gas hold-up (eG) and gas hold-up in riser (eR) and downcomer (eD) regions were determined using volumetric expansion and gauge measurement methods. Mixing time (tm) and circulation time (tC) were determined by thermal and pH pulse methods. Dynamic pressure method was utilized for evaluating mass transfer measurement in airwater biphasic system. These methods were utilized in order to obtain significant hydrodynamic performance parameters as a function of superficial gas velocity in the riser (UGR). Analyses of the oxygen transfer dynamics were also used in the development of automatic control loop to control the dissolved oxygen concentration. As a concrete result, this study provided software for data acquisition and monitoring of all sensors in pneumatic bioreactor, providing a tool to explore the hydrodynamic performance and control of the dissolved oxygen concentration in concentric-tube airlift bioreactor during aerobic cultivations. The system validation was performed by comparing the results obtained in the hydrodynamics tests with those of literature and control loop was tested in simulations involving a cultivation of a strictly aerobic microorganism.
Cerâmicas de PZT modificadas com terras raras sintetizadas usando o método dos complexos oxidantes de peróxido (OPM) e sinterizadas por micro-ondas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-07-23)
Yamada, Liliam Kaori
;
Camargo, Emerson Rodrigues de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7720754304065239
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2196981696722912
The Pb(Zr0,52Ti0,48)O3 solid solution in morphotropic phase and its modified (RExPb1-x)(Zr0,52Ti0,48O3) with RE = La, Pr or Nd and x = 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.30, 0.38 and 0.45 were satisfctorily prepared by oxidant peroxo method (OPM), in which the solid solutions of Pr- and Nd-PZT were first synthesized by this technique. The PZT medication with RE caused the loss of tetragonal character and decreased stiffness of Zr / TiO6 octahedra with the meeting of ceramic saturation in 10 % to Pr and 20 % to La and Nd. The optimization of calcination condition of PZT powders at 600 °C / 0.5 h caused to be impurity free in its structure. Futhermore, showed grains less coalesced with size more homogeneous with little necks formation in relation to other thermal conditions performed. On the other hand, the RE-PZT powders cacined in the same condition showed impurities in its structure which was not ideal for complete crystallization of the powder. The ceramic bodies, prepared from these powders calcined at 600 °C / 0.5 h with sintering in microwave oven at three different conditions: 900 °C / 2 h, 1000 °C / 0.5 h and 1000 °C / 2 h, showed relative density values over 98 % for pure PZT and below 96 % for RE-PZT without change in value between the different sintering conditions performed.
Variaçãos sazonal e migração vertical da comunidade zooplanctônica (exceto Rotifera) do reservatório de Itupararanga, Votorantim, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-07-24)
Giron, Aline Karen Santana
;
Santos, André Cordeiro Alves dos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2131880667704281
;
Magrin, Albano Geraldo Emílio
;
MAGRIN, A. G. E.
The present study aimed to analyse the Itupararanga reservoir zooplankton community in relation to diel and seasonal variation and vertical migration of the organisms in the water column and verify if there are patterns of variation. For this two samples were performed in the reservoir in 2011: in February, rainy period and in july, dry period. The collections were performed in diel cycle (every four hours), in three different layers of the water column (surface, middle and bottom) and in two environments of the reservoir (dam and central body). Stratification in the water column was observed for both environments and both periods. 25 species of the mesozooplankton were identified. Chaoborus larvae were more abundant in February in relation to july and the opposite was observed for cladocerans and copepods. Among the copepods, dominance of juvenile stages (nauplii and copepodites) was observed in both environments and periods. Among the adults of copepods the specie more abundant was Notodiaptomus deitersi (1.298 org.m3) and among the cladocerans was Bosmina freyi (32.282 org.m3). The peak of the total density of the zooplankton community occurred during the dry period in the dam environment with 81.211 org.m3. Chaoborus exercised predation pressure on microcrustaceans during the rainy period. During the dry period, in the absence of Chaoborus in the water column, cladocerans and copepods were more ecologically successful. For all of the groups was observed the usual pattern of vertical migration; reverse migration was not observed. Despite predation pressure, the microcrustaceans not altered their vertical distribution for decrease special overlap with Chaoborus. For all of the groups the migration pattern adopted seems a result of escape from predators and search for good food resources.
Caracterização estrutural e funcional de uma xiloglucanase de Xanthomonas campestris
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-07-25)
Araújo, Evandro Ares de
;
Polikarpov, Igor
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9669532724764871
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2779616651062488
Xyloglucanases (Xghs) are important enzymes involved in xyloglucan modification and degradation. Xanthomonas campestris (Xcc) is a phytopathogenic bacterium which produces a large number of glycosyl hydrolases (GH), but has only one family 74 GH (Xcc-Xgh). A Xcc-Xgh xyloglucan-specific endo-β-1,4-glucanase from family GH74 has been cloned from the Xanthomonas campestris by expression cloning in E. coli. The recombinant enzyme was purified by resin another Ni-NTA column and gel permeation chromatography. The recombinant Xcc-Xgh is stable at pH of 5.3 and temperature below 40°C; the specific activity this enzyme were determined such as 9.31U/mg protein. This enzyme was purified and crystallized. Diffraction datasets were collected for native enzyme and its two complexs with glucose at maximum resolution of 2.0, 2.1 and 2.7 Å, respectively. Data were indexed in the hexagonal crystalline system with unit-cell parameters a=b=153.4 and c=84.9 Å. Data scaling indicated that crystals belong to either space group P61 or its enantiomorph P65. Translation search in molecular replacement calculations solved the space group ambiguity (P61) and the structure refinement is currently in progress. That elucidation of the three-dimensional structure by SAXS and Crystallography of this enzyme will increase our understanding of structure function relationships of the GH74 family members and might provide new structural insights about xyloglucanases mode of action on xyloglucan polysaccharides.
Modelagem e simulação em plantas de etanol: uma abordagem técnico-econômica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-07-26)
Tonon Filho, Renato José
;
Cruz, Antonio José Gonçalves da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1304975895210691
The ethanol (fuel grade and anhydrous) is, fundamentally, the most relevant global biofuel nowadays, in energy, environmental, economic and technological terms. This scenario brings up the Brazilian ethanol, made from sugarcane, a very studied topic. Thus, knowing the process of ethanol production from sugarcane in technical terms shows itself as a relevant fact, since it can contribute to the increase of production plants profits. Notoriously, the acquaintance and analysis of some project s economic viability can greatly optimize the intended returns, while it can be taken as tool for decision making. Therefore, the present work aimed, in the technical side, the improvement of the computational model (developed with EMSO software) capable of simulating ethanol plants (first and second generations 1G and 2G, respectively) by the input of realistic data, obtained from actual operating ethanol plants. In the economic aspect, the simulations production data were used to feed the economic viability analysis, using the IRR (internal return rate) and NPV (net present value) concepts. Thereby, three cases were considered: 1) plant producing 1G ethanol and electric energy surplus (plant A); 2) plant producing 1G and 2G ethanol, no electric energy surplus (plant B) and 3) plant producing 1G ethanol and: either 2G ethanol or electric energy surplus (plant C). One obtained the following: IRRA = 7.6% and NPVA = - USD 34,5M; IRRB = 8,3% and NPVB = - USD 30,0M; IRRC = 8,0% and NPVC = - USD 41,8M. So, from that, one concludes that the methodology, the software and the biorefinery model were useful and adequate for the projected analysis. In comparison with the minimum acceptable rate of return (MARR, 11% in this case), none of the scenarios were acceptable (IRRs < MARR), which is ratified by the negative NPVs (all). None of the simulated plants were considered economic viable, being plant B the most attractive among the three cases, under the given conditions and assumptions.
Dinâmica da paisagem da Zona de Amortecimento do Parque Estadual de Porto Ferreira como subsídio para a revisão do plano de manejo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-07-26)
Moraes, Mayra Cristina Prado de
;
Toppa, Rogério Hartung
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1246771709401210
;
Sansolo, Davis Gruber
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/9763222402206421
The replacement of natural habitats by cultures promotes the remaining forest s fragments reduction, they become small, highly disturbed and isolated. The Buffer Zones (BZ) were created on the Conservation Units (CU) surroundings to lessen the adverse impacts exerted by the external environment to them. The main objectives of this study were to analyze the dynamic of the land use change in its anthropic and natural contexts, during the 1971, 1988 and 2008 years; determine the conflicts presents on the Riparian Forest (RF) and understand the processes that occurred in the Buffer Zone of the State Park of Porto Ferreira (SPPF). We conducted a mapping of the study area on Geographic Information Systems (GIS) platform, defining the classes of land s use and occupation. With the aid of landscape metrics (PROX, SHAPE, NNDist, Area, Core Area) was possible to evaluate the fragments in all years of the study. According to the results of the class use, sugarcane was the one that stood out, with a growth of 38.75 % increase over the years, with the largest increase (27.55 %) for the period 1971 -1988. Analyzing the entire period studied, the forested areas, had a reduction of 4.34% in the landscape, which corresponds to 259.7 ha, the fragments became less frequent in the landscape and generally associated with watercourses. For the metric connectivity, there was a tendency to slightly over 50 % of the fragments in the three years studied are not connected with any other. To SHAPE was not observed fragments with rounded shapes for any year, the core area found to forest fragments had 764.83 ha to 1971; 361.75 ha to 1988 ha and 428,21 for the 2008 year . The RF totaled 386 ha, with 39 % natural vegetation present. For the legal scenario, if all the PPA were preserved there would be an increase of 239 ha of natural vegetation. It was found that the dynamics of the use and occupation of the SPPF s BF was governed by economic cycles, and currently it has a matrix with predominance of sugarcane monoculture. The low percentage of natural vegetation, isolation of fragments and lack of greetings legislation with respect to RF in the BZ, are probably contributing to the degradation of the park. It is necessary to propose measures to ensure the sustainability of the landscape.
Parâmetros térmicos de solidificação, microestrutura e resistência mecânica de ligas eutéticas Sn-0,7%Cu-(xNi)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-07-29)
Silva, Bismarck Luiz
;
Spinelli, José Eduardo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8882038118634925
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4377238190630005
Sn-Pb traditional solder alloys were overly utilize in electronic devices industry, since their properties and features use were adequate and well known. In the last years many restrictions and directives were and have been designed with a view to minimize or eliminate the use of this metal in the electronic industry. Thereby, several lead-free solder alloys emerged. Among these alloys, eutectic Sn-0.7wt%Cu (TE=227°C) appears as potential candidate to replace eutectic Sn-37wt%Pb alloys, because present low cost when compared with the other lead-free solder alloys. Fatigue resistance and fluidity are quite similar compared with those obtained for the traditional Sn-Pb alloys. Small alloying additions of Ni in Sn-Cu eutectics between levels 20-1000ppm Ni can improve welding properties such as good fluidity, reliability, fine degree of wetting, ensuring suitable mechanical resistance of solder joint. Thus, the main goals of present study are investigate the influence of the Ni microadditions on solidification thermal parameters (transient interfacial heat transfer coefficient - hi), eutectic growth rate v and cooling rate - Ṫ), microstructure features (dendritic and cellular spacings, λ1 and λC) and tensile properties in directionally solidified Sn-0.7wt%Cu, Sn-0.7wt%Cu-0.05wt%Ni e Sn-0.7wt%Cu-0.1wt%Ni alloys under unsteady-state conditions against AISI steel carbon 1020 water-cooled bottom part. Measurements of hi coefficient showed that Ni microadditions (500 and 1000ppm of Ni) in the eutectic Sn-0.7wt%Cu affected significantly the fluidity levels. The microstructures obtained for the Sn-0,7wt%Cu-(xNi) alloys presented eutectic colonies/cells along the casting length, with dendritic regions only on first positions close to the bottom. Small Ni additions promoted increase on ultimate tensile strength (σu) and elongation (δ), with the Sn-0.7wt%Cu-0.05wt%Ni alloy corresponding to the better combination of σu and δ, 36.6MPa and 12.1%, respectively.
Biotransformação do pesticida metil paration por fungos isolados da ascídia Didemnum ligulum
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-07-29)
Rodrigues, Gisele Nunes
;
Seleghim, Mirna Helena Regali
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5998337634888263
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8207347439182301
Pesticides are potentially toxic compounds to humans and other living beings, which are indispensable for pests removal in agriculture worldwide. The result of their overuse is the inevitable contamination of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. The need for degradation of these compounds has been subject of several studies. The enzymatic biodegradation of synthetic pesticides by microorganisms is an important strategy for removing these pollutants from the environment. Marine fungi are an excellent source of highly oxygenated bioactive compounds with huge potential to biotransform xenobiotics such as pesticides. Thus, the objective of this project was to study the biotransformation of the organophosphate pesticide methyl parathion using fungi of marine origin isolated from the ascidian Didemnum ligulum. Initially, 17 fungi strains have undergone screening on agar culture medium containing different pesticide concentrations (120 mg/L, 240 mg/L and 360 mg/L), and the three strains that showed the greatest growth diameter of the colony, were subjected to culture in a liquid medium to quantify the possible degradation of the methyl parathion. For these strains, the eficiency of degradation was monitored by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Methyl parathion was almost completely degraded in 20 days, but there was no significant difference between the reactions with the fungi strains and the abiotic control. The microorganisms, however, showed ability to metabolize p-nitrophenol, the main degradation product of methyl parathion. In conclusion, these three marine fungi, identified as two strains of Penicillium citrinum and one strain of Fusarium proliferatum, have proven to be important sources to study xenobiotic biotransformation.
Efeitos da configuração urbana na acidentalidade envolvendo pedestres em cidades de porte médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-07-29)
Carmo, Cássio Leandro do
;
Raia Junior, Archimedes Azevedo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6413793013018019
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0723555258294687
This work aims to analyze the urban pedestrian crashes and their correlation with the urban form in the cities of São Carlos and São José do Rio Preto. Accidents are characterized, through graphs and tables, according to the occurrence at intersections or along the streets, vehicles involved and severity of injury, day of week, time, gender and age of victims. Accidents georeferencing is done through Geographic Information System, using the software TransCAD. The urban road configuration of the cities and the correlation with the accidents are verified through the Theory of Space Syntax, determining their properties with Depthmap, a spatial analysis software. Although these cities present good levels of social development, they reflect the poor national performance in terms of road safety of pedestrians. The data evince that in recent years the number of pedestrian-crashes has at least stabilized, despite the large increase of the vehicle fleet. Regarding the configuration of the structure of urban road network and the location of accidents, the analysis according to the Space Syntax indicates that most accidents occur on roads which are more connected, with more global or local integration, and occupied by commercial or service activities. However, there are not necessarily accidents in streets or avenues with significant syntactic indexes, which demonstrates a restriction of analysis using solely the Syntax. Verification of correlation with the urban form through the Theory of Space Syntax suggests that local integration is a good parameter approach, especially in the initial planning of road safety, but still dependent on other essential variables of Traffic Engineering and Urban Planning, such as geometric characteristics of the road and land use.
Caminhos para o poder: a seleção de candidatos a Deputado Federal nas eleições de 2010
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-07-29)
Bolognesi, Bruno
;
Braga, Maria do Socorro Sousa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2311094074614215
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5103554000522280
The main purpose in this thesis is to analyse the candidate selection process for Federal Deputy in Brazil in the 2010 elections within four parties: DEM, PMDB, PSDB e PT. Heretofore, the study of candidate selection in our country have privileged the formal dimension of selection, like party´s statutes analysis or regional dinamics. In the other hand, except for some exceptions, the conclusions pointed out the impact of brazilian institutional design in candidate selection, undervaluing parties as autonomus units in the process. Therefore, from data about candidacy gathered at the Electoral Supreme Court and a survey applied to one hundred and twenty candidates, we tried to sketch the candidate selection process at the intra-party arena. The conclusions suggests that political parties are capable in divert from institucional incentives and choose candidates by different methods regarding the strenght and direction of the institutionalization. Hence, the different methods bring relevant consequences for the candidates profiles as well for the parties themselves.
Vender e educar com produtos sustentáveis ambientalmente: o caso dos consultores Natura em Sorocaba-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-07-30)
Hernandez, Andrea Cattaneo
;
Rabinovici, Andrea
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4506171831521594
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8076230265159093
The consumption has always been necessary for human survival. However in the XXI century it became the center of discussions about the environmental crisis. The act of consuming became the life purpose for many individuals, and the reason for overexploitation and environmental degradation. The changing of consumption patterns emerges as a possible solution through consumer awareness about the impact of their actions, which depends on reformulation of many concepts and values from an engaged environmental education, mainly in changing consumer profile and the means of production. With consumers more aware, the business sector will adopt more responsible standards in order to survive to the most rigorous market and avoid a future shortage. The Natura Cosmetics SA, for example, is considered as a company with sustainable profile, which has social and environmental concerns in their production processes, as well as programs and projects. The company's stance, therefore, can serve as an example to society and be a precursor of changes related to individual`s environmental attitudes. The company’s marketing method is realized through direct sales, which allows a closer relationship between seller and consumer, and therefore a possibility of environmental education. If the company`s consultants consider and follow the values of the company in their daily attitudes and professionals, the dissemination of ideas about conscious consumption and consequently a brand valuation will take place. The present work is a study about the influence of corporate values and practices adopted by the company Natura Cosmetics S.A. in daily life of a group of consultants. This work is characterized by a case study, through observation of consultants meetings, interviews and document analysis, whit the aim assessing whether the environmental actions adopted by the company reach, in fact, its consultants both in daily life as in their sales, discussing the educational potential that the company has and the opportunities which it offers. From the results obtained it is clear that interviewees encourage consumption under the pretext of preserving and enhancing domestic products of the company , that is, potential environmental education for the enhancement of the brand in the market is probably not addressed efficiently. Are required, therefore, different strategies of environmental education, consistent with the attitudes of selling and educating.
Dispositivo de ajuda perceptiva na atividade de inspeção visual para detecção de plantas cítricas com Huanglongbing (HLB, Greening)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-07-30)
Arantes, Luiz Otávio dos Santos
;
Menegon, Nilton Luiz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5461487552981919
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4909993050044363
This research aimed to develop a perceptual assistant device for citrus Huanglongbing (HLB) Greening´s scouts, which are workers responsible for symptomatic diseased plants identification by visual inspections on field. The methodology used has as starting point the Ergonomics Work Analysis (EWA) of HLB´s scouts, proceeded by Gonçalves (2011). The inspection´ EWA is articulated with Engineering Project methods for device development from the Activity standpoint. From EWA problem structuring, the device concept was defined as a lens which provides perceptual aid to HLB scouts by color contrast enhancement of mottling leaves, facilitating yellow bunch identification during visual inspection, but without any restriction to additional symptoms identification. Based on efficiency and productivity perspective, confronted against health and wellbeing perspective, it was used a method of data acquisition for quantitative analysis by statistical analysis of variance, related to inspection activity efficiency, and qualitative analysis, by semi-structured interviews related to user perception about wearing the perceptual assistant device. Results show that, in one hand, wearing the device helps to relief some cognitive constraints related to inspection activity, such as lightness, sun light reflection, shadows over the leaves, sun light direction variation, and also enhances symptomatic mottled leaves visualization. On the other hand, related to inspection efficiency, wearing the device does not resulted in higher or lower HLB identification on field. Therefore, the perceptual assistant device utilization for health improvement in the workplace and how is done mobilization and coordination between different social actors around the device development and evaluation, stays in this research as a reference about a way to create innovation.
Turismo, sustentabilidade e a gênese de um "ecoturismo": uma análise dos trabalhos do EcoUc/CONECOTUR
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-07-30)
Faco, Regiane Avena
;
Marques, Sílvio César Moral
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6047434055828372
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2475332263675294
;
Allis, Thiago
This documentary paper, exploratory-descriptive, aims to develop an analysis of scientific research on tourism through the annals presented in editions of the National Congress of Ecotourism and the Interdisciplinary Meeting on Ecotourism in Protected Areas (Conecotur / EcoUc) occurred until 2011. For this purpose, are disclosed some aspects of the research as origin of research, axles and themes according to the platform proposal by. Jafari (1989) through the work of Rejowski (1996).The discussion starts with a reflection about the terminologies tourism originated with the emergence of concepts such as sustainable development and then build a brief critique of the conventional models of tourism to understand how ecotourism is an alternative to these standards. In a second moment, the debate is about the beginning and evolution of tourism research and the importance of the emergence of academic meetings for the promotion of the area. Finally, it presents Conecotur / EcoUc and how this has developed as an area of scientific debate, allowing the enrichment of research and experience in tourism (as a practice) and academia (as reflection).
Influência da deposição de filmes finos organosilicones na fotodegradação do polipropileno
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-07-31)
Mena, Rodrigo Lemes
;
Waldman, Walter Ruggeri
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0616238673458322
;
Mancini, Sandro Donnini
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/5091149098462301
It is known that polypropylene is degraded in the presence of UV radiation, making difficult its use in applications where occurs this kind of radiation. This situation arises a need to improve the properties of polypropylene under photodegradation. Some work was done in order to improve the surface properties of the polypropylene film with deposition of organosilicon, but the photoprotection caused by these films is still poorly studied. The purpose of this study was to deposit a film prepared from organosilicon plasmas of HMDSO (Hexamethyldisiloxane) on the surface of polypropylene films and verify the protection provided against photodegradation. Depending on the plasma deposition conditions, we detected a variation in the protection exerted by the deposited film. Among the tests, the chemical vapor deposition on low pressure plasma by radio frequency of 13.56 MHz using a mixture of gases with pressure O2/HMDSO added 6 Pa and a power of 80 W for a period of 1 h showed the best protection results, measured by comparing the evolution of the area in the region with the carbonyl peak at 1722 cm-1. FEG-SEM analysis showed that the film generated have adhesion to the substrate. Profilometry analyzes demonstrated that increasing the deposition time increases the film thickness and decreases its surface roughness.
Avanços e desafios ambientais da Educação Ambiental brasileira entre a Rio 92 e a Rio+20
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-07-31)
Otero, Patrícia Bastos Godoy
;
Neiman, Zysman
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6435341856481082
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8028451153276262
;
Rabinovici, Andrea
The thesis discusses the progress and challenges in the field of environmental education (EE) in Brazil, in the period between the two world conferences on Environment and Development organized by the United Nations (UN) and performed in Brazil, the Rio-92 and Rio +20, which happened in 1992 and 2012 respectively. The main objective was to analyze the evolution of the Brazilian Environmental Education in the period between the two great conferences, from the systematization of information of official documents, reports published by the media about the two events and interviews with environmental leaders, politicians and technicians who were in the events and are prominent actors in the field of Environmental Education of Brazil. Since 1992 there has been the emergence and consolidation of various social practices and public policies that favored the development of environmental education in Brazil. Environmental education has influenced the thought and life of Brazilians.
Validação do Questionnaire on Resources and Stress - Short Form (QRS-F)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-07-31)
Zanfelici, Tatiane Oliveira
;
Aiello, Ana Lúcia Rossito
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0269442842332108
Family members of people with disabilities may be exposed to various stressors, among them the disability itself, becoming potential targets of stress. In this context, several models have been designed for the study of stress, among which highlights the Cognitive Assessment and the ABC-X, which comprise the coping strategies as a way to mediate the perception of stressors. Researches conducted with several family members have pointed out that the constant stress can lead to more roughness family relationships, and fewer opportunities for stimulation of child development, which contribute to enhance family relationships with any child, including those with disabilities. For the evaluation of the parental stress variable, studies show the use of different instruments, including the Questionnaire on Resources and Stress - QRS-F which stand out for being directed especially to families of children with disabilities and chronic illnesses. Given the above, this study proposed two objectives: 1) the cross-cultural adaptation of the QRS-F, since the translations available in Brazil do not have this treatment, or definitely modified the structure of the questionnaire, 2) a study of the evidence of psychometric validity of the instrument . The first study involved five independent translators, five professionals on the thematic area of the instrument and seven relatives of people with autism. The questionnaire underwent procedures of translation and retranslation, as well translations adjustments, resulting in altered or partially altered. The evaluation of the expert committee regarding the relevance of the questions in the conceptual levels, language and experimental indicated substantial kappa at all levels of assessment, indicating that the translation was adequate for the pilot application. The second study involved 57 mothers, fathers, grandparents and sister of children with and without various disabilities. Their analyzes showed significant correlations with the measure of stress obtained by Symptom Inventory Lipp Stress and the instrument that assessed coping resources, the Coping Strategies Inventory, indicating associations with the dimensions of the QRS-F Parental Problems, Pessimism and Physical Incapacity . The reliability coefficient obtained by the proof of Kuder-Richardson pointed a ratio considered adequate (KR-20 = .64). The test criterion validity indicated higher scores related to the dimension of the QRS-F called Pessimism, when compared groups of respondents relatives of people with and without various disabilities. It was considered that this version of the QRS-F, now called Questionnaire of Resources and Stressors, possesses the attributes necessary to be considered a valid tool in research in the area of parental stress in Brazil. It is suggested to do a further study, covering a broader sample of respondents, which allow the realization of more sophisticated analyzes, but indispensable for the consolidation of this instrument.